Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1177/1045389x241255537
J. Najd, W. Harizi, E. Zappino, Z. Aboura, Erasmo Carrera
In this study, the capacitance variation of piezoelectric polymeric transducers embedded in Polymer Matrix Composites (PMC) under monotonic tensile testing was studied. The aim was to draw out a comparison between the experimental and numerical results obtained via a high-order kinematics 2D model. In parallel, Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) including specimen temperature and Acoustic Emission (AE) signatures were obtained, and a Micro-tensile test was performed directly on the sensor material to further investigate the behaviour of capacitance of P(VDF-TRFE) films directly under tensile tests. The tensile tests were numerical modelled under static electro-mechanically coupled layer-wise 2D models. A sensitivity analysis was performed to determine the effects of the different parameters of the transducer. Under all the presented results, it was found that further investigation regarding the quantitative capacitance variation modelling needs to be carried out, as the presented modelling approach neglects capacitance non-linear behaviour, piezoelectric material discharge and the effects of capacitance measurement.
{"title":"Electrical capacitance and mechanical performances of embedded piezo-polymer transducers in polymer-matrix composites under monotonic tensile tests","authors":"J. Najd, W. Harizi, E. Zappino, Z. Aboura, Erasmo Carrera","doi":"10.1177/1045389x241255537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389x241255537","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the capacitance variation of piezoelectric polymeric transducers embedded in Polymer Matrix Composites (PMC) under monotonic tensile testing was studied. The aim was to draw out a comparison between the experimental and numerical results obtained via a high-order kinematics 2D model. In parallel, Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) including specimen temperature and Acoustic Emission (AE) signatures were obtained, and a Micro-tensile test was performed directly on the sensor material to further investigate the behaviour of capacitance of P(VDF-TRFE) films directly under tensile tests. The tensile tests were numerical modelled under static electro-mechanically coupled layer-wise 2D models. A sensitivity analysis was performed to determine the effects of the different parameters of the transducer. Under all the presented results, it was found that further investigation regarding the quantitative capacitance variation modelling needs to be carried out, as the presented modelling approach neglects capacitance non-linear behaviour, piezoelectric material discharge and the effects of capacitance measurement.","PeriodicalId":16121,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141929097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-05DOI: 10.1177/1045389x241265617
Scott Kennedy, Nicholas Vlajic, Edmon Perkins
Shape memory alloy morphing actuators are a type of composite soft actuator with many attractive properties such as large deformation, small form factor, self-sensing ability, and physical reservoir computing potential. These actuators are composed of active shape memory alloy wires and a passive material to magnify the overall deflection. However, the dynamic modeling of these actuators is difficult due to both shape memory alloy characteristics and the nonlinearity of the passive layer. Here, a hybrid dynamical model is proposed that couples the phase kinetics and thermal modeling for the shape memory alloy with a dynamic Cosserat beam model. This hybrid model is benchmarked against experimental linear and morphing actuators resulting in a root mean squared error of 0.87 mm for the linear actuator and root mean squared error of 1.34 and 1.42 mm for the two morphing actuator configurations evaluated in this work. This model applies continuous phase kinetic equations in a comprehensive hybrid dynamical model to accurately simulate the hysteretic transition of the alloy, which is then coupled to a high deformation beam model. This work can expand the capability and design of novel morphing actuators to achieve specified dynamic characteristics for increased application in robotic fields.
