Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness最新文献_第7页

Effects of a physical activity-enhanced curriculum on increasing physical activity and improving physical fitness in preschoolers: Study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial (KID-FIT study) 体育活动强化课程对学龄前儿童增加体育活动和改善身体健康的影响：一项聚类随机对照试验的研究方案（KID-FIT研究）

IF 2.4 2区医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness

Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2025.03.001

Whitney W. Au , Chit K. Leung , Shine H. Lin , Angus P. Yu , Daniel Y. Fong , Stephen H.S. Wong , Derwin K.C. Chan , Catherine M. Capio , Clare C.W. Yu , Sam W.S. Wong , Ya-Jun Chen , Walter R. Thompson , Parco M. Siu

Objective

Physical activity (PA) is critical for healthy development in preschoolers, with long-lasting benefits that can affect later life. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that children aged 5–17 years should engage in 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous PA per day. However, physical inactivity in children is on the rise globally, with declines in PA starting at the age of 4 years. Increasing PA during early childhood is important to delay adiposity rebound, promote behavioral changes, improve physical fitness, and facilitate future PA engagement. However, limited evidence has been established on the effects of school-based PA interventions on preschoolers. This study examines the effects and sustainability of a preschool-based PA intervention on increasing PA, improving physical fitness and health in preschoolers, with the exercise dose benchmarked to the WHO PA guidelines.

Methods

This assessor-blinded, two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial will include 3300 preschoolers (aged 5–6 years) from 110 kindergartens in Hong Kong, China. Kindergartens will be randomized into intervention and control groups in a 1:1 ratio. The control kindergartens will continue their usual curriculum of ∼2.5 h PA/week, whereas preschoolers in the intervention kindergartens will engage in an additional 75-min game-based PA class twice per week (extra 2.5 h PA/week) over the preschool year. This multi-component intervention will also target parents, teachers, and the kindergarten environment to further encourage PA in preschoolers and their families. Objectively measured PA, cardiorespiratory fitness and other physical fitness components (muscle strength and power, agility, balance, flexibility, body composition), and psychological health will be examined at the start (0 month) and end (10 months) of the preschool year. Maintenance effects will be assessed after preschoolers’ transition into primary school (16 months). Generalized estimating equations or other appropriate statistical models will be used to examine the treatment effects with adjustment for baseline values.

Study impact

This study will investigate the effects of a preschool-based PA intervention with PA dose benchmarked to the WHO recommendations on promoting PA, physical fitness, and health in preschoolers, and its sustainability after preschoolers' transition into primary education. The findings will raise public awareness on the importance of PA in young children, and will inform policy making to facilitate early childhood educational reforms to incorporate adequate PA into preschool curriculums to improve children's health in the long run.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05521490)

体育活动（PA）对学龄前儿童的健康发展至关重要，具有长期的益处，可以影响以后的生活。世界卫生组织（WHO）建议5-17岁的儿童每天应进行60分钟的中等至高强度的体育锻炼。然而，在全球范围内，儿童缺乏身体活动的情况呈上升趋势，从4岁开始，PA就开始下降。在儿童早期增加PA对于延迟肥胖反弹、促进行为改变、改善身体健康和促进未来的PA参与是重要的。然而，关于以学校为基础的PA干预对学龄前儿童的影响的证据有限。本研究考察了以学龄前儿童为基础的体育锻炼干预在增加体育锻炼、改善学龄前儿童身体健康和健康方面的效果和可持续性，其运动剂量以世卫组织体育锻炼指南为基准。方法本研究采用评估盲法、双组随机对照试验，纳入中国香港110所幼儿园的3300名学龄前儿童（5-6岁）。幼儿园按1:1的比例随机分为干预组和对照组。对照幼儿园将继续他们的常规课程，每周约2.5小时的PA，而干预幼儿园的学龄前儿童将在学前班期间每周额外参加两次75分钟的基于游戏的PA课程（每周额外2.5小时的PA）。这种多成分的干预也将针对家长、教师和幼儿园环境，以进一步鼓励学龄前儿童及其家庭的PA。在学前班开始（0个月）和结束（10个月）时，客观测量PA、心肺健康和其他身体健康成分（肌肉力量和力量、敏捷性、平衡、柔韧性、身体成分）以及心理健康。维持效果将在学龄前儿童过渡到小学（16个月）后评估。将使用广义估计方程或其他适当的统计模型来检查基线值调整后的治疗效果。研究影响本研究将调查以学龄前儿童为基础的PA干预的效果，其PA剂量基准为世卫组织关于促进学龄前儿童PA、身体健康和健康的建议，以及在学龄前儿童过渡到小学教育后的可持续性。研究结果将提高公众对幼儿健康教育重要性的认识，并将为政策制定提供信息，以促进幼儿教育改革，将充分的健康教育纳入学前课程，从长远来看，可以改善儿童的健康。临床试验注册（NCT05521490）

