Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.12.003
Julio-Artemi Hernández-Trujillo , María-Dolores González-Rivera , Jorge M. González-Hernández
Background
objectives: Neuromuscular re-education has focused on improving motor activities in patients with pathologies by retraining the nervous system. However, this has not yet been investigated in healthy individuals. Voluntary isometric contractions at maximal muscle shortening (VICAMS) is a new technique with the same objective. This study aimed to investigate the chronic effects of these techniques on range of motion, strength, and vertical jump.
Methods
Sixty healthy, recreationally active participants (mean age: 46.4 ± 5.5), were randomly assigned to three groups (VICAMS, ballistic stretching, and control) who were trained for eight weeks. To assess chronic effects, active range of motion, maximal isometric strength, and countermovement jump height were determined before and after the intervention.
Results
Main effects of time and time∗group interactions were found for all variables (p < 0.001). Between-group differences were observed in the VICAMS group after the intervention, with significantly higher flexibility and strength values compared to the other groups. Intra-group differences were observed in the VICAMS and ballistic groups, as the values for all variables increased from baseline. In the VICAMS group, increases were observed in both flexibility (19.15 %) and strength (47.63 %). Increases in flexibility (2.59 %) and strength (1.84 %) were also observed in the ballistic group. For jumping, intra-group differences showed that both the VICAMS (16.56 %) and ballistic (4.34 %) groups had improved values compared to baseline values.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that VICAMS is an effective, simple, and inexpensive alternative to conventional training methods for improving flexibility and strength in rehabilitation.
{"title":"Voluntary isometric contractions at maximal shortening as a new technique to achieve neuromuscular re-education in healthy subjects","authors":"Julio-Artemi Hernández-Trujillo , María-Dolores González-Rivera , Jorge M. González-Hernández","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>objectives</em>: Neuromuscular re-education has focused on improving motor activities in patients with pathologies by retraining the nervous system. However, this has not yet been investigated in healthy individuals. Voluntary isometric contractions at maximal muscle shortening (VICAMS) is a new technique with the same objective. This study aimed to investigate the chronic effects of these techniques on range of motion, strength, and vertical jump.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Sixty healthy, recreationally active participants (mean age: 46.4 ± 5.5), were randomly assigned to three groups (VICAMS, ballistic stretching, and control) who were trained for eight weeks. To assess chronic effects, active range of motion, maximal isometric strength, and countermovement jump height were determined before and after the intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Main effects of time and time∗group interactions were found for all variables (p < 0.001). Between-group differences were observed in the VICAMS group after the intervention, with significantly higher flexibility and strength values compared to the other groups. Intra-group differences were observed in the VICAMS and ballistic groups, as the values for all variables increased from baseline. In the VICAMS group, increases were observed in both flexibility (19.15 %) and strength (47.63 %). Increases in flexibility (2.59 %) and strength (1.84 %) were also observed in the ballistic group. For jumping, intra-group differences showed that both the VICAMS (16.56 %) and ballistic (4.34 %) groups had improved values compared to baseline values.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings suggest that VICAMS is an effective, simple, and inexpensive alternative to conventional training methods for improving flexibility and strength in rehabilitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"23 1","pages":"Pages 42-50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11730556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142983709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.12.001
Manqi Zhang , Wenbiao Zhang , Yujie Yao , Jiabao Lin , Lei Mo
Background
Basketball is an attractive sport required both cooperative and antagonistic motor skills. However, the neural mechanism of basketball proficiency remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the brain functional and structural substrates underlying varying levels of basketball capacity.
Methods
Twenty advanced basketball athletes (AB), 20 intermediate basketball athletes (IB) and 20 age-matched non-athlete individuals without basketball experience (NI) participated in this study and underwent T1-weighted MRI and resting-state fMRI scanning. Voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC), amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF), and gray matter (GM) density were calculated and compared among the three groups.
Results
The VMHC in the bilateral postcentral gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, and superior temporal gyrus, as well as the GM density in the right precentral gyrus, exhibited a hierarchical structure of AB > IB > NI. Compared with NI group, AB and IB groups showed strengthened VMHC in supplementary motor area, paracentral lobule and superior frontal gyrus. Additionally, the ALFF of left middle occipital gyrus and right hippocampal and the GM density of left medial superior frontal gyrus exhibited differences in AB-IB and AB-NI comparisons.
Conclusions
By conducting the cross-sectional comparison, this study firstly identifies the varying levels of basketball proficiency related brain resting-state functional and structural plasticity. Especially, the regions associated with motor perception and control, including bilateral postcentral gyrus, middle and superior temporal gyrus and right precentral gyrus, are involved in the key neural mechanisms of basketball proficiency. Future longitudinal studies are necessary to further validate these findings.
