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A comparison of three different work to rest periods during intermittent sprint training on maintaining sprint effort performance 间歇性短跑训练中三种不同的做功与休息时间对保持短跑成绩的影响比较
IF 2.8 2区 医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.12.004
Timothy Rogers , Nicholas Gill , Christopher M. Beaven

Background/objectives

Team sports are characterised by repeated maximal intensity bursts of activity, requiring significant energy contribution from the phosphagen pathways. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of different rest periods on repeated maximal intensity efforts.

Methods

The effect of three different recovery periods (60 s, 90 s and 120 s) during a 10 × six-seconds intermittent sprint training protocol performed on a cycle ergometer was investigated. Thirteen part-time female athletes from two sports, Rugby Sevens and Netball competing for their state participated in the study. Peak Power (PPO), Mean Power (MPO), “total work” in the form of calorie expenditure, performance decrement, repetitions over 95% PPO, blood lactate, and RPE were recorded.

Results

There was a significant effect of condition on MPO and calorie expenditure (p < 0.050). MPO was significantly lower for 60 s compared to 90 s (710.4 vs 734.4 W, ES = 0.27–0.42) and 120 s (710.4 vs 743.3 W, ES = 0.36–0.47). Calorie expenditure was significantly lower for 60 s compared to 90 s (4.41 vs 4.56 cal, ES = 0.25–0.46) and 120 s (4.41 vs 4.59 cal, ES = 0.40–0.48). There was a significant effect of time (60 s 11.7, 90 s 11.1.120 s 10.9 mmol/L, p < 0.010) but not condition (p = 0.617) for blood lactate accumulation, and a significant difference in session RPE between 60 and both 90 s and 120 s (60 s 15.5, 90 s 14.2. p = 0.034 120 s 13.9, p = 0.039).

Conclusion

Shorter recovery durations resulted in decreased mean power and calorie expenditure, but higher RPE when compared to longer recovery periods. All three recovery periods may have fallen between the fast and slow phases of PCr resynthesis of approximately 20 and 180 s resulting in partial but not complete recovery. Total training time should be a consideration when determining what protocol to implement.

背景/目的团队运动的特点是反复进行最大强度的爆发活动,需要磷酸原途径提供大量能量。本研究的目的是评估不同休息时间对重复最大强度活动的影响。方法研究了在自行车测力计上进行 10 × 6 秒间歇冲刺训练方案期间,三种不同恢复时间(60 秒、90 秒和 120 秒)的影响。来自七人制橄榄球和网式橄榄球两个项目的 13 名兼职女运动员参加了这项研究。研究记录了峰值功率(PPO)、平均功率(MPO)、以卡路里消耗为形式的 "总功"、成绩下降、超过 95% PPO 的重复次数、血乳酸和 RPE。与 90 秒(710.4 vs 734.4 W,ES = 0.27-0.42)和 120 秒(710.4 vs 743.3 W,ES = 0.36-0.47)相比,60 秒的 MPO 明显较低。与 90 秒(4.41 卡路里对 4.56 卡路里,ES = 0.25-0.46)和 120 秒(4.41 卡路里对 4.59 卡路里,ES = 0.40-0.48)相比,60 秒的热量消耗明显较低。时间(60 秒 11.7,90 秒 11.1.120 秒 10.9 毫摩尔/升,p < 0.010)对血乳酸累积有显著影响,但条件(p = 0.617)对血乳酸累积无显著影响,60 秒与 90 秒和 120 秒之间的会话 RPE 有显著差异(60 秒 15.5,90 秒 14.2。结论与较长的恢复期相比,较短的恢复期会导致平均功率和卡路里消耗减少,但 RPE 却较高。所有三个恢复期都可能介于 PCr 重新合成的快慢阶段(约 20 秒和 180 秒)之间,导致部分恢复而非完全恢复。在确定实施何种方案时,应考虑总训练时间。
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引用次数: 0
Results from Ireland North and South’s 2022 report card on physical activity for children and adolescents 爱尔兰北部和南部 2022 年儿童和青少年体育活动成绩单的结果
IF 2.8 2区 医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.12.003
Angela Carlin , Sinead Connolly , Tamsyn Redpath , Sarajane Belton , Tara Coppinger , Conor Cunningham , Alan Donnelly , Kieran Dowd , Deirdre Harrington , Elaine Murtagh , Kwok Ng , Wesley O'Brien , Lauren Rodriguez , Catherine Woods , Helen McAvoy , Marie Murphy

Background

The Ireland North and South Report Card on Physical Activity (PA) for Children and Adolescents aims to monitor progress in PA participation across a range of internationally established indicators.

