Pub Date : 2024-06-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6611
N. K. Yadav, Nilesh Gupta, U. Jain
Over the past three decades, oral controlled-release dosage forms have been developed due to their therapeutic advantages, such as ease of administration, patient compliance, and flexibility in formulation. However, this approach has faced physiological difficulties, such as the inability to contain and position the controlled drug delivery system within the desired region of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) due to variable gastric emptying and motility. Venlafaxine is an antidepressant and a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI). Its active metabolite, desvenlafaxine, works by blocking the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine, which are key neurotransmitters in mood regulation. Gastroretentive dosage forms can stay in the gastric region for several hours and significantly prolong the gastric residence time of drugs. Natural materials have been extensively used in drug delivery because they are readily available, cost-effective, eco-friendly, capable of many chemical modifications, potentially degradable, and compatible due to their natural origin. Keywords: Sustained Release Floating Tablets, Venlafaxine,
{"title":"Formulation and evaluation of sustained release floating tablets of venlafaxine using natural polymers","authors":"N. K. Yadav, Nilesh Gupta, U. Jain","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6611","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past three decades, oral controlled-release dosage forms have been developed due to their therapeutic advantages, such as ease of administration, patient compliance, and flexibility in formulation. However, this approach has faced physiological difficulties, such as the inability to contain and position the controlled drug delivery system within the desired region of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) due to variable gastric emptying and motility. Venlafaxine is an antidepressant and a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI). Its active metabolite, desvenlafaxine, works by blocking the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine, which are key neurotransmitters in mood regulation. Gastroretentive dosage forms can stay in the gastric region for several hours and significantly prolong the gastric residence time of drugs. Natural materials have been extensively used in drug delivery because they are readily available, cost-effective, eco-friendly, capable of many chemical modifications, potentially degradable, and compatible due to their natural origin. \u0000Keywords: Sustained Release Floating Tablets, Venlafaxine,","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"91 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141337752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6620
Manpreet Kaur, Ritu Rani, A. Singh, A. Singh
Microsponge are little spherical molecules with a broad porous surface that resemble sponges. The use of microsponges is a unique medication delivery method that has several benefits. For a range of illnesses, the Microsponges drug delivery system is utilized to improve the effectiveness of oral, parenteral, or topical medicine administration. A novel approach of managing drug release and administering medication to specific locations is microsponge technology. The efficient and novel way that microsponge medicine administration advances properties, boosts item stability, and improves security can all contribute to the effectiveness of topically dynamic operators. In an effective and creative way, it can boost the efficiency of topically active medications while improving safety, product stability, and aesthetic qualities. Recently, microsponges, which are typically used topically, have also been employed for oral delivery. Microsponge Systems may suspend or trap a wide range of substances. They can also be integrated into a product that is made to resemble a gel, cream, liquid, or powder. Microsponge Systems are built on atomic, polymer-based microspheres. In topical medication solutions, microsponge technology has been employed to provide controlled release of active drug into the skin, therefore decreasing systemic exposure and local cutaneous responses to active pharmaceuticals. We will talk about microsponge's characteristics, benefits, and drawbacks as well as the drug release mechanism, formulation techniques, and assessment in this review paper. Keywords: Microsponge, NDDS, Novel drug delivery system, MDS
