Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness最新文献

{"title":"Effects of exercise on blood glucose levels and pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis and meta-regression","authors":"Li Shu , Ruizhe Jiang , Fang Wang , Yongjin Xu , Ping Wang , Yuanying Ma , Jinxia Pan , Cong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Due to variations in exercise protocols, the effects of exercise on GDM remain inconsistent. This review aims to explore the effects of exercise on maternal and neonatal outcomes in women with GDM, and whether there is a dose-response relationship between exercise volume and pregnancy outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, EBSCO, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, and VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals Full-Text Databases were searched for randomized controlled trials. Cochrane RevMan and R were used for statistical analysis, and studies were evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool. Weighted-mean standardized mean differences were calculated using a random effects model. Heterogeneity was evaluated using <em>I</em><sup>2</sup>.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-four studies and 3,477 participants were included. Results from meta-analysis showed that exercise significantly lowered fasting blood glucose (FBG) (SMD = −1.69, <em>I</em><sup>2</sup> = 96 %, <em>p</em> < 0.0001), 2-h postprandial blood glucose (2-hPBG) (SMD = −2.10, <em>I</em><sup>2</sup> = 96 %, <em>p</em> < 0.0001), and glycated hemoglobin (MD = −0.95, <em>I</em><sup>2</sup> = 98 %, <em>p</em> < 0.0001) and reduced the risk of gestational hypertension (RR = 0.24, <em>I</em><sup>2</sup> = 0 %, <em>p</em> < 0.0001) and cesarean section (RR = 0.71, <em>I</em><sup>2</sup> = 53 %, <em>p</em> = 0.0005), preterm birth (RR = 0.51, <em>I</em><sup>2</sup> = 31 %, <em>p</em> = 0.002), macrosomia (RR = 0.40, <em>I</em><sup>2</sup> = 19 %, <em>p</em> < 0.0001), and neonatal hypoglycemia (RR = 0.49, <em>I</em><sup>2</sup> = 0 %, <em>p</em> = 0.03). Subgroup analyses indicated that moderate combined aerobic and resistance exercise improved FBG (SMD = −2.39, <em>I</em><sup>2</sup> = 98 %, <em>p</em> < 0.0001), 2-hPBG (SMD = −2.96, <em>I</em><sup>2</sup> = 97 %, <em>p</em> < 0.0001) and reduced the risks of cesarean section (RR = 0.68, <em>I</em><sup>2</sup> = 40 %, <em>p</em> = 0.02), preterm birth (RR = 0.46, <em>I</em><sup>2</sup> = 23 %, <em>p</em> = 0.01) and macrosomia (RR = 0.27, <em>I</em><sup>2</sup> = 0 %, <em>p</em> < 0.0001). In addition, the meta-regression analysis demonstrated a significant dose-response relationship between exercise volume and 2-hPBG (<em>β</em> = −0.004, <em>I</em><sup>2</sup> = 36.9 %, <em>p</em> = 0.002).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Moderate-intensity combined aerobic and resistance exercise, performed for at least 30 min per session on more than three days per week for at least six weeks, is associated with more pronounced improvements in glycemic control in women with GDM. It also reduces the risk of cesarean section, preterm birth, and macrosomia. These findings underscore the import","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"23 4","pages":"Pages 416-425"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145098896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of aerobic exercise on immune components across healthy and diseased populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","authors":"Gengxin Dong ,&nbsp;Xueying He ,&nbsp;Jiya He ,&nbsp;Dapeng Bao ,&nbsp;Qi Gao ,&nbsp;Junhong Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Aerobic exercise may improve immune component quantities in healthy and diseased populations, but its effects across different health conditions and immune systems remain unclear. This review examined its impact on immune components in both populations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A search in June 2025 across four databases included randomized controlled studies on aerobic exercise's effects on immune components in adults. Data (M ± SD) were extracted and converted to standardized mean difference (SMD) using random-effect meta-analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Seventeen studies (502 participants) were included. The meta-analysis results showed long-term aerobic exercise increased T-cell counts in diseased individuals (p &lt; 0.05) but not in healthy ones (p &gt; 0.05). It significantly reduced IgA levels in healthy participants compared to non-exercising controls (p &lt; 0.05), potentially counteracting natural temporal increases observed in sedentary populations, without affecting IgG, IgM, leukocytes, neutrophils, or monocytes in either group (p &gt; 0.05). Single-pass exercise did not alter leukocytes, lymphocytes, CD3⁺, or NK cells in healthy participants (p &gt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Long-term aerobic exercise primarily affects adaptive immune components, benefiting individuals with unstable immune conditions. Single-pass exercise has no effect on healthy populations, making long-term interventions more suitable for improving adaptive immunity in unstable immune states.</div></div><div><h3>Systematic review registration</h3><div><span><span>www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>, identifier: CRD42024546696.