The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic resulted in serious limitations for healthcare systems, and this study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 surges on in-patient care capacities in Iran employing the Adaptt tool. Using a cross-sectional study design, our study was carried out in the year 2022 using 1-year epidemiologic (polymerase chain reaction-positive COVID-19 cases) and hospital capacity (beds and human resource) data from the official declaration of the pandemic in Iran in February 2020. We populated several scenarios, and in each scenario, a proportion of hospital capacity is assumed to be allocated to the COVID-19 patients. In most of the scenarios, no significant shortage was found in terms of bed and human resources. However, considering the need for treatment of non- COVID-19 cases, in one of the scenarios, it can be observed that during the peak period, the number of required and available specialists is exactly equal, which was a challenge during surge periods and resulted in extra hours of working and workforce burnout in hospitals. The shortage of intensive care unit beds and doctors specializing in internal medicine, infectious diseases, and anesthesiology also requires more attention for planning during the peak days of COVID-19.
{"title":"Hospital capacities and response to COVID-19 pandemic surges in Iran: A quantitative model-based study.","authors":"Sedighe Hosseini-Jebeli, Arash Tehrani-Banihashemi, Babak Eshrati, Ali Mehrabi, Mahshid Roohravan Benis, Marzieh Nojomi","doi":"10.4103/jehp.jehp_956_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jehp.jehp_956_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic resulted in serious limitations for healthcare systems, and this study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 surges on in-patient care capacities in Iran employing the Adaptt tool. Using a cross-sectional study design, our study was carried out in the year 2022 using 1-year epidemiologic (polymerase chain reaction-positive COVID-19 cases) and hospital capacity (beds and human resource) data from the official declaration of the pandemic in Iran in February 2020. We populated several scenarios, and in each scenario, a proportion of hospital capacity is assumed to be allocated to the COVID-19 patients. In most of the scenarios, no significant shortage was found in terms of bed and human resources. However, considering the need for treatment of non- COVID-19 cases, in one of the scenarios, it can be observed that during the peak period, the number of required and available specialists is exactly equal, which was a challenge during surge periods and resulted in extra hours of working and workforce burnout in hospitals. The shortage of intensive care unit beds and doctors specializing in internal medicine, infectious diseases, and anesthesiology also requires more attention for planning during the peak days of COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":15581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Health Promotion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10979778/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140335797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_167_23
Masomeh Kalantarion, Soleiman Ahmady, Per Kallestrup, Marzieh Katibeh, Mohammad Mehdi Sadoughi, Nasrin Khajeali, Seyed Aliakbar Faghihi
Background: Mobile learning has played an important role during the COVID-19 pandemic and medical schools now consider it as an effective educational method in current and future crises. In this qualitative study, an attempt was made to demonstrate the principles of designing a mobile learning strategy in medical education from the perspective of experts.
Materials and methods: The study was conducted by the qualitative content analysis method. The data were collected from July 2022 to Feb 2023. Twelve participants were included in this study from Iran's medical universities, consisting of two members of the Higher Council of Virtual Education, three educational directors, three clinical faculty members, two faculty members specializing in e-learning and medical education, an educational vice, and a dean. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed by Granheim and Lundman's (2004) method.
Results: Out of twelve participants in the study, eight (66%) were males and four (44%) females. Data were classified into eight categories and one theme. Based on the participants' experiences, the main theme, that is, "the principles of medical education design in mobile learning," included pedagogical component, interactive design, effective and comprehensive analysis, achieving objectives with the mobile learning platform, generating micro- and interactive e-content, teaching-learning interactive methods, course implementation and interactive evaluation at both micro- and macro-levels.
Conclusion: Data analysis revealed that in addition to the eight principles in the medical education design in mobile learning, the participants prioritized the two principles of pedagogical component and interactive design over other principles in educational design. Using a successful mobile learning strategy in situations of restrictions limiting physical presence may improve the quality of medical education.
