Pub Date : 2025-12-16DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2025.200434
John J. Reilly , Kerry Robertson , Farid Bardid
Objective
Physical literacy is treasured because it underpins participation in physical activity and sport in children and adolescents. Physical literacy might have declined following COVID-19 movement restrictions, but whether such a decline took place is uncertain. This study aimed to examine if a post-COVID-19 decline in physical literacy occurred in children and adolescents.
Methods
A systematic review, registered on PROSPERO CRD42025646499 in February 2025, was used to assess changes in physical literacy following the COVID-19 pandemic in healthy, typically developing 3–18 year olds. Searching in June 2025 used 7 databases: Scopus, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, PsychINFO, CINAHL, PubMed, Sports Medicine & Education Index and a grey literature search in Global Think Tanks.Risk of bias assessment used the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) instrument.
Results
Only one eligible study was identified, which reported declining physical literacy in 8–14 year olds in Canada between 2019 and 2020.Evidence quality was moderate as assessed using the EPHPP.
Conclusion
The impact of COVID-19 movement restrictions on physical literacy in children and adolescents could not be assessed due to lack of evidence. The lack of evidence on such an important topic is a valuable finding in itself. Understanding trends in physical literacy will require greater monitoring, and the inclusion of physical literacy measurement in public health surveillance. If physical literacy is really treasured it should be measured.
体育素养受到重视，因为它是儿童和青少年参与体育活动和运动的基础。在COVID-19行动限制之后，身体素养可能有所下降，但这种下降是否发生尚不确定。本研究旨在调查儿童和青少年在2019冠状病毒病后身体素养是否出现下降。方法采用一项于2025年2月在PROSPERO CRD42025646499上注册的系统评价，评估3-18岁健康儿童在2019冠状病毒病大流行后身体读写能力的变化。2025年6月的搜索使用了7个数据库：Scopus， Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, PsychINFO， CINAHL, PubMed， Sports Medicine & Education Index和全球智库的灰色文献搜索。偏倚风险评估采用有效公共卫生实践项目（EPHPP）工具。结果仅确定了一项符合条件的研究，该研究报告称，2019年至2020年期间，加拿大8-14岁儿童的身体素质下降。根据EPHPP评估，证据质量为中等。结论由于缺乏证据，无法评估COVID-19运动限制对儿童和青少年身体素养的影响。在这样一个重要的话题上缺乏证据本身就是一个有价值的发现。了解身体素质的趋势需要加强监测，并将身体素质测量纳入公共卫生监测。如果真的重视身体素质，就应该对其进行测量。
{"title":"Treasured but not measured ?: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical literacy in children and adolescents","authors":"John J. Reilly , Kerry Robertson , Farid Bardid","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.200434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.200434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Physical literacy is treasured because it underpins participation in physical activity and sport in children and adolescents. Physical literacy might have declined following COVID-19 movement restrictions, but whether such a decline took place is uncertain. This study aimed to examine if a post-COVID-19 decline in physical literacy occurred in children and adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic review, registered on PROSPERO CRD42025646499 in February 2025, was used to assess changes in physical literacy following the COVID-19 pandemic in healthy, typically developing 3–18 year olds. Searching in June 2025 used 7 databases: Scopus, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, PsychINFO, CINAHL, PubMed, Sports Medicine & Education Index and a grey literature search in Global Think Tanks.Risk of bias assessment used the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) instrument.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Only one eligible study was identified, which reported declining physical literacy in 8–14 year olds in Canada between 2019 and 2020.Evidence quality was moderate as assessed using the EPHPP.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The impact of COVID-19 movement restrictions on physical literacy in children and adolescents could not be assessed due to lack of evidence. The lack of evidence on such an important topic is a valuable finding in itself. Understanding trends in physical literacy will require greater monitoring, and the inclusion of physical literacy measurement in public health surveillance. If physical literacy is really treasured it should be measured.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"24 1","pages":"Article 200434"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145786454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2025.200435
Kening Xue , Dingsheng Deng , Hongwei Xie , Zhen Bai , Xiaoguang Zhao
Objective
Physical activity (PA) is well-established as a key factor in frailty prevention. However, existing evidence relies predominantly on cross-sectional studies, creating a gap in understanding the long-term impact of PA on frailty progression. This study therefore aimed to investigate the longitudinal associations of multiple PA dimensions with both the incidence and trajectory of frailty in middle-aged and older adults in China.
Methods
This 7-year cohort study included 5916 initially non-frail participants (frailty index, FI < 0.25) from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. PA was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and quantified in terms of frequency, duration, and volume. Frailty was assessed with a validated 40-item FI. The study employed discrete-time survival models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for incident frailty (FI ≥ 0.25) and linear mixed-effects models to evaluate the FI trajectory over time.