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"23 4","pages":"Pages 435-450"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145098897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute effect of dark chocolate intake before high-intensity resistance exercise on arterial stiffness in healthy young men","authors":"Urara Hata ,&nbsp;Yuto Hashimoto ,&nbsp;Midori Natsume ,&nbsp;Takanobu Okamoto","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This study investigated the effect of dark chocolate (DC) intake before resistance exercise (RE) on arterial stiffness.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twelve healthy adult males (age, 23.0 ± 1.0 years) performed DC or white chocolate (WC) intake trial on separate days in a randomized crossover trials. Participants consumed 50g of DC containing 1285 mg cocoa polyphenols or an isocaloric amount of WC 50g without polyphenols. All participants performed 5 sets of 5 repetitions using 80 % of the 1 repetition maximum (1RM) bench press and 5 sets of 10 repetitions using 70 % of the 1RM biceps curl. Brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), blood pressure, and heart rate were measured before chocolate intake (baseline); and before (at 60 min after chocolate intake), immediately after, and at 30 and 60 min after completing the RE.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In both trials, there was a significant increase in baPWV immediately after the RE compared with baseline (baseline: DC 1103 ± 94 cm/s, WC 1108 ± 167 cm/s; immediately after RE: DC 1300 ± 187 cm/s, WC 1325 ± 178 cm/s; P &lt; 0.05). In the DC intake trial, baPWV decreased to 1210 ± 180 cm/s at 30 min and 1155 ± 134 cm/s at 60 min after RE, compared to immediately after RE (P &lt; 0.05). In contrast, in the WC intake trial baPWV was decreased to 1222 ± 176 cm/s at 60 min after RE compared to immediately after RE (P &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These results suggest that in comparison with WC intake, DC intake before RE might quickly reduce post-exercise increased arterial stiffness. <strong>Clinical Trials Registry Number</strong>: UMIN000052616.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"23 4","pages":"Pages 409-415"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145003867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of hard court slide braking technique and influencing factors in elite college tennis players","authors":"Yutian Ji ,&nbsp;Tianhao Gao ,&nbsp;Wentao Zhang ,&nbsp;Ruichao Zhang ,&nbsp;Yifan Wang ,&nbsp;Liya Xu ,&nbsp;Xinyu Wang ,&nbsp;Xu Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of hard court slide braking technique of elite college tennis players and to analyze the factors that influence the use of hard court slide braking technique.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 100 elite tennis players (58 males and 42 females) participated in tests involving hard court hit-to-return and Forcedecks Dual Force Plates System-based physical function. Independent samples t-tests, paired samples t-tests and binary logistic regression were employed in data analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The use of slide braking technique on hard courts, compared to traditional methods, led to a 10 % reduction in time for short-distance shots and a 7 % reduction for long-distance shots (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Athletes skilled in the hard court slide braking technique completed the movement faster when they employed traditional braking technique than those who are unskilled in the hard court slide braking technique (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Key factors that significantly influenced the use of slide braking technique included years of training, left hip abduction, 10-m sprint speed, braking leg reactive strength index (RSI), ground reaction force on the braking leg and recovery balance time of the braking leg (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings offer new perspectives into tennis-specific physical training, assisting more tennis players in enhancing their athletic skills effectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"23 4","pages":"Pages 399-408"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute effects of blue and red light exposure on cognitive performance, exercise capacity, perceived effort, and dynamic balance: A randomized crossover study","authors":"Ukbe Sirayder ,&nbsp;Merdan Orunoglu ,&nbsp;Oguzhan Yilmaz","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study investigated the acute effects of narrow-band blue (460 nm) and red (630 nm) light exposure on cognitive performance, exercise capacity, perceived fatigue, and dynamic balance in healthy young males. To our knowledge, this is the first randomized crossover study to systematically assess the combined impact of pre-exercise light exposure on both cognitive-motor integration and aerobic performance within an exercise context.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifty physically active young males participated in a randomized crossover design. Participants were exposed to either blue or red light, followed immediately by assessments of simple reaction time (SRT), Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT) distance, heart rate, perceived exertion, and Y-Balance Test performance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Blue light exposure led to a significant and large improvement in SRT (Δ = −53.33 ms; p &lt; 0.001, η²_p = 0.270) and enhanced dynamic balance. Red light exposure produced greater increases in ISWT distance (Δ = +36.98 m; p = 0.004, η²_p = 0.453) and significant reductions in perceived fatigue and dyspnea. A moderate positive correlation was observed between SRT improvement and ISWT distance under blue light (β = 0.1869, p = 0.008).