Complications, such as postoperative pneumonia, can occur after pediatric cardiac surgery; however, studies on related changes in perioperative oral bacterial counts are scarce. Herein, we investigated the changes in oral bacterial counts before and after surgery in infants who underwent cardiac surgery, as well as after oral care using an antiseptic mouthwash.
Materials and methods
A total of 102 infants who underwent congenital heart disease surgery were enrolled in this study. Preoperative oral care was provided using water and a sponge brush. Bacterial cultures were used to determine salivary bacterial counts before and after oral care. Postoperatively, the infants were randomized into a water group (WA group), benzethonium chloride mouthwash group (BZ group), or povidone-iodine mouthwash group (PV–I group), and their salivary bacterial counts, before and after oral care, were measured.
Results
The preoperative salivary bacterial colony counts did not change after oral care; however, the postoperative bacterial counts were significantly lower, possibly because of the use of systemic antibiotics. Bacterial counts before and after oral care were not significantly different between the WA and BZ groups; however, bacterial counts were significantly decreased in the PV-I group after oral care.
Conclusion
Overall, the results of this study show that systemic administration of antibiotics reduces postoperative salivary bacterial counts in infants undergoing cardiac surgery, and oral care with PV-I can further reduce bacterial counts.
{"title":"Oral care methods to reduce salivary bacteria in infants undergoing cardiac surgery: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Hiromi Honda , Madoka Funahara , Kanako Nose , Megumi Aoki , Sakiko Soutome , Kenichi Yanagita , Atsuko Nakamichi","doi":"10.1016/j.jds.2024.07.035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jds.2024.07.035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/purpose</h3><div>Complications, such as postoperative pneumonia, can occur after pediatric cardiac surgery; however, studies on related changes in perioperative oral bacterial counts are scarce. Herein, we investigated the changes in oral bacterial counts before and after surgery in infants who underwent cardiac surgery, as well as after oral care using an antiseptic mouthwash.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A total of 102 infants who underwent congenital heart disease surgery were enrolled in this study. Preoperative oral care was provided using water and a sponge brush. Bacterial cultures were used to determine salivary bacterial counts before and after oral care. Postoperatively, the infants were randomized into a water group (WA group), benzethonium chloride mouthwash group (BZ group), or povidone-iodine mouthwash group (PV–I group), and their salivary bacterial counts, before and after oral care, were measured.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The preoperative salivary bacterial colony counts did not change after oral care; however, the postoperative bacterial counts were significantly lower, possibly because of the use of systemic antibiotics. Bacterial counts before and after oral care were not significantly different between the WA and BZ groups; however, bacterial counts were significantly decreased in the PV-I group after oral care.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Overall, the results of this study show that systemic administration of antibiotics reduces postoperative salivary bacterial counts in infants undergoing cardiac surgery, and oral care with PV-I can further reduce bacterial counts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15583,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"Pages 248-253"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11762603/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143052660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Revascularization procedures are used over apexification to treat teeth with necrotic pulp tissues and incomplete root formation. Clinically, inducing proliferation, migration, matrix deposition, and differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) are critical for pulp regeneration. The study aimed to elucidate the impact of bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) on plasminogen activation molecules and the osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of SCAPs, as well as understand the related signaling mechanisms.
Materials and methods
SCAPs were exposed to BMP-4 with or without signal transduction inhibitors. Cell viability was assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. mRNA levels were quantified using real-time PCR. Protein expression in SCAPs was analyzed through immunofluorescent staining or western blotting. Cellular protein production was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results
BMP-4 induced suppressor of mother against decapentaplegic (Smad)1/5/8 and Smad2/3 phosphorylation and activation. It also promoted higher expression of osteogenic and odontogenic markers, including Osterix, N-cadherin, and secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), in SCAPs. Additionally, BMP-4 stimulated connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) expression, but inhibited uPA expression and production in SCAPs, indicating its role in matrix remodeling and cell migration. Inhibition of Smad2/3 with SB431542 and Smad1/5/8 with LDN193189 attenuated the BMP-4-induced expression Osx, N-cadherin, CTGF, SPARC, uPAR and PAI-1.
Conclusion
These results indicate that BMP-4 stimulates the osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation of SCAPs by regulating matrix turnover and mineralization-related proteins. Furthermore, these processes are associated with the induction of Smad2/3 and Smad1/5/8 of SCAPs by BMP-4.