Results
During the 7-year follow-up, 22.9 % of participants developed frailty. In fully adjusted models, most dimensions of PA (frequency, duration, and volume) demonstrated inverse associations with frailty risk. A clear dose-response relationship was observed, whereby engaging in vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA) for 1–2 days per week was associated with a 63 % lower risk (Adjusted HR = 0.37). Similarly, even as little as 10–29 min of VPA per day was associated with a 75 % risk reduction (Adjusted HR = 0.25). Higher levels of PA were also significantly associated with a slower annual increase in the FI score (e.g., Adjusted β = −0.0025 for VPA 6–7 days/week). Gender-stratified analyses revealed that the protective association of VPA was more pronounced in men, whereas moderate-intensity physical activity (MPA) was more consistently associated with reduced frailty risk in women.
Conclusion
The findings suggest that regular PA, particularly VPA, is associated with a lower incidence and slower progression of frailty, showing a clear dose-response relationship. Notably, even modest amounts of VPA were associated with substantial protection. The associations appeared to be gender-specific, with the protective association of VPA appearing more pronounced in men and MPA more consistent for women. These findings underscore the critical importance of promoting tailored PA for frailty prevention in aging populations.
{"title":"Relationships between physical activity dimensions and frailty incidence and progression in middle-aged and older adults: A 7-year cohort study","authors":"Kening Xue , Dingsheng Deng , Hongwei Xie , Zhen Bai , Xiaoguang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.200435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.200435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Physical activity (PA) is well-established as a key factor in frailty prevention. However, existing evidence relies predominantly on cross-sectional studies, creating a gap in understanding the long-term impact of PA on frailty progression. This study therefore aimed to investigate the longitudinal associations of multiple PA dimensions with both the incidence and trajectory of frailty in middle-aged and older adults in China.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This 7-year cohort study included 5916 initially non-frail participants (frailty index, FI < 0.25) from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. PA was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and quantified in terms of frequency, duration, and volume. Frailty was assessed with a validated 40-item FI. The study employed discrete-time survival models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for incident frailty (FI ≥ 0.25) and linear mixed-effects models to evaluate the FI trajectory over time.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During the 7-year follow-up, 22.9 % of participants developed frailty. In fully adjusted models, most dimensions of PA (frequency, duration, and volume) demonstrated inverse associations with frailty risk. A clear dose-response relationship was observed, whereby engaging in vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA) for 1–2 days per week was associated with a 63 % lower risk (Adjusted HR = 0.37). Similarly, even as little as 10–29 min of VPA per day was associated with a 75 % risk reduction (Adjusted HR = 0.25). Higher levels of PA were also significantly associated with a slower annual increase in the FI score (e.g., Adjusted β = −0.0025 for VPA 6–7 days/week). Gender-stratified analyses revealed that the protective association of VPA was more pronounced in men, whereas moderate-intensity physical activity (MPA) was more consistently associated with reduced frailty risk in women.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings suggest that regular PA, particularly VPA, is associated with a lower incidence and slower progression of frailty, showing a clear dose-response relationship. Notably, even modest amounts of VPA were associated with substantial protection. The associations appeared to be gender-specific, with the protective association of VPA appearing more pronounced in men and MPA more consistent for women. These findings underscore the critical importance of promoting tailored PA for frailty prevention in aging populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"24 1","pages":"Article 200435"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145786461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examined the effects of microcurrent electrical neuromuscular stimulation (MENS) on recovery of hamstring muscle function after high-intensity sprint and resistance training in male collegiate sprinters.
Design
A double-blinded, randomized, within-subjects crossover trial.
Setting
A university research laboratory.
Participants
Nine athletes underwent a crossover trial, receiving either MENS (for 20 min per day) or placebo treatment for five days during and after three consecutive days of training.
Main outcome measures
Maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) force of hamstring, eccentric force using Nordic hamstring (NH force), jump ability (counter movement jump), muscle soreness using a visual analog scale, muscle flexibility, and muscle contractile properties using tensiomyography, were assessed before training and immediately, 1 day, and 2 days after training.
Results
MENS significantly accelerated recovery of MVC and NH force, muscle contraction velocity, and reduced muscle soreness compared to the placebo (P < 0.05). However, no significant effect was observed on muscle flexibility and jump height recovery.
Conclusions
MENS may be a practical and effective passive recovery strategy to promote performance recovery in sprinters following high-intensity training. The study is the first investigation to evaluate MENS in training context and supports its potential to mitigate overreaching effects and reduce injury risk.
