Journal of Dental Sciences最新文献_第8页

Bacterial–host interactions in periodontal prognosis: Role of P. gingivalis and IL-8 细菌-宿主相互作用在牙周预后中的作用：牙龈假单胞菌和IL-8的作用

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Dental Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2025.10.006

Ying-Chu Lin , Ting-Yi Renn , Chang-Yu Lee , Nai-Chia Teng , Yung-Kai Huang

Background/purpose

The combined effects of Porphromonas gingivalis with other pathogens and host inflammatory on treatment prognosis remain underexplored. This study investigated associations between P. gingivalis bacterial co-infection, salivary IL-8 levels, and prognosis following non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT).

Materials and methods

Seventy-four participants underwent NSPT were recruited. Subgingival specimens were collected before treatment and analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Salivary IL-8 levels and periodontal clinical parameters were recorded at baseline and one month after scaling and root-planing (SRP). Saliva samples were analyzed for IL-8 levels using a commercial kit. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted to assess associations between pathogens, IL-8, and prognosis.

Results

Participants with Prevotella intermedia had significantly higher IL-8 levels at baseline and post-treatment (P = 0.03 and P < 0.01). P. gingivalis was associated with significantly higher percentages of sites with PD ≥ 5 mm at both time points (P = 0.04 and P = 0.02). After adjusting for IL-8 and smoking, P. gingivalis was associated with higher residual PD ≥ 5 mm (5.11 %, P < 0.05), but lost significance after adjusting for oral health behaviors. After full adjustment, baseline P. gingivalis without Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was associated with higher residual PD ≥ 5 mm (7.83 %, P < 0.05), whereas co-infection attenuated this association (−0.49 %, P > 0.05).

Conclusion

P. gingivalis was associated with residual PD ≥ 5 mm, with its effect modified by smoking status, IL-8 levels, and oral health behaviors. Although co-infection with A. actinomycetemcomitans showed no significant effect, the attenuating trend warrants further investigation.

背景/目的牙龈卟啉单胞菌与其他病原菌及宿主炎症对治疗预后的影响尚不清楚。本研究调查了牙龈假单胞菌合并感染、唾液IL-8水平和非手术牙周治疗（NSPT）后预后之间的关系。材料和方法招募74名接受NSPT的参与者。治疗前采集龈下标本，16S rRNA测序分析。唾液IL-8水平和牙周临床参数在基线和洗牙和牙根刨平（SRP）后一个月记录。使用商业试剂盒分析唾液样本的IL-8水平。多变量回归分析评估病原体、白介素-8和预后之间的关系。结果感染中间普雷沃氏菌的患者在治疗前和治疗后IL-8水平均显著升高（P = 0.03和P <； 0.01）。在两个时间点，牙龈卟啉卟啉与PD≥5 mm的部位的比例均显著升高（P = 0.04和P = 0.02）。在调整IL-8和吸烟因素后，牙龈卟啉卟啉与PD≥5 mm的高残留相关（5.11%,P < 0.05），但在调整口腔健康行为后，相关性不明显。经全面调整后，基线无聚集杆菌放线菌comitans的牙龈卟啉卟啉菌与较高的残余PD≥5 mm相关（7.83%,P < 0.05），而联合感染降低了这一相关性（- 0.49%,P < 0.05）。残余PD≥5 mm与牙龈相关，其作用受吸烟状况、IL-8水平和口腔健康行为的影响。虽然与放线菌共感染无显著影响，但其减弱趋势值得进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0

The dental career development of physicians during the Japanese colonial period in Taiwan: A case study of Dr. Ying-Fang Chen 日治时期台湾医师牙科事业发展：以陈颖芳医师为例

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Dental Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2025.11.006

Feng-Chou Cheng , Ling-Hsia Wang , Shiang-Yao Liu, Chun-Pin Chiang

引用次数: 0

Applications of artificial intelligence in tooth extraction: A systematic review 人工智能在拔牙中的应用综述

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Dental Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2025.10.007

Masakazu Hamada , Ryota Nomura , Tatsuya Akitomo , Satoru Kusaka , Yuko Iwamoto , Shiori Yamamoto , Yuko Ogaya , Kazuhiko Nakano

Background/purpose

Tooth extraction is a common procedure in dental treatment. In recent years, with the advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, research on tooth extraction using AI has been increasing. In the present study, we consider the applicability of AI to tooth extraction through a literature review.

