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IMPORTANT TRENDS IN THE APPLICATION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION 高等教育中数字技术应用的重要趋势
Pub Date : 2019-09-19 DOI: 10.36078/987654372
These days information technology has held a firm place in all aspects of human life and activity. These tendencies are leading to positive changes, such as the development of various fields, professional and personal growth of people. Likewise, information and communication technologies have already been able to find important place in education as well.On this occasion, there have been adopted several Presidential and higher education ministry decrees in our country. The introduction of Moodle Electronic Education System, the organization of online courses, the introduction of blended courses, the open-source (MOOC-Massive Open Online Course) courses in higher education institutions are examples of the development of digital technology in education. The possibility of students mobility in the internet, search and retrieval of information, to study at any place and time, and many other advantages make learning and teaching comfortable. Modern technology has specific goals such as facilitation of learning and teaching instructional and learning activities, making a learning process interesting, assessment, managing information, combining data, communicating, developing relationships between a teacher-learner and parents, and facilitating professional collaboration and professional development. The objective of this trend in education is not only to educate students and to increase students' computer literacy and information technology, but also to encourage independent and creative thinking and self-expression of learners.According to UNESCO and NMC Horizon Media Consortium report, digital literacy has become a integral part of education aiming to shape lifelong learning skills of students, which can assist them later to be employed and to continue education independently.
如今,信息技术已经在人类生活和活动的各个方面占据了稳固的地位。这些趋势正在导致积极的变化,如各个领域的发展,专业和个人的成长。同样,信息和通信技术也已经能够在教育中找到重要的位置。在此之际,我国通过了几项总统和高等教育部的法令。Moodle电子教育系统的引入、在线课程的组织、混合式课程的引入、开放源代码(MOOC-Massive Open online Course)课程等都是高等教育中数字技术发展的例子。学生可以在互联网上移动,搜索和检索信息,在任何地点和时间学习,以及其他许多优势使学习和教学舒适。现代技术具有特定的目标,如促进学习和教学活动,使学习过程变得有趣,评估,管理信息,组合数据,沟通,发展教师-学习者和家长之间的关系,促进专业协作和专业发展。这种教育趋势的目标不仅是教育学生,提高学生的计算机素养和信息技术,而且还鼓励学习者的独立和创造性思维和自我表达。根据联合国教科文组织和NMC地平线媒体联盟的报告,数字素养已成为教育的一个组成部分,旨在塑造学生的终身学习技能,这可以帮助他们以后就业和继续独立教育。
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引用次数: 0
YOUNG ADULTS' PROBLEMS REFLECTED IN CONTEMPORARY LITERATURE 当代文学反映的青年问题
Pub Date : 2019-09-19 DOI: 10.36078/987654360
Ijobat Juraeva
The problems of young people attract the scholars of different spheres, and literature in particular. Young people were depicted under the influence of psychological, social and economic situations. The 20th century literature pays more attention to the psychological aspects of young people’s development. In previous studies on young adults’ literature, different social aspects have been found to be related to the development of young people’s psyche. However, not enough attention has been paid to an individual as the part of the whole social strata. Early examples of research into young adults’ literature include Ya. N. Zasurskiy, A.S. Mulyarchik, T. Morozova. Only in the past 50 years of studies literature directly addressed the problem, on how an individual represents the whole society. The article investigates some essential youth problems at the turn of 20-21st centuries reflected in contemporary American literature. The article highlights some important research issues conducted in this field as well as the literary works which need to be studied. The issues like teenagers’ behavior at school, their relationships inside their families,community impact on teenagers’ world vision are reflected. In addition, the impacts of socially abandoned people, who united into groups and developed a subculture, on young people’s lives are shown.