{"title":"Bone morphogenetic protein-4 induced matrix turnover and osteogenic differentiation-related molecules of stem cells from apical papilla and its associated ALK/Smad signaling","authors":"Mei-Chi Chang , Yi-Chi Chao , Yi-Chieh Chen , Hsueh-Wei Chang , Bor-Hao Zhong , Yu-Hwa Pan , Jiiang-Huei Jeng , Hsiao-Hua Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.jds.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jds.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/purpose</h3><div>Revascularization procedures are used over apexification to treat teeth with necrotic pulp tissues and incomplete root formation. Clinically, inducing proliferation, migration, matrix deposition, and differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) are critical for pulp regeneration. The study aimed to elucidate the impact of bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) on plasminogen activation molecules and the osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of SCAPs, as well as understand the related signaling mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>SCAPs were exposed to BMP-4 with or without signal transduction inhibitors. Cell viability was assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. mRNA levels were quantified using real-time PCR. Protein expression in SCAPs was analyzed through immunofluorescent staining or western blotting. Cellular protein production was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>BMP-4 induced suppressor of mother against decapentaplegic (Smad)1/5/8 and Smad2/3 phosphorylation and activation. It also promoted higher expression of osteogenic and odontogenic markers, including Osterix, N-cadherin, and secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), in SCAPs. Additionally, BMP-4 stimulated connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) expression, but inhibited uPA expression and production in SCAPs, indicating its role in matrix remodeling and cell migration. Inhibition of Smad2/3 with SB431542 and Smad1/5/8 with LDN193189 attenuated the BMP-4-induced expression Osx, N-cadherin, CTGF, SPARC, uPAR and PAI-1.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These results indicate that BMP-4 stimulates the osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation of SCAPs by regulating matrix turnover and mineralization-related proteins. Furthermore, these processes are associated with the induction of Smad2/3 and Smad1/5/8 of SCAPs by BMP-4.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15583,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"Pages 646-659"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11762932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143052723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2024.08.015
Min-Hsun Hsu , Yu-Chao Chang
Background/Purpose
The advent of digital technologies has significantly transformed the current dentistry, particularly in the fabrication of removable dental prostheses. A bibliometric analysis of literature may provide a direction of research hotspots and future trends in this field.
Materials and methods
Data were retrieved from Web of Science database for the analysis of literature on digital technologies for removable dental prostheses. Microsoft Excel was used for the descriptive statistics. VOSviewer was deployed for the analysis of published articles.
Results
A total of 457 published documents were identified from 2004 to 2023. The most frequently published article type was original article (n = 262, 57.33%). The number of annual publications and citations significantly increased from 2004 to 2023, respectively (P for trend <0.001). In addition, the significant increased number of publications and citations pre year affected by COVID-19 pandemic were noted (P < 0.002). Most articles were published in Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry (n = 141, 30.85%). The computer-aided design (CAD)/computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) and 3D printing technique were the frequent emphasized keywords in digital technologies for removable dental prostheses.
Conclusion
This bibliometric analysis revealed a growing research interest and technological progress in digital technologies for removable dental prostheses during past two decades. The enhancement of accuracy by CAD/CAM and 3D printing suggests a promising future for the application of these technologies in dental practice.