Materials and methods

The PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched for (“tooth extraction”) AND (“artificial intelligence” OR “machine learning” OR “deep learning”) in June 2024.

Results

Thirty-five articles matched the eligibility criteria and were extracted for this review. The most widely covered topics were “relationship between the root of the tooth and the inferior alveolar nerve” and “tooth extraction decision-making” with 10 and 8 articles, respectively. These two topics are considered to be important factors that determine risk and treatment options in clinical decision-making. Next, there were six articles about tooth extraction difficulty, preparation, and time, and four articles about maxillary sinus evaluation. Furthermore, there were three articles about predictive models for osteonecrosis and osteomyelitis of the jaw, and two articles each about post-extraction complications and the use of ChatGPT, which were the fewest in number.

Conclusion

Findings from these papers will contribute to improving decision-making processes, treatment strategies, and preventive measures in dental care and are expected to serve as a foundation for future research. Furthermore, the diversity of each topic reflects the complexity and evolution of dental care and suggests that further exploration is warranted in future research.

背景/目的拔牙是牙科治疗中常见的一种程序。近年来，随着人工智能（AI）技术的进步，人工智能拔牙的研究越来越多。在本研究中，我们通过文献综述来考虑人工智能在拔牙中的适用性。材料和方法在2024年6月检索PubMed， Scopus和Web of Science数据库（“拔牙”）和（“人工智能”或“机器学习”或“深度学习”）。结果35篇符合入选标准的文献被纳入本综述。涉及最多的题目是“牙根与下牙槽神经的关系”和“拔牙决策”，分别有10篇和8篇。这两个主题被认为是决定临床决策风险和治疗方案的重要因素。接下来是6篇关于拔牙难度、准备和时间的文章，以及4篇关于上颌窦评估的文章。此外，关于颌骨骨坏死和骨髓炎预测模型的文章有3篇，关于拔牙后并发症和ChatGPT应用的文章各2篇，数量最少。结论本研究结果有助于改善口腔保健的决策过程、治疗策略和预防措施，并为今后的研究奠定基础。此外，每个主题的多样性反映了牙科保健的复杂性和演变，并表明在未来的研究中有必要进一步探索。

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引用次数: 0

Hypoxic stem cells from apical papilla-derived exosomes enhance dental pulp stem cells migration and differentiation via mitochondrial activation 顶乳头源性外泌体缺氧干细胞通过线粒体激活促进牙髓干细胞迁移和分化

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Dental Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2025.07.028

Deyan Yuan, Rui Tao, Bi Yin, Meng Gu

Background/purpose

Stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) play critical roles in dental tissue regeneration. Although intercellular communication through exosomes is known to influence stem cell regulation, the effects of exosomes derived from hypoxic SCAPs on the migration and odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs have not been elucidated. This study aimed to investigate SCAPs derived exosomes mediated modulation of DPSCs biological functions under hypoxic conditions.

Materials and methods

Exosomes were obtained from SCAPs cultured under normoxic or hypoxic conditions. DPSCs were treated with these exosomes, and their migration capacity was evaluated using scratch and transwell assays. Odontogenic differentiation was assessed via gene/protein expression analysis and alizarin red / alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining. Mitochondrial dynamics and energy metabolism were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy, seahorse assays, and Mitotracker red staining.

Results

Hypoxic SCAPs-derived exosomes exhibited comparable morphology and size to normoxic exosomes but enhanced DPSCs migration and odontogenic differentiation. Hypo-Exo promoted mitochondrial fusion in DPSCs, evidenced by increased mitofusin 2 (MFN2) / translocator of the outer mitochondrial membrane 20 (TOM20) expression and augmented mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates. Rotenone inhibition of mitochondrial metabolism abrogated Hypo-Exo-induced migration and differentiation, confirming the critical role of mitochondrial fusionmediated energy metabolism in this process.