{"title":"Neural correlates of basketball proficiency: An MRI study across skill levels","authors":"Manqi Zhang , Wenbiao Zhang , Yujie Yao , Jiabao Lin , Lei Mo","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Basketball is an attractive sport required both cooperative and antagonistic motor skills. However, the neural mechanism of basketball proficiency remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the brain functional and structural substrates underlying varying levels of basketball capacity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty advanced basketball athletes (AB), 20 intermediate basketball athletes (IB) and 20 age-matched non-athlete individuals without basketball experience (NI) participated in this study and underwent T1-weighted MRI and resting-state fMRI scanning. Voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC), amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF), and gray matter (GM) density were calculated and compared among the three groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The VMHC in the bilateral postcentral gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, and superior temporal gyrus, as well as the GM density in the right precentral gyrus, exhibited a hierarchical structure of AB > IB > NI. Compared with NI group, AB and IB groups showed strengthened VMHC in supplementary motor area, paracentral lobule and superior frontal gyrus. Additionally, the ALFF of left middle occipital gyrus and right hippocampal and the GM density of left medial superior frontal gyrus exhibited differences in AB-IB and AB-NI comparisons.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>By conducting the cross-sectional comparison, this study firstly identifies the varying levels of basketball proficiency related brain resting-state functional and structural plasticity. Especially, the regions associated with motor perception and control, including bilateral postcentral gyrus, middle and superior temporal gyrus and right precentral gyrus, are involved in the key neural mechanisms of basketball proficiency. Future longitudinal studies are necessary to further validate these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"23 1","pages":"Pages 14-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11683229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142907069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.11.001
Christopher J. Cleary , Summer B. Cook , Ashley A. Herda
Background/objective
This study assessed the influence of rest interval duration after tuck jumps on 10-s Wingate outcomes and countermovement jump height.
Methods
Eighteen resistance trained individuals (males: n = 10, 21.3 ± 3.6 years; females: n = 8, 22.1 ± 2.2 years) volunteered to participate in four sessions: familiarization, 3-min rest interval with no jumps (CON), and two randomized experimental sessions with a rest interval of either 1-min (ER1) or 5-min (ER5) after a series of tuck jumps. Countermovement jump (CMJ) height was assessed at baseline (PRE) and after (POST) the CON, ER1, and ER5 conditions, and 10-s Wingate cycling testing. Wingate relative peak power (RPP) and mean peak power (RMP) were measured. Separate mixed-factorial repeated measures analyses of variance assessed changes across conditions and sex for the Wingate variables and conditions, sex, and time for CMJ height at an alpha of p ≤ 0.05.
Results
RPP and RMP were significantly greater than CON for ER1 by 0.92 ± 0.23 W kg−1 and 0.41 ± 0.14 W kg−1, respectively, and ER5 by 0.77 ± 0.23 W kg−1 and 0.36 ± 0.10 W kg−1, respectively. ER1 and ER5 RPP and RMP were similar (p > 0.05). For CMJ height, there was only a main effect for sex as males jumped higher than females by 31.3 % (p = 0.002).
Conclusion
Performing tuck jumps prior to anaerobic exercise may increase performance for up to 5-min
背景/目的评价塔克跳后休息间隔时间对10-s Wingate结果和反动作跳高的影响。方法阻力训练个体18例(男性10例，年龄21.3±3.6岁；女性：n = 8, 22.1±2.2岁)自愿参加四个阶段：熟悉、3分钟无跳跃休息间隔（CON）和两个随机实验阶段，在一系列塔克跳跃后休息间隔为1分钟（ER1）或5分钟（ER5）。在CON、ER1和ER5条件的基线（PRE）和后（POST）以及10-s Wingate循环测试中评估反向运动跳跃（CMJ）高度。测量温盖特相对峰值功率（RPP）和平均峰值功率（RMP）。单独的混合因子重复测量方差分析评估了不同条件和性别的Wingate变量的变化，以及条件、性别和时间对CMJ高度的影响，alpha值为p≤0.05。结果ER1组rpp和RMP分别显著高于CON组0.92±0.23 W kg - 1和0.41±0.14 W kg - 1， ER5组rpp和RMP分别显著高于CON组0.77±0.23 W kg - 1和0.36±0.10 W kg - 1。RPP与RMP相似(p >；0.05)。对于CMJ高度，只有性别的主要影响，男性比女性高31.3% （p = 0.002）。结论：在无氧运动前进行塔克跳可以提高运动表现达5分钟
{"title":"Evaluation of rest interval following a series of tuck jumps on anaerobic performance","authors":"Christopher J. Cleary , Summer B. Cook , Ashley A. Herda","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/objective</h3><div>This study assessed the influence of rest interval duration after tuck jumps on 10-s Wingate outcomes and countermovement jump height.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Eighteen resistance trained individuals (males: n = 10, 21.3 ± 3.6 years; females: n = 8, 22.1 ± 2.2 years) volunteered to participate in four sessions: familiarization, 3-min rest interval with no jumps (CON), and two randomized experimental sessions with a rest interval of either 1-min (ER1) or 5-min (ER5) after a series of tuck jumps. Countermovement jump (CMJ) height was assessed at baseline (PRE) and after (POST) the CON, ER1, and ER5 conditions, and 10-s Wingate cycling testing. Wingate relative peak power (RPP) and mean peak power (RMP) were measured. Separate mixed-factorial repeated measures analyses of variance assessed changes across conditions and sex for the Wingate variables and conditions, sex, and time for CMJ height at an alpha of p ≤ 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>RPP and RMP were significantly greater than CON for ER1 by 0.92 ± 0.23 W kg<sup>−1</sup> and 0.41 ± 0.14 W kg<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, and ER5 by 0.77 ± 0.23 W kg<sup>−1</sup> and 0.36 ± 0.10 W kg<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. ER1 and ER5 RPP and RMP were similar (p > 0.05). For CMJ height, there was only a main effect for sex as males jumped higher than females by 31.3 % (p = 0.002).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Performing tuck jumps prior to anaerobic exercise may increase performance for up to 5-min</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"23 1","pages":"Pages 1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.11.002
Yuning Hao, Jay Lee, Water Soi Po Wong, Frankie U. Kei Wong, Walter Heung Chin Hui, Gasper Chi Hong Leong, Zhaowei Kong
Background
The impact of COVID-19 infection on physical and mental health of young adults remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the changes in the physical fitness three months after recovering from acute COVID-19 infection, and examine if the infection could also influence the mental health of university students.