Methods

Data were collated for 11 indicators and graded following the harmonised Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance report card process. Six representative studies (sample size range n = 898 to n = 15,557) were primarily used in the grading, with many indicators supplemented with additional studies and reports. Data collected since the implementation of COVID-19 public health measures in March 2020 were excluded.

Results

Grades were awarded as follows: ‘Overall physical activity’, C-; ‘Organised Sport and Physical Activity’, C; ‘Active Play’, INC; ‘Sedentary Behaviours’, C-; ‘Physical Fitness’, INC; ‘Family and Peers’, D+; ‘School’, C-; ‘Physical Education’, D; ‘Community and Environment’, B+ and ‘Government’, B. Separate grades were awarded for disability as follows; ‘Overall physical activity’, F; ‘Organised Sport and Physical Activity’, D; ‘Sedentary Behaviours’, C-; ‘Family and Peers’, C; ‘School’, C- and ‘Government’, B. ‘Active Play’, ‘Physical Fitness’, ‘Physical Education’ and ‘Community and Environment’ were all graded INC for disability. Since the last report card in 2016, four grades remained the same, three increased (‘Overall physical activity’, ‘School’ and ‘Physical Education’) and two (‘Family and Peers,’ and ‘Government’) were awarded grades for the first time.

Conclusion

Grades specific to children and adolescents with disability were generally lower for each indicator. While small improvements have been shown across a few indicators, PA levels remain low across many indicators for children and adolescents.

背景爱尔兰南北儿童和青少年体育锻炼(PA)成绩单旨在通过一系列国际公认的指标来监测参与体育锻炼的进展情况。方法对 11 项指标的数据进行了整理,并按照 "积极健康儿童全球联盟 "的统一成绩单流程进行了分级。分级时主要使用了六项代表性研究(样本量从 n = 898 到 n = 15,557 不等),许多指标还使用了其他研究和报告作为补充。自 2020 年 3 月实施 COVID-19 公共卫生措施以来收集的数据未包括在内:总体体育活动",C-;"有组织的运动和体育活动",C;"积极游戏",INC;"久坐行为",C-;"体能",INC;"家庭和同伴",D+;"学校",C-;"体育",D;"社区和环境",B+;"政府",B。针对残疾情况的单独评分如下:"总体体育活动",F;"有组织的运动和体育活动",D;"久坐行为",C-;"家庭和同伴",C;"学校",C-和 "政府",B。"积极游戏"、"体育健身"、"体育教育 "和 "社区与环境 "的残疾评分均为INC。自 2016 年的上一份成绩单以来,4 个等级保持不变,3 个等级有所提高("总体体育活动"、"学校 "和 "体育教育"),2 个等级("家庭与同伴 "和 "政府")首次被授予等级。虽然有几项指标略有改善,但在许多指标中,儿童和青少年的 PA 水平仍然较低。
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引用次数: 0
Molecular origin and biological effects of exercise mimetics 运动模拟物的分子起源和生物效应
IF 2.8 2区 医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.12.002
Yuping Zhu, Gang Song

With the rapid development of sports science and molecular biology technology, academia refers to molecules or microorganisms that mimic or enhance the beneficial effects of exercise on the body, called “exercise mimetics.” This review aims to clarify the concept and development history of exercise mimetics, and to define the concept of exercise mimetics by summarizing its characteristics and functions. Candidate molecules and drug targets for exercise mimetics are summarized, and the relationship between exercise mimetics and exercise is explained, as well as the targeting system and function of exercise mimetics. The main targeting systems for exercise mimetics are the exercise system, circulatory system, endocrine system, endocrine system, and nervous system, while the immune system is potential targeting systems. Finally, future research directions for exercise mimetics are discussed.

随着体育科学和分子生物学技术的飞速发展,学术界将模仿或增强运动对人体有益作用的分子或微生物称为 "运动模拟物"。本综述旨在阐明运动模拟物的概念和发展历程,并通过总结运动模拟物的特点和功能来定义运动模拟物的概念。综述了运动拟效剂的候选分子和药物靶点,阐述了运动拟效剂与运动的关系,以及运动拟效剂的靶向系统和功能。运动拟态药物的主要靶向系统是运动系统、循环系统、内分泌系统、内分泌系统和神经系统,而免疫系统是潜在的靶向系统。最后,讨论了运动模拟物未来的研究方向。
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引用次数: 0
Accommodating resistance is more effective than free weight resistance to induce post-activation performance enhancement in squat jump performance after a short rest interval 与自由重量阻力相比,适应性阻力能更有效地诱导在短暂休息间歇后提高深蹲跳性能
IF 2.8 2区 医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.12.001
Sebastian Masel, Marcin Maciejczyk

Background/objectives

Prior work regarding post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) has shown that various resistance training methods and conditioning activities may induce a PAPE effect such as free weight resistance, accommodating resistance or isoinertial resistance. However, the accommodating resistance and other types of resistance have rarely been directly compared. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of two different conditioning activities (CA) - a trap bar deadlift with (FW + AR condition) or without (FW condition) accommodating resistance - on subsequent squat jump (SJ) performance after a short rest interval of 90s.