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrates that short-term, wavelength-specific light exposure may optimize both cognitive and physiological readiness prior to exercise. These findings provide novel evidence supporting the integration of individualized light-based strategies in athletic preparation protocols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"23 4","pages":"Pages 389-398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144896025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing cognitive function through blood flow restriction: An effective resistance exercise modality for middle-aged women","authors":"Dohyeon Lee ,&nbsp;Kyeongho Byun ,&nbsp;Sewon Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Cognitive decline progresses more rapidly in women than in men, with a higher prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases observed in females. Exercise has been shown to enhance cognitive function through the upregulation of neurotrophic factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). However, high-load resistance exercise may not be suitable for all populations, particularly middle-aged women. Low-load resistance exercise with blood flow restriction (LLBFR) has emerged as an effective alternative. This study investigated the acute effects of LLBFR on neurotrophic factors and cognitive function in middle-aged women.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifteen healthy middle-aged women completed a randomized crossover trial involving four conditions: control (CON), low-load resistance exercise (LLRE), LLBFR, and moderate-load resistance exercise (MLRE). Cognitive function was assessed before and after each session using the color-word matching Stroop task (CWST). Blood samples were analyzed for serum levels of BDNF, VEGF, and IGF-1, and lactate concentrations were measured to evaluate metabolic responses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Only the LLBFR condition showed significant improvements in CWST reaction time (<em>p</em> = 0.002) with no changes in error rates, indicating enhanced cognitive performance. Serum BDNF and VEGF levels increased significantly following both LLBFR (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001, <em>p</em> = 0.014, respectively) and MLRE (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001, <em>p</em> = 0.004, respectively), whereas IGF-1 levels remained unchanged across conditions. Increases in lactate concentrations were positively correlated with changes in BDNF and VEGF (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001 for both), but not with IGF-1.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A single session of LLBFR improved cognitive function and upregulated neurotrophic factors, particularly BDNF and VEGF, in middle-aged women. These findings suggest that LLBFR may be an effective intervention for promoting cognitive health in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"23 4","pages":"Pages 379-388"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144865193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compared to moderate-intensity continuous training, short-term high-intensity interval training demonstrates enhanced effects on metabolic flexibility in adult males with obesity","authors":"Jia-Zheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiao-Mei Liu ,&nbsp;Shi-Qi Lu ,&nbsp;Zhen-Bo Cao ,&nbsp;Zheng Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The aim of this study was to assess the effects of short-term high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous aerobic training (MICT) with matched energy expenditure on metabolic flexibility and other metabolic parameters in adult male individuals with obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty male individuals with obesity (age: 21.4 ± 1.5 years; body mass index: 31.0 ± 3.6 kg/m²) were enrolled in this crossover design study. Participants were randomly allocated to an intervention sequence of 1) 3 consecutive days of HIIT (30 min, 6 × 2.5 min bouts at 90 % Peak Oxygen Uptake (VO_2peak), alternated with 2.5 min active recovery periods [25 % VO_2peak]), or 2) three consecutive days of MICT (60 min at 50 % VO_2peak), with a washout period of 1 week. Respiratory quotient (RQ), glucose, C-peptide, insulin, and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels were measured both during fasting and throughout a 180 min oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), conducted before and after the intervention. The incremental area under the curve (iAUC) and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) were derived. ΔRQ was defined as the average RQ during the OGTT minus fasting RQ.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Short-term exercise intervention significantly reduced HOMA-IR in male individuals with obesity (P &lt; 0.001) and concurrently increased the Matsuda index (P = 0.001). Both exercise interventions led to a similar decrease in fasting RQ (P = 0.001), C-peptide, insulin, and HOMA-IR (P &lt; 0.001). Additionally, they reduced the iAUC for glucose and insulin during the OGTT (P &lt; 0.001). The ΔRQ and the RQ iAUC in the HIIT group were significantly higher than those in the MICT group, and different exercise intensities exhibited interactive effects within groups for RQ iAUC and ΔRQ (P = 0.013 and P = 0.012).