Methods
A total of 460 university students (mean age 18.9 ± 1.3 years, with 30 males and 27 females uninfected with COVID-19) volunteered for the study. Participants underwent a fitness test initially, followed by another physical fitness test and a mental health assessment three months after the infection of COVID-19. Physical fitness tests included body composition, flexibility, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, and muscular endurance. Mental health was assessed using the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Self-Assessment Scale (DASS-21), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory (PSQI), and the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Self-Assessment Scale (PTSD).
Results
Three months after acute COVID-19 infection, the physical performance of university students had decreased compared to pre-infection levels by approximate 3–15 % (p < 0.05). Regarding mental health, a notable difference was observed in sleep quality, with the positive group scoring 19 % higher than the negative group (p < .05, d = .44). Sex (β = .164, p < .05), previous infection (β = .277, p = .019) and anxiety (β = .373, p = .002) were predictive of PSQI scores, accounting for 37.5 % of the variance.
Conclusions
All participants experienced a decline in physical fitness compared to their pre-infection levels, regardless of infection status. Those who had been infected exhibited poorer sleep quality compared to their non-infected peers. Prior COVID-19 infection and higher anxiety levels may contribute to poorer sleep quality.
COVID-19感染对年轻人身心健康的影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在调查急性COVID-19感染后3个月的体质变化，并探讨感染是否也会影响大学生的心理健康。方法460名大学生（平均年龄18.9±1.3岁）自愿参加研究，其中男性30名，女性27名。参与者最初进行了体能测试，然后在感染COVID-19三个月后进行了另一次体能测试和心理健康评估。体能测试包括身体组成、柔韧性、心肺健康、肌肉力量和肌肉耐力。采用抑郁-焦虑-压力自评量表（DASS-21）、匹兹堡睡眠质量量表（PSQI）和创伤后应激障碍自评量表（PTSD）进行心理健康评估。结果急性COVID-19感染3个月后，大学生的身体机能与感染前相比下降了约3 - 15% (p <；0.05)。在心理健康方面，观察到睡眠质量的显著差异，积极组比消极组得分高19% (p <；.05, d = .44)。性别(β = .164, p <；.05)、既往感染（β = .277, p = 0.019）和焦虑（β = .373, p = 0.002）是PSQI评分的预测因子，占方差的37.5%。结论：与感染前相比，所有参与者的身体健康水平都有所下降，无论感染状况如何。与未受感染的同龄人相比，那些被感染的人表现出较差的睡眠质量。先前的COVID-19感染和较高的焦虑水平可能会导致睡眠质量下降。
{"title":"A longitudinal study to COVID-19 infection among university students: Physical fitness changes and psychological responses","authors":"Yuning Hao, Jay Lee, Water Soi Po Wong, Frankie U. Kei Wong, Walter Heung Chin Hui, Gasper Chi Hong Leong, Zhaowei Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The impact of COVID-19 infection on physical and mental health of young adults remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the changes in the physical fitness three months after recovering from acute COVID-19 infection, and examine if the infection could also influence the mental health of university students.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 460 university students (mean age 18.9 ± 1.3 years, with 30 males and 27 females uninfected with COVID-19) volunteered for the study. Participants underwent a fitness test initially, followed by another physical fitness test and a mental health assessment three months after the infection of COVID-19. Physical fitness tests included body composition, flexibility, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, and muscular endurance. Mental health was assessed using the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Self-Assessment Scale (DASS-21), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory (PSQI), and the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Self-Assessment Scale (PTSD).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three months after acute COVID-19 infection, the physical performance of university students had decreased compared to pre-infection levels by approximate 3–15 % (<em>p</em> < 0.05). Regarding mental health, a notable difference was observed in sleep quality, with the positive group scoring 19 % higher than the negative group (<em>p</em> < .05, <em>d</em> = .44). Sex (<em>β</em> = .164, <em>p</em> < .05), previous infection (<em>β</em> = .277, <em>p</em> = .019) and anxiety (<em>β</em> = .373, <em>p</em> = .002) were predictive of PSQI scores, accounting for 37.5 % of the variance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>All participants experienced a decline in physical fitness compared to their pre-infection levels, regardless of infection status. Those who had been infected exhibited poorer sleep quality compared to their non-infected peers. Prior COVID-19 infection and higher anxiety levels may contribute to poorer sleep quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"23 1","pages":"Pages 7-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142759326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.10.002
Jiwoong Kim , Eunsook Kim , Dohyun Kim , Sungjin Yoon
Background and objectives
Obesity is a well-known cause of cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders. Normal-weight obesity, where the body mass index(BMI) is within the normal range but the body fat percentage is high, also adversely impacts cardiovascular and metabolic health. This study explored the effects of whole-body circuit training using a weighted vest on serum resistin, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease risk factors in normal-weight obese women.
