Pub Date : 2024-06-12DOI: 10.1177/1045389x241253172
V. R. Velusamy, F. M. Foong, N. N. Nik Mohd, C. Thein
This study investigates wind energy harvesting from electromagnetic dual cantilever flutter (DCF) and multi cantilever flutter (MCF) arrays. Initially, the bare DCF was tested under several wind speeds at four different gap distances to analyse and verify its behaviour. Results suggest that the characteristics of the DCF is ideal for electromagnetic energy harvesting. Two identical sets of wounded coils and magnets were then fixed onto the DCF to generate an induced voltage output from the anti-phase motion. Experimental findings demonstrated a significant power density of 11 × 10−3 mW/cm3 at a wind speed of 18.0 ms−1 when using shorter and thicker beams, which is comparable to previous flutter-based energy harvesters. An additional magnet-holding beam was then added beside the DCF beams to form a multi cantilever flutter (MCF) array of three identical beams. Visual observation confirms that alternate beams in the MCF array also flutter in an anti-phase motion. The power output per beam and power density recorded for the MCF array was 38.0% higher than the DCF harvester due to the increase in functional coil output and magnetic flux density. Finally, further analysis suggest that an odd number of beams is more favourable for electromagnetic MCF array harvesters.
{"title":"Wind energy harvesting using electromagnetic dual and multi cantilever flutter array","authors":"V. R. Velusamy, F. M. Foong, N. N. Nik Mohd, C. Thein","doi":"10.1177/1045389x241253172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389x241253172","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates wind energy harvesting from electromagnetic dual cantilever flutter (DCF) and multi cantilever flutter (MCF) arrays. Initially, the bare DCF was tested under several wind speeds at four different gap distances to analyse and verify its behaviour. Results suggest that the characteristics of the DCF is ideal for electromagnetic energy harvesting. Two identical sets of wounded coils and magnets were then fixed onto the DCF to generate an induced voltage output from the anti-phase motion. Experimental findings demonstrated a significant power density of 11 × 10−3 mW/cm3 at a wind speed of 18.0 ms−1 when using shorter and thicker beams, which is comparable to previous flutter-based energy harvesters. An additional magnet-holding beam was then added beside the DCF beams to form a multi cantilever flutter (MCF) array of three identical beams. Visual observation confirms that alternate beams in the MCF array also flutter in an anti-phase motion. The power output per beam and power density recorded for the MCF array was 38.0% higher than the DCF harvester due to the increase in functional coil output and magnetic flux density. Finally, further analysis suggest that an odd number of beams is more favourable for electromagnetic MCF array harvesters.","PeriodicalId":16121,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141352251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1177/1045389x241253120
Jun Jian Zhang, Min Qian, Zhi Hua Feng
A novel piezoelectric-hydraulic hybrid actuation system with a half-wave resonator is proposed in this paper to generate high-frequency, high-pressure liquid flow and mechanical output through liquid resonance. The new hybrid actuator is similar to the traditional hybrid actuator, with the main difference being the pump chamber itself. The length of the specially designed pump chamber is greater than that of the traditional pump chamber, which facilitates resonance by virtue of the compliance and inertia of the liquid. Once the excitation frequency approaches the resonant frequency of the liquid in the pump chamber, the pressure in the pump chamber will be higher than that under quasi-static conditions, and the output of the hybrid actuator will benefit from it. The compositional structure and working principle of the new hybrid actuator are presented, and its output performance is experimentally studied. When the voltage is 400 Vp-p and the frequency is approximately 2.44 kHz, the actuator can output a maximum no-load velocity of 5.4 mm/s and a maximum blocking force of 181 N. This strategy verifies the feasibility of using liquid resonance for actuation and realizes high-frequency excitation of the hybrid actuator, which also provides a reference for future research on high-frequency hybrid actuators.
