Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.32598/jgums.31.1.1794.1
Mohammad Taghi Moghadamnia, Yasaman‐Sadat Borghei, Sanaz Amini, S. Maroufizadeh
Background: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency procedure for the return of spontaneous circulation in patients with cardiac arrest. Many factors can affect the success of CPR. Objective: This study aims to investigate the success rate of CPR and its related factors in patients referred to Dr. Heshmat Hospital in Rasht, Iran. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, participants were 1008 patients who had underwent CPR in Dr. Heshmat Hospital in Rasht, Iran. Data were collected from April 2016 to March 2019 using the Utstein style standard form, which assesses related factors and the times related to CPR. The association between CPR outcome and demographic/clinical factors was examined using independent samples t-test, chi-square test, and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: The CPR success rate was 34.8%. The CPR success rate was higher in patients with no asystole rhythm, short CPR duration, and in-hospital cardiac arrest. Compared to patients in CCU ward, those received CPR in other wards (except ICU) were more likely to have successful CPR. Furthermore, in patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest, the odds of successful CPR decreased with the increase of age. Conclusion: Since patients with asystole rhythm had the lowest success rate of CPR and this rhythm occurs due to delay in initiation of treatment at the end of cardiac arrest, early treatment of patients with cardiac arrest caused by ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation can increase the chances of a successful CPR.
{"title":"The Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Success Rate and Its Related Factors in Patients Referred to Dr. Heshmat Hospital in Rasht, Iran","authors":"Mohammad Taghi Moghadamnia, Yasaman‐Sadat Borghei, Sanaz Amini, S. Maroufizadeh","doi":"10.32598/jgums.31.1.1794.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jgums.31.1.1794.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency procedure for the return of spontaneous circulation in patients with cardiac arrest. Many factors can affect the success of CPR. Objective: This study aims to investigate the success rate of CPR and its related factors in patients referred to Dr. Heshmat Hospital in Rasht, Iran. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, participants were 1008 patients who had underwent CPR in Dr. Heshmat Hospital in Rasht, Iran. Data were collected from April 2016 to March 2019 using the Utstein style standard form, which assesses related factors and the times related to CPR. The association between CPR outcome and demographic/clinical factors was examined using independent samples t-test, chi-square test, and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: The CPR success rate was 34.8%. The CPR success rate was higher in patients with no asystole rhythm, short CPR duration, and in-hospital cardiac arrest. Compared to patients in CCU ward, those received CPR in other wards (except ICU) were more likely to have successful CPR. Furthermore, in patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest, the odds of successful CPR decreased with the increase of age. Conclusion: Since patients with asystole rhythm had the lowest success rate of CPR and this rhythm occurs due to delay in initiation of treatment at the end of cardiac arrest, early treatment of patients with cardiac arrest caused by ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation can increase the chances of a successful CPR.","PeriodicalId":15994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88190221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.32598/jgums.31.1.1682.1
P. Asadi, Nazanin Noori Roodsari, Habib Eslami Kenarsari, Mohammad Reza Darabi Niya, Majid Pourshaikhian
Background: Emergency Medical Services (EMS) personnel are often the first to provide healthcare services to the patient in different situations outside the hospital. Due to the sensitivity of this work, knowledge of ambulance equipment can affect the performance of Emergency Medical Services personnel. Objective This study aims to assess the knowledge of pre-hospital EMS personnel in Rasht, Iran about ambulance equipment. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 84 EMS personnel who were selected from 17 medical centers in Rasht, Iran using a convenience sampling method. The data collection tool was a two-part questionnaire. The first part surveys demographic characteristics (age, gender, work experience, type of employment, education, field of study, history of retraining courses) and the second part assesses the knowledge of ambulance equipment according to the Pre-hospital Emergency Medicine/Equipment User Manual of Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education (fourth edition). The data were analyzed in SPSS v. 22 software and the significance level was set at 0.05. Results: Most of participants had a bachelor’s degree, were under permanent employment, and had a degree in nursing and emergency medicine. Their mean work experience was 9.84±6.41 years, and most of them had a history of participating in retraining courses. Their knowledge of ambulance equipment was at a good level. Kruskal-Wallis test showed that their knowledge level had a significant relationship with their type of employment (P<0.001). Conclusion: It is necessary to increase the knowledge level of pre-hospital EMS personnel about ambulance equipment by holding short-term training courses and using simulation methods.