Methods

The study had a cross-over design and fifteen strength trained males (mean age: 22.9 ± 2.1 years; mean relative strength level 2.01 ± 0.27 kg/body mass) participated in one familiarization, two experimental and one control session (CNTR condition). Two CAs were implemented throughout the study - a single set of 3 repetitions of a trap bar deadlift at 80 % of 1RM using solely free weight resistance or with the addition of approximately 15 % of 1RM elastic band tension. The SJ measurements were performed at the baseline and 90s after CAs.

Results

The FW + AR condition significantly improved subsequent SJ performance (p < 0.05, effect size 0.34) whereas the FW and CNTR conditions were found to be ineffective to acutely enhance performance.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that the addition of accommodating resistance is superior to free weight resistance in order to acutely improve jump performance after a 90s rest interval. To observe the performance enhancement effect with solely free weight resistance it should be considered to introduce alteration in loading strategies or possibly lengthening the rest interval.

背景/目的有关活动后成绩提高(PAPE)的先前研究表明,各种阻力训练方法和调节活动都可能诱发 PAPE 效果,如自由重量阻力、适应性阻力或等惯性阻力。然而,迁就性阻力和其他类型的阻力很少被直接比较。因此,本研究旨在比较两种不同的调节活动(CA)--带(FW + AR 条件)或不带(FW 条件)容纳阻力的曳引杆负重--对 90 秒短暂休息间隔后的深蹲跳(SJ)成绩的影响。 研究采用交叉设计,15 名力量训练有素的男性(平均年龄:22.9 ± 2.1 岁;平均相对力量水平 2.01 ± 0.27 公斤/体重)参加了一次熟悉、两次实验和一次对照(CNTR 条件)。在整个研究过程中采用了两种CA--单组3次、以80%的1RM强度进行曳引杆负重,仅使用自由重量阻力或增加约15%的1RM弹力带张力。结果FW + AR 条件显著提高了随后的 SJ 成绩(p < 0.05,效应大小为 0.34),而 FW 和 CNTR 条件则无法有效提高成绩。要观察仅用自由重量阻力提高成绩的效果,应考虑改变负荷策略或延长休息间隔。
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引用次数: 0
Acute effect of exercise intensity on circulating FGF-21, FSTL-1, cathepsin B, and BDNF in young men 运动强度对年轻男性循环FGF-21、FSTL-1、组织蛋白酶B和BDNF的急性影响
IF 2.8 2区 医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.11.002
Minje Ji , Chaeeun Cho , Sewon Lee

Background/objectives

Exercise intensity is potentially an important regulator of various exerkines secretion, but the optimal exercise intensity to increase and sustain exerkines levels, including FGF-21, FSTL-1, cathepsin B, and BDNF in humans, has not yet been fully elucidated. This study aimed to examine the circulating levels of FGF-21, FSTL-1, cathepsin B, and BDNF according to the exercise intensity.

Methods

Nine young men (24.0 ± 0.4 years old) performed 4 different experimental sessions at 1-week intervals: 1) a control session (CTRL; no exercise); 2) moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE, 55% HRR); 3) vigorous-intensity continuous exercise (VICE, 85% HRR); and 4) high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE, 4 repetitions of a 30-s of “all out” cycling workout followed by a 4-min recovery). Blood samples were collected at 4 different time points (pre-exercise, immediately post-exercise, 30 min post-exercise, and 90 min post-exercise).

Results

Serum FGF-21, FSTL-1, cathepsin B, and BDNF were higher in HIIE than in CTRL immediately post-exercise, and FSTL-1, cathepsin B, and BDNF were higher in HIIE than in MICE immediately post-exercise (P < 0.05). The AUC for FGF-21, FSTL-1, and BDNF was higher in HIIE than in CTRL, and the AUC for FGF-21 and BDNF was higher in HIIE than in MICE (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the change in blood lactate was positively correlated with the changes in all exerkines.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates that acute HIIE effectively increases serum FGF-21, FSTL-1, cathepsin B, and BDNF compared to MICE. Therefore, the secretion of exerkines, including FGF-21, FSTL-1, cathepsin B, and BDNF may be exercise intensity-dependent.