{"title":"Microsponge: A Review","authors":"Manpreet Kaur, Ritu Rani, A. Singh, A. Singh","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6620","url":null,"abstract":"Microsponge are little spherical molecules with a broad porous surface that resemble sponges. The use of microsponges is a unique medication delivery method that has several benefits. For a range of illnesses, the Microsponges drug delivery system is utilized to improve the effectiveness of oral, parenteral, or topical medicine administration. A novel approach of managing drug release and administering medication to specific locations is microsponge technology. The efficient and novel way that microsponge medicine administration advances properties, boosts item stability, and improves security can all contribute to the effectiveness of topically dynamic operators. \u0000In an effective and creative way, it can boost the efficiency of topically active medications while improving safety, product stability, and aesthetic qualities. Recently, microsponges, which are typically used topically, have also been employed for oral delivery. Microsponge Systems may suspend or trap a wide range of substances. They can also be integrated into a product that is made to resemble a gel, cream, liquid, or powder. Microsponge Systems are built on atomic, polymer-based microspheres. In topical medication solutions, microsponge technology has been employed to provide controlled release of active drug into the skin, therefore decreasing systemic exposure and local cutaneous responses to active pharmaceuticals. We will talk about microsponge's characteristics, benefits, and drawbacks as well as the drug release mechanism, formulation techniques, and assessment in this review paper. \u0000Keywords: Microsponge, NDDS, Novel drug delivery system, MDS","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141337266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6624
Arati Ganesh Jaybhaye, Supriya Sangram Nikam, Kalyani Kayande, PRATIK Marotirao PATIL, A. V. Suroshe, Pavan Babasaheb Zalte, Shriparni Ashok Bhujbal
The competitive HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) inhibitors, commonly referred to as "statins," have been shown in preclinical tests to have promise anticancer characteristics in addition to being potent medications that lower cholesterol and lower cardiovascular risk. When combined with other cancer treatment strategies, statins seem to improve the treatment outcome for a variety of malignancies. After surgical resection followed by concomitant radiation and chemotherapy, the median overall survival (OS) for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a particularly lethal cerebral tumour, is only about one year. Due to their capacity to inhibit cell growth, survival, migration, metastasis, inflammation, and angiogenesis in both in vitro and in vivo investigations, statins have recently come to light as prospective adjuvant medications for the treatment of GBM. Statins' therapeutic effects on the survival of GBM patients are still debatable, though. When just focusing on the treatment of cancer, specifically GBM, this study intends to analyse and address some of the known effects of statin medicines, including concurrent statin therapy with chemotherapeutic agents. Keywords: statin, glioblastoma, brain tumor, antitumor, cholesterol, apoptosis.
{"title":"Statins as a Combatant for Treatment of Glioblastoma","authors":"Arati Ganesh Jaybhaye, Supriya Sangram Nikam, Kalyani Kayande, PRATIK Marotirao PATIL, A. V. Suroshe, Pavan Babasaheb Zalte, Shriparni Ashok Bhujbal","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6624","url":null,"abstract":"The competitive HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) inhibitors, commonly referred to as \"statins,\" have been shown in preclinical tests to have promise anticancer characteristics in addition to being potent medications that lower cholesterol and lower cardiovascular risk. When combined with other cancer treatment strategies, statins seem to improve the treatment outcome for a variety of malignancies. After surgical resection followed by concomitant radiation and chemotherapy, the median overall survival (OS) for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a particularly lethal cerebral tumour, is only about one year. Due to their capacity to inhibit cell growth, survival, migration, metastasis, inflammation, and angiogenesis in both in vitro and in vivo investigations, statins have recently come to light as prospective adjuvant medications for the treatment of GBM. Statins' therapeutic effects on the survival of GBM patients are still debatable, though. When just focusing on the treatment of cancer, specifically GBM, this study intends to analyse and address some of the known effects of statin medicines, including concurrent statin therapy with chemotherapeutic agents. \u0000Keywords: statin, glioblastoma, brain tumor, antitumor, cholesterol, apoptosis.","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"4 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141336776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Malaria is one of the most public health and life-threatening parasitic infections caused by the protozoan parasite. Since children are immunologically naive to the malaria parasite, they are the main vulnerable groups to be affected by malaria. Aim: This study aimed at determining the prevalence of malaria among children in urban area at Byahi Health Center, Rubavu district. Methods: Cross-sectional study was