Pub Date : 2017-08-14DOI: 10.4172/2329-6631.1000173
Umar Farooq Gohar, Sadia Khubaib, Asad Mehmood
The aim of present study was to determine the self-medication trends in children by their parents, knowledge of selfmedication and their attitude towards this practice. Factors that enforced them to do this practice were also determined along with their source of information about drug use. Total 400 parents were randomly selected and interviewed. It was observed that self-medication prevalence in children by their parents was 77.25% with male and female ratio 49% and 51%. Self-medication awareness was 66% among total parents and this practice was more in children of age 1-5 years i.e., 47%. Most common conditions for self-medication were fever, cough, flu, vomiting, diarrhoea and allergies. Frequently used drug groups include antipyretics, cough and cold preparation, antimicrobials, antiemetics and antiallergy. It was also observed that 45% of parents practiced self-medication 3-4 times per year and the main reasons behind this practice were perception of illness, previous experience, lack of time, financial constraint and leftover medicines. Old prescriptions, family members, friends and medical stores were common source of self-medication. This study also revealed that 57% of parents reported recovery after self-medication. It was also observed that 63% of parents informed physician about self-medication in their children and 18% reported that their child became sicker after self-medication. Out of total 56% participants were agreed that self-medication is unsafe for their children.
{"title":"Self-Medication Trends in Children by Their Parents","authors":"Umar Farooq Gohar, Sadia Khubaib, Asad Mehmood","doi":"10.4172/2329-6631.1000173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6631.1000173","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of present study was to determine the self-medication trends in children by their parents, knowledge of selfmedication and their attitude towards this practice. Factors that enforced them to do this practice were also determined along with their source of information about drug use. Total 400 parents were randomly selected and interviewed. It was observed that self-medication prevalence in children by their parents was 77.25% with male and female ratio 49% and 51%. Self-medication awareness was 66% among total parents and this practice was more in children of age 1-5 years i.e., 47%. Most common conditions for self-medication were fever, cough, flu, vomiting, diarrhoea and allergies. Frequently used drug groups include antipyretics, cough and cold preparation, antimicrobials, antiemetics and antiallergy. It was also observed that 45% of parents practiced self-medication 3-4 times per year and the main reasons behind this practice were perception of illness, previous experience, lack of time, financial constraint and leftover medicines. Old prescriptions, family members, friends and medical stores were common source of self-medication. This study also revealed that 57% of parents reported recovery after self-medication. It was also observed that 63% of parents informed physician about self-medication in their children and 18% reported that their child became sicker after self-medication. Out of total 56% participants were agreed that self-medication is unsafe for their children.","PeriodicalId":15589,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Drugs","volume":"136 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76448424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-08DOI: 10.4172/2329-6631.1000172
Xuesheng Zheng
Background: Blepharospasm is a focal dystonia presented with continuous involuntary contractions of the muscles surrounding the eyes, causing frequent eyelid closure and visual disturbance. The current treatments for blepharospasm are not very satisfactory. This is a retrospective study of the therapeutic effect of dextromethorphan on blepharospasm. Methods: This retrospective study included 22 patients with essential blepharospasm, who were treated with dextromethorphan. The effect was evaluated using Jankovic Rating Scale (JRS) and Blepharospasm Disability Index (BSDI). Results: Before dextromethorphan treatment, the baseline JRS score is 5.55 ± 1.10 points, and the BSDI score was 2.87 ± 0.59 points. After 1 week of dextromethorphan treatment, the JRS score decreased to 2.82 ± 0.85 points, and the BSDI score decreased to 1.36 ± 0.58 points. In the following 3 weeks of treatment, the JRS and BSDI scores kept in a steady state. One week after the dextromethorphan treatment, the JRS score (5.41 ± 1.01 points) and BSDI score (2.63 ± 0.64 points) returned to the pre-treatment baseline level. Conclusion: We found that dextromethorphan is effective in patients with blepharospasm, and this finding might imply an alternative treatment option to blepharospams.