背景/目的运动强度可能是多种运动因子分泌的重要调节因子,但增加和维持人体运动因子水平(包括FGF-21、FSTL-1、组织蛋白酶B和BDNF)的最佳运动强度尚未完全阐明。本研究旨在根据运动强度检测循环中FGF-21、FSTL-1、组织蛋白酶B和BDNF的水平。方法9名年轻男性(24.0±0.4岁),每隔1周进行4次不同的实验:1)对照组(CTRL;没锻炼);2)中等强度连续运动(小鼠,55% HRR);3)高强度连续运动(VICE, 85% HRR);4)高强度间歇运动(HIIE,重复4次,每次30秒的“全力以赴”自行车运动,然后进行4分钟的恢复)。在4个不同的时间点(运动前、运动后立即、运动后30分钟和运动后90分钟)采集血样。结果HIIE组运动后立即血清FGF-21、FSTL-1、组织蛋白酶B和BDNF均高于对照组,HIIE组运动后立即血清FSTL-1、组织蛋白酶B和BDNF均高于对照组(P <0.05)。HIIE中FGF-21、FSTL-1和BDNF的AUC高于对照组,HIIE中FGF-21和BDNF的AUC高于小鼠(P <0.05)。此外,血乳酸的变化与所有运动因子的变化呈正相关。本研究表明,与小鼠相比,急性HIIE可有效增加血清FGF-21、FSTL-1、组织蛋白酶B和BDNF。因此,包括FGF-21、FSTL-1、组织蛋白酶B和BDNF在内的运动因子的分泌可能与运动强度有关。
{"title":"Acute effect of exercise intensity on circulating FGF-21, FSTL-1, cathepsin B, and BDNF in young men","authors":"Minje Ji ,&nbsp;Chaeeun Cho ,&nbsp;Sewon Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2023.11.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesf.2023.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/objectives</h3><p>Exercise intensity is potentially an important regulator of various exerkines secretion, but the optimal exercise intensity to increase and sustain exerkines levels, including FGF-21, FSTL-1, cathepsin B, and BDNF in humans, has not yet been fully elucidated. This study aimed to examine the circulating levels of FGF-21, FSTL-1, cathepsin B, and BDNF according to the exercise intensity.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Nine young men (24.0 ± 0.4 years old) performed 4 different experimental sessions at 1-week intervals: 1) a control session (CTRL; no exercise); 2) moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE, 55% HRR); 3) vigorous-intensity continuous exercise (VICE, 85% HRR); and 4) high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE, 4 repetitions of a 30-s of “all out” cycling workout followed by a 4-min recovery). Blood samples were collected at 4 different time points (pre-exercise, immediately post-exercise, 30 min post-exercise, and 90 min post-exercise).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Serum FGF-21, FSTL-1, cathepsin B, and BDNF were higher in HIIE than in CTRL immediately post-exercise, and FSTL-1, cathepsin B, and BDNF were higher in HIIE than in MICE immediately post-exercise (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The AUC for FGF-21, FSTL-1, and BDNF was higher in HIIE than in CTRL, and the AUC for FGF-21 and BDNF was higher in HIIE than in MICE (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, the change in blood lactate was positively correlated with the changes in all exerkines.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study demonstrates that acute HIIE effectively increases serum FGF-21, FSTL-1, cathepsin B, and BDNF compared to MICE. Therefore, the secretion of exerkines, including FGF-21, FSTL-1, cathepsin B, and BDNF may be exercise intensity-dependent.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"22 1","pages":"Pages 51-58"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1728869X2300062X/pdfft?md5=cd558978c7b4c0768b06124b8522657b&pid=1-s2.0-S1728869X2300062X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138465735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Acute effects of exercise intensity on butyrylcholinesterase and ghrelin in young men: A randomized controlled study 运动强度对年轻男性丁胆碱酯酶和胃饥饿素的急性影响:一项随机对照研究
IF 2.8 2区 医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.11.001
Yibin Li , Yusei Tataka , Miki Sakazaki , Kayoko Kamemoto , Chihiro Nagayama , Yoshie Yoshikawa , Yoshiki Yamada , Masashi Miyashita

Background/objectives

Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), a liver-derived enzyme that hydrolyzes acylated ghrelin to des-acylated ghrelin, may trigger a potential mechanism responsible for the acute exercise-induced suppression of acylated ghrelin. However, studies examining the effects of an acute bout of high-intensity exercise on BChE and acylated ghrelin have yielded inconsistent findings. This study aimed to examine the acute effects of exercise intensity on BChE, acylated ghrelin and des-acylated ghrelin concentrations in humans.