年轻人的问题吸引了各个领域的学者,尤其是文学学者。青年人在心理、社会和经济状况的影响下被描绘出来。20世纪的文学更加关注青少年发展的心理方面。在以往对青年文学的研究中,已经发现不同的社会方面与年轻人的心理发展有关。然而,个人作为整个社会阶层的一部分,却没有得到足够的重视。早期研究年轻人文学的例子包括《雅》。N. Zasurskiy, A.S. Mulyarchik, T. Morozova。只有在过去50年的研究中,文献才直接解决了这个问题,即个人如何代表整个社会。本文探讨了20-21世纪之交美国当代文学中所反映的一些重要的青年问题。文章重点介绍了该领域的一些重要研究问题以及需要研究的文学作品。反映了青少年在学校的行为、家庭关系、社区对青少年世界观的影响等问题。此外,还展示了被社会抛弃的人联合成群体并形成亚文化对年轻人生活的影响。
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引用次数: 0
NEW APPROACHES IN THE INVESTIGATION OF STYLISTIC DEVICES AND THEIR TYPOLOGY 文体手段及其类型学研究的新途径
Pub Date : 2019-09-19 DOI: 10.36078/987654374
Rusana Sinjapova
The author of the article defines different approaches of traditional and cognitive stylistics to the notion of a stylistic device and classification of stylistic devices; from the position of traditional stylistics different classifications of stylistic devices introduced by I.A. Galperin, V.A. Kuharenko, Y. M. Screbnev, I. V. Arnold are presented. In addition, the problem of analysis of stylistic devices is considered from the position of cognitive linguistics which enables to present a stylistic device as a cognitive structure. From the cognitive perspective, two principles of classification of stylistic devices are analyzed: the principle of knowledge structures and the principle of conceptual integration.
本文界定了传统文体学和认知文体学对文体手段概念和文体手段分类的不同看法;从传统文体学的角度对加尔佩林、库哈连科、斯克雷布涅夫、阿诺德等人提出的文体手段进行了不同的分类。此外,本文还从认知语言学的角度考虑了文体手段的分析问题,使文体手段成为一种认知结构。从认知角度分析了文体手段分类的两大原则:知识结构原则和概念整合原则。
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引用次数: 0
DEVELOPING COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE BY IMPLEMENTING PROJECT BASED-LEARNING IN ESP CLASSES 在esp课堂中实施项目式学习,培养交际能力
Pub Date : 2019-09-19 DOI: 10.36078/987654373
Hayotkhon Shernazarova
Higher education plays an important role in developing communicative skills of ESP learners. ESP is oriented towards mastering the skills for professional communication. However, most of the students find themselves incompetent in the course of their work. The article discusses the benefits of using a project work to history students to improve their speaking skills as well as professional communication. The topicality of the article is determined by the fact that the projects proposed have not been actively introduced into curriculum designed for history students.The article is aimed at analyzing the problems the teachers face in teaching process. It proposes six methods for teachers as practical advice that can be used effectively to master students’ speaking skills at the end of the project. The results show that implementing project is very effective in improving speaking, critical thinking skills, creativity, and how to manage the time.The purpose of the article is to encourage ESP students to learn English through introducing new approaches to teaching. The author indicates that applying project work to language learning raises the academic achievement in which students explore the real world challenges.
高等教育在培养ESP学习者的交际能力方面发挥着重要作用。ESP以掌握专业的沟通技巧为导向。然而,大多数学生发现自己在工作过程中无能为力。本文讨论了利用专题作业来提高历史系学生的口语能力和专业沟通能力的好处。这篇文章的话题性是由这样一个事实决定的,即所提出的项目并没有被积极地引入到历史系学生的课程中。本文旨在分析教师在教学过程中面临的问题。它为教师提出了六种实用的建议,可以在项目结束时有效地掌握学生的口语技能。结果表明,实施项目对提高口语、批判性思维能力、创造力和时间管理能力非常有效。本文的目的是通过引入新的教学方法来鼓励ESP学生学习英语。作者指出,将项目工作应用于语言学习可以提高学生在探索现实世界挑战中的学术成就。
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引用次数: 2
THE USE OF CASE STUDY METHOD IN TEACHING THE TERMINOLOGY IN THE FIELD OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY 案例教学法在农业机械专业术语教学中的应用
Pub Date : 2019-09-19 DOI: 10.36078/987654370
The scientific research works concerning the field of mechanical engineering such as, manufacturing machine slate, soil tillage, sowing and harvesting based on the requirements for the implementation of agrotechnical measures for the cultivation of plants in its transportation, through the development of mastering new types of high-performance and energy-saving machines in manufacturing machine slate, creation of multifunctional machines, allowing simultaneous soil cultivation, by means of several planting operations, integration of agricultural machine designs are taken into account in manufacturing of the local universal tractor designed basing on high ergonomic indicators. For this reason, this article explores the use of case studies in teaching agricultural terminology by means analyzing the researches in machine building. Case study method was firstly used in 1870 in Harvard University of Law School in the United States. Also in the article, we give the examples of agricultural machine-building terms, teaching terminology and case methods, case study process and case studies method itself. The research works in the field of mechanical engineering and the use of case studies in teaching terminology have also been analyzed. In addition, the requirements for the development of case study tasks are given in their practical didactic nature. We also give case study models that allow us analyzing and evaluating students' activities.
