Background: Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is characterized by progressive weakening of the immune system attributed to the decrease in the number of circulating CD4+ T-helper cells. This predisposes HIV patients to a variety of opportunistic infections and neoplastic disorders. also lead to defective hematopoiesis and a decrease in cell lineage. Haematological parameters including red blood cells, white blood cells, platelet and hemoglobin are widely used clinical indicators of health and disease. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess haematological parameters in HIV patients attending Kabutare District hospital. Methodology: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted to assess haematological parameters in HIV patients attending Kabutare District hospital. Venous blood sample were collected for complete blood count which was determined using sysmex 500i machine automation analyser. Results: A total of 80 HIV infected patient participated. 7.5% of the study participants were proven to have white blood cells below the normal range as it was below 4.26.25% of patients were found below the normal range of red blood cells. Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels of 35% patients were found to below their normal ranges. 10% of patient were found to have low platelet and 23.5% were found to have low levels of lymphocytes. Association between CD4 counts and hemoglobin levels was significant with p value of 0.000 as it is less than confidence level of 0.05. Conclusion: This study concluded that haematological parameters are affected by HIV infection and there is association between CD4 counts and hemoglobin concentration levels. I would recommend health practioners to also consider complete blood count as prognostic test of HIV as it is clinical health indicator and diseases. Keywords: Haematological parameters, Human Immunodeficiency virus, CD4 counts, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
{"title":"Assessment of haematological parameters in HIV patients attending Kabutare district Hospital","authors":"Ntivuguruzwa Emmanuel, Ishimwe ALAIN PRUDENCE, Ufiteyezu Pierre Danny, Imurinde Yoranda, Uwiringiyimana Athanasie","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i7.6676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i7.6676","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is characterized by progressive weakening of the immune system attributed to the decrease in the number of circulating CD4+ T-helper cells. This predisposes HIV patients to a variety of opportunistic infections and neoplastic disorders. also lead to defective hematopoiesis and a decrease in cell lineage. Haematological parameters including red blood cells, white blood cells, platelet and hemoglobin are widely used clinical indicators of health and disease. \u0000Aim: The aim of this study was to assess haematological parameters in HIV patients attending Kabutare District hospital. \u0000Methodology: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted to assess haematological parameters in HIV patients attending Kabutare District hospital. Venous blood sample were collected for complete blood count which was determined using sysmex 500i machine automation analyser. \u0000Results: A total of 80 HIV infected patient participated. 7.5% of the study participants were proven to have white blood cells below the normal range as it was below 4.26.25% of patients were found below the normal range of red blood cells. Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels of 35% patients were found to below their normal ranges. 10% of patient were found to have low platelet and 23.5% were found to have low levels of lymphocytes. Association between CD4 counts and hemoglobin levels was significant with p value of 0.000 as it is less than confidence level of 0.05. \u0000Conclusion: This study concluded that haematological parameters are affected by HIV infection and there is association between CD4 counts and hemoglobin concentration levels. I would recommend health practioners to also consider complete blood count as prognostic test of HIV as it is clinical health indicator and diseases. \u0000Keywords: Haematological parameters, Human Immunodeficiency virus, CD4 counts, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141833204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i7.6696
Abhijeet Singh, Arpit Shrivastava, Harshita Jain, Vaishali Yadav, Abhishek Soni