Conclusion

Hypoxic SCAPs-derived exosomes enhance DPSCs migration and odontogenic differentiation through mitochondrial fusion. These findings reveal a novel “exosome-mitochondria” regulatory axis, providing a mechanistic basis for developing hypoxia-engineered exosome therapies in dental regenerative medicine.

背景/目的牙髓干细胞（DPSCs）和根尖乳头干细胞（SCAPs）在牙组织再生中起着重要作用。虽然已知通过外泌体的细胞间通讯会影响干细胞调节，但缺氧SCAPs衍生的外泌体对DPSCs迁移和成牙分化的影响尚未阐明。本研究旨在探讨缺氧条件下SCAPs衍生外泌体介导的DPSCs生物学功能的调节。材料和方法从常氧或缺氧条件下培养的SCAPs中获得染色体。用这些外泌体处理DPSCs，用划痕法和transwell法评估它们的迁移能力。通过基因/蛋白表达分析和茜素红/碱性磷酸酶（ALP）染色评估牙源性分化。通过透射电镜、海马实验和Mitotracker红色染色分析线粒体动力学和能量代谢。结果缺氧scaps衍生的外泌体的形态和大小与常氧外泌体相似，但DPSCs的迁移和牙源性分化增强。hypoo - exo促进了DPSCs的线粒体融合，其证据是线粒体丝裂丝蛋白2 (MFN2) /线粒体外膜转运蛋白20 （TOM20）表达增加，线粒体耗氧量增加。鱼藤酮对线粒体代谢的抑制消除了hypoo - exo诱导的迁移和分化，证实了线粒体融合介导的能量代谢在这一过程中的关键作用。结论缺氧scaps来源的外泌体通过线粒体融合促进DPSCs迁移和成牙分化。这些发现揭示了一种新的“外泌体-线粒体”调节轴，为开发缺氧工程外泌体治疗牙科再生医学提供了机制基础。

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引用次数: 0

Hard tissue barrier detection in permanent mandibular molars that have undergone direct pulp capping and partial pulpotomy: A retrospective cohort study 直接髓盖和部分髓切术后下颌恒磨牙硬组织屏障检测：一项回顾性队列研究

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Dental Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2025.07.006

Boonchanit Nophachatsathid , Papimon Chompu-Inwai , Chanika Manmontri , Nattakan Chaipattanawan , Areerat Nirunsittirat , Phichayut Phinyo

Background/purpose

The presence of a hard tissue barrier (HTB) is commonly considered as a reliable indicator of a successful vital pulp therapy (VPT). This study therefore aimed to evaluate the probability of HTB detection over time, identify factors affecting HTB detection, and compare the mean time of HTB detection across subgroups.

Materials and methods

This retrospective cohort study included permanent mandibular molars that had undergone VPT. The examiners detected the HTB by comparing the follow-up with the immediate postoperative bitewing radiographs. A flexible parametric survival analysis was conducted to assess the probability of HTB detection over time and its associated factors. The restricted mean survival time was used to compare the mean time of HTB detection across subgroups.

Results

This study included 149 radiographs of 70 teeth from 67 patients. The mean follow-up was 20.7 ± 14.7 months. The probability of HTB detection increased over time, reaching 0.75 (95 % confidence interval: 0.61–0.87) at 48 months, and was significantly greater in teeth treated with partial pulpotomy (PP) or with pre-operative periapical lesions. The mean time of HTB detection was significantly earlier after PP than direct pulp capping (20.03 vs. 36.50 months, P = 0.003), for teeth with than without periapical lesions (17.84 vs. 28.89 months, P = 0.021), and for teeth with incomplete than complete root formation (22.34 vs. 31.45 months, P = 0.031).

Conclusion

The probability of HTB detection increased over time and was influenced by VPT type, periapical lesion status, and root formation status.