背景:紧急医疗服务(EMS)人员通常是第一个在医院外的不同情况下为患者提供医疗服务的人。由于这项工作的敏感性，救护车设备的知识可以影响紧急医疗服务人员的表现。目的了解伊朗拉什特市院前急救人员对救护设备的了解情况。方法:采用方便抽样法，对伊朗拉什特市17家医疗中心84名急救人员进行横断面分析研究。数据收集工具是一份分为两部分的问卷。第一部分调查人口特征(年龄、性别、工作经验、就业类型、教育程度、学习领域、再培训课程的历史)，第二部分根据伊朗卫生和医学教育部的《院前急救医学/设备用户手册》(第四版)评估救护车设备的知识。数据采用SPSS v. 22软件分析，显著性水平设为0.05。结果:大多数参与者具有学士学位，长期就业，并具有护理和急诊医学学位。平均工作年限为9.84±6.41年，多有参加再培训的历史。他们对救护车设备的了解水平很高。Kruskal-Wallis检验显示，他们的知识水平与他们的就业类型有显著的关系(P<0.001)。结论:有必要通过举办短期培训课程和采用模拟方法提高院前EMS人员对救护车设备的知识水平。
{"title":"Knowledge Level of Pre-Hospital Emergency Medical Services Personnel about Ambulance Equipment in Rasht, Iran","authors":"P. Asadi, Nazanin Noori Roodsari, Habib Eslami Kenarsari, Mohammad Reza Darabi Niya, Majid Pourshaikhian","doi":"10.32598/jgums.31.1.1682.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jgums.31.1.1682.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Emergency Medical Services (EMS) personnel are often the first to provide healthcare services to the patient in different situations outside the hospital. Due to the sensitivity of this work, knowledge of ambulance equipment can affect the performance of Emergency Medical Services personnel. Objective This study aims to assess the knowledge of pre-hospital EMS personnel in Rasht, Iran about ambulance equipment. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 84 EMS personnel who were selected from 17 medical centers in Rasht, Iran using a convenience sampling method. The data collection tool was a two-part questionnaire. The first part surveys demographic characteristics (age, gender, work experience, type of employment, education, field of study, history of retraining courses) and the second part assesses the knowledge of ambulance equipment according to the Pre-hospital Emergency Medicine/Equipment User Manual of Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education (fourth edition). The data were analyzed in SPSS v. 22 software and the significance level was set at 0.05. Results: Most of participants had a bachelor’s degree, were under permanent employment, and had a degree in nursing and emergency medicine. Their mean work experience was 9.84±6.41 years, and most of them had a history of participating in retraining courses. Their knowledge of ambulance equipment was at a good level. Kruskal-Wallis test showed that their knowledge level had a significant relationship with their type of employment (P<0.001). Conclusion: It is necessary to increase the knowledge level of pre-hospital EMS personnel about ambulance equipment by holding short-term training courses and using simulation methods.","PeriodicalId":15994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81454225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.32598/jgums.31.1.1748.2
Seyedeh Amineh Hojati, Seyed Ali Askari, F. Joukar, Kourosh Mojtahedi, F. Mansour-Ghanaei
Background: One of the main problems in patients with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the recurrence of this disease after eradication. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the recurrence rate of H. pylori infection 3-5 years after successful eradication in Iran. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, participants with a history of H. pylori infection who had been treated in the past 3-5 years were examined for the recurrence of this infection. After obtaining their consent, demographic and clinical information was recorded through interviews and based on medical records. To confirm the recurrence rate, the carbon-14 urea breath test was performed. Results: Out of 169 participants, 41.4% were male, 86.9% were living in urban areas, 91.1% were non-smokers, and 3.6% had a history of alcohol consumption. The results of the urea breath test showed that only one patients (0.6%) had experienced recurrence after complete treatment. Conclusion: The recurrence rate of H. pylori infection in Iran is much lower than in the developed countries.