Methods

Fifteen young men (aged 22.7 ± 1.8 years, mean ± standard deviation) completed three, half-day laboratory-based trials (i.e., high-intensity exercise, low-intensity exercise and control), in a random order. In the exercise trials, the participants ran for 60 min (from 09:30 to 10:30) at a speed eliciting 70 % (high-intensity) or 40 % (low-intensity) of their maximum oxygen uptake and then rested for 90 min. In the control trial, participants sat on a chair for the entire trial (from 09:30 to 12:00). Venous blood samples were collected at 09:30, 10:00, 10:30, 11:00, 11:30 and 12:00.

Results

The BChE concentration was not altered over time among the three trials. Total acylated and des-acylated ghrelin area under the curve during the first 60 min (i.e., from 0 min to 60 min) of the main trial were lower in the high-intensity exercise trial than in the control (acylated ghrelin, mean difference: 62.6 pg/mL, p < 0.001; des-acylated ghrelin, mean difference: 31.4 pg/mL, p = 0.035) and the low-intensity exercise trial (acylated ghrelin, mean difference: 87.7 pg/mL, p < 0.001; des-acylated ghrelin, mean difference: 43.0 pg/mL, p = 0.042).

Conclusion

The findings suggest that BChE may not be involved in the modulation of ghrelin even though lowered acylated ghrelin concentration was observed after high-intensity exercise.

背景/目的丁基胆碱酯酶(BChE)是一种肝脏来源的酶,可将酰化的胃饥饿素水解为去酰化的胃饥饿素,可能触发一种潜在的机制,负责急性运动诱导的酰化胃饥饿素抑制。然而,关于急性高强度运动对BChE和酰化胃饥饿素影响的研究得出了不一致的结果。本研究旨在研究运动强度对人体BChE、酰化胃饥饿素和去酰化胃饥饿素浓度的急性影响。方法15名年轻男性(年龄22.7±1.8岁,平均±标准差)按随机顺序完成3项为期半天的实验室试验(即高强度运动、低强度运动和对照组)。在运动试验中,参与者以最大摄氧量的70%(高强度)或40%(低强度)的速度跑步60分钟(从09:30到10:30),然后休息90分钟。在对照试验中,参与者在整个试验中(从09:30到12:00)坐在椅子上。分别于09:30、10:00、10:30、11:00、11:30、12:00采集静脉血。结果3个试验中BChE浓度没有随时间变化。在主试验的前60分钟(即从0分钟到60分钟),高强度运动试验中,胃饥饿素曲线下总酰化和去酰化面积低于对照组(酰化胃饥饿素,平均差值:62.6 pg/mL, p <0.001;去酰化胃饥饿素,平均差值:31.4 pg/mL, p = 0.035)和低强度运动试验(酰化胃饥饿素,平均差值:87.7 pg/mL, p <0.001;去酰化胃饥饿素,平均差值:43.0 pg/mL, p = 0.042)。结论高强度运动可降低胃饥饿素的酰化浓度,但BChE可能与胃饥饿素的调节无关。
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引用次数: 0
A regional Report Card on physical activity in children and adolescents: The case of Extremadura (Spain) in the Global Matrix 4.0 儿童和青少年身体活动区域报告卡:以全球矩阵4.0中的埃斯特雷马杜拉(西班牙)为例
IF 2.8 2区 医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.10.005
María Mendoza-Muñoz , Antonio Castillo-Paredes , Laura Muñoz-Bermejo , Jorge Pérez-Gómez , José C. Adsuar , Javier Brazo-Sayavera , Raquel Pastor-Cisneros

Background/objective

This study presents the first Report Card from Extremadura (Spain), concerning the 4th edition of Global Matrix (GM), which aimed to provide an assessment of Physical Activity (PA) in children and adolescents based on 10 common indicators defined by GM.

Methods

This Report Card was developed by 34 experts from 8 public institutions and 5 research groups from Extremadura and audited by the Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance (AHKGA). All documents, up to July 2021, were analyzed to grade the 10 indicators according to the benchmarks set out by the AHKGA (scale ranging from A to F).

Results

Information was reported in 8 of the 10 indicators, only Active Play and Active Transportation were not reported due to a lack of local information. The other 8 indicators were graded as follows: Overall Physical Activity: F; Organized Sport and Physical Activity: D+, Sedentary Behavior: D, Physical Fitness: C+, Family and Peers: A, School: C+, Community and Environment: B, and Government: C-. In addition, some of the indicators were evaluated according to gender; boys scored higher than girls in Overall Physical Activity (D-vs. F); Organized Sport and Physical Activity (C vs. D) and Physical Fitness (C- vs. D+).

Conclusion

The first Report Card from Extremadura in the GM initiative revealed low compliance with international guidelines on PA and sedentary behavior. Despite high grades for sources of influence, the implemented actions have not been effective yet, and there is no information on Active Play and Active Transportation. These results will allow regional authorities to act at a more local level, as Extremadura's administrative framework allows public administrations and political institutions to act in terms of legislative and budgetary powers among others, which is important for resource allocation.