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Two short-term exercise interventions similarly improved glucose tolerance, with HIIT demonstrating a more advantageous effect on metabolic flexibility than MICT in male individuals with obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>The trial was officially registered at <span><span>www.chictr.org.cn</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> (ChiCTR2300072884).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"23 4","pages":"Pages 370-378"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144770610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autoregulated resistance training for maximal strength enhancement: A systematic review and network meta-analysis","authors":"Zijing Huang ,&nbsp;Jian Sun ,&nbsp;Duanying Li ,&nbsp;Chao Chen ,&nbsp;Dexin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to systematically review the effects of Autoregulating Progressive Resistance Exercise (APRE), Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE), and Velocity-based Resistance Training (VBRT) on maximal strength through a network meta-analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forest plots and network diagrams visualized training modality differences and intervention relationships. Pooled standard mean difference (SMD) of different studies and the corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) quantified effect sizes, with inconsistency models assessing heterogeneity and surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) values ranking protocols by optimal probability.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>For back squat 1RM, no moderate/large effect sizes were observed between interventions. SUCRA rankings showed APRE (93.0 %) as the most optimal intervention, followed by RPE (66.8 %), VBRT (27.0 %), and PBRT (13.2 %). In bench press 1RM, PBRT demonstrated a large effect vs APRE (SMD = −0.83, −1.22 to −0.44), while RPE showed a moderate effect vs APRE (SMD = −0.76, −1.70 to 0.19). SUCRA rankings prioritized APRE (97.1 %), followed by VBRT (57.1 %), RPE (29.9 %), and PBRT (15.9 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this study, the network meta-analysis confirmed that APRE, VBRT, and RPE were significantly more effective than PBRT in enhancing maximum strength. Among these, APRE demonstrated the greatest effect, ranking first in the improvement of both the back squat and bench press 1RM, followed by VBRT, RPE, and PBRT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"23 4","pages":"Pages 360-369"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144739687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and arterial health in young-, and middle-age women: A mediation effect of body composition","authors":"Jitanan Laosiripisan ,&nbsp;Napasakorn Chuensiri ,&nbsp;Prin Ongkeaw ,&nbsp;Thanonwat Sriputsayathanoth ,&nbsp;Sawitree Poonpetpradab ,&nbsp;Pornpicha Narmgate","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"23 4","pages":"Pages 341-348"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the effects of 25-minute electrical muscle stimulation vs. 90-minute full-body resistance training on body composition and strength: A 20-week intervention","authors":"Süleyman Ulupınar ,&nbsp;Uğur Arı ,&nbsp;Necip Fazıl Kishalı ,&nbsp;İzzet İnce ,&nbsp;Salih Çabuk ,&nbsp;Cebrail Gençoğlu ,&nbsp;Serhat Özbay","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Electromyostimulation (EMS) and traditional resistance training (TradRT) are widely used methods for improving muscle strength and body composition. However, comparative studies employing a multi-week longitudinal design remain limited. This study aimed to investigate the effects of 20 weeks of EMS vs. TradRT on body composition and strength performance in physically active adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty-six participants were randomly assigned to either the EMS group (n = 22) or the TradRT group (n = 24). The EMS group performed twice-weekly, 25-min whole-body EMS sessions, while the TradRT group completed twice-weekly, 90-min full-body resistance training sessions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Assessments of body weight, body mass index (BMI), fat percentage, and maximal strength were conducted at baseline, 10 weeks, and 20 weeks. A significant time effect was observed for all variables (p &lt; 0.001), indicating improvements in both groups. However, group × time interactions revealed distinct adaptation patterns. The TradRT group exhibited greater reductions in body fat percentage and superior strength gains in bench press, leg press, shoulder press, and triceps pushdown, and abdominal strength. Conversely, the EMS group showed greater reductions in body weight and BMI. No significant interaction effect was observed for biceps curl strength. Both EMS and TradRT were effective in improving strength and body composition, but TradRT led to greater strength development and fat reduction, while EMS was more effective for weight and BMI reduction.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest that EMS may serve as a viable alternative for individuals unable to engage in high-load resistance training, whereas TradRT remains superior for maximizing strength and fat loss.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"23 4","pages":"Pages 349-359"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144722099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}