背景/目的：数字化技术的出现极大地改变了当前的牙科，尤其是活动义齿的制作。文献计量学分析可为该领域的研究热点和未来趋势提供方向：从 Web of Science 数据库中检索数据，分析有关活动义齿数字化技术的文献。使用 Microsoft Excel 进行描述性统计。使用 VOSviewer 对发表的文章进行分析：结果：从 2004 年到 2023 年，共发现了 457 篇已发表的文献。最常发表的文章类型是原创文章（n = 262，57.33%）。从 2004 年到 2023 年，每年发表的文章数量和被引用的次数分别显著增加（P 为趋势 P 结论：文献计量学分析揭示了科研人员在科研领域中的重要作用：文献计量学分析表明，在过去二十年中，可摘义齿数字化技术的研究兴趣和技术进步日益增长。计算机辅助设计/计算机辅助制造（CAD/CAM）和三维打印技术提高了精确度，这表明这些技术在牙科实践中的应用前景广阔。
{"title":"The literature on digital technologies for removable dental prostheses: A two-decade bibliometric analysis","authors":"Min-Hsun Hsu , Yu-Chao Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.jds.2024.08.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jds.2024.08.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/Purpose</h3><div>The advent of digital technologies has significantly transformed the current dentistry, particularly in the fabrication of removable dental prostheses. A bibliometric analysis of literature may provide a direction of research hotspots and future trends in this field.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Data were retrieved from Web of Science database for the analysis of literature on digital technologies for removable dental prostheses. Microsoft Excel was used for the descriptive statistics. VOSviewer was deployed for the analysis of published articles.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 457 published documents were identified from 2004 to 2023. The most frequently published article type was original article (n = 262, 57.33%). The number of annual publications and citations significantly increased from 2004 to 2023, respectively (<em>P</em> for trend <0.001). In addition, the significant increased number of publications and citations pre year affected by COVID-19 pandemic were noted (<em>P</em> < 0.002). Most articles were published in Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry (n = 141, 30.85%). The computer-aided design (CAD)/computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) and 3D printing technique were the frequent emphasized keywords in digital technologies for removable dental prostheses.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This bibliometric analysis revealed a growing research interest and technological progress in digital technologies for removable dental prostheses during past two decades. The enhancement of accuracy by CAD/CAM and 3D printing suggests a promising future for the application of these technologies in dental practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15583,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"Pages 170-177"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11762245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143052787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In-vitro studies are essential for understanding cellular responses, but traditional culture systems often neglect the three-dimensional (3D) structure of real implants, leading to limitations in cellular recruitment and behavior largely governed by gravity. The objective of this study was to pioneer a novel 3D dynamic osteoblastic culture system for assessing the biological capabilities of dental implants in a more clinically and physiologically relevant manner.
Materials and methods
Rat bone marrow-derived osteoblasts were cultured in a 24-well dish with a vertically positioned dental implant. Controlled rotation using a 3D rotator with 3° tilts was applied. Cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation on implant surfaces were evaluated in response to different surface topographies, physicochemical properties, and local environments.
Results
Among the tested rotational speeds (0, 10, 30, 50 rpm), optimal osteoblast attachment and proliferation were observed at 30 rpm. A linear correlation was found between cell attachment and rotation speed up to 30 rpm, declining at 50 rpm. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralized matrix formation were elevated on newly acid-etched, hydrophilic surfaces compared to their 4-week-old hydrophobic surfaces. Sandblasted implants showed higher ALP activity and matrix mineralization. Adding N-acetyl cysteine to the culture medium increased ALP activity and mineralization.
Conclusion
Osteoblasts successfully attached, proliferated, and mineralized on dental implants in vitro under optimized dynamic conditions. This system differentiated the biological capabilities of implants with varying surface topographies, wettability, and biochemically modulated environments. These findings support developing a 3D dynamic dental implant culture model, advancing osseointegration research and innovating dental implant designs.
{"title":"Advancing osseointegration research: A dynamic three-dimensional (3D) in vitro culture model for dental implants","authors":"Keiji Komatsu , Denny Chao , Takanori Matsuura , Daisuke Kido , Takahiro Ogawa","doi":"10.1016/j.jds.2024.06.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jds.2024.06.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/purpose</h3><div><em>In-vitro</em> studies are essential for understanding cellular responses, but traditional culture systems often neglect the three-dimensional (3D) structure of real implants, leading to limitations in cellular recruitment and behavior largely governed by gravity. The objective of this study was to pioneer a novel 3D dynamic osteoblastic culture system for assessing the biological capabilities of dental implants in a more clinically and physiologically relevant manner.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Rat bone marrow-derived osteoblasts were cultured in a 24-well dish with a vertically positioned dental implant. Controlled rotation using a 3D rotator with 3° tilts was applied. Cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation on implant surfaces were evaluated in response to different surface topographies, physicochemical properties, and local environments.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the tested rotational speeds (0, 10, 30, 50 rpm), optimal osteoblast attachment and proliferation were observed at 30 rpm. A linear correlation was found between cell attachment and rotation speed up to 30 rpm, declining at 50 rpm. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralized matrix formation were elevated on newly acid-etched, hydrophilic surfaces compared to their 4-week-old hydrophobic surfaces. Sandblasted implants showed higher ALP activity and matrix mineralization. Adding N-acetyl cysteine to the culture medium increased ALP activity and mineralization.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Osteoblasts successfully attached, proliferated, and mineralized on dental implants <em>in vitro</em> under optimized dynamic conditions. This system differentiated the biological capabilities of implants with varying surface topographies, wettability, and biochemically modulated environments. These findings support developing a 3D dynamic dental implant culture model, advancing osseointegration research and innovating dental implant designs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15583,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"Pages 350-360"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141690940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2024.07.006
Seung Hyun Son , Sang-woo Lee , Gehoon Chung
Background/purpose
Chronic periodontitis and tooth loss contribute to cognitive decline. Since many biological processes are shared by loss of teeth and loss of pulps, this study investigated the potential association between loss of pulp and the development of dementia.