used to achieve the objectives. To obtain the information regarding social demographic characteristics, written questionnaires in native language were distributed to caregivers. Blood smears were collected and sent to laboratory department for analysis. Data were analyzed using Statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS). Results: Among 50 children who participated in the study, the majority were males over females with 58% and 42% respectively. The prevalence of malaria among children in urban area was higher with 30%. Among the participants, children of age range 1-5 years shown a high prevalence of malaria than those of 5-8 months with 13 and 2 positive cases respectively and children of 1-5 years old was statistically significant with a p-value (p 0.027). Conclusion: After getting the results above, we have seen that children from urban area are affected by malaria with the overall prevalence of 30%. There is a need of improving and rechecking the existing malaria in children, prevention and control measures of the country. Byahi health center should create awareness about the importance early malaria checkup recommended reducing malaria infection. The parents are recommended to protect their children and district leaders should make researcher in others school. It must be reported to Ministry of Health that malaria infection mostly affects children. Keywords: Malaria parasite, children, blood smear, Plasmodium
{"title":"Prevalence of Malaria among Children in urban area at Byahi Health Center, Rubavu District, Rwanda","authors":"Muhawenimana Marthe, Ishimwe Alain Prudence, Nzabanterura Innocent, Habanabakize Jean Baptiste, Usengimana Angelique, Uwiringiyimana Athanasie","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6662","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Malaria is one of the most public health and life-threatening parasitic infections caused by the protozoan parasite. Since children are immunologically naive to the malaria parasite, they are the main vulnerable groups to be affected by malaria. \u0000Aim: This study aimed at determining the prevalence of malaria among children in urban area at Byahi Health Center, Rubavu district. \u0000Methods: Cross-sectional study was used to achieve the objectives. To obtain the information regarding social demographic characteristics, written questionnaires in native language were distributed to caregivers. Blood smears were collected and sent to laboratory department for analysis. Data were analyzed using Statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS). \u0000Results: Among 50 children who participated in the study, the majority were males over females with 58% and 42% respectively. The prevalence of malaria among children in urban area was higher with 30%. Among the participants, children of age range 1-5 years shown a high prevalence of malaria than those of 5-8 months with 13 and 2 positive cases respectively and children of 1-5 years old was statistically significant with a p-value (p 0.027). \u0000Conclusion: After getting the results above, we have seen that children from urban area are affected by malaria with the overall prevalence of 30%. There is a need of improving and rechecking the existing malaria in children, prevention and control measures of the country. Byahi health center should create awareness about the importance early malaria checkup recommended reducing malaria infection. The parents are recommended to protect their children and district leaders should make researcher in others school. It must be reported to Ministry of Health that malaria infection mostly affects children. \u0000Keywords: Malaria parasite, children, blood smear, Plasmodium","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"6 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141336945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6654
Preeti Tiwari, Manav Singh, S. Nayak, G. S. Chakraborthy
Glanzmann’s thrombocytopenia is a platelet disorder in which platelets have qualitative or quantitative deficiencies of the fibrinogen receptor α2bβ3. Most cases are hereditary but can be acquired also. This disorder in named after Dr.Eduard Glanzmann, who first described it in 1918. Its global prevalence is estimated to be one in a million with higher prevalence rate in population where consanguinity marriage is common. It has good prognosis with proper supportive care. Case Summary: A 17-year male patient had come with complaint of severe epistaxis randomly for hours in a known case of Glanzmann’s thrombocytopenia which was diagnosed 10 years ago. With epistaxis he also had complaints of weakness in upper limbs and gastrocnemius muscle Diagnosis: Glanzmann’s thrombocytopenia Treatment: Inj. Etamsylate 500mg BD, Inj. Hemocoagulase 1IU OD, Inj. Tranexamic acid 500mg OD, Tab. Vitamin C BD, Tab. Calcium gluconate 500mg BD, Syp. Vitamin D3 and was transfused with PCV (A+) total 12 pint (200ml) and platelets 2 pint (200ml) Keywords: Glanzmann’s thrombocytopenia, Epistaxis, Tranexamic acid, Congenital, Platelet Disorder.