{"title":"How to create a successful mobile learning strategy for medical education during lockdowns?","authors":"Masomeh Kalantarion, Soleiman Ahmady, Per Kallestrup, Marzieh Katibeh, Mohammad Mehdi Sadoughi, Nasrin Khajeali, Seyed Aliakbar Faghihi","doi":"10.4103/jehp.jehp_167_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jehp.jehp_167_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mobile learning has played an important role during the COVID-19 pandemic and medical schools now consider it as an effective educational method in current and future crises. In this qualitative study, an attempt was made to demonstrate the principles of designing a mobile learning strategy in medical education from the perspective of experts.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study was conducted by the qualitative content analysis method. The data were collected from July 2022 to Feb 2023. Twelve participants were included in this study from Iran's medical universities, consisting of two members of the Higher Council of Virtual Education, three educational directors, three clinical faculty members, two faculty members specializing in e-learning and medical education, an educational vice, and a dean. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed by Granheim and Lundman's (2004) method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of twelve participants in the study, eight (66%) were males and four (44%) females. Data were classified into eight categories and one theme. Based on the participants' experiences, the main theme, that is, \"the principles of medical education design in mobile learning,\" included pedagogical component, interactive design, effective and comprehensive analysis, achieving objectives with the mobile learning platform, generating micro- and interactive e-content, teaching-learning interactive methods, course implementation and interactive evaluation at both micro- and macro-levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Data analysis revealed that in addition to the eight principles in the medical education design in mobile learning, the participants prioritized the two principles of pedagogical component and interactive design over other principles in educational design. Using a successful mobile learning strategy in situations of restrictions limiting physical presence may improve the quality of medical education.</p>","PeriodicalId":15581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Health Promotion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10979768/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140335798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_194_23
Ramin Abrishami, Kambiz Golestani, Mehri Farhang Ranjbar, Mohammad Hassan Ghasemie Abarghouie, Ahmad Ghadami
Background and objective: Patient safety and medical personnel self-efficacy are among the main factors involved in providing quality health services. Moreover, safety culture in an organization is considered one of the most critical factors regarding patients' safety. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effects of patient safety programs based on Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation (SBAR) and Failure Model Effects Analysis (FMEA) techniques on self-efficacy and patient safety culture in Iran Hospital of Shiraz in 2022-2023.
Materials and methods: This two-stage quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2022-2033. Considering inclusion criteria, the present study included 80 nurses working in Iran Hospital. The participants were divided into groups of SBAR (40 participants) and FMEA (40 participants). All the data were collected using a Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture questionnaire and Sherer General Self-Efficacy Scale. Then, the collected data were analyzed using SPSS 13, Fisher's exact test, paired t-test, and independent t-test with a significant level of P < 0.05.
Results: The mean score of total patient safety culture between the two groups was insignificant before the intervention (P = 0.58). However, it was more significant in the FMEA group than the SBAR group after the intervention (P < 0/05). In addition, the mean self-efficacy score between the two groups was insignificant before the intervention (P = 0.80). However, after the intervention, the mean score of the FMEA group was significantly higher than the SBAR group (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, there is a meaningful relationship between patient safety training programs based on SBAR and FMEA techniques on patient safety and self-efficacy of nurses; however, FMEA training has more positive effects on self-efficacy and patient safety compared to other techniques. As a result, these techniques, along with other plans, are recommended to authorities in order to help improve patient safety.
{"title":"A survey on the effects of patient safety training programs based on SBAR and FMEA techniques on the level of self-efficacy and observance of patient safety culture in Iran hospital, Shiraz in 2022-2023.","authors":"Ramin Abrishami, Kambiz Golestani, Mehri Farhang Ranjbar, Mohammad Hassan Ghasemie Abarghouie, Ahmad Ghadami","doi":"10.4103/jehp.jehp_194_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jehp.jehp_194_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Patient safety and medical personnel self-efficacy are among the main factors involved in providing quality health services. Moreover, safety culture in an organization is considered one of the most critical factors regarding patients' safety. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effects of patient safety programs based on Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation (SBAR) and Failure Model Effects Analysis (FMEA) techniques on self-efficacy and patient safety culture in Iran Hospital of Shiraz in 2022-2023.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This two-stage quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2022-2033. Considering inclusion criteria, the present study included 80 nurses working in Iran Hospital. The participants were divided into groups of SBAR (40 participants) and FMEA (40 participants). All the data were collected using a Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture questionnaire and Sherer General Self-Efficacy Scale. Then, the collected data were analyzed using SPSS 13, Fisher's exact test, paired <i>t</i>-test, and independent <i>t</i>-test with a significant level of <i>P</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean score of total patient safety culture between the two groups was insignificant before the intervention (<i>P</i> = 0.58). However, it was more significant in the FMEA group than the SBAR group after the intervention (<i>P</i> < 0/05). In addition, the mean self-efficacy score between the two groups was insignificant before the intervention (<i>P</i> = 0.80). However, after the intervention, the mean score of the FMEA group was significantly higher than the SBAR group (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to the findings of this study, there is a meaningful relationship between patient safety training programs based on SBAR and FMEA techniques on patient safety and self-efficacy of nurses; however, FMEA training has more positive effects on self-efficacy and patient safety compared to other techniques. As a result, these techniques, along with other plans, are recommended to authorities in order to help improve patient safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":15581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Health Promotion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10979771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140335833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_982_23
Fatima F Benyian
Background: There are major health benefits to physical exercise during pregnancy for mothers and newborns. However, physical inactivity during pregnancy varies worldwide, but it is more common during the third trimester of pregnancy. A positive attitude toward antenatal exercise can reduce physical inactivity.