{"title":"Effects of microcurrent electrical neuromuscular stimulation on recovery of muscle performance after high-intensity sprint and resistance combined training sessions","authors":"Yosuke Hiroshige , Ryusei Yamaguchi , Tomoki Ebato , Ryosuke Kunitomo , Ryosuke Kajitani , Naohiro Shinada , Hajime Kato , Masanobu Wada","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.200433","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.200433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study examined the effects of microcurrent electrical neuromuscular stimulation (MENS) on recovery of hamstring muscle function after high-intensity sprint and resistance training in male collegiate sprinters.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>A double-blinded, randomized, within-subjects crossover trial.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>A university research laboratory.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>Nine athletes underwent a crossover trial, receiving either MENS (for 20 min per day) or placebo treatment for five days during and after three consecutive days of training.</div></div><div><h3>Main outcome measures</h3><div>Maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) force of hamstring, eccentric force using Nordic hamstring (NH force), jump ability (counter movement jump), muscle soreness using a visual analog scale, muscle flexibility, and muscle contractile properties using tensiomyography, were assessed before training and immediately, 1 day, and 2 days after training.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>MENS significantly accelerated recovery of MVC and NH force, muscle contraction velocity, and reduced muscle soreness compared to the placebo (<em>P</em> < 0.05). However, no significant effect was observed on muscle flexibility and jump height recovery.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>MENS may be a practical and effective passive recovery strategy to promote performance recovery in sprinters following high-intensity training. The study is the first investigation to evaluate MENS in training context and supports its potential to mitigate overreaching effects and reduce injury risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"24 1","pages":"Article 200433"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145786460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-02DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2025.200430
Zhi Cao , Zheng Zhang , Meng Liu
Objective
This study explored the combined effects of tangeretin and whey protein on serum testosterone and cortisol in competitive athletes.
Methods
In a double-blind,controlled trial, 24 elite sprinters were divided into two groups: an experimental group (EXP, n = 12) taking tangeretin (200 mg) and whey protein (19.8 g) daily, and a control group (CTRL, n = 12) taking only whey protein (19.8 g) over four weeks. Weekly and post-intervention tests measured serum testosterone, cortisol, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels, along with pre- and post-intervention anthropometric assessments.
Results
After intervention, a significant Time × Group interaction was observed for fat-free mass (FFM), which increased significantly in the EXP but not in the CTRL, with a greater percentage increase in EXP (2.3 % vs. 1.1 %, p = 0.018). Similar interactions were found for fat mass and body fat percentage, which decreased significantly in EXP. For biochemical indicators, no significant Group × Time interactions were found. However, a significant main effect of time was identified for serum testosterone and ACTH, indicating comparable temporal changes in both groups. No significant time or interaction effects were observed for cortisol, T/C ratio and SOD.
Conclusion
Four weeks of combined whey protein and tangeretin supplementation significantly improved body composition in elite sprinters, whereas it did not significantly alter systemic hormonal profiles or antioxidant activity compared to whey protein alone.
目的探讨橘皮素和乳清蛋白对竞技运动员血清睾酮和皮质醇的联合影响。方法采用双盲对照试验，将24名优秀短跑运动员分为两组，试验组（EXP, n = 12）每天服用橘子皮素（200 mg）和乳清蛋白（19.8 g），对照组（CTRL, n = 12）连续4周只服用乳清蛋白（19.8 g）。每周和干预后测试测量血清睾酮、皮质醇、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性和促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）水平，以及干预前和干预后的人体测量评估。结果干预后，实验组与对照组的无脂质量（FFM）存在显著的时间×组交互作用，实验组的FFM显著升高，而对照组的FFM无显著升高，其中实验组的FFM升高的百分比更高（2.3% vs. 1.1%, p = 0.018）。脂肪质量和体脂率也存在类似的相互作用，在EXP阶段显著降低。在生化指标方面，未发现显著的组×时间相互作用。然而，时间对血清睾酮和ACTH有显著的主要影响，表明两组的时间变化相似。皮质醇、T/C比值和SOD均无显著的时间效应或交互作用。结论：与单独补充乳清蛋白相比，4周的联合补充乳清蛋白和橘子皮素显著改善了优秀短跑运动员的身体组成，但没有显著改变全身激素水平或抗氧化活性。
{"title":"The impact of tangeretin combined with whey protein supplementation on body composition and hormonal profiles in elite sprinters: A double-blind RCT","authors":"Zhi Cao , Zheng Zhang , Meng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.200430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.200430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study explored the combined effects of tangeretin and whey protein on serum testosterone and cortisol in competitive athletes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a double-blind,controlled trial, 24 elite sprinters were divided into two groups: an experimental group (EXP, n = 12) taking tangeretin (200 mg) and whey protein (19.8 g) daily, and a control group (CTRL, n = 12) taking only whey protein (19.8 g) over four weeks. Weekly and post-intervention tests measured serum testosterone, cortisol, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels, along with pre- and post-intervention anthropometric assessments.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After intervention, a significant Time × Group interaction was observed for fat-free mass (FFM), which increased significantly in the EXP but not in the CTRL, with a greater percentage increase in EXP (2.3 % vs. 1.1 %, p = 0.018). Similar interactions were found for fat mass and body fat percentage, which decreased significantly in EXP. For biochemical indicators, no significant Group × Time interactions were found. However, a significant main effect of time was identified for serum testosterone and ACTH, indicating comparable temporal changes in both groups. No significant time or interaction effects were observed for cortisol, T/C ratio and SOD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Four weeks of combined whey protein and tangeretin supplementation significantly improved body composition in elite sprinters, whereas it did not significantly alter systemic hormonal profiles or antioxidant activity compared to whey protein alone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"24 1","pages":"Article 200430"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145786455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To better understand which aspects of physical behavior are most critical for health, this study investigated prospective associations between various accelerometer-derived physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) metrics with cardiometabolic risk indicators. We analyzed waist-worn accelerometer data from 114 Dutch children (50 girls), age 8.6 ± 0.4 years, in the Amsterdam Born Children and Development (ABCD) cohort. Physical behavior metrics included volume-based metric (counts per minute [CPM]), time-use metrics (e.g., time spent in different physical behaviour intensities), pattern-based metrics (e.g., fragmentation indices), and intensity gradient. Health indicators, assessed at age 11–12 years, included BMI-standard deviation score (SDS) and a cardiometabolic risk score (MetScore) calculated from BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. Regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between physical behaviour metrics and both BMI-SDS and MetScore.