{"title":"Glanzmann’s Thrombocytopenia: A Case Report","authors":"Preeti Tiwari, Manav Singh, S. Nayak, G. S. Chakraborthy","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6654","url":null,"abstract":"Glanzmann’s thrombocytopenia is a platelet disorder in which platelets have qualitative or quantitative deficiencies of the fibrinogen receptor α2bβ3. Most cases are hereditary but can be acquired also. This disorder in named after Dr.Eduard Glanzmann, who first described it in 1918. Its global prevalence is estimated to be one in a million with higher prevalence rate in population where consanguinity marriage is common. It has good prognosis with proper supportive care. \u0000Case Summary: A 17-year male patient had come with complaint of severe epistaxis randomly for hours in a known case of Glanzmann’s thrombocytopenia which was diagnosed 10 years ago. With epistaxis he also had complaints of weakness in upper limbs and gastrocnemius muscle \u0000Diagnosis: Glanzmann’s thrombocytopenia \u0000Treatment: Inj. Etamsylate 500mg BD, Inj. Hemocoagulase 1IU OD, Inj. Tranexamic acid 500mg OD, Tab. Vitamin C BD, Tab. Calcium gluconate 500mg BD, Syp. Vitamin D3 and was transfused with PCV (A+) total 12 pint (200ml) and platelets 2 pint (200ml) \u0000Keywords: Glanzmann’s thrombocytopenia, Epistaxis, Tranexamic acid, Congenital, Platelet Disorder.","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"9 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141337681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6597
Quynh Thi Ngoc Hoang, Gleb V Petrov, Alena Koldina, Anton V. Syroeshkin
Introduction: Spirostomum ambiguum is commonly used as a biological indicator due to its high sensitivity to heavy metals. It functions normally across a wide pH range of 4.5 to 8.0. Testing on protozoan organisms provides a general understanding of the impact of pH on the toxicity of zinc in pharmaceuticals. By investigating the toxicity of zinc in environment with varying pH levels, the optimal environment for zinc absorption can be determined. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the toxicity of zinc sulphate solutions using different forms of hydrating and at various pH levels, applying the Spirotox method. Methods: An experiment was conducted using a solution of pharmaceutical substances, specifically zinc sulphate heptahydrate and zinc sulphate monohydrate, with a concentration of 0.01 M. The study aimed to investigate the effect of the solution on the lifespan of S.ambiguum within the pH range of 4.8-6.5. Results: Arrhenius activation energy (Ea linear correlates with LD50 oral toxicity for rats) decreases as pH increases from 4.8 to 6.5 for ⋅7 and ⋅ solutions. The values decrease from 140±10 kJ/mol to 55±10 kJ/mol and from 110±2 kJ/mol to 60±10 kJ/mol, respectively. Conclusion: It was found that the toxicity of zinc sulphate hydrate solution towards S. ambiguum increased as the pH value increased. Hydrating of the active pharmaceutical substance was a crucial factor, it is critically important for preparation of solutions of an active pharmaceutical substance. Keywords: zinc sulphate, Spirotox test, pH, activation energy, toxicity.