{"title":"The Recurrence Rate of Helicobacter Pylori Infection 3-5 Years After Eradication in Iran","authors":"Seyedeh Amineh Hojati, Seyed Ali Askari, F. Joukar, Kourosh Mojtahedi, F. Mansour-Ghanaei","doi":"10.32598/jgums.31.1.1748.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jgums.31.1.1748.2","url":null,"abstract":"Background: One of the main problems in patients with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the recurrence of this disease after eradication. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the recurrence rate of H. pylori infection 3-5 years after successful eradication in Iran. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, participants with a history of H. pylori infection who had been treated in the past 3-5 years were examined for the recurrence of this infection. After obtaining their consent, demographic and clinical information was recorded through interviews and based on medical records. To confirm the recurrence rate, the carbon-14 urea breath test was performed. Results: Out of 169 participants, 41.4% were male, 86.9% were living in urban areas, 91.1% were non-smokers, and 3.6% had a history of alcohol consumption. The results of the urea breath test showed that only one patients (0.6%) had experienced recurrence after complete treatment. Conclusion: The recurrence rate of H. pylori infection in Iran is much lower than in the developed countries.","PeriodicalId":15994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83465402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.32598/jgums.31.1.1902.1
M. Majidnia, Aylar Kalteh Ei, A. Nooreddini, H. Kohi
Background Anemia is one of the most important disorders in the world mostly affecting children and pregnant women. Objective This study aims to assess the prevalence of maternal anemia and its related factors among pregnant women in Golestan Province of Iran. Methods This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 1000 pregnant women referred to a comprehensive health center affiliated to Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran in 2020. Chi-square (x2) and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to find demographic/obstetric factors related to maternal anemia. Results The prevalence of anemia was 18.4%; 19.27% had severe anemia, 63.03% had moderate anemia and 17.7% were with mild anemia. The interpregnancy interval, parity, age of first pregnancy, age of marriage, pregnancy month, history of urinary tract infection, number of medical care, and education had a significant relationship with maternal anemia (P<0.05), but the place of residence and the place to get medical care had no significant relationship with the maternal anemia. Conclusion With increase in the pregnancy month, history of urinary tract infection, low age of marriage, low number of received medical care, and low educational level, the risk of maternal anemia increases. It is important to identify women at risk of anemia and ensure adequate and timely care for them.
{"title":"Prevalence of Maternal Anemia Among Pregnant Women in Golestan Province of Iran in 2020","authors":"M. Majidnia, Aylar Kalteh Ei, A. Nooreddini, H. Kohi","doi":"10.32598/jgums.31.1.1902.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jgums.31.1.1902.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background Anemia is one of the most important disorders in the world mostly affecting children and pregnant women. Objective This study aims to assess the prevalence of maternal anemia and its related factors among pregnant women in Golestan Province of Iran. Methods This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 1000 pregnant women referred to a comprehensive health center affiliated to Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran in 2020. Chi-square (x2) and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to find demographic/obstetric factors related to maternal anemia. Results The prevalence of anemia was 18.4%; 19.27% had severe anemia, 63.03% had moderate anemia and 17.7% were with mild anemia. The interpregnancy interval, parity, age of first pregnancy, age of marriage, pregnancy month, history of urinary tract infection, number of medical care, and education had a significant relationship with maternal anemia (P<0.05), but the place of residence and the place to get medical care had no significant relationship with the maternal anemia. Conclusion With increase in the pregnancy month, history of urinary tract infection, low age of marriage, low number of received medical care, and low educational level, the risk of maternal anemia increases. It is important to identify women at risk of anemia and ensure adequate and timely care for them.","PeriodicalId":15994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79501974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: In women of childbearing age, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder. The cause of PCOS is still unknown and several factors may be involved. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effect of synbiotics on serum parameters such as Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH), triglyceride, cholesterol, glucose, and insulin in rats with PCOS. Methods: In this study, 40 adult female Wistar rats weighing approximately 180-200 g were randomly divided into five groups of control, PCOS, PCOS+LPS, PCOS+Synbiotic, PCOS+LPS+Synbiotic. To induce PCOS, rats were treated with Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 21 days. At the end, serum levels of LH, FSH, and insulin were measured by the ELISA method, and blood glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were measured by the enzymatic method. The results were analyzed in SPSS v. 22 software using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s Post Hoc test. Results: The levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, insulin, glucose, FSH, and LH in the PCOS and PCOS+LPS groups were significantly higher compared to the control group (P<0.05). Treatment with synbiotics in the intervention groups caused a significant reduction in all variables (P<0.05). Conclusion: Synbiotics have beneficial effects on the improvement of lipid profile, gonadotropins, insulin, and glucose levels in PCOS rats induced by LPS.