{"title":"Hybrid dynamical modeling of shape memory alloy actuators with phase kinetic equations","authors":"Scott Kennedy, Nicholas Vlajic, Edmon Perkins","doi":"10.1177/1045389x241265617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389x241265617","url":null,"abstract":"Shape memory alloy morphing actuators are a type of composite soft actuator with many attractive properties such as large deformation, small form factor, self-sensing ability, and physical reservoir computing potential. These actuators are composed of active shape memory alloy wires and a passive material to magnify the overall deflection. However, the dynamic modeling of these actuators is difficult due to both shape memory alloy characteristics and the nonlinearity of the passive layer. Here, a hybrid dynamical model is proposed that couples the phase kinetics and thermal modeling for the shape memory alloy with a dynamic Cosserat beam model. This hybrid model is benchmarked against experimental linear and morphing actuators resulting in a root mean squared error of 0.87 mm for the linear actuator and root mean squared error of 1.34 and 1.42 mm for the two morphing actuator configurations evaluated in this work. This model applies continuous phase kinetic equations in a comprehensive hybrid dynamical model to accurately simulate the hysteretic transition of the alloy, which is then coupled to a high deformation beam model. This work can expand the capability and design of novel morphing actuators to achieve specified dynamic characteristics for increased application in robotic fields.","PeriodicalId":16121,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141939798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1177/1045389x241261755
Huixing Wang, Kun Qian, Mengwei Du, Jiong Wang
To avoid performance degradation of the magnetorheological (MR) mount due to the traditional inside built-in coil structure and the settling of the MR fluid, a coil external MR mount featuring carefully-tailored MR grease considering sedimentation and zero-field viscosity balance is proposed and its dynamic performances are experimentally investigated. Firstly, a kind of composite lithium-based MR grease is firstly prepared by adjusting the content of Lithium based thickener in the lubricating grease matrix to meet the requirement of relatively low zero-field viscosity under the premise of maintaining stability, and its rheological properties under shear and squeeze mode are studied. Then the coil external MR mount operating in the radial valve-squeeze mixed mode is designed, with an evaluation of the magnetic circuit focusing on its capability to supply a satisfactory magnetic field. The dynamic behavior of coil external MR mount utilizing the carefully-tailored MR grease as the carrier fluid under various magnetic fields has been investigated using oscillatory cycles over a frequency range of 0.5–5 Hz for various displacement amplitudes from 0.5 to 1.5 mm. The results demonstrate that the novel MR grease mount could provide large damping force up to 17.81 kN with a limited stroke. Finally, a Bouc–Wen–Baber–Noori parametric model is proposed to describe the necking hysteretic behavior of the proposed MR grease mount, and a numerical study was conducted to investigate the effects of some key parameters of the model on force-displacement loops. It shows that the model agrees well with the experimental data and it can be used for the dynamics analysis and the real-time control.
{"title":"A coil external mount featuring carefully-tailored magnetorheological grease: Design, characterization, and modeling","authors":"Huixing Wang, Kun Qian, Mengwei Du, Jiong Wang","doi":"10.1177/1045389x241261755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389x241261755","url":null,"abstract":"To avoid performance degradation of the magnetorheological (MR) mount due to the traditional inside built-in coil structure and the settling of the MR fluid, a coil external MR mount featuring carefully-tailored MR grease considering sedimentation and zero-field viscosity balance is proposed and its dynamic performances are experimentally investigated. Firstly, a kind of composite lithium-based MR grease is firstly prepared by adjusting the content of Lithium based thickener in the lubricating grease matrix to meet the requirement of relatively low zero-field viscosity under the premise of maintaining stability, and its rheological properties under shear and squeeze mode are studied. Then the coil external MR mount operating in the radial valve-squeeze mixed mode is designed, with an evaluation of the magnetic circuit focusing on its capability to supply a satisfactory magnetic field. The dynamic behavior of coil external MR mount utilizing the carefully-tailored MR grease as the carrier fluid under various magnetic fields has been investigated using oscillatory cycles over a frequency range of 0.5–5 Hz for various displacement amplitudes from 0.5 to 1.5 mm. The results demonstrate that the novel MR grease mount could provide large damping force up to 17.81 kN with a limited stroke. Finally, a Bouc–Wen–Baber–Noori parametric model is proposed to describe the necking hysteretic behavior of the proposed MR grease mount, and a numerical study was conducted to investigate the effects of some key parameters of the model on force-displacement loops. It shows that the model agrees well with the experimental data and it can be used for the dynamics analysis and the real-time control.","PeriodicalId":16121,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141887143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-31DOI: 10.1177/1045389x241263878
Salvatore Garofalo, Chiara Morano, Michele Perrelli, Leonardo Pagnotta, Giuseppe Carbone, Domenico Mundo, Luigi Bruno
Brain injuries resulting from spinal cord injuries, strokes, or cerebral palsy are among the traumas most capable of compromising the motor activities of human limbs, hence the necessity for the development of exoskeletons dedicated to the rehabilitation of these organs. This review examines the landscape of actuators essential for the design of cutting-edge upper-limb rehabilitation exoskeletal structures. Beyond merely surveying the current types of actuators available, the paper aims to provide guidelines for selecting actuators that fit optimally with the objectives of upper-limb rehabilitation. The description starts with a brief discussion on the biomechanics of the upper limbs, focusing on the kinematics of pivotal joints (wrist, elbow, shoulder). Subsequently, the existing actuators are systematically reviewed, offering detailed insights into their primary features, operational principles, strengths, weaknesses, and noteworthy applications within the realm of rehabilitation robotics. After the discussion about the actuators, the paper advances by furnishing valuable guidelines for actuators’ selection tailored for upper limb rehabilitation. These guidelines discuss crucial factors, such as the forces required and the natural Range Of Motions (ROMs) of upper limb joints. Finally, the manuscript serves as a valuable resource for researchers, engineers, and practitioners involved in the development of innovative upper-limb rehabilitation devices.
