Pub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2025-07-24DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.07.051
Yuping Ma , Jing Bian , Jianguo Liu , Yunping Han , Weiying Feng , Yuxin Deng , Xuezheng Yu , Jun Zhang , Haiping Li , Yingnan Cao
Irrigation is one of the main methods used to increase crop yield in saline soils. However, microplastics (MPs) occur in saline soil due complex irrigation water sources and agricultural operations, and these may affect the soil microbial population structure. We selected soil from the Inner Mongolia section of the Hetao Irrigation District as the research object to determine the microplastic (MP) pollution status and microbial population structure and to explore the relationship between them. The results showed that (1) MPs were mainly polyethylene terephthalate (white and blue), with particle sizes mainly < 0.5 mm, and concentrations ranging from 100 to 480 n/kg, increasing and then decreasing from east to west, with the highest concentration of MPs detected in the soil near drain 5. (2) The bacterial and archaeal population structures in the soil were less diverse and more evenly distributed than fungi, which showed a non-uniform distribution in terms of both species and relative abundance. (3) Salt-tolerant and MPs-degrading bacteria were distributed within the soil, and the distribution of these species may be related to long-term high salinity and high MP abundance stress. The results of this study provide a scientific basis for the management of soil MPs.
{"title":"Distribution of microplastics and microorganisms and their relationship in high-salinity soil","authors":"Yuping Ma , Jing Bian , Jianguo Liu , Yunping Han , Weiying Feng , Yuxin Deng , Xuezheng Yu , Jun Zhang , Haiping Li , Yingnan Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.07.051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.07.051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Irrigation is one of the main methods used to increase crop yield in saline soils. However, microplastics (MPs) occur in saline soil due complex irrigation water sources and agricultural operations, and these may affect the soil microbial population structure. We selected soil from the Inner Mongolia section of the Hetao Irrigation District as the research object to determine the microplastic (MP) pollution status and microbial population structure and to explore the relationship between them. The results showed that (1) MPs were mainly polyethylene terephthalate (white and blue), with particle sizes mainly < 0.5 mm, and concentrations ranging from 100 to 480 n/kg, increasing and then decreasing from east to west, with the highest concentration of MPs detected in the soil near drain 5. (2) The bacterial and archaeal population structures in the soil were less diverse and more evenly distributed than fungi, which showed a non-uniform distribution in terms of both species and relative abundance. (3) Salt-tolerant and MPs-degrading bacteria were distributed within the soil, and the distribution of these species may be related to long-term high salinity and high MP abundance stress. The results of this study provide a scientific basis for the management of soil MPs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"163 ","pages":"Pages 501-511"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2025-08-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.07.045
Yali Duan , Jialiang Luo , Miaomiao Wang , Dong Li , Huiping Feng , Li Lin , Qianli An , Shunqing Xu , Zhiqiang Zhu
This study investigated the symbiosis between Serendipita indica and king grass to optimize cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr) phytoextraction from contaminated soils, focusing on root exudate dynamics and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signaling in rhizoremediation. We examined mechanisms linking heavy metals (HMs), microbial symbiosis, and root exudates in the rhizosphere during remediation. S. indica promoted plant growth, increasing biomass by 10.2 %–17.7 %, and enhanced root vigor and development. It also boosted antioxidant enzymes (SOD, APX, GR) by 11.5 %, 27.7 %, and 15.0 %, respectively, while reducing MDA and H2O2, thereby alleviating HM stress. Root uptake of Cd and Cr increased by 23.2 %–30.0 % and 20.8 %–30.0 %, while soil Cd and Cr removal increased by 27.5 % and 28.7 %. Under Cd/Cr stress, S. indica increased root vigor and regulated exudates by king grass, upregulating indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), betaine, ascorbic acid, riboflavin, and notably GABA, which increased 4.0–14.0 fold, reaching 19.2 mmol/mL at the tillering stage. These exudates correlated with Cr levels and growth promotion. S. indica upregulated the Alanine-Aspartate-Glutamate and Arginine-Proline pathways, closely associated with thetricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Exogenous GABA further enhanced antioxidant responses, increased biomass by 34.1 %–41.6 %, and boosted Cr uptake and sequestration by 21.1 %–25.1 %, while inhibiting Cr translocation to aerial parts. This study highlights S. indica’s growth-promoting effects, the role of GABA in root sequestration of HMs, and their potential in phytoremediation, thereby offering new opportunities for improving phytoremediation technologies.