背景/目的介绍西班牙埃斯特雷马杜拉(Extremadura)第4版全球矩阵(Global Matrix, GM)的第一张报告卡,该报告卡旨在根据GM定义的10个常见指标对儿童和青少年的身体活动(Physical Activity, PA)进行评估。方法该报告卡由埃斯特雷马杜拉(Extremadura) 8个公共机构和5个研究小组的34名专家编写,并经活跃健康儿童全球联盟(AHKGA)审核。对截至2021年7月的所有文件进行分析,根据AHKGA制定的基准(从A到F的等级)对10个指标进行分级。结果10个指标中有8个指标报告了信息,由于缺乏当地信息,只有Active Play和Active Transportation没有报告。其他8项指标的评分如下:整体体力活动:F;有组织的运动和身体活动:D+,久坐行为:D,身体健康:C+,家庭和同伴:A,学校:C+,社区和环境:B,政府:C-。此外,有些指标是按性别评价的;男孩在整体体力活动(D-vs.)方面的得分高于女孩。F);有组织的运动和身体活动(C对D)和身体健康(C-对D+)。结论埃斯特雷马杜拉在GM倡议中的第一份报告卡显示,对PA和久坐行为的国际指导方针的依从性较低。尽管对影响来源的评价很高,但实施的行动尚未产生效果,也没有关于“积极玩耍”和“积极交通”的资料。这些结果将使区域当局能够在更地方一级采取行动,因为埃斯特雷马杜拉的行政框架允许公共行政部门和政治机构在立法和预算权力等方面采取行动,这对资源分配很重要。
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引用次数: 0
The relationship between physical literacy and quality of life among university students: The role of motivation as a mediator 大学生身体素质与生活质量的关系:动机的中介作用
IF 2.8 2区 医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.10.002
Fong-Jia Wang , Siu Ming Choi , Yu-Cheng Lu

Background/objective

The literature has discussed the potential for nurturing, integrating, and optimizing physical literacy to thereby enhance quality of life. Progression could be made through the disposition of acquiring movements and engaging in physical activity, but data supporting such an argument remains limited. This cross-sectional study attempted to empirically investigate these two variables by assessing the levels of motivation and satisfaction among university students in Taiwan. The hypothesis posited a positive correlation between physical literacy and quality of life, with the mediating effects of motivation and satisfaction taken into consideration.

Methods

By applying the time segregation method, participants were asked to complete a set of questionnaires at the beginning and the end of the first semester during the 2021 – 2022 academic year. The initial phase involved gathering demographic information and assessing the perceived physical literacy score. The scores for motivation, satisfaction, and quality of life were measured in the subsequent phase. SmartPLS version 3.3 was used to conduct data analysis. After ratifying the model's goodness-of-fit, partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses in the research model.

Results

A total of 388 students (male n = 320, female n = 68; mean age: 18.5 years) participated in this study. Moderate explanatory power was found in the relationships of perceived physical literacy to physical education satisfaction (β PPLI → PES = 0.137, t = 6.439, R2 = 0.642) and motivation (β PPLIA → SIMS = 0.511, t = 32.701, R2 = 0.607). Results then indicated that motivation is the mediator of the relationship between physical literacy and physical education satisfaction (β PPLI → SIMS → PES = 0.373, t = 4.015). Furthermore, this satisfaction mediated the relationship between physical literacy and quality of life (β PPLI → PES → QoLS = 0.070, t = 4.47).

Conclusion

This study connected theoretical knowledge regarding physical literacy with practice, suggesting that ongoing physical education may nurture the habit of lifelong participation in physical activity, thus further improving quality of life.

