Journal of Education and Health Promotion最新文献

Background: This is a protocol to evaluate the impact of using a mobile app on managing chemotherapy side effects and quality of life (QoL) in breast cancer patients.

Materials and method: A double-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) with a 1:1 allocation ratio will be conducted with 72 breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy at Omid Hospital in Mashhad. Both groups will receive chemotherapy and usual face-to-face visits, while the intervention group will also use the designed mobile app during the study period. The overall health status and QoL of patients in both the intervention and control groups are evaluated before (at the beginning of the participant's third chemotherapy session) and after (at the end of the 4-week intervention period).

Results: In the first stage, the app's initial content was categorized based on a literature review and guidelines for managing chemotherapy side effects. In the second stage, the created content was included in a focused group meeting with six radiotherapy oncologists and experts in this field. Twenty categories related to side effects during chemotherapy were approved by experts. After the approval of the content, the design and development of the mobile app will be done. Finally, by analyzing and comparing the findings obtained in patients of both groups, we will examine the effect of using the app on the management of side effects and QoL in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. In addition, the usability of the mobile app will be evaluated from the users' point of view.

Conclusion: It is possible to design and develop a mobile app to improve chemotherapy side effects and QoL in breast cancer patients. Although its efficacy still needs further evaluation, we hope it can help improve the side effects of chemotherapy and QoL in breast cancer patients.

Background: Instead of cognitive distortions, emotion-focused therapy emphasizes the emotion schemes of shame/deficiency in the psychopathology of social anxiety. The aim of this research was to examine the mediating role of shame and self-criticism in the relationship between traumatic childhood experiences and social anxiety using a sequential model.

Materials and methods: This research was conducted in a cross-sectional descriptive design. The study sample included 420 students (175 males and 245 females (who were selected as a convenience sample from the first semester (February 2022 to July 2023). Research instruments used in the study included the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short Form (CTQ-SF), Young's Shame/Deficit Schema Scale, Gilbert's Self-Criticism Forms, and Connor's Social Anxiety Scale. Data analyses included descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics, which also used the Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation model using the partial least squares regression method.

Results: The entire model is significant and 20% of the variance of social anxiety is predicted in this way (R² = 0.20, P < .001). The fit indices also showed the goodness of the model. The results demonstrate both the significant direct impact of traumatic childhood experiences on social anxiety (β = 0.178, t = 2.97, P < .001, 95% CI) and the significant indirect effects of these experiences through shame schema and self-criticism (β = 0.25, t = 6.68, P < .001, 95% CI). The total effects of these childhood traumas (direct and indirect (on social anxiety were also statistically significant (β = 0.42, t = 8.49, P < .001, 95% CI).

Conclusions: The results confirm emotion-focused therapy model for social anxiety, which showed that self-criticism and shame mediate the relationship between traumatic experiences and social anxiety. The idea that self-criticism is a mechanism for coping with shame to avoid appearing imperfect again was also supported in this research.

Background: Managers of health and treatment organizations make decisions in very dynamic and unpredictable conditions, and hence the selection of competent managers in health-oriented organizations, especially universities of medical sciences, which has a vital role in health education, and training. Therefore, this research has been done with the aim of designing the core competence model of health managers based on the approach of Using Management Assessment Centers in Health Care System.

Materials and method: This research was a qualitative study and the content analysis method were done in 2023 on 15 senior managers of Iranian universities of medical sciences. Information was collected with semi-structured interviews with 15 senior managers of universities of medical sciences in IRAN, and after analyzing the content of the interviews by using the Delphi technique, the core competencies model of managers based on the approach of Assessment Centers was designed.

Result: After analyzing the content of the interviews finally, the model of the core competencies of senior managers was designed in five dimensions including managerial competencies, perceptual competencies, personality (individual) competencies, communication competencies, ethical competencies, and thirty sub-components.

Conclusion: It is very important to pay attention to the core competencies of health managers in controlling, managing, and preventing diseases, and improving the level of community health. Based on this, it is necessary for the officials to base these qualifications on the selection of health system managers and to adopt appropriate health policies in this field to improve the level of health and health, and the efficiency of the health system.

Background: This study aims to identify the predictors of menstruation's impact on adolescents' daily, social, and school lives, focusing on physical, psychological, and environmental factors.

Materials and methods: For this cross-sectional study, 763 girls (M = 18.5 years, range = 11-26 years) participated. The questionnaires included items on menstruation's impacts and predictors (i.e., intensity of dysmenorrhea, emotional and self-esteem issues, beliefs about menstruation, social support, resource accessibility, and academic satisfaction).

Results: Two path analyses examined: (1) adolescents' daily lives, social participation, and physical activity, and (2) school outcomes (absenteeism, classwork, and homework challenges). In Model 1, the negative impact of menstruation on daily life was positively predicted by dysmenorrhea intensity (P < 0.001), emotional and self-esteem issues (P < 0.001), and bullying related to menstruation (P. =0.013), while negative beliefs about menstruation as a barrier to physical activity had a negative effect (P < 0.001). Limitations in social life were positively predicted by dysmenorrhea (P < 0.001), beliefs about menstruation as a barrier to physical activity (P < 0.001), and menstruation as a taboo subject (P = 0.017). The strongest predictors of physical activity limitations were dysmenorrhea (P < 0.001) and beliefs about menstruation as a physical activity barrier (P < 0.001). In Model 2, all school outcomes were positively predicted by dysmenorrhea intensity (P < 0.001). Emotional and self-esteem issues were associated with difficulties of completing homework and focusing in class (P < 0.001). Beliefs about menstruation as a barrier to physical activity were negatively related to school absenteeism (P < 0.001). Additionally, higher academic satisfaction negatively predicted a decrease in school absenteeism (P < 0.001).