{"title":"Effect of pH on Toxicity of Zinc Sulphate Hydrate Solutions Using the Spirotox Test","authors":"Quynh Thi Ngoc Hoang, Gleb V Petrov, Alena Koldina, Anton V. Syroeshkin","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6597","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Spirostomum ambiguum is commonly used as a biological indicator due to its high sensitivity to heavy metals. It functions normally across a wide pH range of 4.5 to 8.0. Testing on protozoan organisms provides a general understanding of the impact of pH on the toxicity of zinc in pharmaceuticals. By investigating the toxicity of zinc in environment with varying pH levels, the optimal environment for zinc absorption can be determined. \u0000Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the toxicity of zinc sulphate solutions using different forms of hydrating and at various pH levels, applying the Spirotox method. \u0000Methods: An experiment was conducted using a solution of pharmaceutical substances, specifically zinc sulphate heptahydrate and zinc sulphate monohydrate, with a concentration of 0.01 M. The study aimed to investigate the effect of the solution on the lifespan of S.ambiguum within the pH range of 4.8-6.5. \u0000Results: Arrhenius activation energy (Ea linear correlates with LD50 oral toxicity for rats) decreases as pH increases from 4.8 to 6.5 for ⋅7 and ⋅ solutions. The values decrease from 140±10 kJ/mol to 55±10 kJ/mol and from 110±2 kJ/mol to 60±10 kJ/mol, respectively. \u0000Conclusion: It was found that the toxicity of zinc sulphate hydrate solution towards S. ambiguum increased as the pH value increased. Hydrating of the active pharmaceutical substance was a crucial factor, it is critically important for preparation of solutions of an active pharmaceutical substance. \u0000Keywords: zinc sulphate, Spirotox test, pH, activation energy, toxicity.","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"4 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141337119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6629
Ignace Koussoube, F. L. Da, Paténéma Sawadogo, Basile Tindano, Albert Soudré, B. Bayala
Annona Senegalensis Pers. (Annonaceae) is a medicinal plant used to treat many pathologies, including inflammatory diseases and pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of Annona Senegalensis leaves aqueous extract in mice and rats. The analgesic activity was evaluated using the acetic acid (1%) induced writhing test and formalin (1%) test. The anti-inflammatory activity was performed using the carrageenan and the dextran induced hind paw oedema in rats. The extract induced a significant (p<0.05) and dose-dependent decrease in abdominal contortions compared with control mice. The maximum inhibition was 63.36% at the dose of 200 mg/kg body weight. Only the late phase of formalin induced nociception was significantly inhibited by the extract with a maximum inhibition value of 56.96% at the dose of 200 mg/kg body weight. In the anti-inflammatory investigation, the aqueous extract of the leaves of Annona Senegalensis produced a significant (p<0.05) and dose-dependent decrease in edema induced by carrageenan and dextran. The maximum inhibition was 57.14% obtained at the fifth hour at the dose of 200mg/kg for the carrageenan test. For the dextran test, the maximum inhibition was 59.80% obtained at the second hour at the dose of 200 mg/kg body weight. Our results show that Annona Senegalensis has peripheral analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. It could therefore be an advantage in alternative medicine. Keywords: Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Annona Senegalensis, Rats, Mice
{"title":"Evaluation of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Annona senegalensis Pers. (Annonaceae) leaves aqueous extract in rats and mice","authors":"Ignace Koussoube, F. L. Da, Paténéma Sawadogo, Basile Tindano, Albert Soudré, B. Bayala","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6629","url":null,"abstract":"Annona Senegalensis Pers. (Annonaceae) is a medicinal plant used to treat many pathologies, including inflammatory diseases and pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of Annona Senegalensis leaves aqueous extract in mice and rats. The analgesic activity was evaluated using the acetic acid (1%) induced writhing test and