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引用次数: 0

Impact of sequence in concurrent training on physical activity, body composition, and fitness in obese young males: A 12-week randomized controlled trial 同时训练顺序对肥胖年轻男性身体活动、身体组成和健康的影响：一项为期12周的随机对照试验

IF 2.4 2区医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness

Pub Date : 2025-02-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2025.02.001

Zhen Li , Tingjun Gong , Ziyi Ren , Jian Li , Qinlong Zhang , Jinxi Zhang , Xiaohong Chen , Zhixiong Zhou

Objectives

This study examined how different sequences of concurrent training impacted physical activity (PA), body composition, and physical fitness in young obese males. We also investigated whether the effectiveness of these interventions in reducing body fat percentage (BF%) was influenced by PA levels.

Methods

A 12-week randomized controlled trial involving a cohort of 45 obese young males (mean age: 22.42 ± 1.96 years, mean BMI: 29.78 ± 3.37) was conducted. Participants were randomly assigned to three groups: the CRE group (Resistance Training (RT) followed by Endurance Training (ET)), the CER group (ET followed by RT), and the control group (Con). The training sessions were held three times a week. Measurements, including PA level, body composition, bone density, VO2max, and muscle strength, were assessed before and after the intervention.

Results

Compared to those at baseline, following the intervention, both the CRE and CER groups showed significant improvements in various parameters, including PA level, body composition, bone density, VO_2max, and muscle strength (p < 0.05), whereas no significant changes were observed in the Con group (p > 0.05). Specifically, the CRE group demonstrated remarkable progress, as evidenced by an increase in MVPA level (η²_p = 0.37, p < 0.001), a reduction in fat mass (η²_p = 0.28, p < 0.001), BF% (η²_p = 0.28, p < 0.001), android fat (%) (η²_p = 0.21, p < 0.001), gynoid fat (%) (η²_p = 0.30, p < 0.001), and various physical fitness indices, such as maximum strength (η²_p = 0.20, p = 0.008), explosive strength (η²_p = 0.38, p < 0.001), and muscular endurance (η²_p = 0.55, p < 0.001), surpassing the improvements observed in the CER and Con groups. Changes in PA levels during the intervention influence the efficacy of CT in reducing BF%.

Conclusion

CT, particularly when RT precedes ET, had the potential to improve PA levels, overall physical fitness, body composition, and bone health in obese young males. Moreover, changes in PA levels during the intervention impacted the effectiveness of CT in reducing BF%.

Trial registration

ChiCTR, ChiCTR2200063892.

