Journal of Education and Health Promotion最新文献

Background: Chemotherapeutic drugs (CDs) have been used for many years in cancer treatment. During preparation, transportation, administration, and disposal of chemotherapy waste and bodily fluids, nurses' health is at risk due to improper handling of CDs. Nurses are usually inexperienced and lack knowledge regarding containment and disposal of spills.

Materials and methods: A quasi-experimental design was adopted for the study. Data were collected from 117 nurses divided into experimental (n = 59) and comparison (n = 58) group. Intervention was given to experimental group comprising of 1 hour theoretical teaching and 20 minutes duration simulation-aided hands-on sessions on chemotherapy administration.

Result: The study findings showed that the mean post-test competency (44.31 ± 4.39), knowledge (20.69 ± 2.54), skills (15.42 ± 2.09), and clinical decision-making ability (8.19 ± 1.25) scores of nurses in experimental group were higher than the mean-post-test competency (15.17 ± 3.01), knowledge (6.26 ± 2.87), skills (8.34 ± 0.71), and clinical decision-making ability (0.57 ± 0.77) scores in comparison group.

Conclusion: Simulation-based learning on safe administration of cytotoxic drugs was effective in enhancing the competency of nurses.

Background: Chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) significantly impacts physical, mental, and social well-being, necessitating an integrated biopsychosocial (BPS) approach to enhance outcomes. Despite its potential, implementation challenges persist in physiotherapy practices. This study evaluated the efficacy and implementation outcomes of a BPS-based comprehensive pain management (CPM) protocol.

Materials and methods: A prospective interventional study included 38 patients with CMP who underwent 16 structured sessions over eight weeks. Outcome measures included the Global Rate of Change (GROC) and the Short Assessment of Patient Satisfaction (SAPS). Implementation feedback was collected using the Acceptability of Intervention Measure (AIM), Intervention Appropriateness Measure (IAM), and Feasibility of Intervention Measure (FIM) after the intervention. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS v25, Armonk, Newyork, USA with significance at P < 0.05.

Results: Participants reported improved well-being (GROC: 3.84 ± 0.97) and high satisfaction (SAPS: 21.6 ± 2.39). Patients rated acceptance, appropriateness, and feasibility positively (AIM: 15.55 ± 2.27; IAM: 16.03 ± 2.16; FIM: 15.26 ± 2.26). Therapists concurred, with strong agreement across measures (mode = 4/5). No adverse effects were reported.

Conclusion: The BPS-based CPM protocol effectively addresses CMP, achieving high patient satisfaction and acceptance. Its structured framework offers a promising strategy for broader clinical application. The findings align with existing evidence advocating for psychologically informed physical therapy and self-management strategies.

Background: Breast cancer is a global public health problem, the most common disease among women. Perceptions of screening vary across regions, cultures, and socio-economic groups, influencing their health decisions and behaviors. The objective of this study was to analyze perceptions and factors influencing breast cancer screening among women, community leaders, caregivers, and health care providers in Burkina Faso in 2024.

Material and methods: This was an exploratory qualitative study involving different groups of participants. It involved analyzing perceptions through individual interviews and exploring factors that influence the misperception of breast cancer screening and protective factors for breast cancer screening using the Photovoice method. The principle of saturation was adopted to determine the sample size. The collection was stopped when it no longer provided new evidence. In the end, 57 participants were included in this study.

Results: Participants were aged 21-52, with a median age of 36.5 years. The analysis showed that the perception of breast cancer screening was influenced by multiple factors such as ignorance, social stigma, high cost of medical examinations and care, lack of awareness campaigns and information, and accessibility of screening centres. Protective factors influencing breast cancer screening perception identified were the belief in the importance of early detection, screening media coverage, awareness and subsidies for examinations and treatments.

Conclusion: The results indicate that comprehensive health promotion strategies are necessary to improve this perception. These various initiatives can reduce the prejudices associated with breast cancer, thereby encouraging greater participation in screening.

Background: Spiritual care is a component of nursing that aims to enhance and expedite the patient's healing process. It involves the nurse identifying the patient's personal values, social interactions, and psychological requirements. Thus, the present study was designed to investigate the effect of the online system spiritual therapies program on the attitude and competency of nurses working in the ICUs who provide spiritual healing.

Materials and methods: This study was quasi-experimentally on 50 ICU nurses in Ilam County in 2023 with a convenience sampling method which was allocated by randomization allocation software to group intervention and control groups. The participants in the intervention group received online educational sessions for six weeks which contained group discussions, quizzes, care plans, and spiritual services. Participants in the control group didn't receive any intervention. Spiritual Care Competence Scale (SCCS) and the Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale (SSCRS) were filled out before and four weeks after the intervention. Data were analyzed with a standard error of 0.05 with Kolmogorov-Smironov, independent t, paired t, Chi-square, and ANCOVA by SPSS V.16.