{"title":"Dextromethorphan is Effective for Essential Blepharospasm","authors":"Xuesheng Zheng","doi":"10.4172/2329-6631.1000172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6631.1000172","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Blepharospasm is a focal dystonia presented with continuous involuntary contractions of the muscles surrounding the eyes, causing frequent eyelid closure and visual disturbance. The current treatments for blepharospasm are not very satisfactory. This is a retrospective study of the therapeutic effect of dextromethorphan on blepharospasm. \u0000 \u0000Methods: This retrospective study included 22 patients with essential blepharospasm, who were treated with dextromethorphan. The effect was evaluated using Jankovic Rating Scale (JRS) and Blepharospasm Disability Index (BSDI). \u0000 \u0000Results: Before dextromethorphan treatment, the baseline JRS score is 5.55 ± 1.10 points, and the BSDI score was 2.87 ± 0.59 points. After 1 week of dextromethorphan treatment, the JRS score decreased to 2.82 ± 0.85 points, and the BSDI score decreased to 1.36 ± 0.58 points. In the following 3 weeks of treatment, the JRS and BSDI scores kept in a steady state. One week after the dextromethorphan treatment, the JRS score (5.41 ± 1.01 points) and BSDI score (2.63 ± 0.64 points) returned to the pre-treatment baseline level. \u0000 \u0000Conclusion: We found that dextromethorphan is effective in patients with blepharospasm, and this finding might imply an alternative treatment option to blepharospams.","PeriodicalId":15589,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Drugs","volume":"226 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76091605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-28DOI: 10.4172/2329-6631.1000171
H. Baishya
The aim of present work is to determine and analyse the kinetics of drug release from the matrix tablet by employing various mathematical models. A study was done with Carbidopa and Levodopa ER tablets, 50 mg/200 mg by employing wet granulation technique using Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and Hydroxypropyl cellulose as matrix forming polymer. The in-vitro drug release profile was carried out in 0.1 N HCl (900 mL) using USP dissolution apparatus II (Paddle) at 50 rpm at an extended time period of 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 and 4 hours. The drug release data was obtained, quantitatively correlated and interpreted with various mathematical models viz. Zero order model, first order model, Higuchi model, Hixson-Crowell model and Korsmeyer-Peppas model and evaluated to understand the kinetics of drug release. The criterion for the most suitable model was based on the high degree of coefficient of correlation of drug release profile of Carbidopa Levodopa ER Tablet. Hence, finally concluded as the drug release pattern of Carbidopa Levodopa ER Tablets, 50 mg/200 mg was best fitted with Higuchi square root model and follows Higuchi drug release kinetics which is diffusion controlled.
{"title":"Application of Mathematical Models in Drug Release Kinetics of Carbidopa and Levodopa ER Tablets","authors":"H. Baishya","doi":"10.4172/2329-6631.1000171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6631.1000171","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of present work is to determine and analyse the kinetics of drug release from the matrix tablet by employing various mathematical models. A study was done with Carbidopa and Levodopa ER tablets, 50 mg/200 mg by employing wet granulation technique using Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and Hydroxypropyl cellulose as matrix forming polymer. The in-vitro drug release profile was carried out in 0.1 N HCl (900 mL) using USP dissolution apparatus II (Paddle) at 50 rpm at an extended time period of 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 and 4 hours. The drug release data was obtained, quantitatively correlated and interpreted with various mathematical models viz. Zero order model, first order model, Higuchi model, Hixson-Crowell model and Korsmeyer-Peppas model and evaluated to understand the kinetics of drug release. The criterion for the most suitable model was based on the high degree of coefficient of correlation of drug release profile of Carbidopa Levodopa ER Tablet. Hence, finally concluded as the drug release pattern of Carbidopa Levodopa ER Tablets, 50 mg/200 mg was best fitted with Higuchi square root model and follows Higuchi drug release kinetics which is diffusion controlled.","PeriodicalId":15589,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Drugs","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79140320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-19DOI: 10.4172/2329-6631.1000E154
A. Heidari
Olympiadane nanomolecules are a mechanically-interlocked molecule composed of five interlocking macrocycles that resembles the olympic rings. The nanomolecule is a linear pentacatenane or a catenane [1,2]. It was synthesized and named by Fraser Stoddart and co-workers in 1994 [1,2]. The molecule was designed without any practical use in mind, although other catenanes may have possible application to the construction of a molecular computer in Nano scale (Figures 1 and 2) [1,2]. Furthermore, Olympiadane nanomolecules are an important class of ring fused heterocyclic Nano compounds exhibit a wide spectrum of biological, medical, medicinal, pharmaceutical, chemical and clinical activities as agent for cancer enzymotherapy, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormone therapy and targeted therapy under synchrotorn radiation [3–34]. Therefore, development of new and efficient synthetic method for the preparation of these Nano compounds is of importance in both synthetic organic chemistry and also medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry. The classical synthesis, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, dosing, stability, safety and efficacy of Olympiadane nanomolecules mainly involve the use of acylchlordie and 2–pyridylalkylamine, followed by subsequent functionalization to anchor various electrophilic reagents. Other approaches include the use of imine derivatives, 2– cyanopyridine, and recently, benzotriazoles. During the course of our studies towards the development of new routes to the synthesis, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, dosing, stability, safety and efficacy of fused Nitrogen heterocyclic Nano compounds, we wish to introduce a valid and an efficient procedure for the synthesis, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, dosing, stability, safety and efficacy of Olympiadane nanomolecules via one–pot condensation of pyridyl ketone with aldehyde and NH4OAc in the presence of Lithium Chloride as an inexpensive neutral Lewis acid using microwave irradiation.
