Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology最新文献

Background: Anti-freeze Glycoproteins (AFGPs) were described to preserve biological materials and protect them from different stresses.

Aims: The effects of a synthetic anti-freeze glycoprotein-based compound, TFC-1326, on human skin quality and its biological actions were studied.

Methods: The effects of various concentrations of TFC-1326 on the biology of human preadipocytes, differentiated in the proinflammatory microenvironment, and on human fibroblasts grown in coculture with human mature adipocytes or monocultured in stress conditions were investigated in, in vitro studies. Additionally, the efficacy of a 1% TFC-1326 topical cream was evaluated in a clinical investigation on the skin biology and appearance of 20 women aged between 40 and 65 years throughout 84 days of application.

Results: The in vitro studies revealed that TFC-1326 mitigated the deleterious effects of a proinflammatory cytokine cocktail produced by human macrophages, by restoring preadipocyte adipogenic capacity and by reducing their fibroinflammatory state. TFC-1326 also stimulated the proliferative capacity of dermal fibroblasts co-cultured with mature adipocytes as well as their production of hyaluronic acid and procollagen type I, while decreasing IL6 secretion and increasing fibroblast viability. Furthermore, daily 1% TFC-1326 topical cream application, measurably improved skin radiance and laxity, as well as skin density. Finally, significant reductions of the volume and depth of the crow's feet wrinkles were also observed.

Conclusions: The compound TFC-1326 significantly improved the physiological appearance and cellular functions of aging skin.

Objectives: Earlier, quickly alternating dual-frequency ultrasound waves (LDM technology) were successfully applied for the treatment of different inflammatory skin conditions such as rosacea and acne. In this retrospective pragmatic two-center clinical study, we applied the triple-frequency LDM (TF-LDM) technology with frequencies of 1/3/10 and 3/10/19 MHz for the treatment of mild-to-severe acne skin to assess the effectivity and sustainability of the treatment outcomes.

Methods: Twenty-two patients with mild-to-severe acne were included in this study: 11 patients were treated with TF-LDM (1/3/10 MHz), and other 11 patients-with TF-LDM (3/10/19 MHz). Assessment of the acne severity was done using the bilateral facial photographs. The photos were evaluated at baseline (T1), on the day of the last treatment (T2), and during the follow-up controls (T3). Assessment of the acne severity was provided in accordance with a modified Global Evaluation Acne (mGEA) scale by nine independent dermatologists who were blinded to treatment assignments.

Results: The average improvement of the mGEA scoring between T1 and T2 across all patients was 73.69% ± 13.90% (p < 0.01), whereas the skin improvement between T1 and T3 was 90.14% ± 8.35% (p < 0.01). The state of the skin was also statistically significantly improved between T2 and T3 (53.26% ± 29.24%, p < 0.02). There was no difference in treatment outcomes between the patients treated with TF-LDM (1/3/10 MHz) and TF-LDM (3/10/19 MHz).

Conclusions: TF-LDM is an effective method for the treatment of the mild-to-severe acne skin that provides a significant skin improvement and long-lasting treatment results. The method demonstrates no significant side effects, is pain-free, well tolerated, and highly accepted by patients.

Background: The demand for aesthetic procedures aimed at restoring and preserving a youthful appearance is growing. While numerous non-surgical facial rejuvenation techniques are available, there is a need for a comprehensive review of clinic-based procedures targeting non-facial body parts.

Aims: This review aims to describe and evaluate clinic-based techniques for rejuvenating the neck, chest, and hands, focusing on various types of fillers and other non-invasive procedures.

Methods: In this first part of this review, we conducted an extensive literature review on PubMed, reporting the effectiveness of different fillers, detailing their preparation, required volume per area, injection methods, durability, and any associated side effects. We also discuss the use of mesotherapy, microneedling, chemical peeling, and Profhilo in these specific body areas.

Conclusion: The review synthesizes the latest data on the effectiveness and safety of these procedures, highlighting the advancements in filler technology and the growing popularity of non-invasive techniques for body rejuvenation. This article serves as a valuable resource for practitioners and patients interested in non-surgical body rejuvenation, providing insights into the best practices.

