Pub Date : 2024-03-16DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.051
Lijie Chen, Qianze Peng, Xiaohua Du, Weixing Zhang, Ju'e Cheng, Shu'e Sun, Deyong Zhang, Pin Su, Yong Liu
Plant virus causes massive crop losses globally. However, there is currently no effective measure to control plant viral disease. Previously, we identify an antiviral protein Rhp-PSP, produced by the bacterial strain JSC-3b. In this study, we discover that the antiviral activity of Rhp-PSP relies on its endoribonuclease activity. Convert the arginine (R) residue at position 129 onto alanine (A) abolish its endoribonuclease activity on coat protein (CP) RNA of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), consequentially, compromised the antiviral activity of Rhp-PSP. Further investigation demonstrates that, the mutant Rhp-PSP is unable to form the homotrimer as the wild type, indicating the importance of quaternary junction for the endoribonuclease activity. Overexpression of Rhp-PSP in significantly enhances the resistance against TMV of seedlings, while expression of Rhp-PSP did not, confirming that endoribonuclease activity is responsible for the antiviral activity of Rhp-PSP. In addition, foliar spray of Rhp-PSP solution on tomato and pepper plants significantly reduces the disease index of viral diseases, indicating that Rhp-PSP shows potential to develop antiviral agent in practice.
{"title":"A bacterial protein Rhp-PSP inhibits plant viral proliferation through endoribonuclease activity1","authors":"Lijie Chen, Qianze Peng, Xiaohua Du, Weixing Zhang, Ju'e Cheng, Shu'e Sun, Deyong Zhang, Pin Su, Yong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.051","url":null,"abstract":"Plant virus causes massive crop losses globally. However, there is currently no effective measure to control plant viral disease. Previously, we identify an antiviral protein Rhp-PSP, produced by the bacterial strain JSC-3b. In this study, we discover that the antiviral activity of Rhp-PSP relies on its endoribonuclease activity. Convert the arginine (R) residue at position 129 onto alanine (A) abolish its endoribonuclease activity on coat protein (CP) RNA of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), consequentially, compromised the antiviral activity of Rhp-PSP. Further investigation demonstrates that, the mutant Rhp-PSP is unable to form the homotrimer as the wild type, indicating the importance of quaternary junction for the endoribonuclease activity. Overexpression of Rhp-PSP in significantly enhances the resistance against TMV of seedlings, while expression of Rhp-PSP did not, confirming that endoribonuclease activity is responsible for the antiviral activity of Rhp-PSP. In addition, foliar spray of Rhp-PSP solution on tomato and pepper plants significantly reduces the disease index of viral diseases, indicating that Rhp-PSP shows potential to develop antiviral agent in practice.","PeriodicalId":16305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrative Agriculture","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140200494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NADC34-like Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), which first appeared in China in 2017, is currently one of the main epidemic strains in China. In this study, we found that a new variant of NADC34-like PRRSV evolved, named the L1A variant. The phylogenetics, epidemic status, and pathogenicity of the LA variants were subsequently comprehensively evaluated. Based on the results of the ORF5 phylogenetic analysis, the L1A variants were classified as NADC34-like PPRSV. All the strains had the same discontinuous 131-aa deletion in the NSP2 region (similar to that in the NADC30). Recombination analysis revealed that the L1A variants were recombinant viruses that contained an NADC30-like PRRSV skeleton, a nonstructural protein-encoding gene region obtained in part from JXA1-like PRRSV and a ORF2-ORF6 gene region partly obtained from NADC34-like PRRSV and that exhibited similar recombination patterns. We successfully isolated the L1A variant TZJ2756 from PAMs and Marc-145 cells. In animal experiments, TZJ2756 exhibited moderate pathogenicity in piglets, causing obvious clinical symptoms, namely, persistent fever, significantlyreduced body weight, interstitial edema and severe interstitial pneumonia in the lungs, and prolonged high-load viremia. L1A variants have been detected in at least 12 provinces in China and share many similar epidemiological characteristics with the American L1C variant. This research will enhance our understanding of the prevalence of L1A variants and furnish valuable data for the ongoing monitoring of NADC34-like PRRSV in China.