{"title":"Design and research of a piezoelectric-hydraulic hybrid actuation system with a half-wave resonator","authors":"Jun Jian Zhang, Min Qian, Zhi Hua Feng","doi":"10.1177/1045389x241253120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389x241253120","url":null,"abstract":"A novel piezoelectric-hydraulic hybrid actuation system with a half-wave resonator is proposed in this paper to generate high-frequency, high-pressure liquid flow and mechanical output through liquid resonance. The new hybrid actuator is similar to the traditional hybrid actuator, with the main difference being the pump chamber itself. The length of the specially designed pump chamber is greater than that of the traditional pump chamber, which facilitates resonance by virtue of the compliance and inertia of the liquid. Once the excitation frequency approaches the resonant frequency of the liquid in the pump chamber, the pressure in the pump chamber will be higher than that under quasi-static conditions, and the output of the hybrid actuator will benefit from it. The compositional structure and working principle of the new hybrid actuator are presented, and its output performance is experimentally studied. When the voltage is 400 V<jats:sub>p-p</jats:sub> and the frequency is approximately 2.44 kHz, the actuator can output a maximum no-load velocity of 5.4 mm/s and a maximum blocking force of 181 N. This strategy verifies the feasibility of using liquid resonance for actuation and realizes high-frequency excitation of the hybrid actuator, which also provides a reference for future research on high-frequency hybrid actuators.","PeriodicalId":16121,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141189882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-28DOI: 10.1177/1045389x241232044
Weijie Xian, Soobum Lee
Motivated to run a self-powering monitoring sensor on a wind turbine blade, this paper proposes a pendulum based frequency-up converter that effectively captures a low-speed mechanical rotation into high-frequency vibration of a piezoelectric cantilever beam. A system of governing equations for the proposed concept is developed to describe the motion of the pendulum, the vibration of the beam, and the voltage output of the harvester. Design optimization is performed to improve the power generation performance, and the simulation results are verified experimentally. We demonstrate the improved power density from the proposed concept compared to the disk driven frequency-up converters.
{"title":"A pendulum based frequency-up conversion mechanism for vibrational energy harvesting in low-speed rotary structures","authors":"Weijie Xian, Soobum Lee","doi":"10.1177/1045389x241232044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389x241232044","url":null,"abstract":"Motivated to run a self-powering monitoring sensor on a wind turbine blade, this paper proposes a pendulum based frequency-up converter that effectively captures a low-speed mechanical rotation into high-frequency vibration of a piezoelectric cantilever beam. A system of governing equations for the proposed concept is developed to describe the motion of the pendulum, the vibration of the beam, and the voltage output of the harvester. Design optimization is performed to improve the power generation performance, and the simulation results are verified experimentally. We demonstrate the improved power density from the proposed concept compared to the disk driven frequency-up converters.","PeriodicalId":16121,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141171591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-21DOI: 10.1177/1045389x241252294
Keshun Qi, Nie Meng, Jinhuan Xu, Meixuan Wang
The particle dynamics model of MRFs (MRFs) is based on the discrete element technique, which takes into account essential MRF variables such as magnetic field, particle parameters, particle volume fraction, carrier fluid properties, and other parameters. Firstly, to digitally characterize the microstructure of MRFs, the particle coordination number, as a new perspective is creatively proposed. The validity and predictability of the created model are then tested in conjunction with the rheological performance studies by comparing it to the known continuous medium model. Finally, based on the proposed model, the influence of each influencing factor on the magnetorheological effect is simulated and regularity analysis is given from the perspective of particles. Linking macroscopic qualities and MRF microstructure, which offers a theoretical basis for the preparation of MRFs with improved performance and prediction of performance under various working situations.