背景/目的硬组织屏障（HTB）的存在通常被认为是重要牙髓治疗（VPT）成功的可靠指标。因此，本研究旨在评估HTB随时间的检测概率，确定影响HTB检测的因素，并比较各亚组间HTB检测的平均时间。材料和方法本回顾性队列研究包括行VPT的下颌恒磨牙。检查人员通过比较随访与术后即刻咬颌x线片来检测HTB。采用灵活的参数生存分析来评估HTB随时间的检测概率及其相关因素。限制平均生存时间用于比较各亚组间HTB检测的平均时间。结果本研究纳入67例患者70颗牙齿的149张x线片。平均随访20.7±14.7个月。HTB的检出率随着时间的推移而增加，在48个月时达到0.75(95%可信区间：0.61-0.87)，并且在部分截髓（PP）治疗或术前根尖周病变的牙齿中明显更高。HTB的平均检测时间明显早于直接盖牙（20.03 vs 36.50个月，P = 0.003），有根尖周病变的牙明显早于无根尖周病变的牙（17.84 vs 28.89个月，P = 0.021），根形成不完全的牙明显早于根形成完全的牙（22.34 vs 31.45个月，P = 0.031）。结论HTB的检出率随时间的增加而增加，并受VPT类型、根尖周病变状态和根形成状态的影响。

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引用次数: 0

The radioresistance of clinically relevant radioresistant cell-derived tumors is determined by the cancer cells themselves, rather than by the surrounding stromal cells 临床相关的放射耐药细胞源性肿瘤的放射耐药是由癌细胞本身决定的，而不是由周围的基质细胞决定的

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Dental Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2025.06.024

Yoshikazu Kuwahara , Kazuo Tomita , Mehryar Habibi Roudkenar , Amaneh Mohammadi Roushandeh , Tomoaki Sato , Akihiro Kurimasa

Background/purpose

We established clinically relevant radioresistant (CRR) cell lines, which proliferate after exposure to 2 Gy/day of X-rays with the same genomic background as the parental cell lines from SAS cells, a cell line derived from oral squamous cell carcinoma. In this study, we tried to analyze whether the radioresistance of the tumor is defined by the stromal cells or the cancer cells using the CRR cells.

Materials and methods

We transplanted parental and CRR cells into nude mice. The effects of 2 Gy/day fractionated radiation (FR) on the tumors were observed for 30 days. We measured tumor size, nuclear size by Hematoxylin-Eosin staining, Ki-67 expression via immunostaining, and Autophagosome formation using Electron microscopy.

Results

From the 20th day of FR, the SAS tumor volume gradually decreased. At 30 days of FR, the SAS tumor volume was reduced by half. Conversely, SAS-R tumors maintained a constant level after FR. The histology of the SAS tumor exhibited advanced fibrosis and enlarged cell nuclei. However, the SAS-R tumor showed no notable fibrosis, and the cell nuclei in the SAS-R tumors were like the nonirradiated cells. The number of Ki-67 positive cells was reduced in SAS tumors but not SAS-R tumors. Electron microscopy revealed autophagosome-like structures in the parent cells, but not in the SAS-R cells.

Conclusion

The cancer cells themselves define the radioresistance of the tumor rather than by the surrounding stromal cells.

背景/目的我们建立了临床相关的放射耐药（CRR）细胞系，这些细胞系在暴露于2 Gy/天的x射线后增殖，其基因组背景与亲本细胞系SAS细胞相同，SAS细胞来源于口腔鳞状细胞癌。在本研究中，我们试图用CRR细胞分析肿瘤的放射抵抗是由基质细胞定义的还是由癌细胞定义的。材料和方法将亲代细胞和CRR细胞移植到裸鼠体内。观察2 Gy/d分次辐射（FR）对肿瘤的影响30天。我们通过苏木精-伊红染色测量肿瘤大小，核大小，免疫染色检测Ki-67表达，电镜检测自噬体形成。结果从FR第20天开始，SAS肿瘤体积逐渐减小。在FR的第30天，SAS肿瘤体积减少了一半。相反，SAS- r肿瘤在FR后维持恒定水平。SAS肿瘤组织学表现为晚期纤维化和细胞核增大。然而，SAS-R肿瘤未见明显纤维化，其细胞核与未照射细胞相似。SAS肿瘤中Ki-67阳性细胞数量减少，而SAS- r肿瘤中Ki-67阳性细胞数量减少。电镜显示亲本细胞有类似自噬体的结构，而SAS-R细胞没有。结论肿瘤的放射抵抗不是由周围基质细胞决定的，而是由肿瘤细胞自身决定的。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of ovariectomy of rat on tongue neuropathy: Relevance to burning mouth syndrome 大鼠卵巢切除对舌神经病变的影响：与灼口综合征有关