Methods
Thirty-six normal-weight obese women were divided into three groups: Weighted Vest Circuit Training(WVCT)(n = 12), Body Weight Circuit Training(BWCT)(n = 12), and a Control group(CON)(n = 12). Participants in the WVCT and BWCT groups engaged in whole-body circuit training three times per week for eight weeks. Serum resistin, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and insulin resistance were measured before and after the intervention.
Results
The study revealed significant and impactful findings. There were substantial improvements in body composition(Skeletal Muscle Mass: +7.5 %, p = 0.042, d = 0.80), Serum Resistin(-38.2 %, p = 0.001, d = 0.85), insulin resistance(HOMA-IR: 27.1 %, p < 0.001, d = 0.88), and a reduction in IL-6 levels(-25.4 %, p = 0.082, d = 0.60) in the WVCT group compared to the BWCT and CON groups. The WVCT group outperformed the other groups, demonstrating greater effectiveness in reducing cardiovascular risk factors.
Conclusion
These findings have significant implications for healthcare. Whole-body circuit training with weighted vests has effectively improved body composition, reduced serum resistin, and lowered insulin resistance, reducing cardiovascular disease risk factors in normal-weight obese women. These results could inform and enhance the treatment and management of obesity-related cardiovascular and metabolic disorders.
{"title":"Weighted vest intervention during whole-body circuit training improves serum resistin, insulin resistance, and cardiometabolic risk factors in normal-weight obese women","authors":"Jiwoong Kim , Eunsook Kim , Dohyun Kim , Sungjin Yoon","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><div>Obesity is a well-known cause of cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders. Normal-weight obesity, where the body mass index(BMI) is within the normal range but the body fat percentage is high, also adversely impacts cardiovascular and metabolic health. This study explored the effects of whole-body circuit training using a weighted vest on serum resistin, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease risk factors in normal-weight obese women.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty-six normal-weight obese women were divided into three groups: Weighted Vest Circuit Training(WVCT)(n = 12), Body Weight Circuit Training(BWCT)(n = 12), and a Control group(CON)(n = 12). Participants in the WVCT and BWCT groups engaged in whole-body circuit training three times per week for eight weeks. Serum resistin, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and insulin resistance were measured before and after the intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study revealed significant and impactful findings. There were substantial improvements in body composition(Skeletal Muscle Mass: +7.5 %, <em>p</em> = 0.042, <em>d</em> = 0.80), Serum Resistin(-38.2 %, <em>p</em> = 0.001, <em>d</em> = 0.85), insulin resistance(HOMA-IR: 27.1 %, <em>p</em> < 0.001, <em>d</em> = 0.88), and a reduction in IL-6 levels(-25.4 %, <em>p</em> = 0.082, <em>d</em> = 0.60) in the WVCT group compared to the BWCT and CON groups. The WVCT group outperformed the other groups, demonstrating greater effectiveness in reducing cardiovascular risk factors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings have significant implications for healthcare. Whole-body circuit training with weighted vests has effectively improved body composition, reduced serum resistin, and lowered insulin resistance, reducing cardiovascular disease risk factors in normal-weight obese women. These results could inform and enhance the treatment and management of obesity-related cardiovascular and metabolic disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 463-473"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.09.004
Sha-sha Wang , Mu Cui , Jing-yuan Li , Huai-ming Zhang , Xiang-yun Liu , Jia Han
Objective
Lipid distribution plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism, and this study aimed to investigate the effects of 12 weeks traditional Chinese YiJinJing exercise on specific lipid distributions in patients with prediabetes.
Methods
Sixty participants with prediabetes were randomly allocated to either a control group (Con, n = 30) or an exercise group (Ex, n = 30). The Ex group underwent YiJinJing exercise plus Theraband, engaging in 1-h sessions, 3 times per week, over a total period of 12 weeks. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were used to measure lipid distribution in different body segments and organs. Additionally, a body composition analyser was employed to measure visceral fat, and laboratory tests were conducted to measure indicators related to glycolipid metabolism.