背景:多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)是育龄妇女中一种常见的内分泌疾病。多囊卵巢综合征的病因尚不清楚，可能涉及几个因素。目的:探讨合成制剂对PCOS大鼠血清促卵泡激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、甘油三酯、胆固醇、葡萄糖、胰岛素等指标的影响。方法:选取体重约180 ~ 200 g的成年雌性Wistar大鼠40只，随机分为对照组、PCOS组、PCOS+LPS组、PCOS+Synbiotic组、PCOS+LPS+Synbiotic组。采用脂多糖(LPS)诱导大鼠PCOS 21 d。最后，采用ELISA法测定血清LH、FSH、胰岛素水平，酶法测定血糖、胆固醇、甘油三酯水平。采用SPSS v. 22软件进行单因素方差分析和Tukey’s事后检验。结果:PCOS组和PCOS+LPS组的甘油三酯、胆固醇、胰岛素、葡萄糖、FSH、LH水平均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预组使用合生素治疗导致所有变量显著降低(P<0.05)。结论:合成制剂对LPS诱导的PCOS大鼠血脂、促性腺激素、胰岛素和血糖水平有改善作用。
{"title":"Effect of Synbiotics on Lipid Profile and Serum Levels of Gonadotropins, Insulin and Glucose in Rats with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Induced by Lipopolysaccharide","authors":"Mojtaba Hedayati Ch, M. Abedinzade, Zahra Bostani Khalesi, Behrooz Khakpour Taleghani, Seiyedeh Narjes Naseran, Tahere Pourmirzaee","doi":"10.32598/jgums.31.1.1737.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jgums.31.1.1737.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In women of childbearing age, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder. The cause of PCOS is still unknown and several factors may be involved. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effect of synbiotics on serum parameters such as Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH), triglyceride, cholesterol, glucose, and insulin in rats with PCOS. Methods: In this study, 40 adult female Wistar rats weighing approximately 180-200 g were randomly divided into five groups of control, PCOS, PCOS+LPS, PCOS+Synbiotic, PCOS+LPS+Synbiotic. To induce PCOS, rats were treated with Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 21 days. At the end, serum levels of LH, FSH, and insulin were measured by the ELISA method, and blood glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were measured by the enzymatic method. The results were analyzed in SPSS v. 22 software using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s Post Hoc test. Results: The levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, insulin, glucose, FSH, and LH in the PCOS and PCOS+LPS groups were significantly higher compared to the control group (P<0.05). Treatment with synbiotics in the intervention groups caused a significant reduction in all variables (P<0.05). Conclusion: Synbiotics have beneficial effects on the improvement of lipid profile, gonadotropins, insulin, and glucose levels in PCOS rats induced by LPS.","PeriodicalId":15994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83252202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.32598/jgums.31.1.735.1
Tahereh Asghari, M. Kousha, S. Soltanipour, Mona Mousaei, Mahbobeh Roshandel
Background: Social skills play an important role in children’s emotional health and well-being. Therefore, Social Skills Training (SST) of children is very important. Objective This study was to determine the effect of SST by teacher on mental health of female primary school students. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test/post-test design conducted on 24 female primary school students (third grade) in Rasht, Iran in 2017-2018. Their parents and teachers completed questionnaires before and after SST intervention. The sessions were held during the school year. For SST of students, intervention was provided to their teacher who was in daily contact with them. Methods of cognitive behavioral skills and positive reinforcement were used for SST. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the Matson Evaluation of Social Skills with Youngsters (MESSY) were used to assess mental health and social skills, respectively. Data were analyzed using statistical tests including Wilcoxon test and paired t-test in SPSS V.21 software. Results: The mean total score of MESSY decreased significantly from 225.54±13.65 to 219.12± 18.59 after the intervention (P=0.033). Among the subscales of SDQ, the mean of hyperactivity-attention deficit decreased only from 3.95±2.49 to 2.62±1.55 after the intervention, which was significant (P=0.020). Conclusion: The SST of female primary school students by the teacher do not lead to significant changes in their social skills and mental health.