目的本研究探讨了不同的同步训练序列对年轻肥胖男性身体活动（PA）、身体成分和身体健康的影响。我们还调查了这些干预措施在降低体脂率（BF%）方面的有效性是否受到PA水平的影响。方法对45例肥胖青年男性（平均年龄：22.42±1.96岁，平均BMI: 29.78±3.37）进行为期12周的随机对照试验。参与者被随机分为三组：CRE组(阻力训练（RT) +耐力训练（ET））， CER组（ET + RT）和对照组（Con）。培训课程每周举行三次。测量，包括PA水平，体成分，骨密度，最大摄氧量和肌肉力量，在干预前后进行评估。结果与基线时相比，干预后，CRE组和CER组在PA水平、体成分、骨密度、最大摄氧量和肌肉力量等各项参数均有显著改善(p <；0.05)， Con组无显著变化(p >；0.05)。具体而言，CRE组表现出显著的进展，MVPA水平升高(η2p = 0.37, p <；0.001)，脂肪量减少(η2p = 0.28, p <；0.001), BF% (η2p = 0.28, p <；0.001), android fat (%) (η2p = 0.21, p <；0.001)，雌蕊脂肪（%）(η2p = 0.30, p <；0.001)，最大强度（η2p = 0.20, p = 0.008）、爆炸强度(η2p = 0.38, p <；0.001)，肌肉耐力(η2p = 0.55, p <；0.001)，超过了在CER组和Con组观察到的改善。干预期间PA水平的变化影响CT降低BF%的效果。结论：ct，特别是当RT在ET之前，有可能改善肥胖年轻男性的PA水平、整体身体健康、身体成分和骨骼健康。此外，干预期间PA水平的变化影响了CT降低BF%的有效性。试验注册chictr， ChiCTR2200063892。

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引用次数: 0

Use of multicomponent structured exercise to improve depression in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis 使用多成分结构化运动改善老年人抑郁症：系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 2.4 2区医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness

Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2025.01.006

Shishi Cheng , Yanping Duan , Min Yang , Xiang Wang

Objective

To summarize the characteristics, estimate the efficacy of multicomponent structured exercise (MSE) intervention on older adults’ depression, and investigate its potential moderators.

Methods

MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science and Embase databases were searched from January 1, 2000 to June 1, 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included MSE intervention with aerobic, resistance and balance components targeting older adults, and reported depression as an outcome were selected. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to calculate effect sizes from the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). Meta-regression was conducted to identify the potential moderators.

Results

Data were extracted from 19 studies (22 comparisons) with 1763 older adults. MSE showed a significant intervention effect on buffering older adults' depression (SMD, −0.49; 95 % CI, −0.84 to −0.14) but with considerable heterogeneity (I² = 92 %) and low certainty of evidence. In subgroup analyses, MSE with unhealthy status participants, intervention duration of 12–24 weeks, over 2 times/week intervention frequency, equipment used and

\geq

80 % retention rate showed significant effects on improvement of older adults’ depression. Intervention frequency (β, −0.83; 95 % CI, −1.50 to −0.16) and retention rate (β, 0.80; 95 % CI, 0.05 to 1.56) were identified as moderators.

Conclusion

MSE significantly improved older adults’ depression. The findings highlighted the importance of intervention frequency and retention rate in enhancing MSE effectiveness. More high quality RCTs are required to explore and optimize the intervention strategies and dosages of MSE to extend the application in the prevention and treatment of geriatric depression.

目的总结多成分结构化运动（MSE）干预老年人抑郁症的特点，评估MSE干预对老年人抑郁症的疗效，并探讨其潜在的调节因子。方法检索2000年1月1日至2024年6月1日的数据库：medline、PubMed、PsycINFO、SPORTDiscus、Web of Science和Embase。随机对照试验（RCTs）包括针对老年人的有氧、抵抗和平衡成分的MSE干预，并报告了抑郁症作为结果。随机效应荟萃分析采用标准化平均差（SMD）和95%置信区间（ci）计算效应大小。采用元回归来确定潜在的调节因素。结果数据来自19项研究（22项比较），涉及1763名老年人。MSE对缓解老年人抑郁有显著的干预作用(SMD, - 0.49；95% CI, - 0.84至- 0.14)，但具有相当大的异质性（I2 = 92%）和低确定性的证据。在亚组分析中，不健康状态的MSE参与者、干预时间为12-24周、干预次数超过2次/周、使用的设备和保留率≥80%对老年人抑郁的改善有显著影响。干预频率(β,−0.83；95% CI,−1.50 ~−0.16)和保留率(β, 0.80；95% CI（0.05 ~ 1.56）被确定为调节因子。结论mse对老年人抑郁有显著改善作用。研究结果强调了干预频率和保留率对提高MSE有效性的重要性。需要更多高质量的随机对照试验来探索和优化MSE的干预策略和剂量，以扩大其在预防和治疗老年抑郁症中的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Neural correlates of basketball proficiency: An MRI study across skill levels” [J Exerc Sci Fit 23 (1), (2025), 14-20] “篮球熟练程度的神经相关性：跨技术水平的MRI研究”[J].运动科学与健身23(1),(2025),14-20。