根据实施植物运输栽培农业技术措施的要求,通过开发掌握新型高性能、节能的制造机械板板机,创造多功能机械,实现土壤同时耕作,开展制造机械板板、土壤耕作、播种和收获等机械工程领域的科学研究工作;通过多种种植作业,考虑农机设计的一体化,设计了基于高工效指标的国产通用拖拉机。为此,本文通过对机械制造专业研究的分析,探讨了案例教学法在农业专业术语教学中的应用。1870年,美国哈佛大学法学院首次使用案例研究法。本文还举例说明了农业机械制造术语、教学术语和案例方法、案例研究过程和案例研究方法本身。本文还分析了机械工程领域的研究工作以及案例研究在教学术语中的应用。此外,案例研究任务的发展要求在其实际教学性质中给出。我们还提供了案例研究模型,使我们能够分析和评估学生的活动。
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引用次数: 0
SOME PROBLEMS OF NEWS EDITING 新闻编辑的几个问题
Pub Date : 2019-09-19 DOI: 10.36078/987654364
The article deals with the problems of news editing, common errors, shortcomings and the reasons of this kind of mistakes.Use of an incorrect word in a text demonstrates that journalists need to know the meaning of every word they use. If this occurs because a journalist is inexperienced or young, the editor has to shoulder all the responsibility. An incorrect word, a phrase or a sign has been found to be confusing for readers in many circumstances. It is recommended that using words that can cause arguments or change the meaning of the text should be avoided.The phrases such as “the weight of a word, feeling the word” can be utilized in journalistic genres. A journalist, who knows the meaning of words and who can feel the word, can express his or her ideas in brief texts. This ability is developed because of non-stop reading, researching and editing frequently. In many circumstances, a word or a phrase, proverbs are used unsuitably. Correspondents are likely to use them without thinking or not understanding the real meaning. Sometimes, they cannot find words, which are “on the tip of their tongue”, but editors do. In conclusion, being an editor requires a person to have broad horizons, vigilance, attention to detail and high level of literacy and many other qualities. These qualities are formed through hard study. In order to achieve this,The Creative Union of Journalists of Uzbekistan and its regional offices, and relevant funds should work systematically. Apart from that, in order to reduce the number of errors editors make, it is vital to create dictionaries and handbooks for frequently made mistakes.
文章论述了新闻编辑中存在的问题、常见的错误、存在的不足以及产生这些错误的原因。在文章中使用错误的单词表明记者需要知道他们使用的每个单词的意思。如果因为记者缺乏经验或年轻而发生这种情况,编辑必须承担所有责任。人们发现,在很多情况下,一个不正确的单词、短语或符号会让读者感到困惑。建议避免使用可能引起争论或改变文本含义的单词。诸如“一个词的分量,感受这个词”之类的短语可以在新闻体裁中使用。一个记者,谁知道单词的意思,谁能感觉到单词,可以表达他或她的想法在简短的文本。这种能力的发展是由于不间断的阅读、研究和频繁的编辑。在许多情况下,一个词或一个短语,谚语被不恰当地使用。通信者很可能不经思考就使用它们或不理解其真正含义。有时,他们找不到“在舌尖上”的词,但编辑们却能找到。总之,作为一个编辑需要一个人有广阔的视野,警惕性,注意细节和高水平的文化和许多其他素质。这些品质是通过努力学习形成的。为此,乌兹别克斯坦记者创意联盟及其各地区办事处和有关基金应系统开展工作。除此之外,为了减少编辑犯的错误,为经常犯的错误创建字典和手册是至关重要的。
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引用次数: 0
THE MEANS OF REVEALING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF SPEECH ACTS 揭示言语行为意义的手段
Pub Date : 2019-09-19 DOI: 10.36078/987654363
The article is devoted to the scientific and theoretical analysis of the devices actualizing the content of the speech statements, since any speaker tries to fulfill his/her speech motions appropriately to the expected result.The practice of reaching a pragmatic effect in the communication, at the time of fulfilling the speech statements with special emphasis and precision, may have some specific nuances. In such process the speaker creates a speech statement delivering the information directly to the listener. This speech statement is neither lexical or grammatical phenomenon, but a pragmatic unit.Social role of interlocutors is of concern in choosing particular pragmatic-modal variant of the speech structure. The very process urges the following: 1) the characteristics of the person from birth (sex, nationality, nation); 2) social status; 3) position in a certain situation.