Materials and methods
A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted to investigate the association between dental treatment and the development of dementia. The records of dental treatment during the 10 years prior to the first diagnosis of dementia were extracted from the Elderly Cohort Database of the National Health Information Sharing Service of Korea. The independence of dementia compared to the number of pulps or teeth removed was evaluated using the chi-squared test. The subjects were grouped by the number of teeth or pulps treated, and their odds ratio for dementia was calculated.
Results
Analysis of 591,592 sessions for pulpectomy and 710,722 sessions for tooth extraction from 558,147 individuals revealed a significant association with Alzheimer's dementia, but not with vascular or unspecified dementia. The number of dementia patients based on the number of pulps or teeth extracted were significantly different across age groups. The odds ratios demonstrated a tendency to increase with the number of dental treatments and decrease with age at the time of diagnosis of dementia. The number of pulps removed to achieve a notable impact on Alzheimer's dementia was found to be lower than the number of teeth extracted.
Conclusion
The loss of pulp increased incidence of Alzheimer's dementia, with the impact being more pronounced in younger geriatric groups.
{"title":"Loss of dental pulp potentially increased the risk of Alzheimer's dementia","authors":"Seung Hyun Son , Sang-woo Lee , Gehoon Chung","doi":"10.1016/j.jds.2024.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jds.2024.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/purpose</h3><div>Chronic periodontitis and tooth loss contribute to cognitive decline. Since many biological processes are shared by loss of teeth and loss of pulps, this study investigated the potential association between loss of pulp and the development of dementia.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted to investigate the association between dental treatment and the development of dementia. The records of dental treatment during the 10 years prior to the first diagnosis of dementia were extracted from the Elderly Cohort Database of the National Health Information Sharing Service of Korea. The independence of dementia compared to the number of pulps or teeth removed was evaluated using the chi-squared test. The subjects were grouped by the number of teeth or pulps treated, and their odds ratio for dementia was calculated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Analysis of 591,592 sessions for pulpectomy and 710,722 sessions for tooth extraction from 558,147 individuals revealed a significant association with Alzheimer's dementia, but not with vascular or unspecified dementia. The number of dementia patients based on the number of pulps or teeth extracted were significantly different across age groups. The odds ratios demonstrated a tendency to increase with the number of dental treatments and decrease with age at the time of diagnosis of dementia. The number of pulps removed to achieve a notable impact on Alzheimer's dementia was found to be lower than the number of teeth extracted.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The loss of pulp increased incidence of Alzheimer's dementia, with the impact being more pronounced in younger geriatric groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15583,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"Pages 310-318"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141710281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2024.07.014
Yu-Qi Ma , Yu-Hong Liang
Background/purpose
The obturation of canals with irregular structures is still a challenge for single cone obturation technique (SC). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence and distribution of voids using SC with different sealer placement methods in the canal with a simulated band-shaped isthmus.
Materials and methods
3D-printed root canal models with band-shaped isthmuses were randomly divided into four groups according to different obturation methods. Group 1: sealer placement by single cone passively (SCP); Group 2: bi-directional spiral-supported sealer placement (BS); Group 3: ultrasound-supported sealer placement (U). Group 4: vertical compaction obturation (VC). In each group, 10 of 14 models were sliced and the remaining four were scanned by micro-CT. The percentage area of voids (PAV) and the percentage volume of voids (PVV) of fillings were calculated.
Results
At all slice levels, using BS and U to support sealer placement reduced voids with an average PAV of 21%, and in the VC and SCP groups were 33% and 45% respectively. Based on the micro-CT scans, nearly half of the porosity decreased by the BS and ultrasound in the isthmus with PVV of 25% and 29% respectively, compared with 46% in the SCP group. However, in the main canal, when the PVV was 22% in the SCP group, the porosity decreased to 14% in the U group and 18% in the BS group.