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate pregnant women's knowledge and attitude toward physical exercise during pregnancy and to find out the relationship between pregnant women's knowledge and attitude.
Methods: This is a descriptive study utilizing a non-probability purposive sample of 200 women. The data were collected by distributing a structured, self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised 37 questions for knowledge and 15 questions for attitude. This study was conducted from October 2021 to November 2022.
Results: The higher percentage of women's age was 20-24 years, and 30% graduated from primary school. Nearly two-thirds of them were in the second trimester. More than one-third of them have two to three living children. Nearly two-thirds of women have poor knowledge levels about physical exercise during pregnancy, but most of them have a positive attitude. There is a significant relationship between pregnant women's knowledge and attitude.
Conclusion: This study indicated that most of the study sample had poor knowledge regarding physical exercise during pregnancy. However, they have a positive attitude toward physical exercise during pregnancy.
{"title":"Evaluation of pregnant women's knowledge and attitude toward physical exercise during pregnancy at maternity hospitals.","authors":"Fatima F Benyian","doi":"10.4103/jehp.jehp_982_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jehp.jehp_982_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There are major health benefits to physical exercise during pregnancy for mothers and newborns. However, physical inactivity during pregnancy varies worldwide, but it is more common during the third trimester of pregnancy. A positive attitude toward antenatal exercise can reduce physical inactivity.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate pregnant women's knowledge and attitude toward physical exercise during pregnancy and to find out the relationship between pregnant women's knowledge and attitude.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a descriptive study utilizing a non-probability purposive sample of 200 women. The data were collected by distributing a structured, self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised 37 questions for knowledge and 15 questions for attitude. This study was conducted from October 2021 to November 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The higher percentage of women's age was 20-24 years, and 30% graduated from primary school. Nearly two-thirds of them were in the second trimester. More than one-third of them have two to three living children. Nearly two-thirds of women have poor knowledge levels about physical exercise during pregnancy, but most of them have a positive attitude. There is a significant relationship between pregnant women's knowledge and attitude.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study indicated that most of the study sample had poor knowledge regarding physical exercise during pregnancy. However, they have a positive attitude toward physical exercise during pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Health Promotion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10979779/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140335837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_323_23
Vahid Ghanbari, Leili Rostamnia, Nasir Amanat
Vaccination is one of the best strategies to control a pandemic. Although there is much research evidence of its effectiveness, a small percentage of people would not incubate the vaccine. After starting vaccination of healthcare workers as the first group in Iran, there were many debates and concerns regarding the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine and its long-term side effects among them. In this investigation, the impact of these disagreements on the relationship of a nurse couple has been presented. The wife believed that people should incubate the COVID-19 vaccine as soon as possible and the man was anti-vaxxer and he believed that COVID-19 vaccines are not safe and it should be refused. After that, the wife got the COVID-19 vaccine, and their difference in views led to marital conflicts and disturbance in the function of the family. This case study was approved by the Research Council and Ethics Committee of Semnan University of Medical Science. Vaccine refusing could have complicated effects on a community and family. There should be a plan to assess families' function and apply it in the case of disturbance in families' function. Moreover, several strategies should be implemented to persuade anti-vaxxers.