Results: Before the intervention, no considerable disparities were observed between the two groups, but after it, the mean and standard SCCS and SSCRS scores in the intervention group compared to the control group were considerably meaningful (P < 0.001).

Conclusion: Using online system spiritual therapy improves attitude and competency about spiritual care in the nurses work in ICU who provide spiritual healing. It is suggested that implement this approach in the ICU nurses for spiritual therapies and healing process.

Pregnancy is a unique experience for every woman, but it is not always easy. A good health indicator in the country is reduced maternal mortality and morbidity. How mindfulness affects maternal mental health parameters such as stress, anxiety, and depression has been well documented. However, their impact on maternal physiological parameters has not been explored much, which is the primary goal of this scoping review. Three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Embase) were searched to identify studies involving maternal physiological parameters that have been intensively studied globally. The population included pregnant women, and the outcomes were that their physiological parameters were affected by mindfulness as an intervention. A total of 276 duplicates were deduplicated from the 777 retrieved records, 497 articles underwent screening, and six studies that satisfied the inclusion criteria were added for review. Among the maternal physiological parameters that were examined in the clinical trials were serum markers, blood pressure levels, heart rate variability, salivary cortisol levels, body mass index, HbA1c, respiratory rate, glucose tolerance test, fasting, and postprandial blood sugar profiles. This scoping review map revealed that very few maternal physiological parameters have been studied in detail. Efficacy is demonstrated via blood pressure, cortisol levels, heart rate variability, and blood glucose parameters. Nevertheless, it is difficult to determine whether the effects are pregnancy-related or are the consequence of typical physiological changes during pregnancy. Hence, extensive research is needed to explore the impact of mindfulness because a few clinical trials have been conducted.

Despite all attempts, postpartum intrauterine contraceptive device (PPIUCD) acceptability in India, particularly in rural regions, is quite less. The acceptance of PPIUCD may be greatly improved by counseling provided during prenatal visits. The objective is to determine the aspects of the adoption right away PPIUCD instillation in females who received prenatal and after-delivery counseling, taking into account their sociodemographic and obstetric features as well as their future plans for getting pregnant. Relevant research were found using scoping review format from database searches like Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. 21 papers were found during database searches. A meta-synthesis method and additional case-control research were conducted in a highly specialized care facility were used for synthesizing the results. Compilation of data extracted from previous studies done which showed the effect of counseling on acceptance of PPIUCD in the Antenatal period as compared to routine counseling form which the conclusion of the present study is made. The acceptance of PPIUCD as a choice of contraception is low among women. When focused counseling is done using systematic charts and models then the acceptance increases significantly but is still low. When followed up to 1 year, PPIUCD is a safe contraceptive choice. The reason behind not accepting IUCD is mostly misconceptions. More awareness programs should be conducted for women and families, should be invited to awareness campaigns regarding contraceptive methods.

Background: Uncontrolled hypertension is a critical preventable risk factor for cardiovascular events. This study evaluated the impact of educational interventions based on the constructs of the enhanced Pender health promotion model (EPHPM) on medication adherence and low-salt diet adoption in patients with uncontrolled hypertension in Ahvaz, Iran.

Materials and methods: The present study is a randomized clinical trial conducted from April to October 2024 among 130 patients with uncontrolled hypertension, who were covered by the health centers of East, West, and Karun districts in the city of Ahvaz. Participants were selected from men and women aged 18-70 years who had electronic health records in the Sib system and did not have controlled blood pressure (blood pressure <140/90 mmHg). They were chosen using simple random sampling and divided into two groups: the intervention group (65 participants) and the control group (65 participants). In the intervention group, educational content was delivered through group training sessions, group discussion sessions, and face-to-face question-and-answer sessions, as well as in group meetings (17-23 participants). For the delivery of educational content (short videos and text messages) during the follow-up phase, participants in the intervention group were divided into two groups: WhatsApp (40 participants) and Eita (25 participants). During the period between the educational sessions and the post-test, necessary reminders and follow-ups regarding medication adherence and the consumption of healthy, low-salt foods were conducted based on the constructs of the EPHPM. Data were collected using a researcher-developed questionnaire in two stages: pre-test and post-test (3 months after the intervention). Independent t-test, paired t-test, Chi-square test, and analysis of variance were used to analyze the data.

Results: The findings of the study revealed that, after the educational intervention, a significant difference was observed in the mean scores of the following constructs between the intervention and control groups regarding adherence to a healthy, low-salt diet: perceived susceptibility (P ˂ 0.001, MD = 1.835), perceived severity (P ˂ 0.001, MD = 1.993), perceived barriers (P ˂ 0.001, MD = 1.061), perceived self-efficacy (P ˂ 0.045, MD = 2.790), interpersonal influences (P ˂ 0.001, MD = 1.611), and commitment to action (P ˂ 0.001, MD = 3.143).