{"title":"A particle-level discrete element model for simulating the performance of MRFs","authors":"Keshun Qi, Nie Meng, Jinhuan Xu, Meixuan Wang","doi":"10.1177/1045389x241252294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389x241252294","url":null,"abstract":"The particle dynamics model of MRFs (MRFs) is based on the discrete element technique, which takes into account essential MRF variables such as magnetic field, particle parameters, particle volume fraction, carrier fluid properties, and other parameters. Firstly, to digitally characterize the microstructure of MRFs, the particle coordination number, as a new perspective is creatively proposed. The validity and predictability of the created model are then tested in conjunction with the rheological performance studies by comparing it to the known continuous medium model. Finally, based on the proposed model, the influence of each influencing factor on the magnetorheological effect is simulated and regularity analysis is given from the perspective of particles. Linking macroscopic qualities and MRF microstructure, which offers a theoretical basis for the preparation of MRFs with improved performance and prediction of performance under various working situations.","PeriodicalId":16121,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141115926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-21DOI: 10.1177/1045389x241233800
Xiao Ma, Bo Zhou, Changhe Li, Yanbin Zhang, Min Yang, Shifeng Xue
Functionally graded piezoelectric structures (FGPSs) have excellent electromechanical properties and are promising for engineering applications. However, the inhomogeneous material properties and piezoelectric effects create great difficulties in the mechanical analysis of the FGPSs. In this paper, a Hermite interpolation element-free Galerkin method (HIEFGM) is proposed for the numerical analysis of the FGPSs. The HIEFGM utilizes a set of nodes to represent the problem domain, which can ideally reflect the inhomogeneous material properties of the FGPSs. Firstly, the governing equations of the FGPSs are derived through the constitutive equation, equilibrium equation, and boundary conditions. Secondly, the approximating function of the field quantities is obtained by the improved moving least-square method and Hermite interpolation. The HIEFGM formulation of the FGPSs is obtained using the variational principle. Furtherly, the influence of weight function, scaling parameter, and node densities on the HIEFGM of the FGPSs is discussed in detail through a parameter study. Finally, the availability of present method is estimated by several examples with different configurations and boundary conditions. The influence of gradation exponent on the electromechanical responses of the FGPSs is analyzed. The results show that the present method has excellent accuracy and stability in analyzing the FGPSs. As the gradation exponent increases, the distribution of the field quantities of the FGPSs exhibits nonlinear characteristics. This work may provide an effective methodology for the analysis of the FGPSs, and contribute to the theoretical research and engineering application of the FGPSs.
{"title":"Analysis of functionally graded piezoelectric structures by Hermite interpolation element-free Galerkin method","authors":"Xiao Ma, Bo Zhou, Changhe Li, Yanbin Zhang, Min Yang, Shifeng Xue","doi":"10.1177/1045389x241233800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389x241233800","url":null,"abstract":"Functionally graded piezoelectric structures (FGPSs) have excellent electromechanical properties and are promising for engineering applications. However, the inhomogeneous material properties and piezoelectric effects create great difficulties in the mechanical analysis of the FGPSs. In this paper, a Hermite interpolation element-free Galerkin method (HIEFGM) is proposed for the numerical analysis of the FGPSs. The HIEFGM utilizes a set of nodes to represent the problem domain, which can ideally reflect the inhomogeneous material properties of the FGPSs. Firstly, the governing equations of the FGPSs are derived through the constitutive equation, equilibrium equation, and boundary conditions. Secondly, the approximating function of the field quantities is obtained by the improved moving least-square method and Hermite interpolation. The HIEFGM formulation of the FGPSs is obtained using the variational principle. Furtherly, the influence of weight function, scaling parameter, and node densities on the HIEFGM of the FGPSs is discussed in detail through a parameter study. Finally, the availability of present method is estimated by several examples with different configurations and boundary conditions. The influence of gradation exponent on the electromechanical responses of the FGPSs is analyzed. The results show that the present method has excellent accuracy and stability in analyzing the FGPSs. As the gradation exponent increases, the distribution of the field quantities of the FGPSs exhibits nonlinear characteristics. This work may provide an effective methodology for the analysis of the FGPSs, and contribute to the theoretical research and engineering application of the FGPSs.","PeriodicalId":16121,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141113344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The structural performance improvement of concrete members is by far a crucial theoretical issue for engineers, and the development of modern smart and composite materials makes it possible to gradually enhance the durability design of the concrete structure. In this study, six beams of the same size and reinforcement ratio, the proposed composite beam (SMA-GFRP-ECC) and five comparative beams (RC, R-ECC, SS-ECC, GFRP-ECC, SMA-ECC), were designed and tested under low-cycle unidirectional cyclic loading and unloading conditions. The energy dissipation capacity, displacement ductility, residual deformation, and self-repairing performance of each concrete beam were evaluated. Afterward, a concise calculation model for the studied composite beam is deduced and developed based on the existing relevant constitutive models and concrete assumptions. The test results indicate that compared with RC beams, the composite reinforced ECC beams show obvious multi-cracking and smaller crack width during the loading process and have good bending ductility. The innovative SMA-GFRP-ECC beam is capable of a high bearing capacity, ductility, and damage self-repairing. The new proposed beam has more than 80% of the maximum crack width recovery capacity during unloading. Hence, the proposed SMA-GFRP-ECC beam is a rather good first attempt of strengthened beams, combining the advantages of SMA, GFRP, and ECC.