IF 2.4 2区医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness

Pub Date : 2025-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2025.01.004

Manqi Zhang , Wenbiao Zhang , Yujie Yao , Jiabao Lin , Feng Du , Lei Mo

引用次数: 0

Impact of the ParticipACTION Report Card on physical activity for children and youth in Canada: 2015–2024 参与行动报告卡对加拿大儿童和青少年身体活动的影响：2015-2024

IF 2.4 2区医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness

Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2025.01.005

Leigh M. Vanderloo , Brianne A. Bruijns , Nicholas Kuzik , Emily Stone , Mark S. Tremblay

Background

Canada has produced 16 national Report Cards on the Physical Activity of Children and Youth over the past 20 years. This manuscript details the impact of the most recent Report Cards released between 2015 and 2024, updating evidence since the publication of the impact paper focused on the first 10 years (2005–2014).

Methods

Various quantitative and qualitative approaches were employed to catalogue the developmental history and background of the Report Card, its leadership and sources of funding; consolidate and discuss the various evaluations and assessments that have been performed on the Report Card from 2015 to 2024; describe the distribution and reach of the Report Card from 2015 to 2024; and, examine the multi-dimensional impact of the Report Card on propelling the movement to get children and youth moving over the past 10 years in Canada and internationally.

Results

Leadership by ParticipACTION has led to replicating the Children and Youth Report Card in over 70 jurisdictions, with many examples of beneficial cross-fertilization of ideas across jurisdictions and sectors. The multisectoral impact of the Report Card in Canada continues to be substantial, though sustained funding remains a challenge. There is modest evidence that grades for some indicators are drifting upwards. Deliberate efforts have been made to better integrate evidence and gaps related to the physical activity of equity-denied groups.

Conclusions

Over the past 10 years, the ParticipACTION Children and Youth Report Card has continued to have a measurable, positive impact on the pediatric physical activity field in Canada (and beyond).

在过去的20年里，加拿大制作了16份关于儿童和青少年身体活动的国家报告卡。本文详细介绍了2015年至2024年间发布的最新报告卡的影响，更新了自前10年（2005-2014）影响论文发表以来的证据。方法采用多种定量和定性方法，对报告卡的发展历史、背景、领导和资金来源进行分类；整合和讨论2015年至2024年在成绩单上进行的各种评估和评估；描述2015年至2024年报告卡的分布和覆盖范围；并研究报告卡在过去10年中在推动加拿大和国际儿童和青少年运动方面的多方面影响。“参与行动”的领导作用已使《儿童及青少年报告卡》在70多个司法管辖区得到复制，其中有许多跨司法管辖区和部门的有益思想交流的例子。报告卡在加拿大的多部门影响仍然很大，尽管持续的筹资仍然是一个挑战。有少量证据表明，一些指标的评分正在上升。为更好地整合与被剥夺平等权利群体的体育活动有关的证据和差距，已经作出了深思熟虑的努力。结论：在过去的10年里，参与儿童和青少年报告卡在加拿大（及其他地区）的儿科体育活动领域持续产生可衡量的积极影响。