{"title":"Study of Synthesis, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, Dosing, Stability, Safety and Efficacy of Olympiadane Nanomolecules as Agent for Cancer Enzymotherapy, Immunotherapy, Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy, Hormone Therapy and Targeted Therapy Under Synchrotorn Radiation","authors":"A. Heidari","doi":"10.4172/2329-6631.1000E154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6631.1000E154","url":null,"abstract":"Olympiadane nanomolecules are a mechanically-interlocked molecule composed of five interlocking macrocycles that resembles the olympic rings. The nanomolecule is a linear pentacatenane or a catenane [1,2]. It was synthesized and named by Fraser Stoddart and co-workers in 1994 [1,2]. The molecule was designed without any practical use in mind, although other catenanes may have possible application to the construction of a molecular computer in Nano scale (Figures 1 and 2) [1,2]. Furthermore, Olympiadane nanomolecules are an important class of ring fused heterocyclic Nano compounds exhibit a wide spectrum of biological, medical, medicinal, pharmaceutical, chemical and clinical activities as agent for cancer enzymotherapy, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormone therapy and targeted therapy under synchrotorn radiation [3–34]. Therefore, development of new and efficient synthetic method for the preparation of these Nano compounds is of importance in both synthetic organic chemistry and also medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry. The classical synthesis, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, dosing, stability, safety and efficacy of Olympiadane nanomolecules mainly involve the use of acylchlordie and 2–pyridylalkylamine, followed by subsequent functionalization to anchor various electrophilic reagents. Other approaches include the use of imine derivatives, 2– cyanopyridine, and recently, benzotriazoles. During the course of our studies towards the development of new routes to the synthesis, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, dosing, stability, safety and efficacy of fused Nitrogen heterocyclic Nano compounds, we wish to introduce a valid and an efficient procedure for the synthesis, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, dosing, stability, safety and efficacy of Olympiadane nanomolecules via one–pot condensation of pyridyl ketone with aldehyde and NH4OAc in the presence of Lithium Chloride as an inexpensive neutral Lewis acid using microwave irradiation.","PeriodicalId":15589,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Drugs","volume":"49 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80837062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-11DOI: 10.4172/2329-6631.1000E152
M. Stoicescu
{"title":"The Liver â A Victim at the Middle â due to Association of OralAntidiabetics Drugs with Statin","authors":"M. Stoicescu","doi":"10.4172/2329-6631.1000E152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6631.1000E152","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15589,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Drugs","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88275591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-10DOI: 10.4172/2329-6631.1000E153
Amy Wang, Amrita Saini, Noosrat Hyder
Obesity is an epidemic in the United States, and affects around onethird of the population in the United States. Diagnosis of obesity is generally based on body mass index (BMI), which estimates total body fat content. BMI is calculated by dividing body weight (in kilograms) over body surface area (in meters squared). Based on the standards established by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, normal weight is defined as BMI of 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2. Patients with BMI of 25 to 29.9 kg/m2 are considered to be overweight, while those with BMI greater than 30 are classified as being obese. The obese category is further divided into 3 categories: grade 1 (BMI 30 to 34.9 kg/m2), grade 2 (BMI 35 to 39.9 kg/m2), and grade 3 (BMI of 40 or higher) [1]. However, the association between obesity and cardiovascular (CV) disease is not clearly established, and being underweight may even increase the risk of heart disease.