{"title":"Boosting multi-heavy metal sequestration in king grass: Unveiling the role of Serendipita indica symbiosis and the key root exudate GABA","authors":"Yali Duan , Jialiang Luo , Miaomiao Wang , Dong Li , Huiping Feng , Li Lin , Qianli An , Shunqing Xu , Zhiqiang Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.07.045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.07.045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the symbiosis between <em>Serendipita indica</em> and king grass to optimize cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr) phytoextraction from contaminated soils, focusing on root exudate dynamics and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signaling in rhizoremediation. We examined mechanisms linking heavy metals (HMs), microbial symbiosis, and root exudates in the rhizosphere during remediation. <em>S. indica</em> promoted plant growth, increasing biomass by 10.2 %–17.7 %, and enhanced root vigor and development. It also boosted antioxidant enzymes (SOD, APX, GR) by 11.5 %, 27.7 %, and 15.0 %, respectively, while reducing MDA and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, thereby alleviating HM stress. Root uptake of Cd and Cr increased by 23.2 %–30.0 % and 20.8 %–30.0 %, while soil Cd and Cr removal increased by 27.5 % and 28.7 %. Under Cd/Cr stress, <em>S. indica</em> increased root vigor and regulated exudates by king grass, upregulating indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), betaine, ascorbic acid, riboflavin, and notably GABA, which increased 4.0–14.0 fold, reaching 19.2 mmol/mL at the tillering stage. These exudates correlated with Cr levels and growth promotion. <em>S. indica</em> upregulated the Alanine-Aspartate-Glutamate and Arginine-Proline pathways, closely associated with thetricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Exogenous GABA further enhanced antioxidant responses, increased biomass by 34.1 %–41.6 %, and boosted Cr uptake and sequestration by 21.1 %–25.1 %, while inhibiting Cr translocation to aerial parts. This study highlights <em>S. indica</em>’s growth-promoting effects, the role of GABA in root sequestration of HMs, and their potential in phytoremediation, thereby offering new opportunities for improving phytoremediation technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"163 ","pages":"Pages 431-443"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2025-11-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.11.017
Huagang Lv , Ying Liang , Lu Tang , Hongyu Liu , Wen Zhang , Kaihua Bai , Jun Jiang
Ferrous sulfide (FeS) nanomaterials exhibit promising remediation activities for heavy metals via adsorption, precipitation, reduction, etc. However, traditional chemical reduction or biosynthesis-prepared FeS nanomaterials tend to be agglomerated and oxidized easily, which reduces their reactivity, influence radius, and long-term performance for in-situ reaction zone technology to remediate contaminant plumes in a low permeability aquifer. Here, we proposed a one-step pyrolysis method to prepare scalable FeS nanosheets with carbon composites and ultrathin features. After modification with the surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), the resulting FeS-SDBS slurry exhibited high reactivity toward Cd(II), achieving a removal capacity of 163.3 mg/g, along with excellent suspension stability and enhanced oxidation resistance. Moreover, the incorporated surfactant modification of FeS nanosheets to form the inorganic-organic complex was found to tune the surface electrostatic potentials and charge densities as well as increase the elastic deformation, resulting in the enhanced influence radius of 2.1 times compared to bare FeS nanosheets, and the efficient immobilization of Cd(II) in the clay column. Furthermore, X-ray micro-computed tomography revealed the spatial distribution of FeS nanosheets during injection, accompanied by an 18.2 % reduction in the original total porosity. This study demonstrates the potential of FeS nanosheets as an efficient slurry for in-situ remediation of groundwater in low-permeability aquifers.