{"title":"Impact of the ParticipACTION Report Card on physical activity for children and youth in Canada: 2015–2024","authors":"Leigh M. Vanderloo , Brianne A. Bruijns , Nicholas Kuzik , Emily Stone , Mark S. Tremblay","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Canada has produced 16 national Report Cards on the Physical Activity of Children and Youth over the past 20 years. This manuscript details the impact of the most recent Report Cards released between 2015 and 2024, updating evidence since the publication of the impact paper focused on the first 10 years (2005–2014).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Various quantitative and qualitative approaches were employed to catalogue the developmental history and background of the Report Card, its leadership and sources of funding; consolidate and discuss the various evaluations and assessments that have been performed on the Report Card from 2015 to 2024; describe the distribution and reach of the Report Card from 2015 to 2024; and, examine the multi-dimensional impact of the Report Card on propelling the movement to get children and youth moving over the past 10 years in Canada and internationally.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Leadership by ParticipACTION has led to replicating the Children and Youth Report Card in over 70 jurisdictions, with many examples of beneficial cross-fertilization of ideas across jurisdictions and sectors. The multisectoral impact of the Report Card in Canada continues to be substantial, though sustained funding remains a challenge. There is modest evidence that grades for some indicators are drifting upwards. Deliberate efforts have been made to better integrate evidence and gaps related to the physical activity of equity-denied groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Over the past 10 years, the ParticipACTION Children and Youth Report Card has continued to have a measurable, positive impact on the pediatric physical activity field in Canada (and beyond).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"23 2","pages":"Pages 102-111"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Knee strength balance ratios are not affected by aging among male runners 男性跑步者的膝盖力量平衡比不受年龄的影响。

IF 2.4 2区医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness

Pub Date : 2025-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2025.01.003

Ronaldo Alves da Cunha , Vinícius Ribeiro dos Anjos Souza , Lavínia Vivan , Aldo Seffrin , Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira , Katja Weiss , Beat Knechtle , Marilia Santos Andrade

Objectives

This study aimed to assess thigh muscular strength, conventional and functional strength balance ratios, and muscle quality in well-trained male runners aged 20–70 yr.

Methods

Eighty-nine male runners were divided into five age categories: 20–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, and 60–70 yr. Participants underwent an isokinetic strength test for knee flexor and extensor muscles and a body composition analysis via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

Results

No significant difference was observed in concentric peak torque of the knee extensor muscles between the 20–29 and 40–49 age groups. However, the 50–59 age group showed significantly lower strength than the 20–29 age group (p = 0.049), and the 60–70 age group demonstrated significantly lower strength than the 40–49 group (p < 0.001). The conventional and functional balance ratios remain stable across all age groups.

Conclusion

Knee flexor and extensor strength in male runners decreases significantly after the age of 50, while conventional and functional strength balance ratios remain stable.

目的：本研究旨在评估20-70岁训练有素的男性跑步者的大腿肌肉力量、常规和功能力量平衡比率以及肌肉质量。方法：89名男性跑步者被分为5个年龄组：20-29岁、30-39岁、40-49岁、50-59岁和60-70岁。参与者接受了膝关节屈肌和伸肌的等速力量测试，并通过双能x线吸收仪进行了身体成分分析。结果：20-29岁和40-49岁年龄组的膝关节伸肌同心峰值扭矩无显著差异。然而，50-59岁年龄组的力量明显低于20-29岁年龄组（p = 0.049）， 60-70岁年龄组的力量明显低于40-49岁年龄组(p结论：男性跑步者的膝关节屈伸肌力量在50岁后明显下降，而常规和功能力量平衡比保持稳定。

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引用次数: 0

Comparison of trabecular bone microarchitecture between older males with and without a running habit: A cross-sectional study 有和没有跑步习惯的老年男性小梁骨微结构的比较：一项横断面研究。

IF 2.4 2区医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness

Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2025.01.002

Chuan Zhang , Shubo Wang , Fanjing Meng , Dingbo Shu , Haizhen Huang , Yanjing Zhang , Siyu Dai

Objectives

Despite its prevalence among seniors, the impact of running on trabecular bone microarchitecture, especially in weight-bearing sites, remains relatively unexplored. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the impact of habitual running on bone health, specifically bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone microarchitecture, in male older adults.

Methods

Twenty-five male recreational runners aged between 50 and 75 years old were recruited in this study (RUN; average running experience 7.5 ± 6.0 years, average monthly running volume 217 ± 120 km), and 25 age matched sedentary older males served as controls (CON). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to obtain bone mineral density (BMD) measures at whole-body, bilateral proximal femur as well as lumbar spine for all participants. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to obtain trabecular bone microarchitectural parameters at distal femur and distal tibia for all participants.