{"title":"Marital conflict of a nurse family following COVID-19 vaccinations: A case studying.","authors":"Vahid Ghanbari, Leili Rostamnia, Nasir Amanat","doi":"10.4103/jehp.jehp_323_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jehp.jehp_323_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vaccination is one of the best strategies to control a pandemic. Although there is much research evidence of its effectiveness, a small percentage of people would not incubate the vaccine. After starting vaccination of healthcare workers as the first group in Iran, there were many debates and concerns regarding the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine and its long-term side effects among them. In this investigation, the impact of these disagreements on the relationship of a nurse couple has been presented. The wife believed that people should incubate the COVID-19 vaccine as soon as possible and the man was anti-vaxxer and he believed that COVID-19 vaccines are not safe and it should be refused. After that, the wife got the COVID-19 vaccine, and their difference in views led to marital conflicts and disturbance in the function of the family. This case study was approved by the Research Council and Ethics Committee of Semnan University of Medical Science. Vaccine refusing could have complicated effects on a community and family. There should be a plan to assess families' function and apply it in the case of disturbance in families' function. Moreover, several strategies should be implemented to persuade anti-vaxxers.</p>","PeriodicalId":15581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Health Promotion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10979784/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140335801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1020_22
Lida Saboktakin
Background: Developmental delay in preterm infants in different geographical areas has different risk factors. The present research was a large study aiming to assess developmental delay in preterm infants during the first 12 months after birth and its risk factors in northwest Iran (with multiethnic texture).
Materials and methods: Eight hundred and seventy preterm infants (25 to 36 weeks; up to 12 months) were included in this descriptive-analytical study from the beginning of 2019 to the end of 2021 in northwest Iran by the convenient sampling method. Patients' basic and medical information was recorded in the data collection form, and the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) was used to assess children's developmental status.
Results: The prevalence of developmental delay in this study was 26.4%. Regarding demographic characteristics such as age, height (at birth and one year of age), weight (at birth and one year of age), Apgar score (first and twentieth minutes), duration of ventilator connection, comorbidities and complications after birth, and breastfeeding during the first year of life, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups of infants with and without developmental delay. Breastfeeding during the first 12 months after birth alone could have the power to predict developmental delay in preterm infants.
Conclusion: Breastfeeding in the first year of life is considered one of the most important predictors of normal development in preterm infants. Therefore, encouraging the parents of these infants to breastfeed their infants at birth can be a positive step in improving the quality of life of these infants in the future.
{"title":"Developmental delay in preterm infants during the first twelve months after birth and its risk factors.","authors":"Lida Saboktakin","doi":"10.4103/jehp.jehp_1020_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jehp.jehp_1020_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Developmental delay in preterm infants in different geographical areas has different risk factors. The present research was a large study aiming to assess developmental delay in preterm infants during the first 12 months after birth and its risk factors in northwest Iran (with multiethnic texture).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Eight hundred and seventy preterm infants (25 to 36 weeks; up to 12 months) were included in this descriptive-analytical study from the beginning of 2019 to the end of 2021 in northwest Iran by the convenient sampling method. Patients' basic and medical information was recorded in the data collection form, and the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) was used to assess children's developmental status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of developmental delay in this study was 26.4%. Regarding demographic characteristics such as age, height (at birth and one year of age), weight (at birth and one year of age), Apgar score (first and twentieth minutes), duration of ventilator connection, comorbidities and complications after birth, and breastfeeding during the first year of life, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups of infants with and without developmental delay. Breastfeeding during the first 12 months after birth alone could have the power to predict developmental delay in preterm infants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Breastfeeding in the first year of life is considered one of the most important predictors of normal development in preterm infants. Therefore, encouraging the parents of these infants to breastfeed their infants at birth can be a positive step in improving the quality of life of these infants in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":15581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Health Promotion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10977638/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140318430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_793_23
K Jeyalakshmi, Elsa S Devi, Mahadev Rao, Y N Shashidhara, Girish Thunga
Background: Compliance with diet, exercise regimen, and medication is vital to maintain an acceptable range of blood pressure and glycemic level among elderly with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. However, these are considered to be more challenging tasks among elderly. The aim of this study is to identify dietary and exercise compliance among elderly with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus and to find its influencing factors.
Materials and methods: The community-based survey was done in rural areas of five randomly selected clusters of primary health centers (PHC) using PPS sampling technique. After ethical clearance, a total of 360 consented participants residing in selected clusters were interviewed using pre-designed rating scale and questionnaire on dietary and exercise compliance, respectively. In this study, compliance refers to practicing prescribed diet and exercise regimen regularly by the elderly with HTN and T2DM. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0.