{"title":"Surface modification of ferrous sulfide nanosheets for in-situ remediation of cadmium-contaminated groundwater","authors":"Huagang Lv , Ying Liang , Lu Tang , Hongyu Liu , Wen Zhang , Kaihua Bai , Jun Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.11.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.11.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ferrous sulfide (FeS) nanomaterials exhibit promising remediation activities for heavy metals <em>via</em> adsorption, precipitation, reduction, etc. However, traditional chemical reduction or biosynthesis-prepared FeS nanomaterials tend to be agglomerated and oxidized easily, which reduces their reactivity, influence radius, and long-term performance for <em>in-situ</em> reaction zone technology to remediate contaminant plumes in a low permeability aquifer. Here, we proposed a one-step pyrolysis method to prepare scalable FeS nanosheets with carbon composites and ultrathin features. After modification with the surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), the resulting FeS-SDBS slurry exhibited high reactivity toward Cd(II), achieving a removal capacity of 163.3 mg/g, along with excellent suspension stability and enhanced oxidation resistance. Moreover, the incorporated surfactant modification of FeS nanosheets to form the inorganic-organic complex was found to tune the surface electrostatic potentials and charge densities as well as increase the elastic deformation, resulting in the enhanced influence radius of 2.1 times compared to bare FeS nanosheets, and the efficient immobilization of Cd(II) in the clay column. Furthermore, X-ray micro-computed tomography revealed the spatial distribution of FeS nanosheets during injection, accompanied by an 18.2 % reduction in the original total porosity. This study demonstrates the potential of FeS nanosheets as an efficient slurry for <em>in-situ</em> remediation of groundwater in low-permeability aquifers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"163 ","pages":"Pages 444-454"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2025-05-28DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.05.061
Liping Zhang , Weiwei Wang , Yiyun An , Huaran Sun , Eryong Wu , Xuwen He , Siwei Peng , Cun Zhang
The concentration of turbidity and fluoride in mine drainage exceeding the discharge standard, which impede coal mine water broader application. In this study, micro-flocculation, which was based on the fluoride removal agent (CFYJ-L) developed by our research group, was combined with direct filtration membrane (MFDMF) to remove the high concentrations of turbidity and fluoride. Firstly, we investigated the impacts of factors on fluoride, turbidity removal by the CFYJ-L, explored the mechanisms of fluoride removal and screened cleaning agents for membrane fouling. Findings indicate that the optimal process parameters were a dosage of 1.16 g/L, pH 6.11, stirring time 10.90 min, which would let F− concentration from 20 to 0.453 mg/L. Suspended solids (SS), Cl−, SO42− and CO32- all seems not reduced fluoride removal efficiency. The fluoride removal mechanism is primarily through electrostatic adsorption, ion exchange, complexation and hydrogen bonding, resulting in the formation of precipitates that remove fluoride. Meanwhile, the optimal process parameters for treating simulated fluorinated coal mine water with MFDMF process was an operating pressure of 0.2 MPa. Membrane fouling was mainly characterized by cake filtration, accompanied by pore clogging. The best cleaning agent for membrane fouling was 0.2 % HCl, which can increase the membrane flux recovery rate from 70 % to 91 %. A 90-day pilot site continuous operation demonstrated the stability of the MFDMF process, with a treatment cost was reduced from over 3.36 to 2.60 RMB/m3 and land area reduction exceeding 40 % compared to existing process.