Conclusion
Bi-directional spiral or ultrasound-supported sealer placement can improve the performance of single cone obturation in canals with an isthmus.
{"title":"Presence and distribution of voids after using the single cone obturation technique with different sealer placement methods in canals with an isthmus","authors":"Yu-Qi Ma , Yu-Hong Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.jds.2024.07.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jds.2024.07.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/purpose</h3><div>The obturation of canals with irregular structures is still a challenge for single cone obturation technique (SC). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence and distribution of voids using SC with different sealer placement methods in the canal with a simulated band-shaped isthmus.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>3D-printed root canal models with band-shaped isthmuses were randomly divided into four groups according to different obturation methods. Group 1: sealer placement by single cone passively (SCP); Group 2: bi-directional spiral-supported sealer placement (BS); Group 3: ultrasound-supported sealer placement (U). Group 4: vertical compaction obturation (VC). In each group, 10 of 14 models were sliced and the remaining four were scanned by micro-CT. The percentage area of voids (PAV) and the percentage volume of voids (PVV) of fillings were calculated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At all slice levels, using BS and U to support sealer placement reduced voids with an average PAV of 21%, and in the VC and SCP groups were 33% and 45% respectively. Based on the micro-CT scans, nearly half of the porosity decreased by the BS and ultrasound in the isthmus with PVV of 25% and 29% respectively, compared with 46% in the SCP group. However, in the main canal, when the PVV was 22% in the SCP group, the porosity decreased to 14% in the U group and 18% in the BS group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Bi-directional spiral or ultrasound-supported sealer placement can improve the performance of single cone obturation in canals with an isthmus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15583,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"Pages 286-291"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141851546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2024.10.007
Shinsuke Yamamoto, Keigo Maeda, Naoki Taniike
{"title":"Ingenuity in treating malunion after inappropriate open reduction and internal fixation of symphyseal mandibular fractures with bicondylar fractures","authors":"Shinsuke Yamamoto, Keigo Maeda, Naoki Taniike","doi":"10.1016/j.jds.2024.10.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jds.2024.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15583,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"Pages 692-694"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11762910/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143052530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2024.04.029
Kin-Weng Wong , Yi-Ju Li , Hui-Ci Yang , Chi-Sheng Chien , Li-Ting Kao , Ting-Sheng Lin , Tsung-Ying Yang , Chi-Jen Shih
Background/purpose:
Various pulp-covering materials offer advantages in regenerative root canal treatment, but each has limitations, highlighting the need for more effective antibacterial strategies for pulp repair and regeneration. Mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBG) show significant biological activity, making them valuable in tissue/dental repair. Silver-incorporated MBG exhibits promising antibacterial effects against various bacteria; copper ions are crucial in regulating angiogenesis signals. Co-loading copper and silver in bioactive glasses has been explored to address clinical challenges. This study modified the preparation of silver-copper bimetallic mesoporous bioactive glass, analyzing their textural properties and antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis.
Materials and methods
The silver-copper co-loaded bioactive glass (designated as AgCu/80S) was synthesized using a sol–gel technique with modifications. Textural analyses were carried out via X-ray diffraction, UV–Vis spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis, and transmission electron microscope. The ion-releasing activity determined using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, and the antibacterial activity against E. faecalis was assessed through disk diffusion and kinetic bacterial growth curve.
Results
The modification led to weaker crystallization of calcium silicate, altering ion-releasing and antibacterial activities. Ag3Cu2/80S exhibited the highest released silver ion concentration at 112.6 ppm, with an inhibition zone of 9.09 ± 0.09 mm in disk diffusion assays. However, the inhibition zone of Ag2Cu3/80S was 9.92 ± 0.04 mm, implying that the antibacterial activity may not only be influenced by silver ions.
Conclusion
The AgCu/80S showed a potential antibacterial activity against E. faecalis, whereas further research on AgCu/80S glasses is necessary to optimize ion release conditions, assess bioactivities, and explore potential dental applications.