formalin (1%) test. The anti-inflammatory activity was performed using the carrageenan and the dextran induced hind paw oedema in rats. \u0000The extract induced a significant (p<0.05) and dose-dependent decrease in abdominal contortions compared with control mice. The maximum inhibition was 63.36% at the dose of 200 mg/kg body weight. Only the late phase of formalin induced nociception was significantly inhibited by the extract with a maximum inhibition value of 56.96% at the dose of 200 mg/kg body weight. In the anti-inflammatory investigation, the aqueous extract of the leaves of Annona Senegalensis produced a significant (p<0.05) and dose-dependent decrease in edema induced by carrageenan and dextran. The maximum inhibition was 57.14% obtained at the fifth hour at the dose of 200mg/kg for the carrageenan test. For the dextran test, the maximum inhibition was 59.80% obtained at the second hour at the dose of 200 mg/kg body weight. \u0000 Our results show that Annona Senegalensis has peripheral analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. It could therefore be an advantage in alternative medicine. \u0000Keywords: Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Annona Senegalensis, Rats, Mice","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141336105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6612
M. Mehmood, Sawaira Sabir, Muhammad Usman Ghani, Huma Anwar ul-Haq, Rauf Khalid, Nadeem Sharif
This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of various disinfectants against locally isolated pathogens using the Kirby-Bauer Method with disc diffusion. Indigenous strains of Salmonella typhimurium, E. coli, Campylobacter, Citrobacter freundii, and Staphylococcus aureus were obtained from the bacterial depository bank and sub-cultured on their respective selective media. A 0.5 McFarland Turbidity Standard was prepared, and eight commercially available disinfectants were tested for efficacy. The results of this study will inform the selection of appropriate disinfectants for use in preventing the spread of disease in various settings, including home sanitation, healthcare, and industrial manufacturing processes. The disinfectants used in this study produced different results against the targeted pathogens. Hydrogen peroxide and Formalin produced larger zones of inhibition, while Povidone Iodine and Hydrochloric acid produced intermediate zones. Ethanol, Methanol, and Dettol produced smaller .zones of inhibition. Benzalkonium Chloride was effective only against S. aureus, while all other indigenous isolates resisted it. Keywords: Disinfectants, Sal. typhimurium, E.coli, Campylobacter, Citrobacter freundii, Staphylococcus auerus, Antibiotic sensitivity test
{"title":"An assessment of various disinfectants using the Kirby-Bauer Method with disc diffusion to determine their effectiveness against locally isolated pathogens","authors":"M. Mehmood, Sawaira Sabir, Muhammad Usman Ghani, Huma Anwar ul-Haq, Rauf Khalid, Nadeem Sharif","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6612","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of various disinfectants against locally isolated pathogens using the Kirby-Bauer Method with disc diffusion. Indigenous strains of Salmonella typhimurium, E. coli, Campylobacter, Citrobacter freundii, and Staphylococcus aureus were obtained from the bacterial depository bank and sub-cultured on their respective selective media. A 0.5 McFarland Turbidity Standard was prepared, and eight commercially available disinfectants were tested for efficacy. The results of this study will inform the selection of appropriate disinfectants for use in preventing the spread of disease in various settings, including home sanitation, healthcare, and industrial manufacturing processes. The disinfectants used in this study produced different results against the targeted pathogens. Hydrogen peroxide and Formalin produced larger zones of inhibition, while Povidone Iodine and Hydrochloric acid produced intermediate zones. Ethanol, Methanol, and Dettol produced smaller .zones of inhibition. Benzalkonium Chloride was effective only against S. aureus, while all other indigenous isolates resisted it. \u0000Keywords: Disinfectants, Sal. typhimurium, E.coli, Campylobacter, Citrobacter freundii, Staphylococcus auerus, Antibiotic sensitivity test","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"12 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141336325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6649