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Dental Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2025.06.011

Momoyo Kobayashi , Akiko Okada-Ogawa , Yoshiki Imamura , Hirotaka Shinozuka , Noboru Noma , Koichi Iwata , Masamichi Shinoda

Background/purpose

Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is common in postmenopausal women, indicating that sex hormones are involved in disease pathogenesis. Recent studies have shown that the decreased nerve innervation of the papillae of the tongue may be related to neuropathic pain conditions in BMS. However, it remains unknown whether sex hormones contribute to changes in the nerve fiber density in the tongues of patients with BMS. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine changes in pain intensity and nerve fiber density in the tongue of ovariectomized (OVX) rats subjected to surgical menopause to elucidate one aspect of the mechanism of pain onset in BMS.

Materials and methods

Two groups of 9-week-old female Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats (ovariectomy; OVX and sham treatment; Sham) were established. Water containing capsaicin was provided at defined intervals to investigate oral capsaicin avoidance over a 2-week period. Serum circulating estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2) levels were measured in OVX and Sham rats. The protein gene product 9.5 immunoreactivity and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) in the tongues were also analyzed.

Results

Two weeks after OVX treatment, intake of water containing capsaicin and serum levels of E1 and E2 significantly decreased. The nerve fiber density in fungiform papillae and connective tissue layer below the filiform papillae was also decreased. However, an abundant TRPV1-positive expression was observed in the tongue of OVX rats.

Conclusion

These results indicate that decreased estrogen signaling causes neuropathy in tongue, resulting in tongue pain hypersensitivity in BMS.

背景/目的灼口综合征（BMS）在绝经后妇女中很常见，表明性激素参与了疾病的发病机制。最近的研究表明，舌乳头神经支配的减少可能与BMS的神经性疼痛有关。然而，性激素是否会导致BMS患者舌头神经纤维密度的变化，目前尚不清楚。因此，本研究的目的是研究卵巢切除（OVX）大鼠手术绝经后舌部疼痛强度和神经纤维密度的变化，以阐明BMS疼痛发生的一个方面机制。材料与方法将9周龄雌性SD大鼠分为卵巢切除（OVX）和假手术（sham）两组。在规定的时间间隔内提供含有辣椒素的水，以调查在两周内口服辣椒素的避免。测定OVX和Sham大鼠血清循环雌酮（E1）和雌二醇（E2）水平。分析了蛋白基因产物9.5在舌组织中的免疫反应性和瞬时受体电位香草样蛋白1 （TRPV1）。结果OVX治疗2周后，含辣椒素水的摄取量和血清中E1、E2水平均显著降低。真菌状乳头和丝状乳头下结缔组织层的神经纤维密度也降低。然而，在OVX大鼠的舌头中观察到丰富的trpv1阳性表达。结论雌激素信号减少可引起舌部神经病变，引起BMS舌痛超敏反应。

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引用次数: 0

Moderate heating of waterline improves dental unit water quality by activating bactericidal properties of tap water 水线的适度加热通过激活自来水的杀菌特性来改善牙科单位的水质

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Dental Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2025.05.023

Kunihiro Fushimi , Masahiro Yamada , Jun Watanabe , Jumpei Washio , Nobuhiro Takahashi , Hiroshi Egusa

Background/purpose

Daily flushing of dental unit waterlines (DUWLs) with fresh tap water for an adequate duration each morning before dental procedures is essential to prevent healthcare-associated infections. However, the bacterial reduction achieved by flushing alone is often temporary and may be insufficient. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the management practices of clinically used DUWLs and identify effective measures for improving water quality.

Materials and methods

The bactericidal free residual chlorine concentration (FRCC) and heterotrophic plate counts (HPCs) in air turbine handpiece DUWLs with or without chemical disinfectants and/or heating apparatus were evaluated before and after flushing, based on legal standards and target values for water quality assessment.