Since ancient times, medicinal plants have been utilised to treat a wide range of illnesses. Research on the therapeutic effects of various plant parts has a lot of promise. The biological activity of Calotropis procera roots, stem, leaves, and fruits are well-known. The plant Calotropis procera exhibits a wide range of pharmacological properties, including hepatoprotective, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, and anti-diabetic effects. The current study demonstrated the sub-acute toxicity, phytochemical screening, and anti-inflammatory properties of a hydro-ethanolic extract of Calotropis procera leaves. For 14 days, the extract's acute toxicity (2000 mg/kg) was studied in Wistar rats. The established test procedure described in the literature was used to determine the quantitative analysis of total phenolics and flavonoids as well as the qualitative analysis of different phytochemical constituents. The Folins Ciocalteau reagent and the aluminium chloride method were used for the quantitative measurement of flavonoids and phenolics, respectively. Alkaloids, glycosides, sugars, tannins, flavonoids, and steroids were all found by phytochemical study. The extract of Calotropis procera has a total phenolic content of 0.475 mg/100 mg, which was followed by flavonoids (0.689 mg/100 mg).Up to 2000 mg/kg of hydroalcoholic extract did not have any harmful effects. In a dose-dependent way, the hydroalcoholic extract of Calotropis procera (100 and 200 mg/kg) reduced the inflammation in rats caused by formalin and carrageenan. Calotropis procera hydroalcoholic extract has potent anti-inflammatory properties and could be a promising source of anti-inflammatory chemicals. Keyword: Calotropis procera, Carrageenan, Formalin, Anti-inflammatory effect, Phytochemical screening, Folins Ciocalteau reagent
{"title":"Phytochemical Screening and In Vivo Anti-inflammatory Activity of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Calotropis procera Leaves Extract","authors":"Abhijeet Singh, Arpit Shrivastava, Harshita Jain, Vaishali Yadav, Abhishek Soni","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i7.6696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i7.6696","url":null,"abstract":"Since ancient times, medicinal plants have been utilised to treat a wide range of illnesses. Research on the therapeutic effects of various plant parts has a lot of promise. The biological activity of Calotropis procera roots, stem, leaves, and fruits are well-known. The plant Calotropis procera exhibits a wide range of pharmacological properties, including hepatoprotective, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, and anti-diabetic effects. The current study demonstrated the sub-acute toxicity, phytochemical screening, and anti-inflammatory properties of a hydro-ethanolic extract of Calotropis procera leaves. For 14 days, the extract's acute toxicity (2000 mg/kg) was studied in Wistar rats. The established test procedure described in the literature was used to determine the quantitative analysis of total phenolics and flavonoids as well as the qualitative analysis of different phytochemical constituents. The Folins Ciocalteau reagent and the aluminium chloride method were used for the quantitative measurement of flavonoids and phenolics, respectively. Alkaloids, glycosides, sugars, tannins, flavonoids, and steroids were all found by phytochemical study. The extract of Calotropis procera has a total phenolic content of 0.475 mg/100 mg, which was followed by flavonoids (0.689 mg/100 mg).Up to 2000 mg/kg of hydroalcoholic extract did not have any harmful effects. In a dose-dependent way, the hydroalcoholic extract of Calotropis procera (100 and 200 mg/kg) reduced the inflammation in rats caused by formalin and carrageenan. Calotropis procera hydroalcoholic extract has potent anti-inflammatory properties and could be a promising source of anti-inflammatory chemicals. \u0000Keyword: Calotropis procera, Carrageenan, Formalin, Anti-inflammatory effect, Phytochemical screening, Folins Ciocalteau reagent","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141833432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i7.6656
Mohini Yadav, T. Mandhare, V. Jadhav, Kishor Otari
The targeted drug delivery is designed for endeavouring to concentrate the drug in the tissues of curiosity while reducing relative concentration of medication in the remaining tissues. There for drug is localized on the targeted site. Hence, surrounding tissues are not affected by the drug. Controlled drug delivery systems can overcome the issues associated with conventional medication therapy and improve a drug's therapeutic efficacy. Microspheres are free-flowing powders made of proteins or synthetic polymers with particle sizes ranging from 1 to 1000 µm. The multiplicity of techniques for preparing microspheres provides numerous chances to manage elements of drug administration and improve the therapeutic efficacy of a certain medicine. There are several techniques for delivering a medicinal chemical to the target region in a prolonged controlled release manner. Microspheres contain a drug encased in a unique polymeric membrane, making them ideal for novel drug delivery strategies such as diseased cell sorting, diagnostics, gene and genetic materials, safe and effective in vivo delivery, and supplements as miniature versions of diseased organs and tissues. Keywords: Microspheres, Controlled release Therapeutic effectiveness, novel medication delivery.