本文致力于对言语语句内容的实现手段进行科学和理论的分析,因为任何说话者都试图适当地完成他/她的言语动作以达到预期的结果。在交际中达到语用效果的实践中,在特别强调和精确地完成言语陈述的同时,可能会有一些特定的细微差别。在这个过程中,说话者创建一个演讲语句,将信息直接传递给听者。这句话既不是词汇现象,也不是语法现象,而是一个语用单位。对话者的社会角色是选择特定语用情态变体的重要因素。这个过程要求以下几点:1)人的出生特征(性别、国籍、民族);2)社会地位;3)在某种情况下的位置。
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引用次数: 0
CHILDHOOD, WOMANHOOD AND FAMILY PERSPECTIVES ON THE EXAMPLE OF KHALED HOISSEINI’S WORKS 以哈立德·霍伊西尼的作品为例,从童年、女性和家庭的角度看问题
Pub Date : 2019-09-19 DOI: 10.36078/987654359
D. Ruzmatova
The present research focuses on the analysis of the novels “The Kite Runner”, “A Thousand Splendid Suns”, “And the Mountains Echoed” by Afghan-born American writer Khaled Hosseini in line with the major characteristics of childhood, womanhood and family perspectives. Considering those perspectives found in this research, it is obvious that Hosseini globally demonstrates the real outlook of his nation and country, and moreover establishes that having peace and wealth is the life meaning for Afghan people the same as other, human beings. There are different literary perspectives in the studies of literature as archetypal, formalist, psychoanalytical, social-class, gender, feministic and historical. Hosseini’s works are interpreted, analyzed and criticized by using the historical perspective, which definitely show their contextual and discursive meaning in terms of diaspora literature. The childhood perspective is depicted in “The Kite Runner” via three personages of the novel Amir, Hassan and Sukhrob, moreover the writer describes the fate of Afghan people inside and outside of Afghanistan and can determine the problems of the people in diaspora. In “A Thousand Splendid Suns”, which deals with the problems of Afghan women, the author skillfully demonstrates the terrible conditions of females in pre-in-post Taliban periods on the example of two wives Mariam and Laila belonging to one man. The next work devoted to a family perspective “And the Mountains Echoed” gives the images of more than twenty various families from different parts of the world. Pariand Abdulla are the major characters of the novel and they are separated from each other in their childhood, yet reunited in their aged years when the value of memory and feelings lose their importance because of time and place correlation.