{"title":"A critical review of transitioning from conventional actuators to artificial muscles in upper-limb rehabilitation devices","authors":"Salvatore Garofalo, Chiara Morano, Michele Perrelli, Leonardo Pagnotta, Giuseppe Carbone, Domenico Mundo, Luigi Bruno","doi":"10.1177/1045389x241263878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389x241263878","url":null,"abstract":"Brain injuries resulting from spinal cord injuries, strokes, or cerebral palsy are among the traumas most capable of compromising the motor activities of human limbs, hence the necessity for the development of exoskeletons dedicated to the rehabilitation of these organs. This review examines the landscape of actuators essential for the design of cutting-edge upper-limb rehabilitation exoskeletal structures. Beyond merely surveying the current types of actuators available, the paper aims to provide guidelines for selecting actuators that fit optimally with the objectives of upper-limb rehabilitation. The description starts with a brief discussion on the biomechanics of the upper limbs, focusing on the kinematics of pivotal joints (wrist, elbow, shoulder). Subsequently, the existing actuators are systematically reviewed, offering detailed insights into their primary features, operational principles, strengths, weaknesses, and noteworthy applications within the realm of rehabilitation robotics. After the discussion about the actuators, the paper advances by furnishing valuable guidelines for actuators’ selection tailored for upper limb rehabilitation. These guidelines discuss crucial factors, such as the forces required and the natural Range Of Motions (ROMs) of upper limb joints. Finally, the manuscript serves as a valuable resource for researchers, engineers, and practitioners involved in the development of innovative upper-limb rehabilitation devices.","PeriodicalId":16121,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141867819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-28DOI: 10.1177/1045389x241262396
Jie Wu, Hongyang Xie, Hao Huang, Bingbing Deng
The coupling analysis of the magnetic field and temperature field of a multi-drum dual-coil magnetorheological (MR) brake is presented in this article. Firstly, the structure of the multi-drum dual-coil MR brake is introduced, and a prototype is manufactured. Thermal analysis of the designed brake is carried out, and a torque correction factor is proposed in order to reduce the error between simulation and experimental results. Then, a coupling analysis model of the magnetic field and temperature is established to study the temperature analysis of the brake under steady-state and transient condition. Simulation results show that the allowable slip power in steady state is 23.68 W. The highest temperature occurs in the fluid gap, and the lowest temperature occurs at the shaft. Under the transient state, the brake can work for about 1200 s under 75.08 W slip power. Furthermore, the temperature characteristics of MR brake under the normal braking, emergency braking, and intermittent braking have been studied. An experimental platform is built to study the torque and temperature characteristics. Results show that the simulated temperature is in good agreement with the experiments, indicating that the proposed magnetic-temperature coupling model can accurately simulate the temperature characteristics of the MR brake.