Background: Interest in aesthetic procedures that help maintain a youthful look is on the rise. While many nonsurgical techniques focus on facial rejuvenation, there is a need for a detailed review of treatments, specifically for nonfacial areas.

Aim: This review explores various clinic-based methods for revitalizing the neck, chest, and hands, with a particular emphasis on different laser treatments.

Methods: For this second part of the review, we conducted a comprehensive search on PubMed to evaluate the effectiveness of various laser treatments. The review covers treatment parameters such as wavelength, fluence, and pulse, along with outcomes, follow-up care, and potential side effects. A discussion on the role of sclerotherapy in treating these areas was also included.

Conclusions: This article compiles recent findings on the safety and effectiveness of these treatments, showcasing progress in laser technologies and the growing trend of noninvasive body rejuvenation. It offers practical insights for both practitioners and patients looking for reliable options in nonsurgical body treatments.

Purpose: Microfocused ultrasound with real-time visualization (MFU-V) is often used for noninvasive skin lifting, by precisely targeting dermal and subcutaneous tissues to create thermal coagulation points (TCPs). These TCPs denature collagen and initiate a transient inflammatory response, ultimately attracting dermal fibroblasts and inducing efficient neocollagenesis and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, yielding to MFU-V's desired skin-lifting effects. The current study investigates MFU-V's underlying mode of action based on the histological progression of TCPs in the skin, providing new insight into the technology's regenerative effect.

Methods: Following standard triple-depth MFU-V treatment, in vivo skin samples were assessed using histology and immunohistochemistry to evaluate TCPs, heat shock protein (HSP47), and elastin expression in fibroblasts.

Results: MFU-V treatment induced elongated, flame-like TCPs with denatured collagen at focal depths of 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 mm within the skin-each corresponding to its respective transducer depth. Time-dependent progression of TCPs showed significantly increased scores of fibroblasts and mature collagen along with recruitment of HSP47-positive fibroblasts to TCP areas on Day 90. Collagen formation and later maturation were visualized. Newly synthesized elastin significantly increased in the TCP area on Day 90 compared to Day 14.

Conclusion: This work provides histological evidence of stimulation and regeneration of newly synthesized elastin fibers after TCP induction. MFU-V-generated TCPs triggered the body's own healing cascade of collagen denaturation, transient inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling, resulting in attraction of HSP47-positive fibroblasts to the TCP sites, and new collagen and elastin fiber regeneration by fibroblasts. Besides the well-described neocollagenesis, this study demonstrates that MFU-V treatment induces elastin neogenesis that may result not only in skin lifting but also in improved skin elasticity, providing an overall regenerative effect.

Background: Submental fullness is perceived as unattractive by both men and women. The noninvasive simultaneous delivery of HIFES and synchronized radiofrequency+ (Sync RF+) technologies aims to address the submental fullness by concurrently targeting the skin, adipose tissue, and weakened anterior belly of the digastric muscle, the three contributing layers to the double chin appearance.

Aims: This study aims to investigate the histological changes to adipose tissue related to cell morphology, caspase-7, and Bcl-2 levels to detect adipocyte apoptosis following the HIFES and Sync RF+ treatment on human subjects.

Methods: The active group (n = 6) received single 20-min treatment on the submental area, while the control group (n = 2) did not receive any treatment. Biopsies of subcutaneous fat tissue were obtained at baseline, and 24 h and 7 days posttreatment. The specimens were histologically and immunohistochemically analyzed for changes in morphology, caspase-7, and Bcl-2 levels.

Results: Observed caspase-7 levels increased by 511% at 24-h posttreatment, and 101% at 7 days (p < 0.0001), while the Bcl-2 levels decreased by 89% at 24 h and 24% at 7 days posttreatment (p < 0.0001). The control group had no statistically significant relative changes in the activity of caspase-7. Posttreatment adipocytes were shrunken in size, and shapes lost their uniformity compared to baseline. Five of six subjects reported the treatment as being comfortable. No adverse events were observed during the study.

Conclusions: The results of this human histology study indicate that noninvasive HIFES and Sync RF+ technologies have a favorable safety profile for submental fat reduction through the induction of adipocyte apoptosis.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06282172.