{"title":"The Effect of Social Skills Training by Teacher on Mental Health of Female Primary School Students","authors":"Tahereh Asghari, M. Kousha, S. Soltanipour, Mona Mousaei, Mahbobeh Roshandel","doi":"10.32598/jgums.31.1.735.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jgums.31.1.735.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Social skills play an important role in children’s emotional health and well-being. Therefore, Social Skills Training (SST) of children is very important. Objective This study was to determine the effect of SST by teacher on mental health of female primary school students. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test/post-test design conducted on 24 female primary school students (third grade) in Rasht, Iran in 2017-2018. Their parents and teachers completed questionnaires before and after SST intervention. The sessions were held during the school year. For SST of students, intervention was provided to their teacher who was in daily contact with them. Methods of cognitive behavioral skills and positive reinforcement were used for SST. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the Matson Evaluation of Social Skills with Youngsters (MESSY) were used to assess mental health and social skills, respectively. Data were analyzed using statistical tests including Wilcoxon test and paired t-test in SPSS V.21 software. Results: The mean total score of MESSY decreased significantly from 225.54±13.65 to 219.12± 18.59 after the intervention (P=0.033). Among the subscales of SDQ, the mean of hyperactivity-attention deficit decreased only from 3.95±2.49 to 2.62±1.55 after the intervention, which was significant (P=0.020). Conclusion: The SST of female primary school students by the teacher do not lead to significant changes in their social skills and mental health.","PeriodicalId":15994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86577859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-06DOI: 10.32598/jgums.30.4.1835.1
Maryam Samadi Taherghorabi, I. Shakerinia
Background and Purpose: Depression is a common illness worldwide, with Approximately 280 million people in the world have depression.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of neurofeedback on working memory, cognitive flexibility in patients with mild depression. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed on 30 patients with mild depression in Rasht in 2021 who were purposefully selected. Neurofeedback intervention program and Goldberg Depression Inventory, Dennis and Vanderwall Cognitive Flexibility and Danman & Carpenter Working Memory Questionnaire were used. Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance Results: The results showed that neurofeedback training was effective in increasing working memory (P <0.038),and cognitive flexibility (P <0.001) in patients with mild depression. Conclusion: Neurofeedback system can change brain activity using a simple reward system. Therefore, neurofeedback training is suggested as a potential complementary therapy for patients with depression.
背景与目的:抑郁症是世界范围内的一种常见病，全球约有2.8亿人患有抑郁症。本研究的目的是评估神经反馈对轻度抑郁症患者工作记忆、认知灵活性的有效性。材料与方法:本准实验研究有目的地选取2021年拉什特轻度抑郁症患者30例进行。采用神经反馈干预程序和Goldberg抑郁量表、Dennis and Vanderwall认知灵活性和Danman & Carpenter工作记忆问卷。结果显示:神经反馈训练对轻度抑郁症患者的工作记忆(P <0.038)和认知灵活性(P <0.001)有显著提高。结论:神经反馈系统可以通过简单的奖励系统改变大脑活动。因此，神经反馈训练被认为是抑郁症患者的一种潜在的补充疗法。
{"title":"The Effectiveness of Neurofeedback on Working Memory and Cognitive Flexibility in Patients With Mild Depression","authors":"Maryam Samadi Taherghorabi, I. Shakerinia","doi":"10.32598/jgums.30.4.1835.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jgums.30.4.1835.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Purpose: Depression is a common illness worldwide, with Approximately 280 million people in the world have depression.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of neurofeedback on working memory, cognitive flexibility in patients with mild depression. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed on 30 patients with mild depression in Rasht in 2021 who were purposefully selected. Neurofeedback intervention program and Goldberg Depression Inventory, Dennis and Vanderwall Cognitive Flexibility and Danman & Carpenter Working Memory Questionnaire were used. Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance Results: The results showed that neurofeedback training was effective in increasing working memory (P <0.038),and cognitive flexibility (P <0.001) in patients with mild depression. Conclusion: Neurofeedback system can change brain activity using a simple reward system. Therefore, neurofeedback training is suggested as a potential complementary therapy for patients with depression.","PeriodicalId":15994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89477663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-06DOI: 10.32598/jgums.30.4.1676.1
Mehdi Evazalipour, Forough Aghajani Torshkooh, R. Jafari-Shakib, Saye Gholampour, E. Zamani
Background: Aging is one of the important factor in the development of age-related diseases. Acrylamide (ACR) can be produced during rich-carbohydrate foods preparing at high temperature. Recently, studies showed that ACR can induce cellular aging. Furthermore, Rutin is a natural flavonoid, which possesses a potent antioxidant activity. Objective: In this study, ptotective effect of Rutin (a potent antioxidant) on oxidative-induced aging after ACR exposure was evaluated. Materials and Methods: NIH3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cells were used for this study, which treated by different concentrations of ACR and H2O2. Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring of malondialdehyde and glutathion concentrations. To evaluate of the aging process, β-galactosidase activity was evaluated by enzyme staining and β-galactosidase activity assay kit. MTT assay was used to evaluate the viability of the cells. Results: Exposure of cells to ACR and H2O2 significantly decreased the cell viability and using of rutin significantly improved cell viability in cells treated by ACR (P<0.05). Rutin increased glutathion level in cells treated by ACR and H2O2 (P<0.05). Also, the rate of lipid peroxidation was significantly lower in the group treated with rutin and H2O2 than in the H2O2 group (P<0.05).The β -galactosidase activity was increased in H2O2 and ACR groups. The using of rutin with acrylamide significantly reduced the activity of β-galactosidase enzyme compared to acrylamide group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Based on this study, oxidative stress may be presented as an important mechanism in ACR induced-aging in NIH3T3 cells. On the other hand, Rutin, as a potent antioxidant, decresead aging by inhibition of oxidative damage.