{"title":"Investigation of fluoride and turbidity removal from coal mine water by combined micro-flocculation and membrane filtration: Lab to pilot scale","authors":"Liping Zhang , Weiwei Wang , Yiyun An , Huaran Sun , Eryong Wu , Xuwen He , Siwei Peng , Cun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.05.061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.05.061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The concentration of turbidity and fluoride in mine drainage exceeding the discharge standard, which impede coal mine water broader application. In this study, micro-flocculation, which was based on the fluoride removal agent (CFYJ-L) developed by our research group, was combined with direct filtration membrane (MFDMF) to remove the high concentrations of turbidity and fluoride. Firstly, we investigated the impacts of factors on fluoride, turbidity removal by the CFYJ-L, explored the mechanisms of fluoride removal and screened cleaning agents for membrane fouling. Findings indicate that the optimal process parameters were a dosage of 1.16 g/L, pH 6.11, stirring time 10.90 min, which would let F<sup>−</sup> concentration from 20 to 0.453 mg/L. Suspended solids (SS), Cl<sup>−</sup>, SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> and CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup> all seems not reduced fluoride removal efficiency. The fluoride removal mechanism is primarily through electrostatic adsorption, ion exchange, complexation and hydrogen bonding, resulting in the formation of precipitates that remove fluoride. Meanwhile, the optimal process parameters for treating simulated fluorinated coal mine water with MFDMF process was an operating pressure of 0.2 MPa. Membrane fouling was mainly characterized by cake filtration, accompanied by pore clogging. The best cleaning agent for membrane fouling was 0.2 % HCl, which can increase the membrane flux recovery rate from 70 % to 91 %. A 90-day pilot site continuous operation demonstrated the stability of the MFDMF process, with a treatment cost was reduced from over 3.36 to 2.60 RMB/m<sup>3</sup> and land area reduction exceeding 40 % compared to existing process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"163 ","pages":"Pages 481-491"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2025-08-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.07.058
Zhen Kuang , Wenfeng Zheng , Weilong Song , Pin Zhao , Xinhua Wang
Southern Jiangsu is a rapidly developing region for aquaculture in China, where antibiotics are commonly used to support growth and health in farmed species. This study investigates the distribution and ecological risks of 23 antibiotics across different aquaculture stages—early (Stage 1), middle (Stage 2), and late (Stage 3). Water and sediment samples were collected from aquaculture sites in Yixing and Suzhou to provide a multidimensional analysis of antibiotic usage patterns. To date, there remains a limited understanding of how antibiotics are distributed among different aquaculture species and across various stages of production. The findings revealed that the total concentration of antibiotics in water ranged from 2.90 to 12,620.85 ng/L, while in sediments it ranged from 3.60 to 176.81 ng/g. Erythromycin (ERY) and Enrofloxacin (ENR) were the dominant antibiotics in water and sediment, respectively. The concentration of antibiotics in water peaked during the Stage 2, while the highest concentrations in sediments were observed at the Stage 3. From the perspective of aquaculture species, the average antibiotic concentrations in water were 174.85 ng/L for crab, 187.98 ng/L for shrimp, and 224.19 ng/L for fish. During Stage 2, elevated concentrations of ERY were detected in Yixing, resulting in significantly higher antibiotic levels in water samples compared to those from Suzhou. In contrast, antibiotic concentrations in sediment samples were relatively consistent between the two regions. Risk assessment indicated that aquaculture in Southern Jiangsu faces both single-antibiotic and antibiotic mixture-related risks. This study provides a scientific basis for improving aquaculture management and policy.
{"title":"Occurrence, distribution, and risk assessment of antibiotics in typical aquaculture environment of Southern Jiangsu, China","authors":"Zhen Kuang , Wenfeng Zheng , Weilong Song , Pin Zhao , Xinhua Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.07.058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.07.058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Southern Jiangsu is a rapidly developing region for aquaculture in China, where antibiotics are commonly used to support growth and health in farmed species. This study investigates the distribution and ecological risks of 23 antibiotics across different aquaculture stages—early (Stage 1), middle (Stage 2), and late (Stage 3). Water and sediment samples were collected from aquaculture sites in Yixing and Suzhou to provide a multidimensional analysis of antibiotic usage patterns. To date, there remains a limited understanding of how antibiotics are distributed among different aquaculture species and across various stages of production. The findings revealed that the total concentration of