Linear regression analyses, adjusted for gender and wear time, revealed that more time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), a conventional time-use metric, was significantly associated with lower BMI-SDS (β = −0.02; 95 % CI: 0.03, 0), but not with MetScore. Other physical behavior metrics, including volume-based, pattern-based, and intensity gradient measures, did not show significant associations with either BMI-SDS or MetScore in this cohort. These findings indicate that conventional time-use metrics, particularly MVPA, may be more effective in detecting health associations in small homogenous populations. Future research with larger populations is necessary to determine if alternative metrics provide additional insight into the association between physical behavior and cardiometabolic health.
{"title":"Prospective association between descriptive accelerometer-derived physical behaviour metrics and cardiometabolic risk indicators in Dutch children: The ABCD study","authors":"Fawad Taj , J.M.M. Chinapaw , Teatske Altenburg , Tanja Vrijkotte","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.200431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.200431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To better understand which aspects of physical behavior are most critical for health, this study investigated prospective associations between various accelerometer-derived physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) metrics with cardiometabolic risk indicators. We analyzed waist-worn accelerometer data from 114 Dutch children (50 girls), age 8.6 ± 0.4 years, in the Amsterdam Born Children and Development (ABCD) cohort. Physical behavior metrics included volume-based metric (counts per minute [CPM]), time-use metrics (e.g., time spent in different physical behaviour intensities), pattern-based metrics (e.g., fragmentation indices), and intensity gradient. Health indicators, assessed at age 11–12 years, included BMI-standard deviation score (SDS) and a cardiometabolic risk score (MetScore) calculated from BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. Regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between physical behaviour metrics and both BMI-SDS and MetScore.</div><div>Linear regression analyses, adjusted for gender and wear time, revealed that more time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), a conventional time-use metric, was significantly associated with lower BMI-SDS (β = −0.02; 95 % CI: 0.03, 0), but not with MetScore. Other physical behavior metrics, including volume-based, pattern-based, and intensity gradient measures, did not show significant associations with either BMI-SDS or MetScore in this cohort. These findings indicate that conventional time-use metrics, particularly MVPA, may be more effective in detecting health associations in small homogenous populations. Future research with larger populations is necessary to determine if alternative metrics provide additional insight into the association between physical behavior and cardiometabolic health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"24 1","pages":"Article 200431"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-18DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2025.11.006
Li Shu , Ruizhe Jiang , Fang Wang , Yongjin Xu , Ping Wang , Yuanying Ma , Jinxia Pan , Cong Huang
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Effects of exercise on blood glucose levels and pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis and meta-regression” [J Exerc Sci Fitness 23 (4) (2025) 416–425 100412]","authors":"Li Shu , Ruizhe Jiang , Fang Wang , Yongjin Xu , Ping Wang , Yuanying Ma , Jinxia Pan , Cong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"24 1","pages":"Article 100427"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145571127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigated the long-term effects of pre-meal exercise (PRE) versus post-meal exercise (POST) on glucose homeostasis in young adults who are overweight and obese using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM).
Methods
In this randomized controlled trial, 34 adults (18–35 years) completed a 10-week intervention. The PRE group performed ≥30 min of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (65 % HRmax) within 60 min before meals, whereas the POST group exercised within 0–90 min after meals, five times weekly. Participants completed two supervised sessions and three self-directed sessions weekly, monitored via heart rate belts. Habitual diets were maintained throughout the study, and physical activity was monitored using ActiGraph 3X accelerometers. Primary outcomes were 24-h CGM metrics; secondary outcomes included physical activity and metabolic indicators. Two-way ANOVA were used.