Results
Following a 12-week intervention with Exercise, 37 % of prediabetic patients in the Ex group achieved normal blood glucose levels. Significant reductions were observed in upper limb fat (ULF), trunk fat (TrF) and liver fat (LF) values in the Ex group compared to the Con group. Additionally, within the Ex group, there were notable decreases in triglyceride (TG) levels, body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), android fat (AF), ULF, thigh fat (ThF), renal sinus fat (RSF), and LF compared to baseline.
Conclusions
Traditional Chinese YiJinJing plus TheraBand exercise can significantly reduce blood glucose levels through improved lipid distribution and metabolism in prediabetic patients. Hence, YiJinJing can serve as a crucial intervention for individuals with prediabetes.
{"title":"Ameliorated lipid distribution in prediabetes - Effects of 12 weeks traditional Chinese YiJinJing exercise plus TheraBand: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Sha-sha Wang , Mu Cui , Jing-yuan Li , Huai-ming Zhang , Xiang-yun Liu , Jia Han","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Lipid distribution plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism, and this study aimed to investigate the effects of 12 weeks traditional Chinese YiJinJing exercise on specific lipid distributions in patients with prediabetes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Sixty participants with prediabetes were randomly allocated to either a control group (Con, n = 30) or an exercise group (Ex, n = 30). The Ex group underwent YiJinJing exercise plus Theraband, engaging in 1-h sessions, 3 times per week, over a total period of 12 weeks. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were used to measure lipid distribution in different body segments and organs. Additionally, a body composition analyser was employed to measure visceral fat, and laboratory tests were conducted to measure indicators related to glycolipid metabolism.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Following a 12-week intervention with Exercise, 37 % of prediabetic patients in the Ex group achieved normal blood glucose levels. Significant reductions were observed in upper limb fat (ULF), trunk fat (TrF) and liver fat (LF) values in the Ex group compared to the Con group. Additionally, within the Ex group, there were notable decreases in triglyceride (TG) levels, body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), android fat (AF), ULF, thigh fat (ThF), renal sinus fat (RSF), and LF compared to baseline.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Traditional Chinese YiJinJing plus TheraBand exercise can significantly reduce blood glucose levels through improved lipid distribution and metabolism in prediabetic patients. Hence, YiJinJing can serve as a crucial intervention for individuals with prediabetes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 438-444"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142425026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the accelerating global population aging, delaying aging and promoting healthy aging have become focal points in public health and clinical medicine. Phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel) is an important indicator of biological aging speed. This study aims to explore the relationship between different leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) patterns and PhenoAgeAccel, analyzing the association and dose-response relationship.
Methods
This study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2018, including 14,868 adults. Multivariable linear regression models and restricted cubic spline methods were used to assess the relationship between LTPA and PhenoAgeAccel, with segmented likelihood ratio tests to detect non-linear thresholds. Stratified regression and interaction tests explored potential modifications by sex, age, race, and socioeconomic status.
Results
Compared to individuals with no LTPA, those with inactive and regular LTPA patterns had significantly lower PhenoAgeAccel scores (P < 0.05), while the weekend warrior pattern showed no significant effect (P > 0.05). A non-linear threshold effect was found; below 560 min of weekly LTPA, a significant negative correlation existed (β = −0.001, 95 % CI: 0.001 to −0.0003, P < 0.001). Above this threshold, LTPA was positively correlated with PhenoAgeAccel, indicating a risk for accelerated aging (β = 0.0003, 95 % CI: 0.00002 to 0.001, P = 0.03). Similar non-linear threshold effects were found for both males and females.
Conclusion
Regular LTPA significantly reduces phenotypic age acceleration, with a non-linear threshold effect indicating moderate physical activity is most beneficial. The weekend warrior pattern was less effective. These findings highlight the necessity of personalized physical activity recommendations and provide evidence for public health strategies to promote healthy aging.
{"title":"Dose-response relationship between leisure-time physical activity patterns and phenotypic age acceleration in American adults: A cross-sectional analysis","authors":"Dongzhe Wu , Peng Huang , Xue Geng , Chaoyi Qu , Zhijian Rao , Jianhong Zhang , Yulin Shen , Qiangman Wei , Shijie Liu , Jiexiu Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>With the accelerating global population aging, delaying aging and promoting healthy aging have become focal points in public health and clinical medicine. Phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel) is an important indicator of biological aging speed. This study aims to explore the relationship between different leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) patterns and PhenoAgeAccel, analyzing the association and dose-response relationship.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2018, including 14,868 adults. Multivariable linear regression models and restricted cubic spline methods were used to assess the relationship between LTPA and PhenoAgeAccel, with segmented likelihood ratio tests to detect non-linear thresholds. Stratified regression and interaction tests explored potential modifications by sex, age, race, and socioeconomic status.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to individuals with no LTPA, those with inactive and regular LTPA patterns had significantly lower PhenoAgeAccel scores (<em>P</em> < 0.05), while the weekend warrior pattern showed no significant effect (<em>P</em> > 0.05). A non-linear threshold effect was found; below 560 min of weekly LTPA, a significant negative correlation existed (β = −0.001, 95 % CI: 0.001 to −0.0003, <em>P</em> < 0.001). Above this threshold, LTPA was positively correlated with PhenoAgeAccel, indicating a risk for accelerated aging (β = 0.0003, 95 % CI: 0.00002 to 0.001, <em>P</em> = 0.03). Similar non-linear threshold effects were found for both males and females.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Regular LTPA significantly reduces phenotypic age acceleration, with a non-linear threshold effect indicating moderate physical activity is most beneficial. The weekend warrior pattern was less effective. These findings highlight the necessity of personalized physical activity recommendations and provide evidence for public health strategies to promote healthy aging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 445-455"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142425480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.10.001
Haotian Zhao , Yongjia Deng , Ge Song , Hongkang Zhu , Lingyu Sun , Huixin Li , Yi Yan , Chang Liu
Objective
Rhythmic physical activity holds promise for positively influencing the gross motor development of 4-5-year-old children, yet empirical research in this domain remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the effects of rhythmic physical activity on the gross motor development in children aged 4–5 years.