{"title":"Association between Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: Is There One?","authors":"Amy Wang, Amrita Saini, Noosrat Hyder","doi":"10.4172/2329-6631.1000E153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6631.1000E153","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity is an epidemic in the United States, and affects around onethird of the population in the United States. Diagnosis of obesity is generally based on body mass index (BMI), which estimates total body fat content. BMI is calculated by dividing body weight (in kilograms) over body surface area (in meters squared). Based on the standards established by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, normal weight is defined as BMI of 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2. Patients with BMI of 25 to 29.9 kg/m2 are considered to be overweight, while those with BMI greater than 30 are classified as being obese. The obese category is further divided into 3 categories: grade 1 (BMI 30 to 34.9 kg/m2), grade 2 (BMI 35 to 39.9 kg/m2), and grade 3 (BMI of 40 or higher) [1]. However, the association between obesity and cardiovascular (CV) disease is not clearly established, and being underweight may even increase the risk of heart disease.","PeriodicalId":15589,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Drugs","volume":"44 17","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91510280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-24DOI: 10.4172/2329-6631.1000170
S. Ansari, Sadia Arif, N. Mushtaq, Ahsaan Ahmed, S. Akhtar, Rabya Munawar, H. Naseem, S. Meer, Z. S. Saify, M. Arif, Qurrat-ul-ain Leghari
In present study, some 4-piperidinopiperidine (PP) and 4-amino methylpiperidine (AMP) derivatives (PP1-3 and AMP4-9) have been synthesized to explore their analgesic potential. Activity of compounds evaluated by in-vivo thermal (tail immersion) method produced significant analgesia at different doses. Docking results explained good binding affinity of synthesized derivatives and potential interaction of all compounds with mu-opioid receptor. The pharmacophoric model of synthesized compounds showed possible structural features required for analgesic activity when compared with standards (Fentanyl, Morphine, Pethidine). Among all PP1, AMP5 and AMP6 emerged out as potent analgesic agents. Graphical abstract
{"title":"Synthesis, Pharmacological Evaluation and In-Silico Studies of Some Piperidine Derivatives as Potent Analgesic Agents","authors":"S. Ansari, Sadia Arif, N. Mushtaq, Ahsaan Ahmed, S. Akhtar, Rabya Munawar, H. Naseem, S. Meer, Z. S. Saify, M. Arif, Qurrat-ul-ain Leghari","doi":"10.4172/2329-6631.1000170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6631.1000170","url":null,"abstract":"In present study, some 4-piperidinopiperidine (PP) and 4-amino methylpiperidine (AMP) derivatives (PP1-3 and AMP4-9) have been synthesized to explore their analgesic potential. Activity of compounds evaluated by in-vivo thermal (tail immersion) method produced significant analgesia at different doses. Docking results explained good binding affinity of synthesized derivatives and potential interaction of all compounds with mu-opioid receptor. The pharmacophoric model of synthesized compounds showed possible structural features required for analgesic activity when compared with standards (Fentanyl, Morphine, Pethidine). Among all PP1, AMP5 and AMP6 emerged out as potent analgesic agents. \u0000Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":15589,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Drugs","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79990786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-20DOI: 10.4172/2329-6631.1000169
S. R., S. D, Garg R
Since, the last four decades, the concept of mucoadhesion has achieved a much valuable interest in the various fields of pharmaceutics. There are many advantages of mucoadhesive buccal drug delivery system that made this a novel drug delivery system for the local as well as systemic delivery of various drugs. The main advantage of this drug delivery system is that it prolongs the residence time of the dosage form at the site of application. Due to the high blood supply and relatively high permeability of the buccal mucosa, the buccal cavity is the best option for both local as well as systemic delivery of various drugs. The term bioadhesion can be defined as a phenomenon of interfacial molecular attractive forces in the midst layer of surface of a biological membrane and the natural or synthetic polymers, which allows the polymer to adhere the surface of that membrane for an extended as well as prolonged period of time. In this review we have discussed the various types of mucoadhesive dosage forms along with a brief knowledge about the various types of mucoadhesive polymers. The buccal mucoadhesive dosage forms can be either of matrix or of reservoir types. The main advantage of this route for drug delivery is that, the delivery by this route by passes the first pass metabolism of various drugs that are prone to the their hepatic first pass metabolism. This review provides the brief knowledge about the oral mucosal drug delivery by discussing briefly the structural features of mucosa, mechanism of bioadhesion, various theories of bioadhesion, general considerations in design of mucoadhesive buccal dosage forms, permeation enhancers, and the various evaluation methods along with the literature survey of the buccal mucoadhesive drug delivery system.
