Journal of Cultural Heritage最新文献

{"title":"Abandoned industrial heritage: From waste to resource. Which evaluation tools to evaluate this circular process?","authors":"Francesca Nocca ,&nbsp;Hilde Remøy","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.11.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.11.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The abandonment of industrial buildings, driven by global economic changes and deindustrialization, has led to a growing interest in their adaptive reuse as a strategy for sustainable regeneration. This paper explores how disused industrial heritage can be transformed from waste into a valuable resource, aligning with circular economy principles. The main objective of the research is to propose an evaluation framework capable of assessing the multidimensional impacts (environmental, economic/financial, and socio-cultural) of adaptive reuse projects for industrial heritage across various project phases.</div><div>To achieve this, a systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, identifying key criteria and indicators used in previous evaluations. The review highlighted the complexity of balancing heritage conservation, community needs, and sustainability goals. While numerous studies propose multicriteria evaluation frameworks, few explicitly address the circular economy perspective. In this context, the European Commission’s Level(s) tool (currently the only officially recognized framework for assessing building sustainability in a circular economy perspective) was selected as the basis for this research.</div><div>The Level(s) tool was integrated and expanded to account for the unique characteristics of industrial heritage, including historical significance and socio-cultural values. The resulting evaluation framework consists of six thematic-areas, nine macro-objectives and a comprehensive set of 48 criteria and 100+ indicators. Indicators are categorized by evaluation phase (ex-ante, ongoing, ex-post) and lifecycle status (renovation activity, in-use, future adaptation potential), ensuring relevance across the building lifecycle. They also distinguish between impacts on the building/site itself and those on its urban context.</div><div>The framework allows stakeholders, including designers, investors, policymakers, and communities, to evaluate the sustainability of adaptive reuse projects in a structured, transparent, and comparable way. It supports decision-making through multicriteria analysis and encourages stakeholder collaboration. Moreover, it emphasizes the integration of qualitative and quantitative data and accommodates varying levels of technical expertise.</div><div>This study provides a replicable, flexible, and interdisciplinary tool for evaluating the circular regeneration of industrial heritage. Future research will focus on applying this framework to real-world projects to validate and refine its components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 207-222"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145733374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the thermal dampening and blanketing effects of ivy (Hedera helix) on stone-built coastal heritage assets under summer conditions","authors":"Georgina Jenkins ,&nbsp;Timothy Baxter","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.11.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.11.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climbing plants, such as English ivy (<em>Hedera helix</em>), are an important component of the natural and built environment, and are increasingly integrated into the designs of modern developments to provide aesthetic and thermal benefits. Yet, the influence of ivy on the conservation of historic buildings remains controversial. In urban and rural settings, ivy has been shown to both enhance and retard material breakdown. However, in dynamic coastal environments, where heritage assets are regularly exposed to variable weather conditions and damaging ocean spray, the impacts of ivy on stone decay are relatively unknown. In this study, a combination of laboratory simulations and field experiments were used to assess the impacts of different covers of ivy (i.e., full foliage, managed foliage, and exposed stone) on surface and subsurface microclimates and stone deterioration at two sixteenth century castles in Kent, UK. Our results show that ivy may shield surfaces against potentially damaging salt crystals, and buffer extremes and fluctuations in temperature and humidity during warm, summer conditions. Importantly, we show that heavily-managed stems can provide protective functions irrespective of leaves through the modulation of environmental variables linked to stone decay.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 197-206"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145733375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring varnish removal on a late 19th-century Vincent van Gogh painting using optical coherence tomography and reflection infrared spectroscopy","authors":"Julio M. del Hoyo-Meléndez ,&nbsp;Magdalena Iwanicka ,&nbsp;Piotr Targowski ,&nbsp;Anna Klisińska-Kopacz ,&nbsp;Anna Rygula ,&nbsp;Małgorzata Chmielewska ,&nbsp;Dominika Tarsińska-Petruk ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Novljaković","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.11.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.11.