{"title":"A Review on Microspheres as a Promising Drug Carrier","authors":"Mohini Yadav, T. Mandhare, V. Jadhav, Kishor Otari","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i7.6656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i7.6656","url":null,"abstract":"The targeted drug delivery is designed for endeavouring to concentrate the drug in the tissues of curiosity while reducing relative concentration of medication in the remaining tissues. There for drug is localized on the targeted site. Hence, surrounding tissues are not affected by the drug. Controlled drug delivery systems can overcome the issues associated with conventional medication therapy and improve a drug's therapeutic efficacy. Microspheres are free-flowing powders made of proteins or synthetic polymers with particle sizes ranging from 1 to 1000 µm. The multiplicity of techniques for preparing microspheres provides numerous chances to manage elements of drug administration and improve the therapeutic efficacy of a certain medicine. There are several techniques for delivering a medicinal chemical to the target region in a prolonged controlled release manner. Microspheres contain a drug encased in a unique polymeric membrane, making them ideal for novel drug delivery strategies such as diseased cell sorting, diagnostics, gene and genetic materials, safe and effective in vivo delivery, and supplements as miniature versions of diseased organs and tissues. \u0000Keywords: Microspheres, Controlled release Therapeutic effectiveness, novel medication delivery.","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141832908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Depression often known as depressive disorder is described by a persistent lack of enjoyment, enthusiasm in pursuits, or melancholy feelings. Depression is not the same as normal mood swings and feelings about day-to-day living. It could affect every aspect of life, including relationships with friends, family, and the community. It could be brought on by or exacerbated by problems at work or in the classroom. This study aims to evaluate antidepressant like activity of ethanolic extract of roots of Boerhavia diffusa (Nyctaginaceae). control and cure of this diseases, a vast variety of medications are used daily. The herbal drugs are biodegradable and are natural medications hence are becoming more and more popular. Using a Soxhlet equipment and a normal extraction procedure, the ethanolic extract was produced. The mice were administered several dosages of the extract (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) in addition to the vehicle (normal saline) for the control group & ARS (Acute Restraint Stress) Group and fluoxetine as the conventional medication. The mice were subjected to ARS and were treated with ethanolic extract of Boerhavia diffusa at a dose of 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg respectively. After that they were subjected to animal models, the tail suspension test (TST), force suspension test (FST) to assess the antidepressant potential and open field test (OFT), to assess locomotor & antidepressant potential of administered drug The TST revealed prolonged immobility in the BDEE (Boerhavia diffusa ethanolic extract) treated animals. The crossing over of squares activity in the OFT rose, indicating a decline in depression levels. The mice's FST revealed a decrease in their ability to reach the plateau stage following immobility. According to the study, BDEE demonstrates strong antidepressant effect and offer a natural alternative to pharmaceutical treatment for depression disorders. In futuristic study, further investigation is required to identify certain active molecules and have a deeper comprehension of the underlying processes of action. Keywords: Antidepressant activity, Boerhavia diffusa, Tail suspension test, Forced swim test, Open field test, Traditional medicine
{"title":"Evaluation of Antidepressant Like Activity of Extract of Boerhavia diffusa in Swiss Albino Mice","authors":"Shailja Yadav, Saumya Malaiya, Harshita Jain, Arpit Shrivastava","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i7.6680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i7.6680","url":null,"abstract":"Depression often known as depressive disorder is described by a persistent lack of enjoyment, enthusiasm in pursuits, or melancholy feelings. Depression is not the same as normal mood swings and feelings about day-to-day living. It could affect every aspect of life, including relationships with friends, family, and the community. It could be brought on by or exacerbated by problems at work or in the classroom. This study aims to evaluate antidepressant like activity of ethanolic extract of roots of Boerhavia diffusa (Nyctaginaceae). control and cure of this diseases, a vast variety of medications are used daily. The herbal drugs are biodegradable and are natural medications hence are becoming more and more popular. Using a Soxhlet equipment and a normal extraction procedure, the ethanolic extract was produced. The mice were administered several dosages of the extract (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) in addition to the vehicle (normal saline) for the control group & ARS (Acute Restraint Stress) Group and fluoxetine as the conventional medication. The mice