Results
There is no group × time interactions reached significance for any glucose variability metric, blood biomarker, or cardiovascular parameter (all p > 0.05), confirming comparable efficacy between regimens. Significant time-effect improvements emerged in continuous glucose monitoring metrics (time in range: F = 4.85, p = 0.035) and cardiometabolic parameters (fasting glucose: F = 4.74, p = 0.038; insulin: F = 5.22, p = 0.030; triglyceride: F = 7.41, p = 0.011, systolic blood pressure: F = 4.45, p = 0.043; diastolic blood pressure: F = 15.04, p = 0.001) following the 10-week intervention. There is lower hypoglycemic exposure in the pre-meal group than the post-meal group (time below range, group effect: F = 4.54, p = 0.041), with triglycerides decreasing exclusively in pre-meal group (Δ = −.22 ± .37 mmol/L, p = 0.005). Post-meal exercise showed marginal insulin reduction (Δ = −1.92 μU/mL, p = 0.069).
Conclusions
The 10-week exercise intervention significantly improved continuous glucose monitoring metrics (notably increased time in range) and cardiometabolic parameters (fasting glucose, insulin, blood pressure, triglycerides) without significant group × time interactions. The pre-meal group maintained consistently lower hypoglycemic exposure than the post-meal group. Triglyceride reduction occurred exclusively with pre-meal exercise, while insulin showed a marginal decrease only with post-meal exercise. These findings demonstrate comparable overall efficacy between timing protocols despite selective benefits for specific parameters.
目的研究餐前运动（PRE）和餐后运动（POST）对超重和肥胖年轻人葡萄糖稳态的长期影响。方法在这项随机对照试验中，34名成年人（18-35岁）完成了为期10周的干预。PRE组在餐前60分钟内进行≥30分钟的中等强度有氧运动（65% HRmax），而POST组在餐后0-90分钟内进行运动，每周5次。参与者每周完成两次有监督的训练和三次自我指导的训练，通过心率带进行监测。在整个研究过程中保持习惯性饮食，并使用ActiGraph 3X加速度计监测身体活动。主要结局为24小时CGM指标；次要结局包括身体活动和代谢指标。采用双因素方差分析。结果在任何葡萄糖变异性指标、血液生物标志物或心血管参数方面，没有组×时间相互作用达到显著性（均p >； 0.05），证实了方案之间的可比性疗效。在10周的干预后，连续血糖监测指标（时间范围：F = 4.85, p = 0.035）和心脏代谢参数（空腹血糖：F = 4.74, p = 0.038；胰岛素：F = 5.22, p = 0.030；甘油三酯：F = 7.41, p = 0.011；收缩压：F = 4.45, p = 0.043；舒张压：F = 15.04, p = 0.001）出现了显著的时效改善。餐前组的低血糖暴露低于餐后组（时间低于范围，组效应：F = 4.54, p = 0.041），甘油三酯仅在餐前组下降（Δ =−）。22±。37 mmol/L, p = 0.005)。餐后运动可显著降低胰岛素水平（Δ =−1.92 μU/mL, p = 0.069）。结论10周的运动干预显著改善了连续血糖监测指标（显著增加了监测时间范围）和心脏代谢参数（空腹血糖、胰岛素、血压、甘油三酯），无明显的组间相互作用。餐前组的低血糖暴露始终低于餐后组。甘油三酯的降低只发生在餐前运动中，而胰岛素仅在餐后运动中略有下降。这些发现表明，尽管对特定参数有选择性的益处，但两种定时方案的总体疗效相当。
{"title":"Impact of pre- and post-meal exercise on 24-H glucose profiles in young adults who are overweight and obese","authors":"Xiaoyuan Zhang, Bingqing Yang, Yilin Ho, Zhanjia Zhang, Dingfeng Wu, Junwei Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.200428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.200428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study investigated the long-term effects of pre-meal exercise (PRE) versus post-meal exercise (POST) on glucose homeostasis in young adults who are overweight and obese using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this randomized controlled trial, 34 adults (18–35 years) completed a 10-week intervention. The PRE group performed ≥30 min of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (65 % HRmax) within 60 min before meals, whereas the POST group exercised within 0–90 min after meals, five times weekly. Participants completed two supervised sessions and three self-directed sessions weekly, monitored via heart rate belts. Habitual diets were maintained throughout the study, and physical activity was monitored using ActiGraph 3X accelerometers. Primary outcomes were 24-h CGM metrics; secondary outcomes included physical activity and metabolic indicators. Two-way ANOVA were used.