Conclusion: The educational intervention based on the constructs of the EPHPM led to the promotion of treatment adherence, the adoption of a healthy, low-salt diet, and blood pressure control among patients with hypertension.

Background: The present study aims to assess morbidities among babies born by elective or planned cesarean section (CS) and to compare the results with neonatal outcomes of normal vaginal delivery.

Materials and methods: A prospective, hospital-based study was carried out at maternity teaching hospitals, Al-Khansia Hospital, Al Salam, and Mosul General Hospital in the city of Mosul. Women who had admitted to the hospitals for delivery were included in the study with verbal consent, and term newborns with a gestational age of more than 37 weeks were the main outcome variables of interest. The 205 deliveries at Mosul City's maternity hospitals that made up the research sample included 120 CS deliveries and 85 vaginal deliveries. Only after providing verbal consent were women who went to the hospital for childbirth included in the study; those born prematurely or whose mothers experienced health problems during pregnancy were excluded. The required information was gathered at the time of admission through interviews and chart reviews. All neonatal outcomes for infants admitted to the intensive care unit were documented, and follow-up was conducted from the patient's arrival at the hospital until their discharge. Data from the study were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 26. The study sample's demographics were displayed using descriptive statistics, and the potential differences in neonatal outcomes between CSs and standard delivery methods were assessed using a statistical test (Chi-X2).

Results: During the study period, 205 deliveries were performed at maternity teaching hospitals in Mosul city, 58.53% of them were performed through CS, and the rest (41.4%) of them were via normal vaginal delivery. There was a significant difference between the two groups (P value: 0.000), with respiratory distress developing in 44.2% of neonates born through CS and only 11.8% of neonates born naturally.

Conclusion: The study's conclusions showed that there was a considerable risk of poor neonatal outcomes following planned or elective CSs. Additionally, compared to babies delivered vaginally, babies born via CSs had a higher risk of respiratory distress and longer stays in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Background: The epidemics had effects on psychological, social, and economic conditions and has caused changes in the health service. The experience of caring for patients with acute respiratory diseases shows that the evaluation and care of these patients is expensive and requires a lot of facilities and manpower Therefore, this study was conducted to explain the process of home care in patients with COVID-19.

Materials and methods: The study was conducted during the years 2021-2023 by building a conceptual model using the grounded theory approach. The participants were purposefully selected among the patients with COVID-19 who had experienced home care. To collect data, semi-structured and in-depth individual interviews were used, and to analyze the interviews, five stages of analysis based on continuous comparison were used; Open coding, development of concepts according to their characteristics and dimensions, data analysis for context, entering the process into the analysis and integration of classes were used. To verify the data, the strategies of reliability, transferability, verifiability, consolidation, and reflectivity were used.

Results: 16 participants participated in this study and a total of 18 interviews were conducted. The interview was conducted for 12 months in the year 2022 and the time of the interviews lasted an average 60 minutes. In the analysis of the interviews, 4 main themes; Contextual factors, causal factors, strategies, and consequences were extracted, using which the conceptual model was designed.

Conclusion: Care provided by informal home requires informed and planned support. The health system should prioritize self-care and care of sick people during epidemics, and health promotion experts should continuously provide necessary training according to the conditions of communicable diseases in society.

Background: Epidemics create chaotic situations in health services. Understanding different perspectives about nursing competencies during epidemics can help designing better educational and interventional programs to prepare nurses for future epidemics. The aim of the present study was to investigate nurses' perspectives on required competencies of nurses during epidemics using Q methodology.

Materials and methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted using Q methodology and carried out from September 2023 to February 2024 in general hospital of Kashan, IRAN. Twenty-four nurses who were involved in management of COVID-19 patients were recruited to the study by purposive sampling. Participants sorted 72 statements from -6 to + 6 that showed their viewpoints about the least to the most important required nursing competencies during epidemics. The Q factor analysis was used to cluster the distinguished viewpoints with PQ-Method 2.35 and KADE software using centroid factor analysis and Varimax rotation.

Results: Considering eigenvalues and factor loadings, the 3-factor solution was recognized as the best fit for the data that represented 3 viewpoints of competencies related to working in ICUs, competencies related to infection control and basic skills, and competencies based on dedication and working beyond the routine duties.

Conclusions: This study showed that nurses require wide range of competencies during epidemics such as ability to work in ICUs, basic nursing skills, and working in hard conditions. Nurses have different viewpoints about the importance of these competencies. These viewpoints can help nurse managers and instructors to prepare nurses for future epidemics.