{"title":"Experimental investigation on flexural performance of concrete beams strengthened with SMA-GFRP-ECC smart composite materials","authors":"Hui Qian, Xiangyu Wang, Yujing Wang, Shuqian Duan, Jiecheng Xiong","doi":"10.1177/1045389x241252290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389x241252290","url":null,"abstract":"The structural performance improvement of concrete members is by far a crucial theoretical issue for engineers, and the development of modern smart and composite materials makes it possible to gradually enhance the durability design of the concrete structure. In this study, six beams of the same size and reinforcement ratio, the proposed composite beam (SMA-GFRP-ECC) and five comparative beams (RC, R-ECC, SS-ECC, GFRP-ECC, SMA-ECC), were designed and tested under low-cycle unidirectional cyclic loading and unloading conditions. The energy dissipation capacity, displacement ductility, residual deformation, and self-repairing performance of each concrete beam were evaluated. Afterward, a concise calculation model for the studied composite beam is deduced and developed based on the existing relevant constitutive models and concrete assumptions. The test results indicate that compared with RC beams, the composite reinforced ECC beams show obvious multi-cracking and smaller crack width during the loading process and have good bending ductility. The innovative SMA-GFRP-ECC beam is capable of a high bearing capacity, ductility, and damage self-repairing. The new proposed beam has more than 80% of the maximum crack width recovery capacity during unloading. Hence, the proposed SMA-GFRP-ECC beam is a rather good first attempt of strengthened beams, combining the advantages of SMA, GFRP, and ECC.","PeriodicalId":16121,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140966985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-16DOI: 10.1177/1045389x241249520
Chenghao Yang, Jin Dai, Shaoping Xiong
High-speed on/off valve acts as critical enabling component of digital hydraulics, which has been challenging the traditional hydraulic system by providing efficient and effective hydraulic control solutions. The high-speed on/off valve that ideally fits the digital hydraulic system is expected to achieve fast response and long stroke with affordable energy consumption. This not only requires developing advanced actuation mechanism but also demands extensive study on the driving strategy. This study focuses on investigating the Peak-and-hold driving strategy applied to a novel high speed on/off valve-energy coupling actuated valve (ECAV), in order to achieve target performance with optimized energy consumptions. This work has developed an electro-mechanical coupled physics model based on commercial finite element solver COMSOL. This model helps to investigate the performance of ECAV under different peak-and-hold driving parameters and thereby recommend the optimal peak-and-hold driving strategy. Then, the experimental testing on the prototype ECAV has been conducted to validate the simulated performances. The measurement results showed that the prototype ECA using the optimal peak & hold solution demonstrated significant advantage in energy saving targeting at response of 10 ms for 1.5 mm stroke, especially compared to a typical step input signal.