were subjected to ARS and were treated with ethanolic extract of Boerhavia diffusa at a dose of 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg respectively. After that they were subjected to animal models, the tail suspension test (TST), force suspension test (FST) to assess the antidepressant potential and open field test (OFT), to assess locomotor & antidepressant potential of administered drug The TST revealed prolonged immobility in the BDEE (Boerhavia diffusa ethanolic extract) treated animals. The crossing over of squares activity in the OFT rose, indicating a decline in depression levels. The mice's FST revealed a decrease in their ability to reach the plateau stage following immobility. According to the study, BDEE demonstrates strong antidepressant effect and offer a natural alternative to pharmaceutical treatment for depression disorders. In futuristic study, further investigation is required to identify certain active molecules and have a deeper comprehension of the underlying processes of action. \u0000Keywords: Antidepressant activity, Boerhavia diffusa, Tail suspension test, Forced swim test, Open field test, Traditional medicine","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" 114","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141833715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i7.6681
Malini Sen, Niladri Ghosh
Objective: Anxiety is an unpleasant emotional state. When it becomes excessive, it needs medical intervention. The intent of this study was to assess and to compare the potential of aqueous and ethanolic extracts obtained from the tuber of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius to alleviate anxiety in Swiss albino mice. Method: A. paeoniifolius tuber was procured, shed dried and ground to powder. Then it was extracted using water and ethanol by cold maceration and soxhlation technique respectively. The extracts were underwent phytochemical screening. The aqueous and ethanolic extract was subsequently examined for its anxiety-reducing effects at various doses (100mg/kg, 150mg/kg and 250mg/kg) employing different animal anxiety models such as the open field test, elevated plus maze test, light and dark box test. Result: The extracts were found to contain alkaloid, flavonoid, reducing sugar, carbohydrate, tannin, steroid and triterpenoids when they underwent phytochemical screening. Both the extract shows potent anxiolytic activity in all three animal models of anxiety when compared to control in Swiss albino mice. However, ethanolic extract shows more significant anxiolytic activity than aqueous extract. 250mg/kg ethanolic extract showed highest anxiety amelioration when compared to all other doses. Conclusion: Amorphophallus paeoniifolius aqueous and ethanolic extract is effective in ameliorating anxiety in Swiss albino mice. Keywords: Amorphophallus paeoniifolius; Anxiolytic activity; Animal behavioural tests; Medicinal plants
{"title":"A Comparison Between Ethanolic and Aqueous Extracts of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius Tuber in Amelioration of Experimentally Induced Anxiety in Swiss Albino Mice","authors":"Malini Sen, Niladri Ghosh","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i7.6681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i7.6681","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Anxiety is an unpleasant emotional state. When it becomes excessive, it needs medical intervention. The intent of this study was to assess and to compare the potential of aqueous and ethanolic extracts obtained from the tuber of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius to alleviate anxiety in Swiss albino mice. \u0000Method: A. paeoniifolius tuber was procured, shed dried and ground to powder. Then it was extracted using water and ethanol by cold maceration and soxhlation technique respectively. The extracts were underwent phytochemical screening. The aqueous and ethanolic extract was subsequently examined for its anxiety-reducing effects at various doses (100mg/kg, 150mg/kg and 250mg/kg) employing different animal anxiety models such as the open field test, elevated plus maze test, light and dark box test. \u0000Result: The extracts were found to contain alkaloid, flavonoid, reducing sugar, carbohydrate, tannin, steroid and triterpenoids when they underwent phytochemical screening. Both the extract shows potent anxiolytic activity in all three animal models of anxiety when compared to control in Swiss albino mice. However, ethanolic extract shows more significant anxiolytic activity than aqueous extract. 250mg/kg ethanolic extract showed highest anxiety amelioration when compared to all other doses. \u0000Conclusion: Amorphophallus paeoniifolius aqueous and ethanolic extract is effective in ameliorating anxiety in Swiss albino mice. \u0000Keywords: Amorphophallus paeoniifolius; Anxiolytic activity; Animal behavioural tests; Medicinal plants","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" 70","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141833295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i7.6686
Dr. Raghubanshi, Dr. Amir, Mohd Tauseef Alam, Barkat Bari, N. Sehar, Ziaul Haq Siddiqi, Arifa Khatoon, Mohammad Idris, Mohd Nafees Khan, Jamal Akhtar