Results

Findings revealed no significant difference in BMD between groups for all measured sites (all p > 0.05; d range 0.013–0.540). However, runners displayed higher bone volume fraction and trabecular thickness at the distal tibia (p = 0.012 and 0.001; 95 % CI of MD [-0.030, −0.004] and [-0.013, −0.004]; d = 0.739 and 1.034, respectively) and higher trabecular thickness at the distal femur (p = 0.002; 95 % CI of MD [-0.010, −0.002]; d = 0.907).

Conclusions

This study provides critical insights into the relationship between running and bone health in older adults, suggesting regular recreational running may positively influence trabecular bone microarchitecture, potentially enhancing bone strength and reducing fracture risk. These findings pave the way for future research to develop evidence-based exercise recommendations for an aging population.

目的：尽管在老年人中普遍存在，但跑步对小梁骨微结构的影响，特别是在负重部位，仍然相对未被探索。这项横断面研究旨在调查习惯性跑步对男性老年人骨骼健康的影响，特别是骨矿物质密度（BMD）和骨小梁微结构。方法：本研究招募了25名年龄在50 - 75岁之间的男性休闲跑步者(RUN；平均跑步经验7.5±6.0年，平均月跑步量217±120公里)，25名年龄匹配的久坐老年男性作为对照组（CON）。采用双能x线骨密度仪测量所有参与者的全身、双侧股骨近端和腰椎的骨密度。所有参与者使用磁共振成像获得股骨远端和胫骨远端骨小梁微结构参数。结果：各测量部位骨密度组间差异无统计学意义(p < 0.05；D范围0.013-0.540)。然而，跑步者在胫骨远端表现出更高的骨体积分数和骨小梁厚度(p = 0.012和0.001；95%可信区间的MD[-0.030, -0.004]和[-0.013,-0.004];D = 0.739, 1.034)，股骨远端骨小梁厚度增高(p = 0.002；MD的95% CI [-0.010, -0.002]；d = 0.907)。结论：这项研究为老年人跑步与骨骼健康之间的关系提供了重要的见解，表明定期的休闲跑步可能对小梁骨微结构产生积极影响，可能增强骨强度并降低骨折风险。这些发现为未来的研究铺平了道路，为老年人提供基于证据的锻炼建议。

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引用次数: 0

Acute high-intensity interval exercise is superior to moderate-intensity continuous exercise in enhancing endothelial function and its associated biomarkers in sedentary young individuals: the possible involvement of lactate 在久坐的年轻人中，急性高强度间歇运动在增强内皮功能及其相关生物标志物方面优于中等强度连续运动：乳酸盐可能参与其中。

IF 2.4 2区医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.12.006

Ziqing Liu , Jinglin Huang , Min Hu , Xuyan Cui , Lu Leng , Kangle Wang , Jiarui Wu , Shan He , Weiji Deng , Peilun Li , Yilin Chen , Dongdong Gao , Haijie Yu , Junhao Huang

Objectives

Our study investigated the effects of acute high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) on endothelial function and its associated biomarkers in sedentary young individuals.

Methods

Fifteen subjects (10M / 5F; 22 ± 2 years; BMI: 23.07 ± 4.12 kg/m²) participated in a crossover trial including three experimental conditions: HIIE, MICE, and a control session of rest (CON) in random order separated by a 7-day washout period. Endothelial function was assessed using flow-mediated dilation (FMD), mean shear rate (MSR), and circulating levels of blood lactate, VEGF, IGF-1, and irisin.

Results

Both HIIE and MICE significantly enhanced FMD% (both P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively), lactate (both P < 0.001), VEGF (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively), IGF-1 (both P < 0.001), and irisin (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively), with a greater extent after HIIE compared to MICE in FMD% (P < 0.001), MSR (P < 0.05), lactate (P < 0.001), VEGF (P < 0.05), and IGF-1 (P < 0.05). Additionally, change (post-pre) in FMD% was positively correlated with changes in MSR, lactate, and VEGF in both HIIE and MICE conditions. Change in MSR was positively associated with changes in lactate and VEGF in both HIIE and MICE conditions. Furthermore, enhancement in lactate was correlated with enhancements in VEGF in both HIIE and MICE conditions.