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There is no group × time interactions reached significance for any glucose variability metric, blood biomarker, or cardiovascular parameter (all p > 0.05), confirming comparable efficacy between regimens. Significant time-effect improvements emerged in continuous glucose monitoring metrics (time in range: F = 4.85, p = 0.035) and cardiometabolic parameters (fasting glucose: F = 4.74, p = 0.038; insulin: F = 5.22, p = 0.030; triglyceride: F = 7.41, p = 0.011, systolic blood pressure: F = 4.45, p = 0.043; diastolic blood pressure: F = 15.04, p = 0.001) following the 10-week intervention. There is lower hypoglycemic exposure in the pre-meal group than the post-meal group (time below range, group effect: F = 4.54, p = 0.041), with triglycerides decreasing exclusively in pre-meal group (Δ = −.22 ± .37 mmol/L, p = 0.005). Post-meal exercise showed marginal insulin reduction (Δ = −1.92 μU/mL, p = 0.069).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The 10-week exercise intervention significantly improved continuous glucose monitoring metrics (notably increased time in range) and cardiometabolic parameters (fasting glucose, insulin, blood pressure, triglycerides) without significant group × time interactions. The pre-meal group maintained consistently lower hypoglycemic exposure than the post-meal group. Triglyceride reduction occurred exclusively with pre-meal exercise, while insulin showed a marginal decrease only with post-meal exercise. These findings demonstrate comparable overall efficacy between timing protocols despite selective benefits for specific parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"24 1","pages":"Article 200428"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145571126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2025.11.004
Xinyu Wang, Xu Zhang, Jane Jie Yu, Weizhen Gao, Miaomiao Wan, Xu Wen
Objective
Preschool children's activity patterns differ between weekdays and weekends. Weekdays are constrained by structured educational activities and parental commitments, which limit flexibility, while weekends provide opportunities for extra sleep (SLP), physical activity (PA), and reduced sedentary behavior (SB). This study aims to estimate optimal activity durations for both weekdays and weekends, based on the development of executive function (EF), fundamental movement skills (FMS), and physical fitness (PF) in preschool children.
Methods
A total of 289 preschool children aged 3–6 years from four kindergartens in Zhejiang Province participated. PA and SLP were objectively measured using accelerometers and the Children's Sleep Quality Questionnaire. EF, which includes working memory, inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility, was measured using the Early Years Toolbox (EYT). FMS were assessed using the test of gross motor development-3rd edition (TGMD-3), and PF was evaluated according to the National Physical Fitness Measurement Manual (Preschool Children Section). Compositional data regression models were applied to examine the relationship between 24-h movement behaviors and health outcomes on weekdays and weekends. Optimal time-use compositions for each outcome were estimated, and 3D quaternary plots were generated to define the Goldilocks Day at the center of the overlapping regions.
Results
24-h movement behaviors were significantly correlated with EF (weekdays: F = 5.4, p < 0.01; weekends: F = 5.7, p < 0.001), FMS (weekdays: F = 2.3, p < 0.05; weekends: F = 2.5, p < 0.05), and PF (weekdays: F = 4.6, p < 0.01; weekends: F = 5.3, p < 0.01). Differences in optimal time-use between weekdays and weekends were observed. For weekdays, the optimal daily durations were: moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) 106 (70–140) min, light physical activity (LPA) 40 (30–50) min, SB 703 (600–800) min, and SLP 591 (470–700) min. For weekends, the optimal daily durations were: MVPA 115 (80–150) min, LPA 45 (40–50) min, SB 668 (570–760) min, and SLP 611 (530–690) min.
Conclusion
This study provides recommendations for time allocation on weekdays and weekends to support the healthy development of preschool children.