{"title":"Novel characterization of NADC30-like and NADC34-like PRRSV strains in China: epidemiological status and pathogenicity analysis of L1A variants1","authors":"Hu Xu, Siyu Zhang, Zhenyang Guo, Chao Li, Bangjun Gong, Jinhao Li, Qi Sun, Jing Zhao, Menglin Zhang, Lirun Xiang, Yan-dong Tang, Chaoliang Leng, Jianan Wu, Qian Wang, Jinmei Peng, Guohui Zhou, Huairan Liu, Tongqing An, Xuehui Cai, Zhi-Jun Tian, Hongliang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.056","url":null,"abstract":"NADC34-like Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), which first appeared in China in 2017, is currently one of the main epidemic strains in China. In this study, we found that a new variant of NADC34-like PRRSV evolved, named the L1A variant. The phylogenetics, epidemic status, and pathogenicity of the LA variants were subsequently comprehensively evaluated. Based on the results of the ORF5 phylogenetic analysis, the L1A variants were classified as NADC34-like PPRSV. All the strains had the same discontinuous 131-aa deletion in the NSP2 region (similar to that in the NADC30). Recombination analysis revealed that the L1A variants were recombinant viruses that contained an NADC30-like PRRSV skeleton, a nonstructural protein-encoding gene region obtained in part from JXA1-like PRRSV and a ORF2-ORF6 gene region partly obtained from NADC34-like PRRSV and that exhibited similar recombination patterns. We successfully isolated the L1A variant TZJ2756 from PAMs and Marc-145 cells. In animal experiments, TZJ2756 exhibited moderate pathogenicity in piglets, causing obvious clinical symptoms, namely, persistent fever, significantlyreduced body weight, interstitial edema and severe interstitial pneumonia in the lungs, and prolonged high-load viremia. L1A variants have been detected in at least 12 provinces in China and share many similar epidemiological characteristics with the American L1C variant. This research will enhance our understanding of the prevalence of L1A variants and furnish valuable data for the ongoing monitoring of NADC34-like PRRSV in China.","PeriodicalId":16305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrative Agriculture","volume":"160 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140200502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-16DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.052
Zhongxian Xu, Tao Wang, Wei Zhu, Maosen Yang, Dong Leng, Ziyu Li, Jiaman Zhang, Pengliang Liu, Zhoulin Wu, Mengnan He, Yan Li, Hua Kui, Xue Bai, Bo Zeng, Yao Zhang, Qing Zhu, Xiaoling Zhao, Mingzhou Li, Diyan Li
The development of skeletal muscle are complicated processes involving genes responsible for proper muscle morphology, contractility, cell proliferation, differentiation, interactions, migration, and death. The three-dimensional chromatin architecture of skeletal muscle development has not been studied intensively although dynamic transcriptional regulation during differentiation of muscle cells is one of the most deeply studied processes. The RNA-seq was used to analyze the transcriptome pattern during chicken muscle development across 12 stages. Hi-C was used to build a chromatin architectures during four representative stages. ChIP-seq was conducted to identify enhancers in these four stages, which are occupied by histone H3K27ac and H3K4me3 peaks. Results show that large-scale genome architecture changes are mostly unidirectional, and coupled by complex on/off dynamic patterns of gene expression. Specifically, we observed 258.30 Mb of the genome undergoing A/B compartment switching. Notable alterations (316.57 Mb) of interaction frequencies within TADs were observed. Substantial aging-associated genes exhibited ascending connectivity with the compartment transition from repressive to active status during muscle development. Some muscle-related gene promoters that interacted with active enhancers during development, and some myopathy/aging-associated genes that were activated in aging muscle were founded. These results provide key insights into skeletal muscle development in vivo, and offer a valuable resource that allows in-depth functional characterization of candidate genes.