Conclusions

Acute HIIE is a more effective method than MICE at improving endothelial function in sedentary young individuals and increases in lactate and its mediated VEGF release, attributed to increase in shear rate after exercise, are involved in regulatory mechanisms.

目的：我们的研究探讨了急性高强度间歇运动（HIIE）和中等强度连续运动（MICE）对久坐年轻人内皮功能及其相关生物标志物的影响。方法：15名受试者(10M / 5F；22±2岁；BMI: 23.07±4.12 kg/m2)参加了交叉试验，包括三种实验条件：HIIE、MICE和对照休息（CON），以随机顺序进行，中间间隔7天的洗脱期。内皮功能通过血流介导扩张（FMD）、平均剪切速率（MSR）、血液乳酸、VEGF、IGF-1和鸢尾素的循环水平进行评估。结果：HIIE和小鼠均能显著提高FMD%（均P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P）结论：急性HIIE在改善久坐年轻人内皮功能方面比小鼠更有效，运动后乳酸及其介导的VEGF释放的增加，归因于运动后剪切速率的增加，参与了调节机制。

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引用次数: 0

Bilateral alterations in sensorimotor function and altered sensory strategy in individuals with unilateral chronic ankle instability 单侧慢性踝关节不稳患者的双侧感觉运动功能改变和感觉策略改变。

IF 2.4 2区医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.12.002

Xiaomei Hu , Xihe Hou , Lin Wang

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate bilateral sensorimotor function in patients with unilateral CAI. Furthermore, sensory reweighting ability and vestibular modulation were assessed.

Methods

Twenty individuals with unilateral CAI and twenty healthy controls participated in this study. All participants executed ankle proprioception, plantar sensation, unilateral stance, Y balance, motor control test (MCT) and sensory organisation test (SOT) assessments. Proprioception assessment included joint position sense and force sense (FS), and plantar sensation evaluation consisted of light-touch, vibration and two-point discrimination (TPD) thresholds at the heel, head of the first metatarsal (1 MF), base of the fifth metatarsal (5 MF), centre of foot and forefoot. MCT and SOT tests were conducted using NeuroCom Balance Manager System. Except for SOT, all tests evaluated bilateral limbs, and the order of limbs was randomly selected. 2 (group) × 2 (limb) mixed model analyses of variance were performed for outcome measures of unilateral stance, Y balance and MCT, and independent t-test was used to analyse the outcomes of SOT between two groups. Mann–Whitney U and Wilcoxon test were applied to examine the differences in plantar sensation between groups and limbs.

Results

For plantar sensation, increased light-touch threshold at heel and 1 MF and the TPD threshold at 1 MF were observed bilaterally in CAI group (p < 0.05). No differences were observed in joint position sense (JPS), but bilateral deficit was found in plantarflexor FS with moderate effect size (uninjured side: ES = 0.67; injured side: ES = 0.61) in CAI group. For unilateral stance with eyes closed, moderate postural instability was displayed bilaterally in the anteroposterior direction (uninjured side: ES = 0.71; injured side: ES = 0.86). The delayed latency of MCT with medium-backward translation was also observed in both sides of unilateral CAI (uninjured: ES = 0.74; injured: ES = 0.92). Compared with healthy controls, higher visual reliance was shown moderately in the injured and uninjured sides of unilateral CAI (uninjured: ES = 0.78; injured: ES = 0.91). Sensory analysis of SOT displayed decreased use of visual (p = 0.001) and vestibular information (p < 0.000) in CAI group.

Conclusion

Unilateral CAI presented impaired plantar sensation and ankle proprioception on both sides. Higher visual reliance, delayed motor response and postural instability under unreliable visual clues were also displayed bilaterally. Except for bilateral sensorimotor alterations, reduced ability of sensory reweighting and fixed sensory strategy also presented in CAI group, but the somatosensory clue still served as the main sensory source in CAI.