Results: Eighty percent (n = 287) of study participants had moderate adherence to diet and only, 37.8% (n = 136) of them practice physical exercise. A Chi-square test report confirmed that there is a significant association (P < 0.05) between dietary compliance and level of education, occupation, family income, procurement of insurance, poor memory, multiple functional impairments, duration of hypertensive, and diabetes illness. Exercise compliance is influenced by factors such as gender, level of education, family income, and procurement of insurance (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Adherence to diet and exercise among elderly with chronic conditions are influenced by various socio-demographic or environmental, poor health or physiological and cognition or psychological factors.
{"title":"Factors associated with dietary and exercise compliance among elderly with chronic conditions of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus residing in rural areas of coastal Karnataka: A community-based cross-sectional study.","authors":"K Jeyalakshmi, Elsa S Devi, Mahadev Rao, Y N Shashidhara, Girish Thunga","doi":"10.4103/jehp.jehp_793_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jehp.jehp_793_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Compliance with diet, exercise regimen, and medication is vital to maintain an acceptable range of blood pressure and glycemic level among elderly with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. However, these are considered to be more challenging tasks among elderly. The aim of this study is to identify dietary and exercise compliance among elderly with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus and to find its influencing factors.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The community-based survey was done in rural areas of five randomly selected clusters of primary health centers (PHC) using PPS sampling technique. After ethical clearance, a total of 360 consented participants residing in selected clusters were interviewed using pre-designed rating scale and questionnaire on dietary and exercise compliance, respectively. In this study, compliance refers to practicing prescribed diet and exercise regimen regularly by the elderly with HTN and T2DM. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty percent (<i>n</i> = 287) of study participants had moderate adherence to diet and only, 37.8% (<i>n</i> = 136) of them practice physical exercise. A Chi-square test report confirmed that there is a significant association (<i>P</i> < 0.05) between dietary compliance and level of education, occupation, family income, procurement of insurance, poor memory, multiple functional impairments, duration of hypertensive, and diabetes illness. Exercise compliance is influenced by factors such as gender, level of education, family income, and procurement of insurance (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adherence to diet and exercise among elderly with chronic conditions are influenced by various socio-demographic or environmental, poor health or physiological and cognition or psychological factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":15581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Health Promotion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10977631/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140318406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Vaccination is a quick, safe, and effective way to avoid contracting hazardous diseases, but it often causes pain and discomfort. Various pharmacological and non-pharmacological pain management techniques are used to treat pain. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of breastfeeding, musical therapy, and oral sucrose in infant's pain relief during pentavalent vaccination.
Materials and methods: A quasi-experimental posttest-only research design was used. A total of 150 infants were enrolled using the purposive sampling technique (50 in the breastfeeding, 50 in the musical therapy, and 50 in the oral sucrose groups) coming for the first, second, and third doses of pentavalent vaccination. The data were collected using observation and the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS). The results were calculated by descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: The study revealed that half of the infants in the breastfeeding group felt severe pain, whereas the majority of infants in the musical therapy and oral sucrose groups felt severe pain during pentavalent vaccination. The median pain score in breastfeeding, musical therapy, and oral sucrose was 4.50, 6, and 7, respectively. Breastfeeding was significantly different from both musical therapy and oral sucrose in terms of pain scores. However, no significant difference was observed between musical therapy and oral sucrose. Overall, the results indicate that breastfeeding had a distinct impact on pain relief during pentavalent vaccination compared with the other interventions, while musical therapy and oral sucrose did not differ significantly in their effectiveness.
Conclusion: The study concluded that breastfeeding is a safe, reliable, cost-effective, and easily accessible method to relieve an infant's pain during pentavalent vaccination. It is a simple method to alleviate pain among infants during vaccination.