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vincent van Gogh's painting, <em>Country Huts Among Trees</em>, was executed in 1883. The painting underwent restoration likely in the second half of the 20th century; however, the specifics of this treatment are not documented. The painting's state of preservation was thoroughly examined to inform a conservation treatment consisting of solvent cleaning to remove the unwanted varnish. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and reflection FTIR spectroscopy provided insight into the painting’s stratigraphy and identified surface layers across various regions. OCT revealed the presence of multiple varnish layers, while FTIR-ATR, Raman, and reflection FTIR spectroscopy allowed the identification of the upper varnish layer as an acrylic resin. The combined use of FTIR and OCT enabled a non-invasive, in situ assessment of solvent cleaning procedures aimed at the selective removal of the upper varnish layer. Analyses were performed during the cleaning tests to carefully assess the condition of the painted surface and the original varnish. The results of these cleaning tests informed and refined the varnish removal procedure during the restoration process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 178-186"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145691025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Asian lacquers by atmospheric solids analysis probe high resolution tandem mass spectrometry coupled with cyclic ion mobility separation","authors":"Vojtěch Zemek ,&nbsp;Radek Ryšánek ,&nbsp;Petra Krejčí ,&nbsp;Lukáš Kučera ,&nbsp;Jana Nádvorníková ,&nbsp;Adéla Tůmová ,&nbsp;Helena Heroldová ,&nbsp;Adriana Stříbrná ,&nbsp;Petr Bednář","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.11.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.11.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the restoration and conservation of oriental lacquers, it is important to know what type of lacquer(s) and other components were used during the production of surveyed and potentially conserved or restored object. Traditionally infrared spectroscopy and pyrolysis combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (py-GC/MS) are used for lacquer type classification. We suggested a new approach based on atmospheric solids analysis probe high resolution tandem mass spectrometry coupled with cyclic ion mobility (ASAP-IMS-THRMS). This method was applied to 27 historical lacquer samples of Japanese, Chinese, Vietnamese and Burmese provenance dated from the 17th to the 20th centuries, and allowed their resolution and classification according to region of origin. The main classification capability was provided by phenol and benzenediol derivatives. The analysis of these compounds aside, the method allowed simultaneous detection of arsenic sulfides pigments as well as diterpenic and triterpenic resins in lacquer layers allowing samples characterization in a wider restoration, conservation and art history context.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 187-196"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145691027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-series analysis of land use land cover change dynamics in Sukur Cultural Landscape, northeast Nigeria","authors":"Akinbowale Akintayo","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.11.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.11.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates trends of land use land cover (lulc) change in Sukur Cultural Landscape (hereafter Sukur). Sukur is a World Heritage Site located in Madagali Local Government Area of Adamawa State, Nigeria which was inscribed into the World Heritage List in 1999. Twenty-five (25) years after, this study aims to assess landscape changes in the face of recent natural and anthropogenic threats. In December 2014, Sukur was ravaged by armed conflict by insurgents. Moreover, the negative impacts of climate change are evident in some of the cultural features that make up the cultural landscape. The study employed the use of earth observation data from Google Earth Pro to perform land use and land cover change analyses. Satellite image data were accessed using the time slider tool in Google Earth Pro to extract images for four epochs - 2009, 2014, 2019 and 2023. Seven land use land cover types (bare land, built-up, cropland, footpath, terrace, tree, and water) were identified in this study and Random Forest machine learning algorithm was utilized in QGIS using EnMAP plugin to classify each land use and cover class of interest. Accuracy assessments were computed from confusion matrix, user accuracy, producer accuracy, overall accuracy and kappa coefficient. Change detection was then carried out using SCP plugin in QGIS to estimate how each land cover class changed for each epoch. The results of the analyses showed an expansion in built-up areas in all the epochs studied, reduction in vegetation between 2009 and 2014 and conversely, increase in cropland area through all the epochs which is attributable to anthropogenic factors of development and population growth. The main drivers of landscape change are increase in population, suburban development, lifestyle change and effect of climate change on the environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 168-177"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145691024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Raphael seen through MA-XRF: understanding the master and his atelier by studying the Capodimonte collection","authors":"Michela Botticelli ,&nbsp;Rosario Andolina ,&nbsp;Marco Cardinali ,&nbsp;Angela Cerasuolo ,&nbsp;Santo Gammino ,&nbsp;Costanza Miliani ,&nbsp;Zdenek Preisler ,&nbsp;Eva