Methods
Fifty children aged 4–5 years were recruited and randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. Both groups participated in a 10-week intervention program facilitated by a professional trainer, with support from numerous dedicated volunteers from reputable sports universities. This program comprised a one-week baseline assessment followed by 8 weeks of rhythmic physical activity training conducted three times per week. Gross motor performance was assessed using the PGMQ scale before and one week after the intervention.
Results
Following the 8-week intervention, the intervention group demonstrated significant enhancements in displacement ability, with notable improvements observed in. Specifically, the scores for running, sliding lateral transfer, leaping step, two-footed back-and-forth jump, and total displacement ability showed significant increases (P < 0.05). Moreover, the total scores for running, standing long jump, sliding lateral transfer, leaping step, two-footed back-and-forth jump, and displacement ability exhibited significant differences between the intervention and control groups (P < 0.05). Regarding manipulative ability, the intervention group showed significant increases in scores for over-the-shoulder throwing, two-handed catching, and kicking (P < 0.05). Moreover, there were significant differences between groups in the scores for two-handed catching and kicking (P < 0.05). Concerning balance ability, the intervention group exhibited significant improvements in scores for single-leg stand, double-leg stand, and total balance ability (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in any of the indices within the control group (P > 0.05). The two-way repeated measures ANOVA of intervention × time revealed significant differences in scores for running, sliding lateral movement, leaping step, jumping back and forth with both feet, leading ability, kicking, manipulation ability, single-leg stand, double-leg stand, balance ability, and gross motor scores (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
This study underscores the beneficial impact of engaging in eight weeks of rhythmic physical activity on the gross motor development of 4-5-year-olds. Furthermore, the improvements in gross motor development achieved through rhythmic physical activity may surpass those obtained through general physical activity.
{"title":"Effects of 8 weeks of rhythmic physical activity on gross motor movements in 4-5-year-olds: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Haotian Zhao , Yongjia Deng , Ge Song , Hongkang Zhu , Lingyu Sun , Huixin Li , Yi Yan , Chang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Rhythmic physical activity holds promise for positively influencing the gross motor development of 4-5-year-old children, yet empirical research in this domain remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the effects of rhythmic physical activity on the gross motor development in children aged 4–5 years.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifty children aged 4–5 years were recruited and randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. Both groups participated in a 10-week intervention program facilitated by a professional trainer, with support from numerous dedicated volunteers from reputable sports universities. This program comprised a one-week baseline assessment followed by 8 weeks of rhythmic physical activity training conducted three times per week. Gross motor performance was assessed using the PGMQ scale before and one week after the intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Following the 8-week intervention, the intervention group demonstrated significant enhancements in displacement ability, with notable improvements observed in. Specifically, the scores for running, sliding lateral transfer, leaping step, two-footed back-and-forth jump, and total displacement ability showed significant increases (P < 0.05). Moreover, the total scores for running, standing long jump, sliding lateral transfer, leaping step, two-footed back-and-forth jump, and displacement ability exhibited significant differences between the intervention and control groups (P < 0.05). Regarding manipulative ability, the intervention group showed significant increases in scores for over-the-shoulder throwing, two-handed catching, and kicking (P < 0.05). Moreover, there were significant differences between groups in the scores for two-handed catching and kicking (P < 0.05). Concerning balance ability, the intervention group exhibited significant improvements in scores for single-leg stand, double-leg stand, and total balance ability (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in any of the indices within the control group (P > 0.05). The two-way repeated measures ANOVA of intervention × time revealed significant differences in scores for running, sliding lateral movement, leaping step, jumping back and forth with both feet, leading ability, kicking, manipulation ability, single-leg stand, double-leg stand, balance ability, and gross motor scores (P < 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study underscores the beneficial impact of engaging in eight weeks of rhythmic physical activity on the gross motor development of 4-5-year-olds. Furthermore, the improvements in gross motor development achieved through rhythmic physical activity may surpass those obtained through general physical activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 456-462"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-14DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.09.003
Sofia Brevik-Persson , Christina Gjestvang , Emilie Mass Dalhaug , Birgitte Sanda , Jørgen Melau , Lene A.H. Haakstad
Background
Regular exercise during pregnancy is beneficial, but athletes often exceed the recommended 150 min of moderate-intensity activity, incorporate high-intensity exercises. The upper limit for exercise intensity and duration on fetal and maternal safety remains uncertain. A concern is a maternal core body temperature of >39.0 °C, potentially increase the risk of heat-related fetal malformations and complications during pregnancy. Blood flow redirection for thermoregulation could compromise fetal cardiovascular function, increasing the risk of miscarriage and preterm labor. This study evaluated whether pregnant women (gestational weeks 25–35) were at risk of exceeding a core body temperature of 39.0 °C during high-intensity running. We also investigated effects on skin temperature, fluid loss, and thermal sensation, comparing pregnant athletes to non-pregnant controls.