本文介绍了多滚筒双线圈磁流变（MR）制动器的磁场和温度场耦合分析。首先介绍了多滚筒双线圈磁流变制动器的结构，并制作了原型。对所设计的制动器进行了热分析，并提出了扭矩修正系数，以减小模拟和实验结果之间的误差。然后，建立了磁场与温度的耦合分析模型，研究了制动器在稳态和瞬态条件下的温度分析。仿真结果表明，稳定状态下的允许滑差功率为 23.68 W。最高温度出现在流体间隙，最低温度出现在轴。在瞬态条件下，制动器可在 75.08 W 的滑差功率下工作约 1200 秒。此外，还研究了 MR 制动器在正常制动、紧急制动和间歇制动时的温度特性。建立了一个实验平台来研究扭矩和温度特性。结果表明，模拟温度与实验结果十分吻合，表明所提出的磁温耦合模型能够准确模拟磁共振制动器的温度特性。
{"title":"Magnetic-temperature coupling analysis of a multi-drum dual-coil magnetorheological fluid brake","authors":"Jie Wu, Hongyang Xie, Hao Huang, Bingbing Deng","doi":"10.1177/1045389x241262396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389x241262396","url":null,"abstract":"The coupling analysis of the magnetic field and temperature field of a multi-drum dual-coil magnetorheological (MR) brake is presented in this article. Firstly, the structure of the multi-drum dual-coil MR brake is introduced, and a prototype is manufactured. Thermal analysis of the designed brake is carried out, and a torque correction factor is proposed in order to reduce the error between simulation and experimental results. Then, a coupling analysis model of the magnetic field and temperature is established to study the temperature analysis of the brake under steady-state and transient condition. Simulation results show that the allowable slip power in steady state is 23.68 W. The highest temperature occurs in the fluid gap, and the lowest temperature occurs at the shaft. Under the transient state, the brake can work for about 1200 s under 75.08 W slip power. Furthermore, the temperature characteristics of MR brake under the normal braking, emergency braking, and intermittent braking have been studied. An experimental platform is built to study the torque and temperature characteristics. Results show that the simulated temperature is in good agreement with the experiments, indicating that the proposed magnetic-temperature coupling model can accurately simulate the temperature characteristics of the MR brake.","PeriodicalId":16121,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.1177/1045389x241265155
Liming Zhou, He Zhu, Zhong Zhang, Fei Cheng
Accurate mechanical analysis is essential for reliable utilization of piezoelectric composite materials (PCMs). Isogeometric analysis (IGA) of PCMs (termed PCMIGA) based on the asymptotic homogenization method (AHM) is presented in this study and employed to investigate the static mechanical characteristics of PCMs. PCMIGA provides accurate curve representation and shorter preprocessing time, and thus demonstrates both precision and efficiency. First, AHM is utilized to calculate the effective parameters of PCMs at different volume fractions. Next, these effective parameters are combined with the basic equations and boundary conditions of PCMs to derive equations of PCMIGA based on AHM. Finally, the results from several numerical examples are compared with the reference solution to validate the convergence and precision. PCMIGA is proven to be a reliable and accurate method for analyzing the mechanical properties of PCMs.
{"title":"Electro-mechanical coupling isogeometric analysis of static characteristics in piezoelectric composite materials based on asymptotic homogenization method","authors":"Liming Zhou, He Zhu, Zhong Zhang, Fei Cheng","doi":"10.1177/1045389x241265155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389x241265155","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate mechanical analysis is essential for reliable utilization of piezoelectric composite materials (PCMs). Isogeometric analysis (IGA) of PCMs (termed PCMIGA) based on the asymptotic homogenization method (AHM) is presented in this study and employed to investigate the static mechanical characteristics of PCMs. PCMIGA provides accurate curve representation and shorter preprocessing time, and thus demonstrates both precision and efficiency. First, AHM is utilized to calculate the effective parameters of PCMs at different volume fractions. Next, these effective parameters are combined with the basic equations and boundary conditions of PCMs to derive equations of PCMIGA based on AHM. Finally, the results from several numerical examples are compared with the reference solution to validate the convergence and precision. PCMIGA is proven to be a reliable and accurate method for analyzing the mechanical properties of PCMs.","PeriodicalId":16121,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141775042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.1177/1045389x241257719
Weijun Li, Kun Lin, Kaifa Wang, Baolin Wang
The vibration responses of a sandwich beam with partially covered by shear thickening fluid (STF) layer under an impact load are investigated. The nonlinear governing equations of the flexural vibration are derived based on extended Hamilton’s principle and are solved by the finite difference method. The model is then validated and used to develop a complete parametric study of partially covered beams with the STF-filled core to properly design and place the STF patch. It is found that, for the first vibration mode, maximum damping, and the smallest change in the natural frequency are achieved when the coverage length of the partial STF patch exceeds 50% and the center of the patch is positioned at 56.25% from the left edge. For the second vibration mode, the coverage length is 37.5% and the center of the patch is located at 75% from the left edge of the beam. Additionally, it has been observed that maintaining a thickness ratio of 0.75 between the constraining layer and the base beam leads to increased damping, while simultaneously minimizing alterations in the natural frequency of the original beam. The results can be used for the structural design of sandwich beams partially covered by STF.