{"title":"Antimicrobial properties of bimetallic-containing mesoporous bioglass against Enterococcus faecalis","authors":"Kin-Weng Wong , Yi-Ju Li , Hui-Ci Yang , Chi-Sheng Chien , Li-Ting Kao , Ting-Sheng Lin , Tsung-Ying Yang , Chi-Jen Shih","doi":"10.1016/j.jds.2024.04.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jds.2024.04.029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/purpose:</h3><div>Various pulp-covering materials offer advantages in regenerative root canal treatment, but each has limitations, highlighting the need for more effective antibacterial strategies for pulp repair and regeneration. Mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBG) show significant biological activity, making them valuable in tissue/dental repair. Silver-incorporated MBG exhibits promising antibacterial effects against various bacteria; copper ions are crucial in regulating angiogenesis signals. Co-loading copper and silver in bioactive glasses has been explored to address clinical challenges. This study modified the preparation of silver-copper bimetallic mesoporous bioactive glass, analyzing their textural properties and antibacterial activity against <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>The silver-copper co-loaded bioactive glass (designated as AgCu/80S) was synthesized using a sol–gel technique with modifications. Textural analyses were carried out via X-ray diffraction, UV–Vis spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis, and transmission electron microscope. The ion-releasing activity determined using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, and the antibacterial activity against <em>E. faecalis</em> was assessed through disk diffusion and kinetic bacterial growth curve.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The modification led to weaker crystallization of calcium silicate, altering ion-releasing and antibacterial activities. Ag3Cu2/80S exhibited the highest released silver ion concentration at 112.6 ppm, with an inhibition zone of 9.09 ± 0.09 mm in disk diffusion assays. However, the inhibition zone of Ag2Cu3/80S was 9.92 ± 0.04 mm, implying that the antibacterial activity may not only be influenced by silver ions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The AgCu/80S showed a potential antibacterial activity against <em>E. faecalis</em>, whereas further research on AgCu/80S glasses is necessary to optimize ion release conditions, assess bioactivities, and explore potential dental applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15583,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"Pages 510-521"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141052426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2024.05.020
Ying Man , Xin-yue Zhang , Xiao-zhen Wang , Si-yu Liu , Fei-fei Niu , Pi-shan Yang
Background/purpose
Progesterone (PG) is sex steroid hormone that commonly used to control menopausal symptoms, but its exact role in periodontitis remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of PG on periodontitis in perimenopausal women and in an experimental rat model.
Materials and methods
Total 412 perimenopausal women with periodontitis and a history of PG deficiency-induced uterine dysfunctional bleeding were enrolled, among which 209 women had been treated with PG. The alveolar bone height (ABH) and bone mineral density (BMD) were measured by cone beam computed tomography in the full-mouth. Additionally, a ligation-induced rat model of periodontitis was established. After treated with PG, the alveolar bone was evaluated by micro-computed tomography, and the expression of osteogenic and inflammatory markers was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The levels of inflammatory markers were further measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.
Results
In perimenopausal women with periodontitis, significantly lower maximum mesial ABH and higher minimum lingual/palatal BMD were revealed in the PG group than in the control group. Compared with the control group, the mean values of BMD around all teeth were significantly higher in the PG group. In a rat model of periodontitis, the intervention of PG significantly improved the quality of alveolar bone, up-regulated osteogenic markers, and down-regulated inflammatory markers.
Conclusion
PG is associated with the remission of alveolar bone loss in perimenopausal women with periodontitis. PG may contribute to the remission of periodontitis through inhibiting alveolar bone loss and inflammation.
{"title":"Progesterone affects periodontitis in perimenopausal women and in an experimental rat model","authors":"Ying Man , Xin-yue Zhang , Xiao-zhen Wang , Si-yu Liu , Fei-fei Niu , Pi-shan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jds.2024.05.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jds.2024.05.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/purpose</h3><div>Progesterone (PG) is sex steroid hormone that commonly used to control menopausal symptoms, but its exact role in periodontitis remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of PG on periodontitis in perimenopausal women and in an experimental rat model.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Total 412 perimenopausal women with periodontitis and a history of PG deficiency-induced uterine dysfunctional bleeding were enrolled, among which 209 women had been treated with PG. The alveolar bone height (ABH) and bone mineral density (BMD) were measured by cone beam computed tomography in the full-mouth. Additionally, a ligation-induced rat model of periodontitis was established. After treated with PG, the alveolar bone was evaluated by micro-computed tomography, and the expression of osteogenic and inflammatory markers was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The levels of inflammatory markers were further measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In perimenopausal women with periodontitis, significantly lower maximum mesial ABH and higher minimum lingual/palatal BMD were revealed in the PG group than in the control group. Compared with the control group, the mean values of BMD around all teeth were significantly higher in the PG group. In a rat model of periodontitis, the intervention of PG significantly improved the quality of alveolar bone, up-regulated osteogenic markers, and down-regulated inflammatory markers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PG is associated with the remission of alveolar bone loss in perimenopausal women with periodontitis. PG may contribute to the remission of periodontitis through inhibiting alveolar bone loss and inflammation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15583,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"Pages 452-461"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141136550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2024.05.014
Yu-Hsin Yang , Jing-Jie Yu , Hsin-Ying Han , Wei-Min Chang , Chin-Wei Wang
Background/purpose
Salivary microbiome has become a surrogate indicator of oral disease due to its collective reservoirs and convenience in sampling. However, failed clinical trials often lead to wastes of resources, indicating a need for preclinical models. In this pilot study, we aimed to compare the salivary microbiome by metagenomics analysis before and after lysogeny broth culture for prospective translational studies.