Luna Ravan ,&nbsp;Gianluca Santagati ,&nbsp;Francesco Paolo Romano ,&nbsp;Andrea Zezza ,&nbsp;Claudia Caliri","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Raphael’s paintings in the Capodimonte collection, ‘Museo e Real Bosco di Capodimonte’ in Naples, offer the opportunity to describe the master’s great career and technical evolution from the earliest production, as in the <em>Baronci Panel</em>, to the mature collaboration with his pupil and successor Giulio Romano for the <em>Madonna of the Cat</em>. At the same time, coeval and later copies describe the impressive favour Raphael gained, yet when he was alive and in the following centuries. Studying the materiality of Raphael’s paintings in the Capodimonte collection brings more extensive knowledge on his technique, but also gives a sense of how his pupils and followers imitated or distanced themselves from him, participating to the discussion on the role of copies in the fifteenth and sixteenth century. MA-XRF scanning of Raphael’s works in the collection, and the analysis of artworks attributed to his workshop or identified as later copies assisted in the redefinition of the master’s material peculiarities. Beyond offering insights into the conservation history of the paintings, chemical data chiefly allowed the description of: (1) the master’s early technique in the <em>Baronci panel</em>, (2) the master’s practice, his material experimentation and conceptual setting up in works attributed to his workshop.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 156-167"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145691026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital holographic speckle pattern interferometry in support of ongoing conservation: the case of Giotto’s wall paintings in the Bardi Chapel, Florence","authors":"Antonina Chaban ,&nbsp;Vivi Tornari ,&nbsp;Michalis Andrianakis ,&nbsp;Maria Rosa Lanfranchi ,&nbsp;Alessandra Rocco ,&nbsp;Moira Bertasa ,&nbsp;Jana Striova","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.11.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effective conservation begins with a deep understanding of an artwork’s structural condition before restoring the pictorial layer. This is especially important for multi-layered painted surfaces like wall paintings, where hidden issues must be carefully evaluated to ensure long-term preservation. An ongoing conservation campaign (2022–2025) is dedicated to preserving Giotto’s irreplaceable wall paintings in the Bardi Chapel, Basilica di Santa Croce, Florence (Italy). The project faces significant challenges due to gaps in detailed documentation regarding past restorations. Conservators and heritage scientists were called to assess the subsurface condition of the wall paintings and accurately distinguish areas requiring interventions of varying urgency. A comprehensive diagnostic examination was conducted, incorporating advanced methodologies, including Digital Holographic Speckle Pattern Interferometry (DHSPI). This paper focuses on advantages and challenges of the DHSPI, operated under both thermal excitation and natural conditions, for detecting critical subsurface defects and supporting the study of the restoration history of Giotto’s wall paintings. DHSPI enables revealing hidden micro-deformations and monitoring direct surface responses to environmental changes in a quantitative full-field real-time non-contact examination. Thus, it provides valuable insights into structural stability, invisible overlapping of detachments and cracks, hidden structured layers, and through defect propagation to trace the future deterioration risks. By incorporating DHSPI into an interdisciplinary diagnostic strategy, we demonstrate how this approach enhances conservation decision-making, supports informed and minimally invasive interventions, and, ultimately, contributes to the long-term preservation of Giotto’s unique wall paintings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 140-148"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145621529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The first evidence of the polychromy on the stucco decoration in the Archbishop's Chateau - Sala Terrena (Kroměříž, Czech Republic)","authors":"Peter Majoroš ,&nbsp;Pavla Kučerová ,&nbsp;Dalibor Všianský ,&nbsp;Silvie Švarcová ,&nbsp;Petr Bezdička ,&nbsp;Lukáš Kučera","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This interdisciplinary paper presents the results of an examination of the original coloring as well as the later modifications of stucco decorations, authored by the sculptor and stuccoer Baldassarre Fontana. The rich stucco decoration adorns the Archbishop’s Chateau in Kroměříž, which, together with its gardens, is listed as a World Heritage Site (UNESCO). The detailed material investigation employed a multianalytical approach, comprising polarising light microscopy (PLM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR/ATR), and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Next, Raman microspectroscopy (µRS) was used as a complementary method, while X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), including X-ray powder microdiffraction (µXRPD), was used to ascertain the phase composition of the pigments.