{"title":"Performance optimization and testing of a novel energy coupled actuated high-speed valve based on peak-and-hold driving strategy","authors":"Chenghao Yang, Jin Dai, Shaoping Xiong","doi":"10.1177/1045389x241249520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389x241249520","url":null,"abstract":"High-speed on/off valve acts as critical enabling component of digital hydraulics, which has been challenging the traditional hydraulic system by providing efficient and effective hydraulic control solutions. The high-speed on/off valve that ideally fits the digital hydraulic system is expected to achieve fast response and long stroke with affordable energy consumption. This not only requires developing advanced actuation mechanism but also demands extensive study on the driving strategy. This study focuses on investigating the Peak-and-hold driving strategy applied to a novel high speed on/off valve-energy coupling actuated valve (ECAV), in order to achieve target performance with optimized energy consumptions. This work has developed an electro-mechanical coupled physics model based on commercial finite element solver COMSOL. This model helps to investigate the performance of ECAV under different peak-and-hold driving parameters and thereby recommend the optimal peak-and-hold driving strategy. Then, the experimental testing on the prototype ECAV has been conducted to validate the simulated performances. The measurement results showed that the prototype ECA using the optimal peak & hold solution demonstrated significant advantage in energy saving targeting at response of 10 ms for 1.5 mm stroke, especially compared to a typical step input signal.","PeriodicalId":16121,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140966421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-13DOI: 10.1177/1045389x241239371
M Banu Sundareswari, K Dhanalakshmi, A Vimala Starbino, G Then Mozhi
This study describes the design of a parallel spatial manipulator with four degrees of freedom actuated with shape memory alloy (SMA) wire to validate the use of SMA in complicated mechatronics systems. The manipulator has a closed kinematic structure, which includes a fixed base and a moving square platform (end effector). The four arms of the manipulator are SMA wires fastened between the fixed base and the end effector. SMA wire-based actuators replace bulky conventional revolute actuators. This work spotlights the development of an actuator model, dimensional analysis, and design of cascade control strategies of various PID and sliding mode controller in their integral and fractional order configurations. Experimental evaluation of the actuator is performed through trajectory tracking to quantify the different controller configurations. The experimental results indicate that the parallel manipulator associated with SMA wire actuators is the best alternative to conventional motion stages for highly precise micro-positioning and tracking applications in the fields of 3D printing, intricate surgical operations, the medical and pharmaceutical industries, and flight and gaming simulators.
本研究介绍了利用形状记忆合金（SMA）线材驱动的四自由度平行空间机械手的设计，以验证 SMA 在复杂机电一体化系统中的应用。该机械手采用封闭式运动结构，包括一个固定基座和一个移动方形平台（末端效应器）。机械手的四个臂是固定在固定基座和末端效应器之间的 SMA 线。基于 SMA 线的执行器取代了笨重的传统旋转执行器。本作品重点介绍了致动器模型的开发、尺寸分析以及各种 PID 和滑动模式控制器在积分阶和分数阶配置下的级联控制策略的设计。通过轨迹跟踪对致动器进行了实验评估，以量化不同的控制器配置。实验结果表明，在 3D 打印、复杂的外科手术、医疗和制药行业以及飞行和游戏模拟器等领域的高精度微定位和跟踪应用中，与 SMA 线执行器相关的并联机械手是传统运动平台的最佳替代品。
{"title":"Trajectory tracking control of parallel manipulator actuated with shape memory wire","authors":"M Banu Sundareswari, K Dhanalakshmi, A Vimala Starbino, G Then Mozhi","doi":"10.1177/1045389x241239371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389x241239371","url":null,"abstract":"This study describes the design of a parallel spatial manipulator with four degrees of freedom actuated with shape memory alloy (SMA) wire to validate the use of SMA in complicated mechatronics systems. The manipulator has a closed kinematic structure, which includes a fixed base and a moving square platform (end effector). The four arms of the manipulator are SMA wires fastened between the fixed base and the end effector. SMA wire-based actuators replace bulky conventional revolute actuators. This work spotlights the development of an actuator model, dimensional analysis, and design of cascade control strategies of various PID and sliding mode controller in their integral and fractional order configurations. Experimental evaluation of the actuator is performed through trajectory tracking to quantify the different controller configurations. The experimental results indicate that the parallel manipulator associated with SMA wire actuators is the best alternative to conventional motion stages for highly precise micro-positioning and tracking applications in the fields of 3D printing, intricate surgical operations, the medical and pharmaceutical industries, and flight and gaming simulators.","PeriodicalId":16121,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140940628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-30DOI: 10.1177/1045389x241246827
Zhigang Wu, Yu Wang, Min Chen, Bingxiao Ding
In this paper, we present a new asymmetrical under-actuated micro-gripper which can perform twisting and gripping operation to the target simultaneously actuated by a single piezoelectric actuator. Two improved hybrid amplification mechanisms were designed integrated with three different flexure hinges to enhance dynamic performances. Kinematics and dynamics models of the micro-gripper including input stiffness, displacement amplification ratio, and natural frequency based on pseudo-rigid-body method and Lagrange’s equations were derived. Proposed models were evaluated by finite element simulation studies. Experimental results shown that our designed micro-gripper possesses good performance in terms of clamping reliability and dynamic response.