Qalaee is Unani name of tin (stannum), which is a metallic element, belongs to group 14 of periodic table. Atomic number of tin is 50 and its atomic mass is 119. Qalaee (Tin) consist two types of compounds, inorganic tin compounds and organic tin compounds. Several toxic and adverse effect studies of Qalaee (stannum) have been reported such as, Respiratory Effects, Gastrointestinal Effects, Haematological Effects, Renal Effects, Dermal Effects, Ocular Effects, Immunological and Lymph reticular Effects, Neurological Effects, Cardiovascular Effects, Body weight effect and reproductive effects. Some studies on different pharmacological activities of tin also reported like, antibacterial activity, anticancer activity and anti-parasitic activity. In traditional system of medicine Qalaee is used in the form of Kusta or Bhasm for various disorders such as spermatorrhoea, excessive nocturnal emission, premature ejaculation and Syphilis etc. Its important Unani formulation is Kusta qalaee. Keyword: Qalaee (Stannum), Action and Therapeutic use, adverse effect, Pharmacological action
{"title":"Qalaee (Stannum) metallic origin element, its chemical compounds, action, therapeutic uses, adverse effect and pharmacological activity studies: A Review","authors":"Dr. Raghubanshi, Dr. Amir, Mohd Tauseef Alam, Barkat Bari, N. Sehar, Ziaul Haq Siddiqi, Arifa Khatoon, Mohammad Idris, Mohd Nafees Khan, Jamal Akhtar","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i7.6686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i7.6686","url":null,"abstract":"Qalaee is Unani name of tin (stannum), which is a metallic element, belongs to group 14 of periodic table. Atomic number of tin is 50 and its atomic mass is 119. Qalaee (Tin) consist two types of compounds, inorganic tin compounds and organic tin compounds. Several toxic and adverse effect studies of Qalaee (stannum) have been reported such as, Respiratory Effects, Gastrointestinal Effects, Haematological Effects, Renal Effects, Dermal Effects, Ocular Effects, Immunological and Lymph reticular Effects, Neurological Effects, Cardiovascular Effects, Body weight effect and reproductive effects. Some studies on different pharmacological activities of tin also reported like, antibacterial activity, anticancer activity and anti-parasitic activity. In traditional system of medicine Qalaee is used in the form of Kusta or Bhasm for various disorders such as spermatorrhoea, excessive nocturnal emission, premature ejaculation and Syphilis etc. Its important Unani formulation is Kusta qalaee. \u0000Keyword: Qalaee (Stannum), Action and Therapeutic use, adverse effect, Pharmacological action","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141833832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current study uses rodent models to explore the anxiolytic properties of Hemidesmus indicus' ethanolic extract (EEHI). Hemidesmus indicus, an evergreen plant well-known for its therapeutic characteristics, has been widely used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat a variety of conditions, including anxiety. This study seeks to give scientific validation for its anxiolytic properties. The ethanolic extract was made using normal extraction processes and given to rodents in varied doses (100,200 and 400 mg/kg). The anxiolytic activity was assessed using a variety of widely recognized behavioural assays, including the Elevated Plus Maze (EPM), Open Field Test (OFT), and Light-Dark Box (LDB) test. Diazepam (2 mg/kg) served as the standard reference drug. The results revealed that EEHI significantly reduced anxiety-like behaviours in all three tests when compared to the control group. In the EPM test, EEHI-treated rodents spent more time and entered the open arms. In the OFT, ambulation, rearing and assisted rearing increased, indicating lower levels of anxiety. The LDB test supported these findings, with a significant increase in time spent in the light compartment. The study suggests that EEHI has promising anxiolytic activity and may offer a natural treatment alternative for anxiety disorders. Further research is needed to isolate specific active molecules and better understand the underlying mechanisms of action. Keywords: Hemidesmus indicus, Anxiolytic activity, Rodent model, Elevated plus maze, Open field test, Light-dark box test
{"title":"Pharmacological evaluation of anxiolytic activity of ethanolic extract of Hemidesmus indicus in rodent model","authors":"Saumya Malaiya, Shailja Yadav, Harshita Jain, Arpit Shrivastav","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i7.6677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i7.6677","url":null,"abstract":"The current study uses rodent models to explore the anxiolytic properties of Hemidesmus indicus' ethanolic extract (EEHI). Hemidesmus indicus, an evergreen plant well-known for its therapeutic characteristics, has been widely used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat a variety of conditions, including anxiety. This study seeks to give scientific validation for its anxiolytic properties. The ethanolic extract was made using normal extraction processes and given to rodents in varied doses (100,200 and 400 mg/kg). The anxiolytic activity was assessed using a variety of widely recognized behavioural assays, including the Elevated Plus Maze (EPM), Open Field Test (OFT), and Light-Dark Box (LDB) test. Diazepam (2 mg/kg) served as the standard reference drug. The results revealed that EEHI significantly reduced anxiety-like behaviours in all three tests when compared to the control group. In the EPM test, EEHI-treated rodents spent more time and entered the open arms. In the OFT, ambulation, rearing and assisted rearing increased, indicating lower levels of anxiety. The LDB test supported these findings, with a significant increase in time spent in the light compartment. The study suggests that EEHI has promising anxiolytic activity and may offer a natural treatment alternative for anxiety disorders. Further research is needed to isolate specific active molecules and better understand the underlying mechanisms of action. \u0000Keywords: Hemidesmus indicus, Anxiolytic activity, Rodent model, Elevated plus maze, Open field test, Light-dark box test \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141833456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-13DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i7.6703
Mannava Laharika Choudary, Medidi Srinivas, Bula Udaya Kumari
A RP-HPLC/UV method was developed and validated to quantify the etifoxine in capsule dosage form. The chromatographic separation was carried out using a Hypersil ODS C18 column (250×4.6 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of an ammonium acetate buffer: acetonitrile in a volumetric ratio of 40:60%. The UV wavelength chosen for detection was at 255 nm. The flow rate was set at 1 ml/min. The retention time for etifoxine was determined to be 2.074 min. Linearity was detected within the concentration range of 7.5-45 μg/mL for etifoxine. The approach has been confirmed to be linear, accurate, precise, robust, and has established limits of detection and quantitation. The established procedure was uncomplicated, cost-effective, and suitable for the routine analysis of etifoxine in capsule dosage form.
{"title":"Method Development and Validation for Estimation of Etifoxine in Capsule Dosage Form by Using RP-HPLC/UV","authors":"Mannava Laharika Choudary, Medidi Srinivas, Bula Udaya Kumari","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i7.6703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i7.6703","url":null,"abstract":"A RP-HPLC/UV method was developed and validated to quantify the etifoxine in capsule dosage form. The chromatographic separation was carried out using a Hypersil ODS C18 column (250×4.6 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of an ammonium acetate buffer: acetonitrile in a volumetric ratio of 40:60%. The UV wavelength chosen for detection was at 255 nm. The flow rate was set at 1 ml/min. The retention time for etifoxine was determined to be 2.074 min. Linearity was detected within the concentration range of 7.5-45 μg/mL for etifoxine. The approach has been confirmed to be linear, accurate, precise, robust, and has established limits of detection and quantitation. The established procedure was uncomplicated, cost-effective, and suitable for the routine analysis of etifoxine in capsule dosage form.","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141834301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: A cesarean infection is a referral hospital acquired bacterial infection that occurs after deliver by cesarean section which could be emergency or elective. As highlighted by the various researchers that the infections following a cesarean delivery, which some people call a C-section, are common. The wound coming into contact with bacteria or other harmful microbes is a common cause of these infections. The main objective of this study was the assessment of bacteria isolated from cesarean infection patients attending Ruhengeri level two teaching hospital. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted and total of 30 wound swabs of cesarean were collected from inpatient of Ruhengeri level two teaching hospital.Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software (version 20). Results: The results showed that the most predominant bacteria isolated from patients with cesarean infection was S. aureus (28.1%) followed by S. pyogenes (18.8%), K. pneumoniae (18.8%), P. aeruginosa (12.5%), S.epidermidis (9.4%), E. coli (6.3%) and P. mirabilis(6.3%). Antibiotics sensitivity test was performed, so this study showed the predominant antibiotic which were sensitively to different bacteria were Chloramphenicol, Gentamycin and Norfloxacin and most bacteria were resistance to Rifampicin and Vancomycin. Conclusion: This study has shown that there are many bacteria that may be isolated in cesarean infection. It has also shown that some of the isolated bacteria were sensitive and other were resistant to Rifampicin and Vancomycin. The study recommends that Rwandan government should create more clinical microbiological laboratory, in Rwanda, in order to minimize the antibiotic resistance and also on the side of health care providers, especially at Ruhengeri level two teaching hospital, they should use the experienced workers in order to minimise the risks of getting caesarean infection and also to recommend the patients taking care their wound. Keywords: Cesarean infection, Bacteria, Antibiotics, Bacteriological profile