Uwumuremyi Fabrice, Usengimana Angelique, Ndayambaje Jean de Dieu, Uwihanganye Jean Chrysostome, Uwizeyimana Jean Pierre, Nzabanterura Innocent, Ishimwe Alain Prudence
Background: Kidney diseases has been recognized as one of the challenging complications in HIV infected people. Hyponatremia and hyperkalemia are the most disturbed electrolytes associated with an increased risk of death both in hospitalized and in ambulatory HIV patients. Aim: The study aimed to assess the association between renal dysfunction and serum electrolytes disorders among HIV infected patients. Method: It was a retrospective study conducted at Muhororo district hospital from May up to July 2023. HIV infected patients were enrolled in the study and their serum creatinine, sodium, potassium and chloride were tested and the results analyzed by using SPSS version 22. A P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significance. Result: Among 115 HIV infected patients, 67.8% were females and 32.1% were males. The Mean serum creatinine was elevated among HIV infected patients [1.01(mg/dl) ±0.27, 0.99(mg/dl) ±0.26], and 40.8% had hyponatremia, 8% had hypernatremia, 6% had hypokalemia 7.8% had hyperkalemia 17.3% had hypochloremia and 20% had hyperchloremia Mean serum sodium was slightly decreased [134.1(mmol/l) ±11.8], there was no change in mean of both serum K+ and CL_ [4.4 (mmol/l) SD±1 / 100.7(mmol/l) with SD±14.2 for serum Cl-]. Serum creatinine was significantly associated with Na+ and K+ [P=0.04, r=-0.19/ p=0.01, r= 0.22] however the correlation between Cl- and Serum creatinine was not statistically significant [P=0.3, r=-0.08]. Conclusion: The study found elevated serum creatinine and, the weak correlation between creatinine and electrolytes in HIV infected patients on ART. The present findings need to be confirmed with further studies with large sample size. HIV infected patients should change life style that predispose their health to the development of kidney diseases they must also stick on healthcare provider’s counselling. Keywords: HIV, Kidney Dysfunction, Serum electrolytes.
{"title":"Association between kidney dysfunction and electrolytes imbalance among HIV patients attending Muhororo District Hospital","authors":"Uwumuremyi Fabrice, Usengimana Angelique, Ndayambaje Jean de Dieu, Uwihanganye Jean Chrysostome, Uwizeyimana Jean Pierre, Nzabanterura Innocent, Ishimwe Alain Prudence","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6649","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Kidney diseases has been recognized as one of the challenging complications in HIV infected people. Hyponatremia and hyperkalemia are the most disturbed electrolytes associated with an increased risk of death both in hospitalized and in ambulatory HIV patients. \u0000Aim: The study aimed to assess the association between renal dysfunction and serum electrolytes disorders among HIV infected patients. \u0000Method: It was a retrospective study conducted at Muhororo district hospital from May up to July 2023. HIV infected patients were enrolled in the study and their serum creatinine, sodium, potassium and chloride were tested and the results analyzed by using SPSS version 22. A P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significance. \u0000Result: Among 115 HIV infected patients, 67.8% were females and 32.1% were males. The Mean serum creatinine was elevated among HIV infected patients [1.01(mg/dl) ±0.27, 0.99(mg/dl) ±0.26], and 40.8% had hyponatremia, 8% had hypernatremia, 6% had hypokalemia 7.8% had hyperkalemia 17.3% had hypochloremia and 20% had hyperchloremia Mean serum sodium was slightly decreased [134.1(mmol/l) ±11.8], there was no change in mean of both serum K+ and CL_ [4.4 (mmol/l) SD±1 / 100.7(mmol/l) with SD±14.2 for serum Cl-]. Serum creatinine was significantly associated with Na+ and K+ [P=0.04, r=-0.19/ p=0.01, r= 0.22] however the correlation between Cl- and Serum creatinine was not statistically significant [P=0.3, r=-0.08]. \u0000Conclusion: The study found elevated serum creatinine and, the weak correlation between creatinine and electrolytes in HIV infected patients on ART. The present findings need to be confirmed with further studies with large sample size. HIV infected patients should change life style that predispose their health to the development of kidney diseases they must also stick on healthcare provider’s counselling. \u0000Keywords: HIV, Kidney Dysfunction, Serum electrolytes.","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141336570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-15DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6618