{"title":"The in vitro Evaluation of Protective Effect of Rutin on Acrylamide Induced Oxidative Aging in NIH3T3 Cells","authors":"Mehdi Evazalipour, Forough Aghajani Torshkooh, R. Jafari-Shakib, Saye Gholampour, E. Zamani","doi":"10.32598/jgums.30.4.1676.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jgums.30.4.1676.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Aging is one of the important factor in the development of age-related diseases. Acrylamide (ACR) can be produced during rich-carbohydrate foods preparing at high temperature. Recently, studies showed that ACR can induce cellular aging. Furthermore, Rutin is a natural flavonoid, which possesses a potent antioxidant activity. Objective: In this study, ptotective effect of Rutin (a potent antioxidant) on oxidative-induced aging after ACR exposure was evaluated. Materials and Methods: NIH3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cells were used for this study, which treated by different concentrations of ACR and H2O2. Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring of malondialdehyde and glutathion concentrations. To evaluate of the aging process, β-galactosidase activity was evaluated by enzyme staining and β-galactosidase activity assay kit. MTT assay was used to evaluate the viability of the cells. Results: Exposure of cells to ACR and H2O2 significantly decreased the cell viability and using of rutin significantly improved cell viability in cells treated by ACR (P<0.05). Rutin increased glutathion level in cells treated by ACR and H2O2 (P<0.05). Also, the rate of lipid peroxidation was significantly lower in the group treated with rutin and H2O2 than in the H2O2 group (P<0.05).The β -galactosidase activity was increased in H2O2 and ACR groups. The using of rutin with acrylamide significantly reduced the activity of β-galactosidase enzyme compared to acrylamide group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Based on this study, oxidative stress may be presented as an important mechanism in ACR induced-aging in NIH3T3 cells. On the other hand, Rutin, as a potent antioxidant, decresead aging by inhibition of oxidative damage.","PeriodicalId":15994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85653227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-06DOI: 10.32598/jgums.30.4.1761.1
S. Shokrgozar, Mohadeseh Varasteh, Adele Isanazar, Maryam Zavarmousavi, Mahnaz Fallahi-Kheshtmasjedi
Introduction: Psychiatric hospitalized patients by judicial letters are important groups, which deprives the physician of authority to make decision. One of the medical principles is to patients' rights. Objective: The aim of this study to investigate the cases of people referred by the judiciary to Shafa center. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on the files of 217 people referred from governing board to Shafa Hospital in Rasht in 2018 and according to the checklist, the variables were extracted from files, such as demographic characteristics, referral reasons, criminal history, history of psychiatric disorders, and hospitalization in psychiatric hospital, and psychiatric diagnosis of the type of disorder. After collecting the data, they were analyzed by in IBM SPSS statistics version 21. Results: The highest population was male (96.8%), urban (78.8%), and single (57.6%). 78.3% had a history of hospitalization, 82.5% had a history of psychiatric illness. 99.9% of cases had a psychiatric diagnosis. The most common psychiatric diagnosis was schizophrenia with 37.5% of cases. In terms of the reason for referral, 49.9% were sent-out and hospitalization and 29.6% were in need of treatment. There was a significant relationship between the history of psychiatric disorder and criminal history. But there was no significant relationship between age, education, employment status and history of psychiatric disorder. Conclusion: The study showed that only for existence of a judicial letter, the label of a psychiatric patient can certainly not be affixed to the person. Also, the high percentage of the final diagnosis indicates a better relationship between governing board and the medical system in referring individuals. This issue again highlights the need for more communication between the judicial system and medical centers to refer patients.