{"title":"Bacteriological profile in patients with cesarean infection at Ruhengeri level two teaching Hospital","authors":"Habanabakize Jean Baptiste, Ishimwe Alain Prudence, Ntezirizaza Evariste, Kanobayita Nadia, Uwiringiyimana Athanasie","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6627","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A cesarean infection is a referral hospital acquired bacterial infection that occurs after deliver by cesarean section which could be emergency or elective. As highlighted by the various researchers that the infections following a cesarean delivery, which some people call a C-section, are common. The wound coming into contact with bacteria or other harmful microbes is a common cause of these infections. The main objective of this study was the assessment of bacteria isolated from cesarean infection patients attending Ruhengeri level two teaching hospital. \u0000Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted and total of 30 wound swabs of cesarean were collected from inpatient of Ruhengeri level two teaching hospital.Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software (version 20). \u0000Results: The results showed that the most predominant bacteria isolated from patients with cesarean infection was S. aureus (28.1%) followed by S. pyogenes (18.8%), K. pneumoniae (18.8%), P. aeruginosa (12.5%), S.epidermidis (9.4%), E. coli (6.3%) and P. mirabilis(6.3%). Antibiotics sensitivity test was performed, so this study showed the predominant antibiotic which were sensitively to different bacteria were Chloramphenicol, Gentamycin and Norfloxacin and most bacteria were resistance to Rifampicin and Vancomycin. \u0000Conclusion: This study has shown that there are many bacteria that may be isolated in cesarean infection. It has also shown that some of the isolated bacteria were sensitive and other were resistant to Rifampicin and Vancomycin. The study recommends that Rwandan government should create more clinical microbiological laboratory, in Rwanda, in order to minimize the antibiotic resistance and also on the side of health care providers, especially at Ruhengeri level two teaching hospital, they should use the experienced workers in order to minimise the risks of getting caesarean infection and also to recommend the patients taking care their wound. \u0000 Keywords: Cesarean infection, Bacteria, Antibiotics, Bacteriological profile","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141336553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6640
Pallav Dave
Digital health has been instrumental in revolutionizing healthcare by ensuring continuity of care, personalizing care, reducing errors and wastage, improving diagnostic accuracy, providing clinicians with decision-making support, and facilitating treatment and care beyond the clinical setting. All these benefits improve the quality of care and lead to positive health outcomes. It also improves patient satisfaction with care. Digital health can also be used to address the challenges that are currently facing healthcare systems. For instance, digital health can help to address the challenge of limited access. Digital health can also help to address the increasing patient needs and demands. However, the integration of digital health in healthcare systems still remains a challenge. Privacy and confidentiality concerns are major issues. Because of the nature of data stored in these systems, security breaches can have negative outcomes on care. Accuracy and reliability of data are also issues of concern. Addressing these challenges can make healthcare systems realize the benefits of digital technologies. Keywords: digital health, digital technologies, revolutionizing healthcare, positive patient outcomes
{"title":"How Digital Health is Revolutionizing Healthcare and Contributing to Positive Health Outcomes","authors":"Pallav Dave","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6640","url":null,"abstract":"Digital health has been instrumental in revolutionizing healthcare by ensuring continuity of care, personalizing care, reducing errors and wastage, improving diagnostic accuracy, providing clinicians with decision-making support, and facilitating treatment and care beyond the clinical setting. All these benefits improve the quality of care and lead to positive health outcomes. It also improves patient satisfaction with care. Digital health can also be used to address the challenges that are currently facing healthcare systems. For instance, digital health can help to address the challenge of limited access. Digital health can also help to address the increasing patient needs and demands. However, the integration of digital health in healthcare systems still remains a challenge. Privacy and confidentiality concerns are major issues. Because of the nature of data stored in these systems, security breaches can have negative outcomes on care. Accuracy and reliability of data are also issues of concern. Addressing these challenges can make healthcare systems realize the benefits of digital technologies. \u0000Keywords: digital health, digital technologies, revolutionizing healthcare, positive patient outcomes","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"2 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141337344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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