本文主要从童年、女性和家庭视角三个方面对阿富汗裔美国作家胡塞尼的小说《追风筝的人》、《灿烂千日》和《群山回响》进行分析。考虑到在这项研究中发现的这些观点,很明显,胡塞尼在全球范围内展示了他的民族和国家的真实面貌,而且确立了拥有和平与财富是阿富汗人民和其他人类一样的生活意义。在文学研究中有不同的文学视角,如原型主义、形式主义、精神分析主义、社会阶级、性别、女性主义和历史主义。从历史的角度对胡塞尼的作品进行解读、分析和批判,从散居文学的角度明确地显示出其语境和话语意义。《追风筝的人》通过小说中的阿米尔、哈桑和苏克罗布三个人物来描绘童年的视角,并且作者描述了阿富汗人在阿富汗境内和境外的命运,可以确定散居海外的人的问题。在描写阿富汗妇女问题的《灿烂的一千个太阳》中,作者以一个男人的两个妻子玛丽亚姆和莱拉为例,巧妙地展示了塔利班统治前妇女的可怕处境。下一幅作品《群山回响》致力于家庭视角,展示了来自世界不同地区的二十多个不同家庭的图像。Pariand Abdulla是小说的主要人物,他们在童年时彼此分离,但在他们年老时,由于时间和地点的关联,记忆和情感的价值失去了重要性。
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引用次数: 0
ANALYSIS OF LINGVOCULTURAL PHRASES IN THE MEDIATEXT 媒介文本中的语言文化短语分析
Pub Date : 2019-09-19 DOI: 10.36078/987654365
The article deals with the analysis of cultural linguistic phrases in the media text. Mass information plays an important role in the continuation of language operations. This is determined by the qualitative changes in the general linguistic culture, and not only by the changes that have occurred due to the introduction of new information technologies. One of the most important issues facing modern linguistics is the study of functional methods of speech, the definition of their language features, the disclosure of the functional features of language units in the style of speech and their division into language facts. It is well known that the phrase is a product of the second nomination, which directly reflects the national mentality and worldview of the nation. In other words, phrases are also one of the main sources for accepting and preserving national cultural information, because the reflection of phrases is part of the national norm. The cognitive tendency, which is part of linguistic research, not only uses cognitive abilities, but also realizes the cultural meaning of the formulated phrase. In the linguistic direction, phrases served as objects for several studies. Taking this into account, the author of the article gives examples of phrases in the media that are unique to culture.
本文对媒体语篇中的文化语言短语进行了分析。海量信息在语言操作的延续中起着重要作用。这是由一般语言文化的质变决定的,而不仅仅是由于引入新的信息技术而发生的变化。现代语言学面临的最重要的问题之一是研究言语的功能方法,定义其语言特征,揭示言语风格中语言单位的功能特征,并将其划分为语言事实。众所周知,这句话是第二次提名的产物,直接反映了这个国家的国民心态和世界观。换句话说,短语也是接受和保存民族文化信息的主要来源之一,因为短语的反映是民族规范的一部分。认知倾向是语言学研究的一部分,它不仅使用认知能力,而且实现了所形成的短语的文化意义。在语言学的方向上,短语是一些研究的对象。考虑到这一点,文章的作者给出了媒体中文化特有的短语的例子。
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引用次数: 0
CONSTELLATIONS D’ETOILES AUTOUR D’OULUG BEG 奥卢格贝格附近的星团
Pub Date : 2019-06-20 DOI: 10.36078/987654341
Si Timur est bien connu, un de ses petit-fils Ulug Beg l’est moins. Mais parmi les quatre filsde Shahrukh ibn Timur que l’on reconnaît comme mécènes de la culture matérielle de l’époqueTimuride, le premier-né Muhammad Taragaï,appelé dès son plus jeune âge Ulug Beg “grandprince”, est en général perçu comme le “princeastronome”. Mais cet intérêt, ou mieux cette maîtrise, révèle seulement une partie des intérêts pluslarges de ce prince, qui s’occupait du patronagedes institutions et des objets de toutes catégories,les sciences et les arts de son époque y compris.Ce patronage a donné à tous les princes de la maison de Timur la renommée qu’ils ont aujourd’hui.
虽然帖木儿很出名,但他的孙子乌卢格·贝格(Ulug Beg)就不那么出名了。但在被认为是帖木儿时代物质文化赞助人的沙鲁克·伊本·帖木儿的四个儿子中,长子穆罕默德·塔拉盖(Muhammad taragai)在很小的时候就被称为乌卢格·贝格(Ulug Beg),通常被认为是“天文学家王子”。但这种兴趣,或者更确切地说,这种精通,只是这位王子更广泛兴趣的一部分,他关心各种机构和物品的赞助,包括他那个时代的科学和艺术。这种赞助使帖木儿家族的所有王子都有了今天的名声。
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引用次数: 0
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Philology matters
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