{"title":"Investigation of Involuntary Hospitalization in the Files of Patients Referred from Governing Board to Psychiatric Hospital","authors":"S. Shokrgozar, Mohadeseh Varasteh, Adele Isanazar, Maryam Zavarmousavi, Mahnaz Fallahi-Kheshtmasjedi","doi":"10.32598/jgums.30.4.1761.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jgums.30.4.1761.1","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Psychiatric hospitalized patients by judicial letters are important groups, which deprives the physician of authority to make decision. One of the medical principles is to patients' rights. Objective: The aim of this study to investigate the cases of people referred by the judiciary to Shafa center. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on the files of 217 people referred from governing board to Shafa Hospital in Rasht in 2018 and according to the checklist, the variables were extracted from files, such as demographic characteristics, referral reasons, criminal history, history of psychiatric disorders, and hospitalization in psychiatric hospital, and psychiatric diagnosis of the type of disorder. After collecting the data, they were analyzed by in IBM SPSS statistics version 21. Results: The highest population was male (96.8%), urban (78.8%), and single (57.6%). 78.3% had a history of hospitalization, 82.5% had a history of psychiatric illness. 99.9% of cases had a psychiatric diagnosis. The most common psychiatric diagnosis was schizophrenia with 37.5% of cases. In terms of the reason for referral, 49.9% were sent-out and hospitalization and 29.6% were in need of treatment. There was a significant relationship between the history of psychiatric disorder and criminal history. But there was no significant relationship between age, education, employment status and history of psychiatric disorder. Conclusion: The study showed that only for existence of a judicial letter, the label of a psychiatric patient can certainly not be affixed to the person. Also, the high percentage of the final diagnosis indicates a better relationship between governing board and the medical system in referring individuals. This issue again highlights the need for more communication between the judicial system and medical centers to refer patients.","PeriodicalId":15994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences","volume":"35 9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89893894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-06DOI: 10.32598/jgums.30.4.1786.1
M. Yaseri, Seyyede Sahere Mortazavi, N. Faraji
Background: Diabetes is one of the most common and costly chronic diseases with an increasing prevalence in all around the world. On the other hand, the relationship between Uric Acid (UA) level and glycemic index in type 2 diabetic patients is not clear. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the UA level and glycemic status of type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: A total of 230 patients with type 2 diabetes were studied in this cross-sectional study, who referred to Razi and Besat clinics in 2020. Researcher-made checklist were used to collect demographic and clinical data includes age, sex, duration of the disease, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood sugar (FBS), Cholesterol, Triglyceride (TG), high density lipid (HDL), low density lipid (LDL), Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), UA, Creatinine (Cr) level, history of heart disease, blood pressure, and a history of smoking. The results were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 26. Results: The results showed that there was a marginally significant relationship between UA and HbA1C (r = 0.318, P<0.001), Cr (r = 0.351, P<0.001) and Triglyceride (TG) (r = 0.174, P=0.008). Conclusion: Generally, in patients with type 2 diabetes, serum UA level has an adverse effect on glycemic status.
{"title":"Evaluation of Uric Acid Level and Glycemic Status in Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Rasht","authors":"M. Yaseri, Seyyede Sahere Mortazavi, N. Faraji","doi":"10.32598/jgums.30.4.1786.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jgums.30.4.1786.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes is one of the most common and costly chronic diseases with an increasing prevalence in all around the world. On the other hand, the relationship between Uric Acid (UA) level and glycemic index in type 2 diabetic patients is not clear. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the UA level and glycemic status of type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: A total of 230 patients with type 2 diabetes were studied in this cross-sectional study, who referred to Razi and Besat clinics in 2020. Researcher-made checklist were used to collect demographic and clinical data includes age, sex, duration of the disease, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood sugar (FBS), Cholesterol, Triglyceride (TG), high density lipid (HDL), low density lipid (LDL), Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), UA, Creatinine (Cr) level, history of heart disease, blood pressure, and a history of smoking. The results were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 26. Results: The results showed that there was a marginally significant relationship between UA and HbA1C (r = 0.318, P<0.001), Cr (r = 0.351, P<0.001) and Triglyceride (TG) (r = 0.174, P=0.008). Conclusion: Generally, in patients with type 2 diabetes, serum UA level has an adverse effect on glycemic status.","PeriodicalId":15994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences","volume":"25 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78330016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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