Results

Residual water in the DUWL consistently exhibited lower FRCC and higher HPCs than the legal standard and target values, respectively. Extended flushing in water discharged from conventional dental units increased FRCC beyond the legal standard value; however, HPCs did not consistently decrease below the legal target value. Flushing DUWLs equipped with a chemical disinfectant apparatus reduced HPCs to below the legal target value but did not always restore FRCC completely. Notably, heating of DUWLs at 65 °C improved both FRCC and HPCs through flushing, regardless of the type of dental unit.

Conclusion

Flushing plays a crucial role in maintaining the water quality of dental units. Moderate heating of DUWL can ensure compliance with legal standards for water quality management by enhancing the effectiveness of flushing.

背景/目的每天早晨在牙科手术前用新鲜的自来水冲洗牙科单位水管（duwl）足够的时间，对于预防保健相关感染至关重要。然而，仅通过冲洗达到的细菌减少往往是暂时的，可能不够。本研究的目的是评估临床使用的duwl的管理实践，并确定改善水质的有效措施。材料与方法依据法定水质评价标准和水质评价目标值，对使用或不使用化学消毒剂和/或加热装置的空气涡轮手机duwl进行冲洗前后的游离氯浓度（FRCC）和异养板计数（HPCs）的测定。结果DUWL残水的FRCC均低于法定标准值，HPCs均高于目标值。传统牙科诊所排放的水延长冲洗时间，使FRCC超出法定标准值；然而，HPCs并没有持续下降到法定目标值以下。配备化学消毒装置的冲洗duwl可将HPCs降至法定目标值以下，但并非总能完全恢复FRCC。值得注意的是，无论牙单元类型如何，在65°C下加热duwl都可以通过冲洗改善FRCC和HPCs。结论冲水对维持口腔单元水质起着至关重要的作用。为污水处理厂适度加热，可提高冲厕效率，确保水质管理符合法定标准。

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引用次数: 0

Biofunctionalized 3D-printed gelatin-alginate scaffolds with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptides for enhanced in vitro osteogenesis 具有精氨酸-甘氨酸-天冬氨酸（RGD）肽的生物功能3d打印明胶-海藻酸酯支架，用于增强体外成骨

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Dental Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2025.10.030

Ting-Yi Renn , You-Ru Ma , Chia-Chen Hsu , Eisner Salamanca , Hiroshi Egusa , Ying-Sui Sun , Chun-Pin Lin , Wei-Jen Chang

Background/purpose

Alveolar bone defects are difficult to treat due to ongoing resorption and limitations of conventional grafts. Tissue engineering strategies, particularly 3D hydrogel-based scaffolds, offer promising alternatives by mimicking the extracellular matrix and supporting cell-driven regeneration. This study aimed to incorporating arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptides into 3D-printed gelatin-alginate hydrogels to enhances their bioactivity and osteogenic potential for effective alveolar bone repair.

Materials and methods

The physical characterization of RGD peptides-grafted 3D-printed gelatin-alginate scaffolds was conducted using morphological observation, elemental composition analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and assessments of swelling and degradation behavior. Biological performance was examined in vitro through cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation (proven by alkaline phosphatase activity), and mineralization (proven by Alizarin red S staining) using MG-63 osteoblastic-like cells.

Results

RGD peptides-grafted 3D-printed gelatin-alginate scaffolds exhibited a porous architecture. Elemental and FTIR analyses confirmed successful peptide incorporation through elevated nitrogen and oxygen content, along with amide and C–H stretching bands. The scaffolds showed stable swelling, reduced degradation, and significantly enhanced MG-63 cell adhesion, proliferation, ALP activity, and mineralization, particularly in the 0.5 mg/mL RGD peptides-grafted group.

Conclusion

RGD peptides modification significantly enhances the structural and biological performance of 3D gelatin-alginate scaffolds, reinforcing their potential as effective materials for alveolar bone regeneration.