antibiotics in water ranged from 2.90 to 12,620.85 ng/L, while in sediments it ranged from 3.60 to 176.81 ng/g. Erythromycin (ERY) and Enrofloxacin (ENR) were the dominant antibiotics in water and sediment, respectively. The concentration of antibiotics in water peaked during the Stage 2, while the highest concentrations in sediments were observed at the Stage 3. From the perspective of aquaculture species, the average antibiotic concentrations in water were 174.85 ng/L for crab, 187.98 ng/L for shrimp, and 224.19 ng/L for fish. During Stage 2, elevated concentrations of ERY were detected in Yixing, resulting in significantly higher antibiotic levels in water samples compared to those from Suzhou. In contrast, antibiotic concentrations in sediment samples were relatively consistent between the two regions. Risk assessment indicated that aquaculture in Southern Jiangsu faces both single-antibiotic and antibiotic mixture-related risks. This study provides a scientific basis for improving aquaculture management and policy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"163 ","pages":"Pages 535-543"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2025-05-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.05.002
Yijuan Yan , Jinming Qiu , Hongming Wu , Takuro Kobayashi , Samir I. Gadow , Chenming Xu , Yong Hu , Xueying Zhang
The delayed start-up phase of anaerobic digestion (AD) of kitchen waste (KW) seriously affects overall efficiency. The positive impact of organic fillers in anaerobic wastewater treatment has inspired the treatment of oily solid waste. This study compared the impacts of four popular fillers: polypropylene (PP), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), expandable polystyrene (EPS), and polyurethane sponge (PUS) to determine the optimal filler to achieve efficient starting KW-AD. The findings demonstrated that EPS, PP and HDPE reduced cumulative methane production by 43.27 %, 87.64 % and 89.18 %; PP and HDPE increased the concentration of acetate by 42.68 % and 59.90 %, generated start-up failure; the three increased the abundance of Actinobacteriota by more than 15.52 %, which caused sludge foaming. Conversely, PUS shortened the start-up phase of AD by 46.06 %, increased the cumulative methane production by 20.99 %, enhanced the abundances of hydrogen-producing bacteria (Thermotogota) and hydrogenotrophic methanogens (Methanoculleus) in the sludge by 15.73 % and 33.33 %. This suggested that the hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis pathway is significantly augmented. The surface of PUS mainly enriched two electrochemically active bacteria (Thiopseudomonas, 19.76 %; Defluviitoga, 12.71 %) to enhance interspecies electron transfer (IET). Further exploration revealed 2.80 g/g VS was the optimum PUS dosage for the start-up phase of KW-AD; and this threshold should not be lower than 0.93 g/g VS. This research revealed the mechanism by which the filler modulates the microbial community to enhance the degradation of organic matter, while also offering a theoretical reference for the efficient start-up of KW-AD.
{"title":"Efficient start-up of anaerobic methanogenesis process for kitchen waste biodegradation utilizing polyurethane sponge","authors":"Yijuan Yan , Jinming Qiu , Hongming Wu , Takuro Kobayashi , Samir I. Gadow , Chenming Xu , Yong Hu , Xueying Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The delayed start-up phase of anaerobic digestion (AD) of kitchen waste (KW) seriously affects overall efficiency. The positive impact of organic fillers in anaerobic wastewater treatment has inspired the treatment of oily solid waste. This study compared the impacts of four popular fillers: polypropylene (PP), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), expandable polystyrene (EPS), and polyurethane sponge (PUS) to determine the optimal filler to achieve efficient starting KW-AD. The findings demonstrated that EPS, PP and HDPE reduced cumulative methane production by 43.27 %, 87.64 % and 89.18 %; PP and HDPE increased the concentration of acetate by 42.68 % and 59.90 %, generated start-up failure; the three increased the abundance of Actinobacteriota by more than 15.52 %, which caused sludge foaming. Conversely, PUS shortened the start-up phase of AD by 46.06 %, increased the cumulative methane production by 20.99 %, enhanced the abundances of hydrogen-producing bacteria (<em>Thermotogota</em>) and hydrogenotrophic methanogens (<em>Methanoculleus</em>) in the sludge by 15.73 % and 33.33 %. This suggested that the hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis pathway is significantly augmented. The surface of PUS mainly enriched two electrochemically active bacteria (<em>Thiopseudomonas</em>, 19.76 %; <em>Defluviitoga</em>, 12.71 %) to enhance interspecies electron transfer (IET). Further exploration revealed 2.80 g/g VS was the optimum PUS dosage for the start-up phase of KW-AD; and this threshold should not be lower than 0.93 g/g VS. This research revealed the mechanism by which the filler modulates the microbial community to enhance the degradation of organic matter, while also offering a theoretical reference for the efficient start-up of KW-AD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"163 ","pages":"Pages 522-534"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2025-09-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.09.006