{"title":"Comparison of breastfeeding, music therapy, and oral sucrose's impact on pain relief among infants during pentavalent vaccination.","authors":"Harwinder Kaur, Gopal Singh Charan, Ravneet Kaur, Gursharn Singh Narang, Mandeep Singh Khurana","doi":"10.4103/jehp.jehp_860_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jehp.jehp_860_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vaccination is a quick, safe, and effective way to avoid contracting hazardous diseases, but it often causes pain and discomfort. Various pharmacological and non-pharmacological pain management techniques are used to treat pain. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of breastfeeding, musical therapy, and oral sucrose in infant's pain relief during pentavalent vaccination.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A quasi-experimental posttest-only research design was used. A total of 150 infants were enrolled using the purposive sampling technique (50 in the breastfeeding, 50 in the musical therapy, and 50 in the oral sucrose groups) coming for the first, second, and third doses of pentavalent vaccination. The data were collected using observation and the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS). The results were calculated by descriptive and inferential statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed that half of the infants in the breastfeeding group felt severe pain, whereas the majority of infants in the musical therapy and oral sucrose groups felt severe pain during pentavalent vaccination. The median pain score in breastfeeding, musical therapy, and oral sucrose was 4.50, 6, and 7, respectively. Breastfeeding was significantly different from both musical therapy and oral sucrose in terms of pain scores. However, no significant difference was observed between musical therapy and oral sucrose. Overall, the results indicate that breastfeeding had a distinct impact on pain relief during pentavalent vaccination compared with the other interventions, while musical therapy and oral sucrose did not differ significantly in their effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study concluded that breastfeeding is a safe, reliable, cost-effective, and easily accessible method to relieve an infant's pain during pentavalent vaccination. It is a simple method to alleviate pain among infants during vaccination.</p>","PeriodicalId":15581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Health Promotion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10977635/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140318428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1524_22
Yuvappreya Krishnamurthy, Nishanthi Anandabaskar, Vinayagamoorthy Venugopal, Mourouguessine Vimal, M Shanthi
Background: Inappropriate handling of biomedical waste (BMW) may pose serious threats to the health of patients and hospital personnel. Among all healthcare workers, staff nurses play a vital role in BMW management (BMWM). Thus, the present study aimed to determine the predictors of BMWM practices among staff nurses of a tertiary care teaching hospital in India.
Materials and methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 staff nurses, working at a tertiary care teaching hospital in South India, from July to August 2018. Data were collected using a pretested, semi-structured, and self-administered questionnaire after taking their written informed consent. Regression analysis was carried out to identify the predictors of satisfactory BMWM practice status.
Results: Of the total 150 staff nurses, most of them were young females with a work experience of ≤ 5 years. Concerning knowledge scores, most staff nurses (63.3%) belonged to the moderate category, whereas a few (24%) were in the high category. Also, most of them (62.7%) were in the high category of attitude scores. For practice scores, half of the participants were in moderate and high categories, each. Female gender, attended training status, and moderate and high knowledge scores were significantly associated with satisfactory BMWM scores in unadjusted analysis. After adjusting for other independent variables, all these three factors were found significantly associated with satisfactory BMWM practice scores.
Conclusion: The present study shows that the female gender, attending training in BMWM, and having a moderate and high knowledge of BMWM were significant predictors of satisfactory BMWM practice among staff nurses. Thus, all hospitals must periodically train their staff nurses to strengthen their BMWM practices. Safe BMWM leads to environmental protection and safeguards the health of patients, hospital personnel, and the public.