Background: As traditional Chinese medicinal materials, E'jiao and cubilose are rich in various bioactive substances with good antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-regulating effects.

Aim: To obtain the optimal ratio of synergistic effect between E'jiao and cubilose.

Methods: The antioxidant capacity of E'jiao and cubilose digestive fluid was evaluated in vitro, as well as the intracellular oxidation balance between HSF cells and 3D whole-skin model induced by H₂O₂.

Results: E'jiao, cubilose, and their different ratios of composites had better scavenging ability against free radicals such as DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). Using HSF cells induced by H₂O₂ as an oxidative damage model, it was found that the combination of E'jiao and cubilose in a ratio of 2:3 significantly enhanced the activities of SOD, GSH-PX, and CAT enzymes compared to the separate treatments of E'jiao and cubilose, as well as other combination ratios. It effectively reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species caused by H₂O₂ in HSF (Human Skin Fibroblast) cells and protected the integrity of the cells. Further analysis using flow cytometry and a 3D full-thickness skin model revealed that the combination ratio of 2:3 increased the proportion of H₂O₂-treated cells in the S%+G2% phase from 19.1% + 7.4%-22.1% + 28.8%, helping oxidatively damaged cells partially recover their proliferative capacity. It also promoted the expression of collagen I and collagen IV in the 3D full-thickness skin model, with improvement rates reaching 168.00% and 123.68%, respectively.

Conclusions: These findings indicate that the combination of E'jiao and cubilose in a ratio of 2:3 exhibits good synergistic effects, enhancing the ability of cells to resist oxidative damage, promoting cellular renewal and metabolism, and improving skin antiwrinkle capacity.

Background: Botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) is a widely utilized protein derived from the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, known for its effectiveness in treating various medical conditions involving muscle spasticity, involuntary muscle movements, and pain disorders. Beyond its therapeutic applications, BTX-A is also commonly used in cosmetic procedures to address dynamic wrinkles, hyperhidrosis, sebum production, pore size, and overall skin texture. While the use of neurotoxins like BTX-A for treating conditions such as UVB-induced hyperpigmentation, specifically melasma, is an emerging area of interest, it is not yet a widely recognized treatment for this dermatologic condition. This literature review serves to provide a consolidated overview of the current therapeutic implications of BTX-A treatment for melasma and explore its proposed mechanisms of action.

Objective: This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current evidence base for the efficacy of BTX-A treatment on melasma.

Methods: To gain a comprehensive understanding on the current theories regarding BTX-A treatment on melasma, a literature review was conducted on all the available information using PubMed. A combination of keywords was used to maximize the search results, including "botulinum toxin," "melasma," "melanogenesis," "neurotoxin," "cholinergic system," "BTX-A," and "UV-induced melasma." The search was not restricted by date, allowing for the inclusion of articles offering historical context and those providing the most recent findings. Ninety-eight articles were reviewed to provide a consolidated update on the effectiveness of botulinum toxin A in reducing the appearance of melasma and potential mechanisms of action involved in doing so.

Conclusion: Melasma is a challenging dermatologic condition due to its chronicity and various intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influence its pathogenesis. While current treatment options for melasma include topical, oral, and light-based therapies, recent studies suggest that BTX-A may hold potential as a viable treatment modality for melasma. Despite the mechanism of action remaining unclear, it is hypothesized that BTX-A inhibition of Ach receptors on melanocytes could play a role in the reduction of melanogenesis. BTX-A treatment in melasma-affected skin demonstrates statistically significant reduction in hyperpigmented lesions associated with melasma.

Background: Habitual tic nail dystrophy is a prevalent condition among adults; however, it has received limited scholarly attention.

Aims: This study aims to report the case of habitual tic nail dystrophy with a duration of 13 years.

Methods: The patient was advised to modify his lifestyle habits and was followed up regularly over the course of 1 year to assess changes in the appearance of his nails.

Results: The appearance of the nails normalized during the 1-year follow-up period.

Conclusions: The appearance of nails in patients with habitual tic nail dystrophy can be significantly improved through lifestyle modifications and by minimizing the stimulation of the nail matrix.