{"title":"The Goldilocks day for preschoolers' health outcomes: A compositional data analysis of 24-H movement behaviors on weekdays and weekends","authors":"Xinyu Wang, Xu Zhang, Jane Jie Yu, Weizhen Gao, Miaomiao Wan, Xu Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Preschool children's activity patterns differ between weekdays and weekends. Weekdays are constrained by structured educational activities and parental commitments, which limit flexibility, while weekends provide opportunities for extra sleep (SLP), physical activity (PA), and reduced sedentary behavior (SB). This study aims to estimate optimal activity durations for both weekdays and weekends, based on the development of executive function (EF), fundamental movement skills (FMS), and physical fitness (PF) in preschool children.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 289 preschool children aged 3–6 years from four kindergartens in Zhejiang Province participated. PA and SLP were objectively measured using accelerometers and the Children's Sleep Quality Questionnaire. EF, which includes working memory, inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility, was measured using the Early Years Toolbox (EYT). FMS were assessed using the test of gross motor development-3rd edition (TGMD-3), and PF was evaluated according to the National Physical Fitness Measurement Manual (Preschool Children Section). Compositional data regression models were applied to examine the relationship between 24-h movement behaviors and health outcomes on weekdays and weekends. Optimal time-use compositions for each outcome were estimated, and 3D quaternary plots were generated to define the Goldilocks Day at the center of the overlapping regions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>24-h movement behaviors were significantly correlated with EF (weekdays: F = 5.4, <em>p < 0.01</em>; weekends: F = 5.7, <em>p < 0.001</em>), FMS (weekdays: F = 2.3, <em>p < 0.05</em>; weekends: F = 2.5, <em>p < 0.05</em>), and PF (weekdays: F = 4.6, <em>p < 0.01</em>; weekends: F = 5.3, <em>p < 0.01</em>). Differences in optimal time-use between weekdays and weekends were observed. For weekdays, the optimal daily durations were: moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) 106 (70–140) min, light physical activity (LPA) 40 (30–50) min, SB 703 (600–800) min, and SLP 591 (470–700) min. For weekends, the optimal daily durations were: MVPA 115 (80–150) min, LPA 45 (40–50) min, SB 668 (570–760) min, and SLP 611 (530–690) min.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study provides recommendations for time allocation on weekdays and weekends to support the healthy development of preschool children.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"24 1","pages":"Article 100425"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2025.200429
Xiao Liang , Hui Qiu , Justin A. Haegele , Xiao Li , Minghui Li , Jiayue Li , Shirley Xin Li
Objective
This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized available studies to explore relationships between accelerometer-measured physical activity (PA) levels or sleep duration and health-related outcomes in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Methods
Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses guidelines, the six databases APA PsychInfo, CINAHL Ultimate, Embase, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus with Full Text and Web of Science were searched from inception through July 2024. The correlation coefficient (r) was employed to determine the effect size in the meta-analysis. A random-effects model was utilised to estimate the potentially heterogeneously distributed effect sizes with a 95 % confidence interval (CI) between groups. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using I2, with a p-value derived from Q statistics.
Results
Thirteen eligible studies were included, involving 738 children and adolescents with ADHD (71.1 % boys). The health indicators assessed were executive functions (EFs), motor development, psychological health, and core ADHD symptoms. We found that higher PA levels (i.e., moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA]) (k = 9, r = 0.36, 95 %CI 0.22 to 0.49) with medium heterogeneity (Q = 13.006, I2 = 38 %, p = 0.112), and longer sleep duration (k = 6, r = 0.20, 95 %CI 0.06 to 0.35) with medium heterogeneity (Q = 7.495, I2 = 33 %, p = 0.186), were significantly correlated with better overall EFs. Additionally, MVPA was negatively associated with psychopathology (k = 5, r = −0.19, 95 %CI -0.35 to −0.03) with medium heterogeneity (Q = 8.058, I2 = 50 %, p = 0.089) in children and adolescents with ADHD.
Conclusion
The findings provide support for significant relationships between PA levels (i.e., MVPA) and sleep duration with overall EFs and MVPA with psychopathology in children and adolescents with ADHD. It is recommended that future studies conduct moderation analyses to examine factors that affect the generalisability of the findings, such as age, sex, and ADHD subtypes. However, these analyses could not be conducted in the current meta-analysis due to the limited number of included studies.
目的：本系统综述和荟萃分析综合了现有研究，探讨加速度计测量的身体活动（PA）水平或睡眠时间与儿童和青少年注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）健康相关结局之间的关系。方法根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目指南，检索APA PsychInfo， CINAHL Ultimate, Embase， MEDLINE， SPORTDiscus with Full Text和Web of Science从成立到2024年7月的6个数据库。meta分析采用相关系数(r)确定效应大小。随机效应模型用于估计组间潜在异质性分布的效应量，置信区间为95%。使用I2评估统计异质性，p值来自Q统计量。结果纳入13项符合条件的研究，涉及738名ADHD儿童和青少年（71.1%为男孩）。评估的健康指标包括执行功能（EFs）、运动发育、心理健康和核心ADHD症状。我们发现，具有中等异质性（Q = 13.006, I2 = 38%, p = 0.112）的较高PA水平（即中至高强度体力活动[MVPA]） （k = 9, r = 0.36, 95% CI 0.22至0.49）和具有中等异质性（Q = 7.495, I2 = 33%, p = 0.186）的较长睡眠时间（k = 6, r = 0.20, 95% CI 0.06至0.35）与较好的总体EFs显著相关。此外，MVPA与ADHD儿童和青少年的精神病理呈负相关（k = 5, r = - 0.19, 95% CI -0.35至- 0.03），异质性中等（Q = 8.058, I2 = 50%, p = 0.089）。结论儿童和青少年ADHD患者PA水平（即MVPA）、睡眠时间、总EFs和MVPA与精神病理之间存在显著关系。建议未来的研究进行适度分析，以检查影响研究结果普遍性的因素，如年龄、性别和ADHD亚型。然而，由于纳入的研究数量有限，这些分析无法在当前的荟萃分析中进行。