{"title":"Vibration analysis of a partially covered beam with a shear thickening fluid core","authors":"Weijun Li, Kun Lin, Kaifa Wang, Baolin Wang","doi":"10.1177/1045389x241257719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389x241257719","url":null,"abstract":"The vibration responses of a sandwich beam with partially covered by shear thickening fluid (STF) layer under an impact load are investigated. The nonlinear governing equations of the flexural vibration are derived based on extended Hamilton’s principle and are solved by the finite difference method. The model is then validated and used to develop a complete parametric study of partially covered beams with the STF-filled core to properly design and place the STF patch. It is found that, for the first vibration mode, maximum damping, and the smallest change in the natural frequency are achieved when the coverage length of the partial STF patch exceeds 50% and the center of the patch is positioned at 56.25% from the left edge. For the second vibration mode, the coverage length is 37.5% and the center of the patch is located at 75% from the left edge of the beam. Additionally, it has been observed that maintaining a thickness ratio of 0.75 between the constraining layer and the base beam leads to increased damping, while simultaneously minimizing alterations in the natural frequency of the original beam. The results can be used for the structural design of sandwich beams partially covered by STF.","PeriodicalId":16121,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141775045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.1177/1045389x241259371
Taha Ajnada, Yves Bernard, Laurent Daniel
The paper presents the snap-through of a bistable system using piezoelectric (PZ) actuation. The bistable system consists of a pre-buckled beam fixed between two jaws. The bistability and snap-through of the beam are modelled using two approaches. An analytical model is first implemented. The results are compared to a full finite element simulation. These modelling approaches are used to find the optimal positioning of the PZ patches used for switching. The PZ-actuated snap-through is then modelled using both an analytical equivalent moment model and finite element simulations. An experimental validation setup is developed accordingly. The validation addresses all aspects of the modelling: bistability, snap-through and PZ-actuated snap-through. For the latter two configurations were studied, namely a switching actuated by a single PZ patch or by two patches. A remarkable agreement is found between both modelling approaches and experimental measurements. The proposed analytical modelling tool can be used for rapid pre-design of bistable devices. It is for instance shown that a centimetre-scale steel-device with an initial transverse displacement about 1 mm can be switched with a few-Newton force or alternatively with a few hundreds of Volts using a PZ patch.
{"title":"Snap-through of a bistable beam using piezoelectric actuation","authors":"Taha Ajnada, Yves Bernard, Laurent Daniel","doi":"10.1177/1045389x241259371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389x241259371","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the snap-through of a bistable system using piezoelectric (PZ) actuation. The bistable system consists of a pre-buckled beam fixed between two jaws. The bistability and snap-through of the beam are modelled using two approaches. An analytical model is first implemented. The results are compared to a full finite element simulation. These modelling approaches are used to find the optimal positioning of the PZ patches used for switching. The PZ-actuated snap-through is then modelled using both an analytical equivalent moment model and finite element simulations. An experimental validation setup is developed accordingly. The validation addresses all aspects of the modelling: bistability, snap-through and PZ-actuated snap-through. For the latter two configurations were studied, namely a switching actuated by a single PZ patch or by two patches. A remarkable agreement is found between both modelling approaches and experimental measurements. The proposed analytical modelling tool can be used for rapid pre-design of bistable devices. It is for instance shown that a centimetre-scale steel-device with an initial transverse displacement about 1 mm can be switched with a few-Newton force or alternatively with a few hundreds of Volts using a PZ patch.","PeriodicalId":16121,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141775041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.1177/1045389x241260976
Maryne Febvre, Jonathan Rodriguez, Simon Chesne, Manuel Collet
Piezoelectric transducers are used within smart structures to create functions such as energy harvesting, wave propagation or vibration control to prevent human discomfort, material fatigue, and instability. The design of the structure becomes more complex with shape optimization and the integration of multiple transducers. Most active vibration control strategies require the tuning of multiple parameters. In addition, the optimization of control methods has to consider experimental uncertainties and the global effect of local actuation. This paper presents the use of a Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) algorithm to tune a pseudo lead-lag controller on an experimental smart cantilever beam. The algorithm is trained to maximize a reward function that represents the objective of vibration mitigation. An experimental model is estimated from measurements to accelerate the DRL’s interaction with the environment. The paper compares DRL tuning strategies with [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] norm minimization approaches. It demonstrates the efficiency of DRL tuning by comparing the control performance of the different tuning methods on the model and experimental setup.