Methods
In this comparative cross-sectional study, 30 elite and recreational athletes (pregnant n = 15) completed up to five high-intensity treadmill-intervals. Core and skin temperature were continuously measured. Body weight was utilized to calculate the amount of fluid loss.
Results
Highest core body temperature were 38.76 °C and 39.56 °C in one pregnant and non-pregnant participant, respectively. Pregnant participants had lower core body temperatures (mean difference −0.47 °C, p ≤ 0.001) initially and a smaller increase (0.10 °C, p ≤ 0.003) during later intervals compared with the non-pregnant controls. Pregnant participants also showed a greater increase in skin temperature (4.08 ± 0.72 °C vs. 3.25 ± 0.86 °C, p = 0.008) and fluid loss (0.81 ± 0.19 L vs. 0.50 ± 0.12 L, p˂0.001).
Conclusion
Physiological changes in pregnancy may enhance thermoregulation, indicating that high-intensity interval runs are unlikely to pose a risk of exceeding a core body temperature of 39 °C for pregnant athletes.
{"title":"Cool mama: Temperature regulation during high-intensity interval running in pregnant elite and recreational athletes","authors":"Sofia Brevik-Persson , Christina Gjestvang , Emilie Mass Dalhaug , Birgitte Sanda , Jørgen Melau , Lene A.H. Haakstad","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Regular exercise during pregnancy is beneficial, but athletes often exceed the recommended 150 min of moderate-intensity activity, incorporate high-intensity exercises. The upper limit for exercise intensity and duration on fetal and maternal safety remains uncertain. A concern is a maternal core body temperature of >39.0 °C, potentially increase the risk of heat-related fetal malformations and complications during pregnancy. Blood flow redirection for thermoregulation could compromise fetal cardiovascular function, increasing the risk of miscarriage and preterm labor. This study evaluated whether pregnant women (gestational weeks 25–35) were at risk of exceeding a core body temperature of 39.0 °C during high-intensity running. We also investigated effects on skin temperature, fluid loss, and thermal sensation, comparing pregnant athletes to non-pregnant controls.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this comparative cross-sectional study, 30 elite and recreational athletes (pregnant n = 15) completed up to five high-intensity treadmill-intervals. Core and skin temperature were continuously measured. Body weight was utilized to calculate the amount of fluid loss.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Highest core body temperature were 38.76 °C and 39.56 °C in one pregnant and non-pregnant participant, respectively. Pregnant participants had lower core body temperatures (mean difference −0.47 °C, p ≤ 0.001) initially and a smaller increase (0.10 °C, p ≤ 0.003) during later intervals compared with the non-pregnant controls. Pregnant participants also showed a greater increase in skin temperature (4.08 ± 0.72 °C vs. 3.25 ± 0.86 °C, p = 0.008) and fluid loss (0.81 ± 0.19 L vs. 0.50 ± 0.12 L, p˂0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Physiological changes in pregnancy may enhance thermoregulation, indicating that high-intensity interval runs are unlikely to pose a risk of exceeding a core body temperature of 39 °C for pregnant athletes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 429-437"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1728869X24000625/pdfft?md5=5a81a67e8d8271058b1f4e4e66188704&pid=1-s2.0-S1728869X24000625-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.09.002
Nike Lu , Patrick W.C. Lau , Huiqi Song , Yuxin Zhang , Ruhina Binta A. Ghani , Chenglong Wang
Background/objective
Physical activity (PA) self-efficacy plays a crucial role in maintaining and enhancing PA behaviors in children. However, the effectiveness of eHealth interventions in boosting PA self-efficacy among children remains uncertain. Furthermore, which behavior change techniques (BCTs) used in eHealth interventions can positively influence children's PA self-efficacy needs further exploration for designing tailored eHealth interventions. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify the effectiveness of eHealth interventions and BCTs in promoting children's PA self-efficacy.
Methods
Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted across six databases (PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCOhost, Ovid, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO) up to January 8, 2024. Inclusion criteria included randomized controlled trials (RCT), quasi-experimental, and two-group experiments that examined the effect of eHealth interventions on PA self-efficacy among healthy children aged 0–18 years. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale was utilized to assess the risk of bias. Random effects meta-analysis was performed to determine the effectiveness of eHealth interventions and BCTs in selected studies.