Kun Feng , Shuping Zhang , Neng Tao , Zhiyi Sun , Xianqiang Kong , Yuanyu Tan , Xuhao Liu , Lixiang Zhou , Pin Zhou , Yongjun Shen , Ting Li
The primary challenge of heterogeneous Fenton lies in the inefficient ferrous cycle, which prevents it from effectively activating hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to generate more reactive radicals (e.g., •O2−, •OH). The creation of a novel iron-based solid material, functionalized with various chemical groups, is critical for optimizing radical generation. In this study, WS2 introduction during the mineralization process of schwertmannite (Sch) reduced particle agglomeration and enhanced methylene blue (MB) removal efficiency across a broad pH range (2-9) using WS2-modified schwertmannite (WS2@Sch) catalyst. Over 90 % of MB (initial pH 6, H2O2 8.8 mmol/L, and WS2@Sch 1 g/L) was efficiently removed within 3 min by WS2@Sch-driven heterogeneous Fenton reaction. This effective elimination was attributed to abundant reactive species, primarily •OH, and 1O2. The superior catalytic performance of WS2@Sch originated from enhanced Fe3+ and Fe2+ cycling, facilitated by the electron donation from the W4+/W6+ redox couple. This work demonstrates an efficient MB removal technology while providing critical insights for designing high-performance heterogeneous Fenton catalysts for dye wastewater treatment.
{"title":"WS2-modified schwertmannite for highly efficient dye wastewater degradation via enhanced Fe cycle in heterogeneous Fenton-like catalysis","authors":"Kun Feng , Shuping Zhang , Neng Tao , Zhiyi Sun , Xianqiang Kong , Yuanyu Tan , Xuhao Liu , Lixiang Zhou , Pin Zhou , Yongjun Shen , Ting Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The primary challenge of heterogeneous Fenton lies in the inefficient ferrous cycle, which prevents it from effectively activating hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) to generate more reactive radicals (e.g., •O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>, •OH). The creation of a novel iron-based solid material, functionalized with various chemical groups, is critical for optimizing radical generation. In this study, WS<sub>2</sub> introduction during the mineralization process of schwertmannite (Sch) reduced particle agglomeration and enhanced methylene blue (MB) removal efficiency across a broad pH range (2-9) using WS<sub>2</sub>-modified schwertmannite (WS<sub>2</sub>@Sch) catalyst. Over 90 % of MB (initial pH 6, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> 8.8 mmol/L, and WS<sub>2</sub>@Sch 1 g/L) was efficiently removed within 3 min by WS<sub>2</sub>@Sch-driven heterogeneous Fenton reaction. This effective elimination was attributed to abundant reactive species, primarily •OH, and <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub>. The superior catalytic performance of WS<sub>2</sub>@Sch originated from enhanced <img>Fe<sup>3+</sup> and <img>Fe<sup>2+</sup> cycling, facilitated by the electron donation from the <img>W<sup>4+</sup>/<img>W<sup>6+</sup> redox couple. This work demonstrates an efficient MB removal technology while providing critical insights for designing high-performance heterogeneous Fenton catalysts for dye wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"163 ","pages":"Pages 126-135"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nanocomposites fabricated through the encapsulation of hydrated Zr(IV) oxide (HZO) nanoparticles within millimeter-scale hosts have emerged as promising candidates for phosphate sequestration from water. However, achieving ultrasmall nanoparticles within these hosts that maintain high decontamination reactivity is still a significant challenge. Herein, a novel nanocomposite (denoted HZO@CS-PEI) was obtained by confining the growth of HZO in dual crosslinked network hydrogels composed of interpenetrating chitosan (CS) and polyethyleneimine (PEI). Benefiting from the confinement effect of the dual cross-linked structure, the HZO within HZO@CS-PEI exhibited an ultrasmall size of approximately 2.16 nm. The incorporation of PEI enhanced both phosphate sequestration efficiency and mechanical stability of the nanocomposite, improving its practical applicability. Ultrafine dispersion of HZO nanoparticles within the composite matrix achieved a saturable phosphate adsorption capacity exceeding 64.41 mg/g at 298 K. Crucially, selective phosphate adsorption by HZO@CS-PEI remained effective in water containing high concentrations of coexisting anions and organic matter. The synergistic application of spectroscopic analyses and density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed three distinct interaction mechanisms between HZO@CS-PEI and phosphate: inner-sphere complexation, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic interactions. Furthermore, the used HZO@CS-PEI could be effectively regenerated with 0.1 mol/L NaOH for repeat use. In the column adsorption tests, phosphate-contaminated water was successfully treated by HZO@CS-PEI column over 2750 bed volumes (BV), confirming operational stability under dynamic flow conditions.