{"title":"Deep reinforcement learning for tuning active vibration control on a smart piezoelectric beam","authors":"Maryne Febvre, Jonathan Rodriguez, Simon Chesne, Manuel Collet","doi":"10.1177/1045389x241260976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389x241260976","url":null,"abstract":"Piezoelectric transducers are used within smart structures to create functions such as energy harvesting, wave propagation or vibration control to prevent human discomfort, material fatigue, and instability. The design of the structure becomes more complex with shape optimization and the integration of multiple transducers. Most active vibration control strategies require the tuning of multiple parameters. In addition, the optimization of control methods has to consider experimental uncertainties and the global effect of local actuation. This paper presents the use of a Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) algorithm to tune a pseudo lead-lag controller on an experimental smart cantilever beam. The algorithm is trained to maximize a reward function that represents the objective of vibration mitigation. An experimental model is estimated from measurements to accelerate the DRL’s interaction with the environment. The paper compares DRL tuning strategies with [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] norm minimization approaches. It demonstrates the efficiency of DRL tuning by comparing the control performance of the different tuning methods on the model and experimental setup.","PeriodicalId":16121,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141775046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.1177/1045389x241256830
Nathan Sell, Tom Feehally, Andrew Plummer, Peter Wilson, Jonathan du Bois, Nigel Johnston, Jens Roesner, Andrea De Bartolomeis, Tom Love
Traditional valve-controlled hydraulic cylinders are usually very inefficient due to power loss through the control valve. An efficient alternative architecture is to distribute power electrically rather than hydraulically to a group of cylinders and drive each cylinder via individual servomotor-driven pumps. This arrangement is called electrohydrostatic actuation. Such actuators are currently available for power ratings of several hundred watts or greater, but not in the sub-100 W range. This paper details the design, simulation and testing of a piezopump which is intended to address this gap. The motivation is for aerospace applications, and in particular accessory actuators used in the landing gear system. The 10–100 W range is a high-power output for a piezopump, and to achieve this a novel design using disc-style reed valves was developed to allow pumping frequencies above 1 kHz. These high frequencies necessitated the development of custom power electronics capable of delivering 950 V peak-peak sine wave excitation to a largely capacitive load. Experimental results show that the piezopump is capable of delivering over 30 W of hydraulic power, and at no-load can deliver up to 2 L/min of flow at 1250 Hz. Future development includes a transition to multi-cylinder pumps, and improved reed-valve modelling to improve the accuracy of simulated performance.
传统的阀控液压缸通常效率很低，因为控制阀会造成功率损失。一种高效的替代结构是通过电力而不是液压将动力分配到一组油缸，并通过单独的伺服电机驱动泵来驱动每个油缸。这种安排称为静电流体传动。目前，这种执行器的额定功率为几百瓦或更大，但还没有低于 100 瓦的执行器。本文详细介绍了压电泵的设计、模拟和测试，旨在弥补这一不足。其动机是用于航空航天应用，特别是起落架系统中使用的附件致动器。10-100 W 的功率范围对于压电泵来说是很高的输出功率，为了实现这一目标，我们开发了一种使用圆盘式簧片阀的新颖设计，允许泵送频率超过 1 kHz。由于频率较高，因此有必要开发定制的功率电子器件，以便能够向大电容负载提供峰值为 950 V 的正弦波激励。实验结果表明，压泵能够提供 30 W 以上的液压功率，空载时在 1250 Hz 的频率下可提供高达 2 L/min 的流量。未来的发展包括过渡到多缸泵，以及改进簧片阀建模，以提高模拟性能的准确性。
{"title":"Design and testing of a high power piezo pump for hydraulic actuation","authors":"Nathan Sell, Tom Feehally, Andrew Plummer, Peter Wilson, Jonathan du Bois, Nigel Johnston, Jens Roesner, Andrea De Bartolomeis, Tom Love","doi":"10.1177/1045389x241256830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389x241256830","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional valve-controlled hydraulic cylinders are usually very inefficient due to power loss through the control valve. An efficient alternative architecture is to distribute power electrically rather than hydraulically to a group of cylinders and drive each cylinder via individual servomotor-driven pumps. This arrangement is called electrohydrostatic actuation. Such actuators are currently available for power ratings of several hundred watts or greater, but not in the sub-100 W range. This paper details the design, simulation and testing of a piezopump which is intended to address this gap. The motivation is for aerospace applications, and in particular accessory actuators used in the landing gear system. The 10–100 W range is a high-power output for a piezopump, and to achieve this a novel design using disc-style reed valves was developed to allow pumping frequencies above 1 kHz. These high frequencies necessitated the development of custom power electronics capable of delivering 950 V peak-peak sine wave excitation to a largely capacitive load. Experimental results show that the piezopump is capable of delivering over 30 W of hydraulic power, and at no-load can deliver up to 2 L/min of flow at 1250 Hz. Future development includes a transition to multi-cylinder pumps, and improved reed-valve modelling to improve the accuracy of simulated performance.","PeriodicalId":16121,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141775043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：