目的：本研究旨在评价单侧CAI患者的双侧感觉运动功能。此外，还评估了感觉重加权能力和前庭调节。方法：20例单侧CAI患者和20例健康对照者参与本研究。所有参与者都进行了踝关节本体感觉、足底感觉、单侧站立、Y轴平衡、运动控制测试（MCT）和感觉组织测试（SOT）评估。本体感觉评估包括关节位置感和力感（FS），足底感觉评估包括脚后跟、第一跖骨头部（1 MF）、第五跖骨基部（5 MF）、足中心和前足的轻触、振动和两点辨别（TPD）阈值。使用NeuroCom Balance Manager系统进行MCT和SOT测试。除SOT外，所有测试均评估双侧肢体，四肢顺序随机选择。单侧站立、Y型平衡和MCT的结果测量采用2（组）× 2（肢体）混合模型方差分析，两组间SOT的结果采用独立t检验。采用Mann-Whitney U和Wilcoxon测试来检查各组和四肢之间足底感觉的差异。结果：在足底感觉方面，CAI组双侧足跟轻触阈值、1 MF和1 MF TPD阈值均升高（p p）。结论：单侧CAI表现为双侧足底感觉和踝关节本体感觉受损。在不可靠的视觉线索下，双侧也表现出更高的视觉依赖、延迟的运动反应和姿势不稳定。CAI组除双侧感觉运动改变外，感觉重加权能力和固定感觉策略能力也有所下降，但躯体感觉线索仍是CAI的主要感觉来源。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of traditional Chinese exercises on brain-derived neurotrophic factor in middle-aged and older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials 中国传统运动对中老年人脑源性神经营养因子的影响：随机对照试验的系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 2.4 2区医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.12.004

Jianyu Gan , Jiya He , Kaixiang Zhou , Zhangyuting Shang , Gengxin Dong , Dapeng Bao , Junhong Zhou

Background/Objectives

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may help middle-aged and older adults resist age-related neurodegenerative conditions and psychiatric disorders. Recent studies suggested that Traditional Chinese exercises (TCEs) may be a promising strategy to improve the BDNF levels of these populations, while the effectiveness has yet to be definitively confirmed due to the variances in the study designs and observations. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effects of TCEs intervention on BDNF in middle-aged and older adults.

Methods

The search was conducted in November 2024 in seven Chinese and English databases. Two reviewers independently reviewed the search results, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias and certainty of evidence. Meta-analyses and meta-regressions were performed to determine the overall effect size and the impact of potential moderators.

Results

Ten publications consisting of 543 participants were included. The overall effect size of TCEs on BDNF was large and significant [Hedges'g = 0.82, 95 % CI (0.55, 1.09), p < 0.01]. Subgroup analysis revealed that the effect size was non-significant for participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (p = 0.08), while significant for participants with normal cognitive function (p < 0.01). In the meta-regression, moderators such as the mean age, sex, and baseline BDNF levels of participants, as well as total TCEs time were not associated with outcome variables. The certainty of the evidence was assessed as moderate.

Conclusions

This systematic review and meta-analysis indicates that TCEs intervention could increase the levels of BDNF in middle-aged and older adults with normal cognitive function.

Systematic review registration

www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier: CRD42023484121.

背景：脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）可帮助中老年人抵抗与年龄相关的神经退行性疾病和精神疾病。最近的研究表明，传统中医运动（TCEs）可能是改善这些人群脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）水平的一种有前途的策略，但由于研究设计和观察结果的差异，其有效性尚未得到明确证实。因此，本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在研究TCE干预对中老年人BDNF的影响：方法：于 2024 年 11 月在 7 个中英文数据库中进行了检索。两位审稿人独立审阅了检索结果，提取了数据，并评估了偏倚风险和证据的确定性。进行元分析和元回归以确定总体效应大小和潜在调节因素的影响：结果：共纳入了 10 篇出版物，543 名参与者。TCE对BDNF的总体效应规模较大且显著[Hedges'g = 0.82, 95 % CI (0.55, 1.09), p 结论：该系统综述和荟萃分析结果表明，TCE对BDNF的总体效应规模较大且显著：该系统综述和荟萃分析表明，TCEs干预可提高认知功能正常的中老年人的BDNF水平。系统综述注册：www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/，标识符：crd42023484121：CRD42023484121。

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引用次数: 0