Results
Sixteen studies were screened, including 6020 participants with an average age of 11.58 years (SD = 2.87). The result showed small but significant intervention effects with high heterogeneity (I2 = 92.34 %) for postintervention PA self-efficacy (Hedges’ g = 0.315; 95 % CI = 0.069, 0.562, p = .012). Two BCTs were significantly associated with enhanced PA self-efficacy: instruction on performing the behavior (p = .003) and behavior demonstration (p = .036). Additionally, studies that adopted social support (unspecified) a nd prompt/cues were significantly less effective than studies that did not use these BCTs (p = .001).
Conclusions
The findings showed that eHealth interventions positively affect children's PA self-efficacy. This review is the pioneer in focusing on BCTs in eHealth interventions for children. The insights gained provide valuable knowledge about tailored BCTs incorporated into eHealth interventions that promote children's PA self-efficacy.
Trial registration
International Prospective Register of Systematic Review (PROSPERO): CRD42024512058.
背景/目的：体育锻炼（PA）自我效能感在维持和加强儿童体育锻炼行为方面起着至关重要的作用。然而，电子健康干预在提高儿童体育锻炼自我效能感方面的效果仍不确定。此外，电子健康干预中使用的哪些行为改变技术（BCTs）能积极影响儿童的PA自我效能感，还需要进一步探讨，以便设计出量身定制的电子健康干预措施。因此，本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在确定电子健康干预措施和行为改变技术在促进儿童自我锻炼能力方面的有效性。方法根据系统综述和荟萃分析首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南，对截至 2024 年 1 月 8 日的六个数据库（PubMed、Web of Science、EBSCOhost、Ovid、SPORTDiscus、PsycINFO）进行了全面检索。纳入标准包括随机对照试验 (RCT)、准实验和两组实验，这些试验研究了电子健康干预对 0-18 岁健康儿童的 PA 自我效能的影响。采用物理治疗证据数据库（PEDro）量表评估偏倚风险。结果筛选出16项研究，包括6020名参与者，平均年龄为11.58岁（SD = 2.87）。结果表明，干预效果虽小，但却很明显，干预后的PA自我效能异质性很高（I2 = 92.34 %）（Hedges' g = 0.315; 95 % CI = 0.069, 0.562, p = .012）。有两项 BCT 与 PA 自我效能感的提高有明显相关性：行为指导（p = .003 ）和行为示范（p = .036）。此外，采用社会支持（未指定）和提示/提示的研究的效果明显低于未采用这些BCT的研究（p = .001）。本综述率先关注了儿童电子保健干预中的BCTs。所获得的见解为将有针对性的BCT纳入促进儿童自我锻炼能力的电子健康干预措施提供了宝贵的知识：CRD42024512058。
{"title":"The effect of electronic health (eHealth) interventions for promoting physical activity self-efficacy in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Nike Lu , Patrick W.C. Lau , Huiqi Song , Yuxin Zhang , Ruhina Binta A. Ghani , Chenglong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/objective</h3><p>Physical activity (PA) self-efficacy plays a crucial role in maintaining and enhancing PA behaviors in children. However, the effectiveness of eHealth interventions in boosting PA self-efficacy among children remains uncertain. Furthermore, which behavior change techniques (BCTs) used in eHealth interventions can positively influence children's PA self-efficacy needs further exploration for designing tailored eHealth interventions. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify the effectiveness of eHealth interventions and BCTs in promoting children's PA self-efficacy.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted across six databases (PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCOhost, Ovid, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO) up to January 8, 2024. Inclusion criteria included randomized controlled trials (RCT), quasi-experimental, and two-group experiments that examined the effect of eHealth interventions on PA self-efficacy among healthy children aged 0–18 years. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale was utilized to assess the risk of bias. Random effects meta-analysis was performed to determine the effectiveness of eHealth interventions and BCTs in selected studies.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Sixteen studies were screened, including 6020 participants with an average age of 11.58 years (SD = 2.87). The result showed small but significant intervention effects with high heterogeneity (I<sup>2</sup> = 92.34 %) for postintervention PA self-efficacy (<em>Hedges’ g</em> = 0.315; 95 % CI = 0.069, 0.562, <em>p</em> = .012). Two BCTs were significantly associated with enhanced PA self-efficacy: <em>instruction on performing the behavior</em> (p = .003) and <em>behavior demonstration</em> (<em>p</em> = .036). Additionally, studies that adopted social support (unspecified) a nd prompt/cues were significantly less effective than studies that did not use these BCTs (p = .001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The findings showed that eHealth interventions positively affect children's PA self-efficacy. This review is the pioneer in focusing on BCTs in eHealth interventions for children. The insights gained provide valuable knowledge about tailored BCTs incorporated into eHealth interventions that promote children's PA self-efficacy.</p></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><p>International Prospective Register of Systematic Review (PROSPERO): CRD42024512058.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 417-428"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1728869X24000613/pdfft?md5=16e7f234a1af8ba2fcfd007e9fcc4058&pid=1-s2.0-S1728869X24000613-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142232491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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