Conclusion: These results emphasize the need for support, including educational and health-related initiatives, addressing adolescent menstruation challenges.

Background: Abdominal surgery patients remain at risk for postoperative complications despite medical advancements. Effective nursing interventions, such as pain management, early mobilization, and structured education, play a crucial role in improving recovery. However, inconsistencies in existing studies necessitate a comprehensive review. This study systematically evaluates the impact of nursing interventions to guide standardized postoperative care and enhance patient outcomes.

Materials and methods: The systematic review and meta-analysis followed the PRISMA guidelines. A literature search was conducted across five databases (PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Embase, and Web of Science) for studies published between January 2019 and December 2023. Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. Meta-analysis was performed to synthesize the findings.

Results: A total of 21 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final meta-analysis. Nursing interventions significantly reduced postoperative pain at 8 hours, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, and ≥4 days. Additionally, they effectively shortened the time to first bowel movement and first flatus while also improving postoperative self-care behaviors. Significant reductions in abdominal distension were observed at 1 day, 2 days, and 3 days.

Conclusions: Nursing interventions play a crucial role in improving postoperative outcomes for patients undergoing abdominal surgery. The findings support the implementation of evidence-based nursing strategies to minimize complications and optimize recovery, emphasizing the need for standardized nursing guidelines to improve patient care and healthcare efficiency.

Background: The growing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare is transforming the role of nurses, demanding greater agility in adapting to technological changes. This study examines how perceived usefulness of AI (PUAI) influences sustainable workforce agility (WA) while considering psychological empowerment (PE) as a mediating factor and education level as a moderator.

Materials and methods: This study employed a correlational cross-sectional method. A total of 147 nurses from the Government General Hospital participated, selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected through an existing questionnaire. Statistical analyses were conducted using Jamovi (version 2.6.26), including simple linear regression to assess relationships among key variables, as well as mediation and moderation analyses to test their effects.

Results: The results indicate that PUAI significantly influences both PE and sustainable WA, as evidenced by high R-values and statistically significant P values across the models. Mediation analysis reveals that PE partially mediates the relationship between PUAI and sustainable WA. However, the moderation analysis shows that education level does not have a significant moderating effect on this relationship.

Conclusion: The study concludes that a positive perception of AI tools significantly enhances PE and WA among nurses. These findings underscore the potential of AI to foster adaptability in healthcare settings, independent of educational background, thereby promoting a more resilient and empowered nursing workforce.

Background: Tobacco use remains a leading disease burden and mortality in India. As key influencers in public health, healthcare professionals (HCPs) play a crucial role in tobacco prevention and control. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of government HCPs and workers regarding the harmful effects of tobacco, their perceptions, and usage behaviors.

Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study design was implemented among 366 government HCPs and workers selected through a multistage simple random sampling method from two districts in Jharkhand. One block was randomly selected from each district. Participants were equally divided (n = 183 each). Data were collected using a structured, self-designed validated questionnaire, with a Content Validity Index of 0.86 and Cronbach's alpha of 0.75. Statistical analysis involved descriptive methods, Chi-square tests using Jamovi software (Version Solid 2.6.0.0, Sydney, Australia) with a significance level set at P < 0.05.

Results: The study revealed that 63.1% of respondents were aware of tobacco's health risks, yet only 45.6% knew about tobacco control laws, indicating a significant knowledge gap. Despite their professional roles, 44% reported using tobacco, often influenced by social pressure, stress, and perceived status. Encouragingly, 35.2% showed willingness to quit. A significant association was found between gender and tobacco use patterns. Counseling and local-level awareness initiatives were preferred methods for intervention.

Conclusion: This study achieved its objective by identifying gaps in awareness and practices related to tobacco use among healthcare personnel. The high prevalence of tobacco use and limited awareness of laws point to the need for targeted cessation support and gender-responsive strategies.

Background: The quality of learning is influenced by students' ability to adopt effective learning strategies, which are essential in nursing education. This study aims to segment nursing students' learning strategies into distinct profiles to inform targeted pedagogical interventions. The study combines hierarchical and non-hierarchical clustering methods to explore cognitive, metacognitive, and affective tools used by nursing students in Morocco.

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted from December 2022 to February 2023 in the three Higher Institutes of Nursing and Health Techniques (ISPITS) in the Marrakech-Safi region, Morocco. An exhaustive sampling method included 625 newly enrolled first-year Moroccan students. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire adapted from "Mes Outils de Travail Intellectuel" (MOTI), previously validated for the target population through exploratory factor analysis (Cronbach's alpha > 0.7). The questionnaire assessed cognitive, metacognitive, and affective learning strategies. Data analysis employed hierarchical clustering (Ward's method) and non-hierarchical clustering (K-Means algorithm) using SPSS software (version 27). Differences between clusters were confirmed by ANOVA tests.

Results: Four distinct clusters emerged: limited strategic profile, surface strategic profile, depth strategic profile, and low engagement strategic profile. Significant differences were observed among these profiles (P < 0.001). The depth strategic profile demonstrated advanced cognitive and metacognitive approaches, whereas the surface strategic profile predominantly involved rote memorization.

Conclusion: Nursing students exhibit diverse learning strategies, underscoring the necessity for tailored pedagogical approaches. The combined clustering methodology effectively identified distinct learning profiles, providing a solid foundation for enhancing educational outcomes in nursing education.