Waish Ahmad, J. Siddiqui, M. A. R. Naikodi, Qamrul Ismam Usmani
Premature Ejaculation (PE) is the most prevalent male sexual complaint worldwide. The ability to control the timing of ejaculation is very important to get pleasure and to maintain the couple’s sexual health. PE is believed to have a multifactorial etiology which mainly includes psychogenic and biogenic factors. Currently available conventional drugs are based on mere assumptions and their use in PE is considered off-label as they have not been approved by the regulatory bodies. On the other hand, Unani System of Medicine has a holistic approach to the prevention and treatment of diseases and provides a line of treatment for PE which is mainly focused on the internal and external use of specific drugs for the restoration of lost powers, elimination of morbid humor and strengthening of organs, muscles, and nerves. In classical Unani literature, PE/Surʻat-i-Inzāl are described in detail under the heading of Amrāz-i-Bāh. In the series of drug therapy a polyherbal Unani formulation, Safūf-i Aslussūs mentioned in different Unani Pharmacopoeias for the management of PE, and Spermatorrhoea is widely prescribed and recommended for a long time by Unani physicians and it is a time-tested drug. This manuscript is an attempt to summarize scientific studies in support of the claim made by Unani physicians regarding Safūf-i Aslussūs. Keywords: Safoof-i Aslussoos, Surʻat-i-Inzāl, Premature ejaculation, Unani System of Medicine
早泄（PE）是全球最常见的男性性功能障碍。控制射精时间的能力对于获得快感和保持夫妻性健康非常重要。射精障碍被认为是一种多因素病因，主要包括精神因素和生物因素。目前可用的常规药物仅基于假设，由于尚未获得监管机构的批准，因此被视为非标签药物。另一方面，乌纳尼医学体系采用整体方法来预防和治疗疾病，并提供了一套治疗 PE 的方法，主要侧重于特定药物的内服和外用，以恢复失去的能力，消除病态的体液，强化器官、肌肉和神经。在古典乌纳尼文献中，PE/Surʻat-i-Inzāl 在 Amrāz-i-Bāh 标题下有详细描述。在药物治疗系列中，不同的尤那尼药典中都提到了一种多草药尤那尼制剂 Safūf-i Aslussūs，用于治疗 PE 和遗精，长期以来被尤那尼医生广泛使用和推荐，是一种久经考验的药物。本手稿试图总结科学研究，以支持乌那尼医生关于 Safūf-i Aslussūs 的说法。关键词Safoof-i Aslussoos、Surʻat-i-Inzāl、早泄、尤那尼医学体系
{"title":"Safūf-i Aslussūs: A time-tested polyherbal formulation for the management of Premature Ejaculation- A comprehensive review","authors":"Waish Ahmad, J. Siddiqui, M. A. R. Naikodi, Qamrul Ismam Usmani","doi":"10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i6.6618","url":null,"abstract":"Premature Ejaculation (PE) is the most prevalent male sexual complaint worldwide. The ability to control the timing of ejaculation is very important to get pleasure and to maintain the couple’s sexual health. PE is believed to have a multifactorial etiology which mainly includes psychogenic and biogenic factors. Currently available conventional drugs are based on mere assumptions and their use in PE is considered off-label as they have not been approved by the regulatory bodies. On the other hand, Unani System of Medicine has a holistic approach to the prevention and treatment of diseases and provides a line of treatment for PE which is mainly focused on the internal and external use of specific drugs for the restoration of lost powers, elimination of morbid humor and strengthening of organs, muscles, and nerves. In classical Unani literature, PE/Surʻat-i-Inzāl are described in detail under the heading of Amrāz-i-Bāh. In the series of drug therapy a polyherbal Unani formulation, Safūf-i Aslussūs mentioned in different Unani Pharmacopoeias for the management of PE, and Spermatorrhoea is widely prescribed and recommended for a long time by Unani physicians and it is a time-tested drug. This manuscript is an attempt to summarize scientific studies in support of the claim made by Unani physicians regarding Safūf-i Aslussūs. \u0000Keywords: Safoof-i Aslussoos, Surʻat-i-Inzāl, Premature ejaculation, Unani System of Medicine","PeriodicalId":15622,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics","volume":"7 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141336817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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