背景/目的牙槽骨缺损由于持续吸收和传统移植物的局限性而难以治疗。组织工程策略，特别是基于3D水凝胶的支架，通过模拟细胞外基质和支持细胞驱动再生，提供了有希望的替代方案。本研究旨在将精氨酸-甘氨酸-天冬氨酸（RGD）肽加入到3d打印的明胶-海藻酸盐水凝胶中，以增强其生物活性和成骨潜力，有效修复牙槽骨。材料与方法采用形态学观察、元素组成分析、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）以及溶胀降解行为评估等方法对RGD肽接枝的3d打印明胶-海藻酸酯支架进行物理表征。使用MG-63成骨样细胞，通过细胞粘附、增殖、分化（通过碱性磷酸酶活性证明）和矿化（通过茜素红S染色证明）来检测体外生物学性能。结果rgd肽接枝的3d打印明胶海藻酸酯支架具有多孔结构。元素分析和红外光谱分析证实，通过提高氮和氧含量，以及酰胺和C-H拉伸带，成功地整合了肽。支架肿胀稳定，降解减少，mg -63细胞粘附、增殖、ALP活性和矿化显著增强，尤其是0.5 mg/mL RGD肽移植组。结论rgd肽修饰可显著提高三维明胶-海藻酸盐支架的结构和生物学性能，增强其作为牙槽骨再生有效材料的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Schneiderian membrane perforation upon the advancement of mechanical drills passing through sinus walls: An ex vivo animal study 机械钻穿过窦壁时的施耐德膜穿孔：离体动物研究

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Dental Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2025.10.036

Jerry Ching-Yi Lin , Ting-Yi Renn , Chia-Chen Hsu , Wei Jen Chang

Background/purpose

This ex vivo study aimed to evaluate the perforation of Schneiderian membrane upon the advancement of drills incrementally in 1 mm passing through the sinus during the implant site osteotomy with two different drill types and techniques.

Materials and methods

Fifty goat heads with 50 pairs of sinuses were assigned to two groups: osseodensification drill (OD) and inverse conical shape drill (ICSD) to simulate transcrestal sinus elevation. Osteotomy was performed to pass through the lateral sinus wall, advancing the drills incrementally in 1 mm until perforation occurred. The integrity of the Schneiderian membranes was confirmed under a microscope.

Results

The OD group caused sinus perforation after drilling 1 mm beyond the sinus wall, with 8 perforations (16 %) out of 50. The ICSD group only showed perforations after 2 mm of drilling, with 3 perforations (6 %) out of 50. Seventy percent of perforations in the OD group occurred within 3 mm, while 44 % of those in the ICSD group did. Most OD perforations occurred between 2 and 3 mm, while in the ICSD group, they occurred between 3 and 4 mm. No perforation was observed in the ICSD group when drilling up to 1 mm beyond the sinus wall.

Conclusion

Different designs of the drills possessed different tolerance of the advancement of drills exceeding the sinus walls. The ICSD group did not show sinus membrane perforation until the drills extended 2 mm passing through the sinus wall, while the OD group would encounter perforation with less than 1 mm exceeding the sinus walls.

背景/目的本离体研究旨在评估在种植体截骨术中，使用两种不同的钻孔类型和技术，在通过鼻窦增加1mm钻孔时施耐德膜穿孔的情况。材料与方法50头山羊50对鼻窦分为两组：骨密度钻孔（OD）组和反锥形钻孔（ICSD）组，模拟经瓣鼻窦抬高。通过侧窦壁行截骨术，钻孔逐渐推进1mm，直至穿孔。在显微镜下证实了施耐德膜的完整性。结果OD组在窦壁外钻孔1 mm后引起窦穿孔，50例中有8例（16%）穿孔。ICSD组仅在钻孔2mm后出现穿孔，50个中有3个穿孔（6%）。在OD组中，70%的穿孔发生在3毫米以内，而在ICSD组中，这一比例为44%。大多数外径穿孔发生在2 - 3mm之间，而在ICSD组中，它们发生在3 - 4mm之间。ICSD组在钻出窦壁1mm处未见穿孔。结论不同设计的钻头对钻头向前超出窦壁的容忍度不同。ICSD组直到钻头穿过窦壁2mm才出现窦膜穿孔，而OD组则会出现超过窦壁小于1mm的穿孔。

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