{"title":"Effective sequestration of phosphate by ultrasmall hydrated Zr(IV) oxide nanoparticles confined inside the PEI-crosslinked chitosan beads","authors":"Rui Ma, Xinjie Cui, Youyi Liu, Qianhui Xu, Weiwei Wang, Guangze Nie","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.05.045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.05.045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanocomposites fabricated through the encapsulation of hydrated Zr(IV) oxide (HZO) nanoparticles within millimeter-scale hosts have emerged as promising candidates for phosphate sequestration from water. However, achieving ultrasmall nanoparticles within these hosts that maintain high decontamination reactivity is still a significant challenge. Herein, a novel nanocomposite (denoted HZO@CS-PEI) was obtained by confining the growth of HZO in dual crosslinked network hydrogels composed of interpenetrating chitosan (CS) and polyethyleneimine (PEI). Benefiting from the confinement effect of the dual cross-linked structure, the HZO within HZO@CS-PEI exhibited an ultrasmall size of approximately 2.16 nm. The incorporation of PEI enhanced both phosphate sequestration efficiency and mechanical stability of the nanocomposite, improving its practical applicability. Ultrafine dispersion of HZO nanoparticles within the composite matrix achieved a saturable phosphate adsorption capacity exceeding 64.41 mg/g at 298 K. Crucially, selective phosphate adsorption by HZO@CS-PEI remained effective in water containing high concentrations of coexisting anions and organic matter. The synergistic application of spectroscopic analyses and density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed three distinct interaction mechanisms between HZO@CS-PEI and phosphate: inner-sphere complexation, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic interactions. Furthermore, the used HZO@CS-PEI could be effectively regenerated with 0.1 mol/L NaOH for repeat use. In the column adsorption tests, phosphate-contaminated water was successfully treated by HZO@CS-PEI column over 2750 bed volumes (BV), confirming operational stability under dynamic flow conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"163 ","pages":"Pages 596-610"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-04-28DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.04.075
Mao Wang , Xuehui Xu , Honglin Huang , Yuexin Zhang , Jiafeng Chen
Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are widely distributed in aquatic environments. However, there are few reports on the comprehensive analysis and assessment of the distribution and hazard of PFCs in China's natural water systems. Therefore, to bridge the research gap and deeply understand the current situation of PFCs in China’s natural water systems, this study systematically meta-analyzed PFCs data from 2013 to 2023. The results revealed that the highest median concentrations of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), which were 41.31 and 12.79 ng/L in surface water and 47.81 and 12.91 ng/L in groundwater, respectively, were reported in natural water systems in China. Over time, the proportion of long-chain PFCs in surface and groundwater in China has become less than short-chain PFCs, which may have been influenced by the implementation of the government's environmental protection policies, the fulfillment of the Stockholm Convention, and product substitution. Additionally, PFCs in China's natural water systems are distributed mainly in eastern and coastal regions. The risk assessment revealed that the PFCs risks in some tributaries of some river basins are relatively high. For example, the risk quotient (RQ) values of PFCs in Xiaoqing River in the Yellow River Basin, Daling River in the Liaohe River Basin, and Tangxun Lake in the Yangtze River Basin ranged from 0.26 to 3337, which indicate medium- to high-risk levels requiring enhanced control measures for PFCs. The findings of this research offer a theoretical reference for the management and risk assessment of PFCs in the Chinese water environment.