{"title":"Review on Mucoadhesive Drug Delivery System with Special Emphasis on Buccal Route: An Important Tool in Designing of Novel Controlled Drug Delivery System for the Effective Delivery of Pharmaceuticals","authors":"S. R., S. D, Garg R","doi":"10.4172/2329-6631.1000169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6631.1000169","url":null,"abstract":"Since, the last four decades, the concept of mucoadhesion has achieved a much valuable interest in the various fields of pharmaceutics. There are many advantages of mucoadhesive buccal drug delivery system that made this a novel drug delivery system for the local as well as systemic delivery of various drugs. The main advantage of this drug delivery system is that it prolongs the residence time of the dosage form at the site of application. Due to the high blood supply and relatively high permeability of the buccal mucosa, the buccal cavity is the best option for both local as well as systemic delivery of various drugs. The term bioadhesion can be defined as a phenomenon of interfacial molecular attractive forces in the midst layer of surface of a biological membrane and the natural or synthetic polymers, which allows the polymer to adhere the surface of that membrane for an extended as well as prolonged period of time. In this review we have discussed the various types of mucoadhesive dosage forms along with a brief knowledge about the various types of mucoadhesive polymers. The buccal mucoadhesive dosage forms can be either of matrix or of reservoir types. The main advantage of this route for drug delivery is that, the delivery by this route by passes the first pass metabolism of various drugs that are prone to the their hepatic first pass metabolism. This review provides the brief knowledge about the oral mucosal drug delivery by discussing briefly the structural features of mucosa, mechanism of bioadhesion, various theories of bioadhesion, general considerations in design of mucoadhesive buccal dosage forms, permeation enhancers, and the various evaluation methods along with the literature survey of the buccal mucoadhesive drug delivery system.","PeriodicalId":15589,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Drugs","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87446040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-19DOI: 10.4172/2329-6631.1000E151
J. M. Argiles, F. López‐Soriano, S. Busquets
Josep M Argilés1,2*, Francisco Javier López-Soriano1,2 and Sílvia Busquets1,2 1Cancer Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain 2Institut de Biomedicina de la, Universitat de Barcelona, (IBUB) Barcelona, Spain *Corresponding author: Josep M Argilés, Cancer Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, E-mail: jargiles@ub.edu
{"title":"Searching for the Ideal Therapy for Cancer Cachexia","authors":"J. M. Argiles, F. López‐Soriano, S. Busquets","doi":"10.4172/2329-6631.1000E151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6631.1000E151","url":null,"abstract":"Josep M Argilés1,2*, Francisco Javier López-Soriano1,2 and Sílvia Busquets1,2 1Cancer Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain 2Institut de Biomedicina de la, Universitat de Barcelona, (IBUB) Barcelona, Spain *Corresponding author: Josep M Argilés, Cancer Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, E-mail: jargiles@ub.edu","PeriodicalId":15589,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Drugs","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78489237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-05DOI: 10.4172/2329-6631.1000168
R. Kausar, N. Waris, A. Raza, Z. Saify, S. Fatima
The present study concerns behavioral, biochemical and hematological effects of new synthesized adrenergic related compound 1-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) ethan-1-one, which have similar structural activity to adrenergic receptor agonist. With intraperitoneal injection in rats, stimulatory activity in home cage, anxiolytic effect in light and dark and locomotors activity in open field were significantly increased. Biochemical effects of glucose and cholesterol were checked by kit (CHOD-PAP) method were significantly decreased. Liver enzymes including, Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and SGOT were markedly decreased but, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level was markedly increased. In hematological study, after administration of compound hemoglobin (Hb) level was significantly increased in test group of rats. Results indicate that new adrenergic related antidepressant compound not only enhanced the stimulation, locomotion and released depression and anxiety but also, this antidepressant compound show more effectiveness in depression to prevent diabetes and heart diseases.
{"title":"Behavioral, Biochemical and Hematological Studies of New Synthetic Adrenergic Related Antidepressant Compound on Rats","authors":"R. Kausar, N. Waris, A. Raza, Z. Saify, S. Fatima","doi":"10.4172/2329-6631.1000168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6631.1000168","url":null,"abstract":"The present study concerns behavioral, biochemical and hematological effects of new synthesized adrenergic related compound 1-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-(4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) ethan-1-one, which have similar structural activity to adrenergic receptor agonist. With intraperitoneal injection in rats, stimulatory activity in home cage, anxiolytic effect in light and dark and locomotors activity in open field were significantly increased. Biochemical effects of glucose and cholesterol were checked by kit (CHOD-PAP) method were significantly decreased. Liver enzymes including, Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and SGOT were markedly decreased but, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level was markedly increased. In hematological study, after administration of compound hemoglobin (Hb) level was significantly increased in test group of rats. Results indicate that new adrenergic related antidepressant compound not only enhanced the stimulation, locomotion and released depression and anxiety but also, this antidepressant compound show more effectiveness in depression to prevent diabetes and heart diseases.","PeriodicalId":15589,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developing Drugs","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74781659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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