{"title":"Associations between accelerometer-measured physical activity and sleep duration and health indicators in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Xiao Liang , Hui Qiu , Justin A. Haegele , Xiao Li , Minghui Li , Jiayue Li , Shirley Xin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.200429","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.200429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized available studies to explore relationships between accelerometer-measured physical activity (PA) levels or sleep duration and health-related outcomes in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses guidelines, the six databases APA PsychInfo, CINAHL Ultimate, Embase, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus with Full Text and Web of Science were searched from inception through July 2024. The correlation coefficient (<em>r</em>) was employed to determine the effect size in the meta-analysis. A random-effects model was utilised to estimate the potentially heterogeneously distributed effect sizes with a 95 % confidence interval (CI) between groups. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using <em>I</em><sup><em>2</em></sup>, with a p-value derived from Q statistics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Thirteen eligible studies were included, involving 738 children and adolescents with ADHD (71.1 % boys). The health indicators assessed were executive functions (EFs), motor development, psychological health, and core ADHD symptoms. We found that higher PA levels (i.e., moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA]) (k = 9, <em>r</em> = 0.36, 95 %CI 0.22 to 0.49) with medium heterogeneity (Q = 13.006, <em>I</em><sup><em>2</em></sup> = 38 %, p = 0.112), and longer sleep duration (k = 6, <em>r</em> = 0.20, 95 %CI 0.06 to 0.35) with medium heterogeneity (Q = 7.495, <em>I</em><sup><em>2</em></sup> = 33 %, p = 0.186), were significantly correlated with better overall EFs. Additionally, MVPA was negatively associated with psychopathology (k = 5, <em>r</em> = −0.19, 95 %CI -0.35 to −0.03) with medium heterogeneity (Q = 8.058, <em>I</em><sup><em>2</em></sup> = 50 %, p = 0.089) in children and adolescents with ADHD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings provide support for significant relationships between PA levels (i.e., MVPA) and sleep duration with overall EFs and MVPA with psychopathology in children and adolescents with ADHD. It is recommended that future studies conduct moderation analyses to examine factors that affect the generalisability of the findings, such as age, sex, and ADHD subtypes. However, these analyses could not be conducted in the current meta-analysis due to the limited number of included studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"24 1","pages":"Article 200429"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145571141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2025.11.005
Xinming Lai , Nuttaset Manimmanakorn , Apiwan Manimmanakorn , Michael J. Hamlin
Background/Objectives
Retrograde run training increases forward run speed and muscle power. However, the effect of retrograde run training on long jump performance is not known. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of retrograde run training on the long jump performance of physical education (PE) students compared to conventional training.
Methods
A randomized clinical trial was conducted including 120 PE students from Huzhou University Physical Education Faculty. The participants were randomly allocated into an experimental group or control group. Both groups received a conventional long jump training program, however the experimental group received additional retrograde run training (10 min 3 times per week for 12 weeks), while the control group received a similar level of forward run training. Changes in long jump and other performances were measured at 4, 8 and 12 weeks of the training program.
Results
Over the 12-week intervention, the experimental group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in long jump, take off angle, take off accuracy, standing long jump, single leg stance, 30-m forward sprint and 40-m retrograde shuttle run compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Within-group analysis confirmed the experimental group improved significantly from baseline in all outcomes (p < 0.05). In contrast, the control group showed significant improvement only in long jump performance, take-off angle, and single leg stance.
Conclusion
The addition of retrograde run training to traditional long jump training significantly improved long jump performance in PE students and may be used as an alternative method to enhance long jump performance.
{"title":"Effects of retrograde run training on long jump performances of student athletes: A randomized controlled study","authors":"Xinming Lai , Nuttaset Manimmanakorn , Apiwan Manimmanakorn , Michael J. Hamlin","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/Objectives</h3><div>Retrograde run training increases forward run speed and muscle power. However, the effect of retrograde run training on long jump performance is not known. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of retrograde run training on the long jump performance of physical education (PE) students compared to conventional training.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A randomized clinical trial was conducted including 120 PE students from Huzhou University Physical Education Faculty. The participants were randomly allocated into an experimental group or control group. Both groups received a conventional long jump training program, however the experimental group received additional retrograde run training (10 min 3 times per week for 12 weeks), while the control group received a similar level of forward run training. Changes in long jump and other performances were measured at 4, 8 and 12 weeks of the training program.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Over the 12-week intervention, the experimental group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in long jump, take off angle, take off accuracy, standing long jump, single leg stance, 30-m forward sprint and 40-m retrograde shuttle run compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Within-group analysis confirmed the experimental group improved significantly from baseline in all outcomes (p < 0.05). In contrast, the control group showed significant improvement only in long jump performance, take-off angle, and single leg stance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The addition of retrograde run training to traditional long jump training significantly improved long jump performance in PE students and may be used as an alternative method to enhance long jump performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"24 1","pages":"Article 100426"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145532675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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