</div><div>The earliest scheme features a restrained white monochrome over lime-based finishing layers, locally accented by iron-oxide red-brown details (e.g., eyes, lips). Multiple thin <em>scialbo</em> (limewash) strata were identified. Petrographic features indicate lime–gypsum technology with occasional hydraulic traits. Later interventions include a 19th-century light-green repaint containing copper acetoarsenite (Paris green), followed by overpaints from the 19th to the 20th century with zinc white and TiO₂ (anatase) extenders. FTIR-ATR and μRS detected secondary calcium oxalates related to surface alteration and signals consistent with a drying-oil class binder on selected elements. These markers refine the chronology of treatments and inform conservation strategies, supporting selective uncovering and stabilization of significant layers</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 149-155"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145621533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-invasive characterisation of varnished modern paintings: comparative insights and conservation implications","authors":"Laura Homer ,&nbsp;Piotr Targowski ,&nbsp;Magdalena Kowalska ,&nbsp;Magdalena Iwanicka ,&nbsp;Francesca Rosi ,&nbsp;Laura Cartechini ,&nbsp;David Buti ,&nbsp;Haida Liang ,&nbsp;C.S. Cheung ,&nbsp;Florence Liggins ,&nbsp;Patrick Atkinson ,&nbsp;Raffaella Fontana ,&nbsp;Emma Vannini ,&nbsp;Irene Lunghi ,&nbsp;Georgios Karagiannis ,&nbsp;Theodoros Karagiannis ,&nbsp;Angelica Bartoletti ,&nbsp;Bronwyn Ormsby","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the results of a non-invasive analytical investigation into eight varnished modern paintings from the Norwegian National Museum, dating from 1966 to 1982. These works, executed in either waterborne acrylic dispersion resin or polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) media, have not been examined before. They form part of a broader research initiative aimed at documenting the use and degradation of synthetic, waterborne varnishes over acrylic and vinyl paints in the context of Norwegian modern art, and the implications for conservation treatments. The eight paintings were examined through the mobile laboratory (MOLAB) platform of the European infrastructure for Heritage Science (E-RIHS). Multiple complementary techniques, including optical coherence tomography (OCT), external reflection infrared spectroscopy (ERIRS), x-ray fluorescence (XRF) mapping and optical micro-profilometry, were employed to identify binders and pigments, assess varnish thickness and distribution and document the layer structure without sampling. The results of a central case study, <em>Winter Sun</em>, 1966, by Gunnar S. Gundersen (1921–1983) (MS-02579-2988, acrylic on canvas, 165×110 cm), are presented including characterisation of the layer structure, and identification of the paint and varnish compositions.</div><div>Comparative analysis between the case study paintings highlights both prevalences and differences within the materials used, informing material history and artistic practices within the mid-century Norwegian context. This in turn informs conservation approaches to the as-yet unresolved challenge of varnish removal from waterborne modern paints. The findings have the potential to inform the future design of representative mock-ups to test potential varnish removal systems. This multimodal, non-invasive approach offers new tools for understanding artist materials and supports conservation decision-making by clarifying when and how varnish removal may be appropriate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 127-139"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145621535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VuRA: A proposal for calculating vulnerability and risk in rock art sites. The experience in Foz Côa","authors":"Fernando Carrera-Ramírez ,&nbsp;Vera Moreira Caetano","doi":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.10.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.culher.2025.10.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As part of a project with very ambitious goals (<em>LandCRAFT - the sociocultural contexts of art from Recent Prehistory in the Côa Valley</em>), the authors were entrusted with tasks related to the conservation of a large set of rock art sites. In order to achieve these goals, and given their complexity, a standardized inspection and measurement strategy was designed to determine the degree of vulnerability and risk of this group of archaeological sites.</div><div>In a research area in which proposals and bibliographic references are particularly rare, the developed formula has reached such a high level of complexity and interest that its publication and submission to the analysis and criticism of the scientific community has been deemed necessary. Indeed, we consider that scientific dissemination could not only improve this formula but also turn it into a useful tool for public use.</div><div>Consequently, we would like to present here the first version of VuRA (Vulnerability of Rock Art), an integrated set of record sheets aimed at determining vulnerability and risk in rock art sites. This proposal combines detailed field observation with territorial information and the support of data offered by other disciplines (archaeology, chemistry, geotechnics, etc.), with a level of detail and complexity that can be regulated by the editors, depending on the objectives of the study. In the case of the LandCRAFT project, VuRA was used to define in detail the management strategies (protection, presentation, conservation, etc.) of the set of sites covered by the project.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cultural Heritage","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 117-126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145621534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}