{"title":"Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in the natural water systems of China: A meta analysis and risk assessment","authors":"Mao Wang , Xuehui Xu , Honglin Huang , Yuexin Zhang , Jiafeng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.04.075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.04.075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are widely distributed in aquatic environments. However, there are few reports on the comprehensive analysis and assessment of the distribution and hazard of PFCs in China's natural water systems. Therefore, to bridge the research gap and deeply understand the current situation of PFCs in China’s natural water systems, this study systematically meta-analyzed PFCs data from 2013 to 2023. The results revealed that the highest median concentrations of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), which were 41.31 and 12.79 ng/L in surface water and 47.81 and 12.91 ng/L in groundwater, respectively, were reported in natural water systems in China. Over time, the proportion of long-chain PFCs in surface and groundwater in China has become less than short-chain PFCs, which may have been influenced by the implementation of the government's environmental protection policies, the fulfillment of the Stockholm Convention, and product substitution. Additionally, PFCs in China's natural water systems are distributed mainly in eastern and coastal regions. The risk assessment revealed that the PFCs risks in some tributaries of some river basins are relatively high. For example, the risk quotient (RQ) values of PFCs in Xiaoqing River in the Yellow River Basin, Daling River in the Liaohe River Basin, and Tangxun Lake in the Yangtze River Basin ranged from 0.26 to 3337, which indicate medium- to high-risk levels requiring enhanced control measures for PFCs. The findings of this research offer a theoretical reference for the management and risk assessment of PFCs in the Chinese water environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"162 ","pages":"Pages 642-653"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-04-30DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.04.065
Yuan Cao , Hong Yang , Yangting Liu , Fanjing Kong , Yijuan Zhu , Yucheng Chen , Kangwen Zhu , Zhimin Yang
Improving the utilization of agricultural biological waste resources is a critical issue. This study initially assessed the effects of adding attapulgite to vegetable compost. Additionally, the study investigated the effects of attapulgite-modified compost on soil nutrient release and microbial community changes through nutrient loss experiments. Results indicated that adding attapulgite increased compost humification, significantly promoted humic acid synthesis, and improved the aromaticity and structural stability of humus. Attapulgite-modified organic fertilizer effectively retains soil nutrients, improves soil urease and alkaline phosphatase activities, and promotes microbial activity, synergy, and carbohydrate metabolism, with a 30 % increase in tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle activity. ASV78 and ASV292 were highly sensitive to soil nutrient changes and may play a crucial role in regulating soil element cycling. This study provides valuable insights into the enhancement and application of clay minerals in composting, thereby improving the resource utilization of biological waste.
{"title":"Attapulgite-modified organic compost effectively reduces soil nutrient loss and enhances microbial interactions","authors":"Yuan Cao , Hong Yang , Yangting Liu , Fanjing Kong , Yijuan Zhu , Yucheng Chen , Kangwen Zhu , Zhimin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.04.065","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.04.065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Improving the utilization of agricultural biological waste resources is a critical issue. This study initially assessed the effects of adding attapulgite to vegetable compost. Additionally, the study investigated the effects of attapulgite-modified compost on soil nutrient release and microbial community changes through nutrient loss experiments. Results indicated that adding attapulgite increased compost humification, significantly promoted humic acid synthesis, and improved the aromaticity and structural stability of humus. Attapulgite-modified organic fertilizer effectively retains soil nutrients, improves soil urease and alkaline phosphatase activities, and promotes microbial activity, synergy, and carbohydrate metabolism, with a 30 % increase in tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle activity. ASV78 and ASV292 were highly sensitive to soil nutrient changes and may play a crucial role in regulating soil element cycling. This study provides valuable insights into the enhancement and application of clay minerals in composting, thereby improving the resource utilization of biological waste.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"162 ","pages":"Pages 405-416"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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