背景/目的文献已经讨论了培养、整合和优化身体素养从而提高生活质量的潜力。可以通过掌握动作和参与体育活动来取得进展,但支持这种观点的数据仍然有限。本横断面研究试图透过评估台湾大学生的学习动机与满意度,对这两个变量进行实证研究。该假设假设了身体素质与生活质量之间的正相关关系,并考虑了动机和满意度的中介作用。方法采用时间隔离法,在2021 - 2022学年的第一学期开始和结束时完成一套调查问卷。最初阶段包括收集人口统计信息和评估感知物理素养得分。在接下来的阶段测量动机、满意度和生活质量的分数。使用SmartPLS 3.3版本进行数据分析。在对模型的拟合优度进行验证后,采用偏最小二乘结构方程模型对研究模型中的假设进行检验。结果共388名学生(男320名,女68名;平均年龄:18.5岁)参加本研究。体育素养感知与体育教学满意度(β PPLI→PES = 0.137, t = 6.439, R2 = 0.642)、体育教学动机(β PPLIA→SIMS = 0.511, t = 32.701, R2 = 0.607)的关系具有中等解释力。结果表明,动机在体育素养与体育教学满意度之间起中介作用(β PPLI→SIMS→PES = 0.373, t = 4.015)。此外,这种满意度介导了身体素养与生活质量之间的关系(β PPLI→PES→QoLS = 0.070, t = 4.47)。结论本研究将体育素养的理论知识与实践联系起来,表明持续的体育教育可以培养终身参与体育活动的习惯,从而进一步提高生活质量。
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引用次数: 0
An acute exercise at low to moderate intensity attenuated postprandial lipemia and insulin responses 低至中等强度的急性运动可减轻餐后血脂和胰岛素反应
IF 2.8 2区 医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.10.006
Lisa L. Ji , Vicki S. Fretwell , Abel Escamilla , Wanxiang Yao , Tianou Zhang , Meizi He , John Q. Zhang

Objective

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different exercise intensities on postprandial lipemia (PHTG) and insulin resistance in healthy individuals.

Methods

Participants were 10 adult males with normal fasting triglyceride (TG) concentrations (age = 34 ± 2.8 y, body mass = 72.9 ± 2.4 kg, fasting plasma TG = 1.36 ± 0.18 mmol/l, VO2max = 43.7 ± 3.0 ml/kg/min, fasting glucose = 5.2 ± 0.2 mmol/l and fasting Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA2-IR) = 1.7 ± 0.3). In this study, each participant performed a control trial (Ctr, no exercise), and 3 exercise trials at 40 % (40%T), 60 % (60%T), and 70 % (70%T) of their VO2max. In the exercise trials, participant jogged on a treadmill for 1 h at a designated intensity. A fat-rich meal was consumed by each participant 12 h after exercise. Blood samples were taken at 0 h (before the meal), and 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, and 24 h after the meal. The plasma TG, area score under TG concentration curve over an 8 h-period (TG tAUC) after the meal, and HOMA2-IR were analyzed.

Results

Our results showed that at 2 h, 4 h, and 6 h after the meal, TG in all exercise trials were lower than Ctr (p < 0.05) but did not differ from each other. All the exercise trials were lower in TG tAUC scores than Ctr (p < 0.02), but differences were not observed among the exercise trials. In comparison to Ctr, a significant difference in HOMA2-IR in both 60 % T and 70 % T (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively) was observed, but not in 40 % T.

Conclusion

The results suggest that exercising at low to moderate exercise intensity for 1 h sufficiently attenuates a fat meal induced PHTG. Moderate exercise intensity also effectively mitigates insulin resistance.