{"title":"Design, analysis, and experimental investigations of an asymmetrical under-actuated micro-gripper","authors":"Zhigang Wu, Yu Wang, Min Chen, Bingxiao Ding","doi":"10.1177/1045389x241246827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389x241246827","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a new asymmetrical under-actuated micro-gripper which can perform twisting and gripping operation to the target simultaneously actuated by a single piezoelectric actuator. Two improved hybrid amplification mechanisms were designed integrated with three different flexure hinges to enhance dynamic performances. Kinematics and dynamics models of the micro-gripper including input stiffness, displacement amplification ratio, and natural frequency based on pseudo-rigid-body method and Lagrange’s equations were derived. Proposed models were evaluated by finite element simulation studies. Experimental results shown that our designed micro-gripper possesses good performance in terms of clamping reliability and dynamic response.","PeriodicalId":16121,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140840580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-25DOI: 10.1177/1045389x241244506
N. Mazzoleni, Matthew Bryant
Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing is a popular control system testing method because it bridges the gap between modeling/simulation and experiments. Instead of designing a full hardware-based experiment to validate the results of a simulation, the plant hardware can be replaced with an emulator device that responds to exogenous inputs and effectively emulates the dynamic behavior of a system. This approach can be more cost-effective and modular, since the emulated plant system can be modeled in a simulation environment, implemented on a simplified piece of hardware and changed quickly without having to fabricate new parts. This paper develops the hardware and control scheme for a certain type of HIL device called a dynamic load emulator that consists of a 1-DOF linear hydraulic dynamometer equipped with in-line sensing to measure both its own position and the force exerted on it by a device-under-test. This measured force is passed to a real-time model of the emulated dynamic system. The model outputs the emulated system position, and a closed-loop controller is used to emulate this position. The emulator controller incorporates both model-based feedforward and standard feedback PI control. This paper characterizes the dynamometer-based dynamic load emulator and its controller, determining its hardware limitations and validating its capabilities when experiencing a force input from a linear spring with known parameters. Additionally, this paper demonstrates the ability of the emulator to represent the dynamics of a 1-DOF robotic joint when actuated by a pair of fluidic artificial muscles (FAMs). The primary contribution of this work is to allow for more comprehensive testing of FAM configurations, topologies, and controllers for a wide range of parameters, because the same hardware can be used to emulate multiple systems. As a result, this work will lead to more cost-effective, time-efficient, and energy-efficient designs of robotic systems and the FAMs used to actuate them.
硬件在环（HIL）测试是一种流行的控制系统测试方法，因为它在建模/仿真和实验之间架起了一座桥梁。与其设计一个完整的基于硬件的实验来验证模拟结果，不如用一个仿真器设备来代替工厂硬件，该设备可对外部输入做出响应，并有效模拟系统的动态行为。这种方法更具成本效益和模块化，因为仿真设备系统可以在仿真环境中建模，在简化的硬件上实现，并且无需制造新部件即可快速更换。该设备由一个 1-DOF 线性液压测功机组成，配有在线传感装置，可测量自身位置和被测设备对其施加的力。测量到的力被传递给仿真动态系统的实时模型。模型输出仿真系统的位置，闭环控制器用于仿真该位置。仿真控制器包含基于模型的前馈和标准反馈 PI 控制。本文介绍了基于测功机的动态负载仿真器及其控制器的特点，确定了其硬件限制，并验证了其在承受已知参数线性弹簧的力输入时的能力。此外，本文还展示了仿真器在由一对流体人工肌肉（FAM）驱动时表示 1-DOF 机器人关节动态的能力。这项工作的主要贡献在于，由于相同的硬件可用于仿真多个系统，因此可针对各种参数对人工肌肉配置、拓扑结构和控制器进行更全面的测试。因此，这项工作将为机器人系统和用于驱动这些系统的机械臂设计带来更高的成本效益、时间效率和能源效率。
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