{"title":"Predictors of biomedical waste management practices among staff nurses of a tertiary care teaching hospital in India.","authors":"Yuvappreya Krishnamurthy, Nishanthi Anandabaskar, Vinayagamoorthy Venugopal, Mourouguessine Vimal, M Shanthi","doi":"10.4103/jehp.jehp_1524_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jehp.jehp_1524_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inappropriate handling of biomedical waste (BMW) may pose serious threats to the health of patients and hospital personnel. Among all healthcare workers, staff nurses play a vital role in BMW management (BMWM). Thus, the present study aimed to determine the predictors of BMWM practices among staff nurses of a tertiary care teaching hospital in India.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 staff nurses, working at a tertiary care teaching hospital in South India, from July to August 2018. Data were collected using a pretested, semi-structured, and self-administered questionnaire after taking their written informed consent. Regression analysis was carried out to identify the predictors of satisfactory BMWM practice status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the total 150 staff nurses, most of them were young females with a work experience of ≤ 5 years. Concerning knowledge scores, most staff nurses (63.3%) belonged to the moderate category, whereas a few (24%) were in the high category. Also, most of them (62.7%) were in the high category of attitude scores. For practice scores, half of the participants were in moderate and high categories, each. Female gender, attended training status, and moderate and high knowledge scores were significantly associated with satisfactory BMWM scores in unadjusted analysis. After adjusting for other independent variables, all these three factors were found significantly associated with satisfactory BMWM practice scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study shows that the female gender, attending training in BMWM, and having a moderate and high knowledge of BMWM were significant predictors of satisfactory BMWM practice among staff nurses. Thus, all hospitals must periodically train their staff nurses to strengthen their BMWM practices. Safe BMWM leads to environmental protection and safeguards the health of patients, hospital personnel, and the public.</p>","PeriodicalId":15581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Health Promotion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10979785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140335803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_318_23
K Thanmaya Divya, Vijay R Chidrawar, Pradeep Kumar Bhupalam, Shruti Shiromwar, Ahmed M Aljameeli, G Vyshnavi, I Sai Reddama, Vishali Boreddy
Background: India suffers a quarter of the global burden of cervical cancer (CC) but is controllable by taking some precautions. The major issue is the low amount of participation among women in screening and vaccination for disease. The objective of the research is to evaluate knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding CC among college going students residing in the Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh-India.
Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 380 subjects whose ages ranged from 15 to 25 and older. The questionnaires were circulated through google forms. The socio-demographic variables and KAP levels are represented by descriptive statistics. The Chi-square test is used to determine the relationship between sociodemographic factors and KAP levels.
Results: Among 380 subjects, 172 (54.7%) are aware of CC, 71% have poor knowledge, and 20% have good knowledge about CC. More than three-fourths of women 374 (98.4%) are not having regular practice towards CC.
Conclusion: The awareness about CC is very low in the population, so prevention of CC relies on routine screening, proper vaccination, and treatment. Awareness programs and promoting knowledge about cervical health in social media are required.
背景:印度的宫颈癌(CC)发病率占全球的四分之一,但通过采取一些预防措施是可以控制的。主要问题是妇女参与疾病筛查和疫苗接种的人数较少。本研究的目的是评估居住在印度安得拉邦拉亚拉塞马地区的大学生对宫颈癌的认识、态度和做法(KAP):对年龄在 15 至 25 岁之间的 380 名受试者进行了横断面研究。问卷通过谷歌表格分发。社会人口变量和 KAP 水平通过描述性统计来表示。采用卡方检验来确定社会人口学因素与 KAP 水平之间的关系:在 380 名受试者中,172 人(54.7%)了解妇科炎症,71% 的受试者对妇科炎症知之甚少,20% 的受试者对妇科炎症有较好的了解。超过四分之三的女性(374 人,占 98.4%)没有定期进行妇科保健:结论:人们对宫颈癌的认知度非常低,因此预防宫颈癌主要依靠常规筛查、适当的疫苗接种和治疗。因此,预防宫颈癌需要依靠常规筛查、适当的疫苗接种和治疗。需要开展提高认识计划,并在社交媒体上宣传宫颈健康知识。
{"title":"Assessment of knowledge and attitude of cervical cancer among the youths in the Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh - India.","authors":"K Thanmaya Divya, Vijay R Chidrawar, Pradeep Kumar Bhupalam, Shruti Shiromwar, Ahmed M Aljameeli, G Vyshnavi, I Sai Reddama, Vishali Boreddy","doi":"10.4103/jehp.jehp_318_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jehp.jehp_318_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>India suffers a quarter of the global burden of cervical cancer (CC) but is controllable by taking some precautions. The major issue is the low amount of participation among women in screening and vaccination for disease. The objective of the research is to evaluate knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding CC among college going students residing in the Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh-India.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 380 subjects whose ages ranged from 15 to 25 and older. The questionnaires were circulated through google forms. The socio-demographic variables and KAP levels are represented by descriptive statistics. The Chi-square test is used to determine the relationship between sociodemographic factors and KAP levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 380 subjects, 172 (54.7%) are aware of CC, 71% have poor knowledge, and 20% have good knowledge about CC. More than three-fourths of women 374 (98.4%) are not having regular practice towards CC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The awareness about CC is very low in the population, so prevention of CC relies on routine screening, proper vaccination, and treatment. Awareness programs and promoting knowledge about cervical health in social media are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":15581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Health Promotion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10979777/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140335834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}