Materials and methods
The study cohort included seven patients with severe periodontitis (Stage III/IV, Grade C), from whom unstimulated saliva was collected. The salivary microbiome was sequenced over the 16S rRNA gene V3–V4 hypervariable regions at baseline and after 6 hours of lysogeny broth culture.
Results
The results revealed changes in salivary microbiome and reduced bacterial diversity after culture, mainly due to the expansion of genera Neisseria (Median (Mdn) 15.95% to 37.52%, P < 0.05), Rothia (Mdn 10.21% to 16.32%, P < 0.05), and Haemophilus (Mdn 5.88% to 13.25%, P < 0.05). Periodontitis-related pathogens such as phyla Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteria and Spirochaetes were identified, while genera Porphyromonas, Parvimonas, Peptostreptococcus, and Campylobacter showed a decrease after lysogeny broth culture. Caries-related pathogens, including genera Veillonella, Leptotrichia, and species Haemophilus parainfluenzae and Streptococcus salivarius, were also detected.
Conclusion
This pilot study revealed that periodontitis- and caries-related bacteria could be identified in the saliva at baseline and after 6 hours ex-vivo culture with lysogeny broth. Our findings also suggested that lysogeny broth favored the growth of specific genera and may serve as a reference to monitor short-term modulation of these bacteria in salivary microbiome.
{"title":"Ex-vivo investigation of human salivary microbial growth with lysogeny broth for translational research–A pilot study","authors":"Yu-Hsin Yang , Jing-Jie Yu , Hsin-Ying Han , Wei-Min Chang , Chin-Wei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jds.2024.05.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jds.2024.05.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/purpose</h3><div>Salivary microbiome has become a surrogate indicator of oral disease due to its collective reservoirs and convenience in sampling. However, failed clinical trials often lead to wastes of resources, indicating a need for preclinical models. In this pilot study, we aimed to compare the salivary microbiome by metagenomics analysis before and after lysogeny broth culture for prospective translational studies.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>The study cohort included seven patients with severe periodontitis (Stage III/IV, Grade C), from whom unstimulated saliva was collected. The salivary microbiome was sequenced over the 16S rRNA gene V3–V4 hypervariable regions at baseline and after 6 hours of lysogeny broth culture.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results revealed changes in salivary microbiome and reduced bacterial diversity after culture, mainly due to the expansion of genera <em>Neisseria</em> (Median (<em>Mdn</em>) 15.95% to 37.52%, <em>P</em> < 0.05), <em>Rothia</em> (<em>Mdn</em> 10.21% to 16.32%, <em>P</em> < 0.05), and <em>Haemophilus</em> (<em>Mdn</em> 5.88% to 13.25%, <em>P</em> < 0.05). Periodontitis-related pathogens such as phyla <em>Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteria</em> and <em>Spirochaetes</em> were identified, while genera <em>Porphyromonas, Parvimonas, Peptostreptococcus,</em> and <em>Campylobacter</em> showed a decrease after lysogeny broth culture. Caries-related pathogens, including genera <em>Veillonella, Leptotrichia,</em> and species <em>Haemophilus parainfluenzae</em> and <em>Streptococcus salivarius</em>, were also detected.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This pilot study revealed that periodontitis- and caries-related bacteria could be identified in the saliva at baseline and after 6 hours <em>ex-vivo</em> culture with lysogeny broth. Our findings also suggested that lysogeny broth favored the growth of specific genera and may serve as a reference to monitor short-term modulation of these bacteria in salivary microbiome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15583,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"Pages 437-443"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141229460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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