目的探讨不同运动强度对健康人餐后血脂(PHTG)和胰岛素抵抗的影响。方法研究对象为10名空腹甘油三酯(TG)浓度正常的成年男性(年龄34±2.8岁,体重72.9±2.4 kg,空腹血浆TG = 1.36±0.18 mmol/l,最大摄氧量= 43.7±3.0 ml/kg/min,空腹血糖= 5.2±0.2 mmol/l,空腹胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估(HOMA2-IR) = 1.7±0.3)。在这项研究中,每个参与者都进行了对照试验(Ctr,无运动),以及在40% (40%T)、60% (60%T)和70% (70%T)的最大摄氧量下进行了3次运动试验。在运动试验中,参与者在跑步机上以指定的强度慢跑1小时。每个参与者在运动后12小时吃一顿富含脂肪的饭。分别于餐前0小时、餐后2小时、4小时、6小时、8小时和24小时采血。分析血浆TG、餐后8 h TG浓度曲线面积评分(TG - tAUC)和HOMA2-IR。结果在餐后2 h、4 h、6 h,运动组TG均低于Ctr (p <0.05),但无显著差异。所有运动组的TG tAUC评分均低于Ctr (p <0.02),但在运动试验中没有观察到差异。与Ctr相比,60% T和70% T的homa - ir有显著差异(p <0.05和p <结论低至中等强度运动1小时足以减弱脂肪餐诱导的PHTG。适度的运动强度也能有效减轻胰岛素抵抗。
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引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of parent-based electronic health (eHealth) intervention on physical activity, dietary behaviors, and sleep in preschoolers: A systematic review 基于家长的电子健康(eHealth)干预对学龄前儿童身体活动、饮食行为和睡眠的有效性:系统综述
IF 2.8 2区 医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.10.004
Peng Zhou , Yin Li , Patrick WC. Lau , Liang Yan , Huiqi Song , Tony Lei Shi
<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The lifestyles of preschoolers have become physically inactive and sedentary, their eating habits unhealthy, and their sleep routines increasingly disturbed. Parental involvement appears crucial to combat the unhealthy lifestyle of preschoolers. Because of the recognized barriers to traditional face-to-face interventions, easy access and lower costs make electronic health (eHealth) interventions appealing. However, whether parent-based eHealth intervention may be harnessed to improve the aforementioned lifestyle behaviors of preschoolers is currently unclear, a gap that this systematic review intends to address. This study aims to systematically review the current literature concerning the effectiveness of parent-based eHealth intervention on the physical activity, dietary behaviors, and sleep of preschoolers.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>This systematic review conforms to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis statement. Six databases (EMBASE, PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and PsycINFO) were retrieved for the period from January 2000 to December 2022. Studies were eligible if 1 they were quantitative study design; 2 eHealth interventions in which parents were the change agents targeted children aged 3–6 years; 3 interventions examined the effectiveness of eHealth or incorporated eHealth as one of the intervention modalities; 4 at least one variable included in either primary or secondary outcome had to concentrate on the physical activity, diet, and sleep of preschoolers; 5 publication type was limited to the English language and peer-reviewed journal articles; 6 study settings were confined to family- or parent-based ones. The risk of bias was assessed, based upon Version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-tool for randomized trials (RoB2).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Twelve studies were screened. No significant group-by-time improvement in physical activity was found in studies related to physical activity outcomes. Two studies reported a significant difference between groups concerning motor ability, with one study indicating improved object control with the other reporting improvement in both object control and locomotor skills. Of the studies related to dietary behavior outcomes, six studies reported a significant difference at the posttest compared to the control group, in terms of vegetable and fruit intake, sugar-sweetened drinks, reduced candy consumption, and improved non-core food. Three studies reported a significant difference between groups in sleep duration at the end of the posttest, with the result of one study limited to preference-only participants. None of the reviewed studies found a significant difference between groups for sleep problems.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Parent-based eHealth interventions were not significantly effective in improving physical activity and reducing sleep problems in preschoolers, but the majority of studies have fo
学龄前儿童的生活方式已经变得缺乏运动和久坐不动,他们的饮食习惯不健康,他们的睡眠习惯越来越受到干扰。父母的参与似乎对改变学龄前儿童不健康的生活方式至关重要。由于传统面对面干预措施存在公认的障碍,容易获得和较低的成本使电子保健(eHealth)干预措施具有吸引力。然而,基于父母的电子健康干预是否可以用来改善学龄前儿童的上述生活方式行为目前尚不清楚,这是本系统综述旨在解决的一个空白。本研究旨在系统回顾当前关于基于父母的电子健康干预对学龄前儿童身体活动、饮食行为和睡眠的有效性的文献。方法本系统评价符合系统评价首选报告项目和荟萃分析声明。检索了2000年1月至2022年12月期间的六个数据库(EMBASE、PubMed、MEDLINE、Web of Science、SPORTDiscus和PsycINFO)。如果1是定量研究设计,则研究是合格的;2项以父母为变革推动者的电子卫生干预措施针对3-6岁儿童;3项干预检查了电子健康的有效性或将电子健康纳入干预模式之一;在主要或次要结果中,至少有一个变量与学龄前儿童的身体活动、饮食和睡眠有关;5 .发表类型仅限于英文和同行评议的期刊文章;6个研究环境仅限于家庭或以父母为基础的环境。根据Cochrane随机试验风险工具(RoB2)版本2评估偏倚风险。结果共筛选12项研究。在与体力活动结果相关的研究中,没有发现按时间分组的体力活动显著改善。两项研究报告了两组之间在运动能力方面的显著差异,一项研究表明物体控制能力得到改善,另一项研究表明物体控制能力和运动技能都得到改善。在与饮食行为结果相关的研究中,有6项研究报告了与对照组相比,在蔬菜和水果摄入量、含糖饮料、减少糖果摄入量和改善非核心食物方面的后测显著差异。三项研究报告说,在测试结束时,各组之间的睡眠时间有显著差异,其中一项研究的结果仅限于偏好参与者。在回顾的研究中,没有一项发现两组人在睡眠问题上有显著差异。结论基于家长的电子健康干预在改善学龄前儿童身体活动和减少睡眠问题方面没有显著效果,但大多数研究发现,这种类型的干预可以显著改善学龄前儿童的饮食行为和睡眠时间。需要高质量、设计可靠的研究来平衡干预剂量和顺序,以调查基于父母的电子健康干预对学龄前儿童的身体活动、饮食行为和睡眠的有效性,特别是那些在其他文化背景下长大的儿童,这可能会显著影响他们的生活方式。试验注册国际前瞻性系统评价注册(PROSPERO): CRD42023418861。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness
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