{"title":"3D genomic alterations during development of skeletal muscle in chicken1","authors":"Zhongxian Xu, Tao Wang, Wei Zhu, Maosen Yang, Dong Leng, Ziyu Li, Jiaman Zhang, Pengliang Liu, Zhoulin Wu, Mengnan He, Yan Li, Hua Kui, Xue Bai, Bo Zeng, Yao Zhang, Qing Zhu, Xiaoling Zhao, Mingzhou Li, Diyan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.052","url":null,"abstract":"The development of skeletal muscle are complicated processes involving genes responsible for proper muscle morphology, contractility, cell proliferation, differentiation, interactions, migration, and death. The three-dimensional chromatin architecture of skeletal muscle development has not been studied intensively although dynamic transcriptional regulation during differentiation of muscle cells is one of the most deeply studied processes. The RNA-seq was used to analyze the transcriptome pattern during chicken muscle development across 12 stages. Hi-C was used to build a chromatin architectures during four representative stages. ChIP-seq was conducted to identify enhancers in these four stages, which are occupied by histone H3K27ac and H3K4me3 peaks. Results show that large-scale genome architecture changes are mostly unidirectional, and coupled by complex on/off dynamic patterns of gene expression. Specifically, we observed 258.30 Mb of the genome undergoing A/B compartment switching. Notable alterations (316.57 Mb) of interaction frequencies within TADs were observed. Substantial aging-associated genes exhibited ascending connectivity with the compartment transition from repressive to active status during muscle development. Some muscle-related gene promoters that interacted with active enhancers during development, and some myopathy/aging-associated genes that were activated in aging muscle were founded. These results provide key insights into skeletal muscle development in vivo, and offer a valuable resource that allows in-depth functional characterization of candidate genes.","PeriodicalId":16305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrative Agriculture","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140200588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A straw interlayer added to soil can effectively reduce soil salinity effects on plant growth, however, the effects of soil moisture, salt and microbial community composition on plant growth under a straw interlayer are unclear. A rhizobox study was conducted to investigate the role of straw interlayer thickness on soil moisture, salt migration, microbial community composition, as well as root growth in sunflower. The study included four treatments: Control (no straw interlayer); S3 (straw interlayer of 3.0 cm); S5 (straw interlayer of 5.0 cm); S7 (straw interlayer of 7.0 cm). Straw interlayer treatments increased soil moisture by 8.2%-11.0% after irrigation and decreased soil salt content after the bud stage in 0-40 cm soil. Total root length, total root surface area, average root diameter, total root volume and the number of root tips of sunflower plants were higher under straw interlayer treatments than in the control, and were highest under the S5 treatment. This stimulated root growth was ascribed to the higher abundance of Chloroflexi and Verrucomicrobia bacteria in soil with a straw interlayer, which was increased by 55.7 and 54.7%, respectively, in the S5 treatment. Addition of a straw interlayer of 5 cm thickness is a practical and environmentally feasible approach for improving sunflower root growth in saline-alkali soil.
{"title":"Straw interlayer improves sunflower root growth: Evidence from moisture and salt migration and the microbial community in saline-alkali soil","authors":"Mengmeng Chen, Guoli Wang, Yupeng Jing, Jie Zhou, Jiashen Song, Fangdi Chang, Ru Yu, Jing Wang, Weini Wang, Xia Sun, Hongyuan Zhang, Yuyi Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.048","url":null,"abstract":"A straw interlayer added to soil can effectively reduce soil salinity effects on plant growth, however, the effects of soil moisture, salt and microbial community composition on plant growth under a straw interlayer are unclear. A rhizobox study was conducted to investigate the role of straw interlayer thickness on soil moisture, salt migration, microbial community composition, as well as root growth in sunflower. The study included four treatments: Control (no straw interlayer); S3 (straw interlayer of 3.0 cm); S5 (straw interlayer of 5.0 cm); S7 (straw interlayer of 7.0 cm). Straw interlayer treatments increased soil moisture by 8.2%-11.0% after irrigation and decreased soil salt content after the bud stage in 0-40 cm soil. Total root length, total root surface area, average root diameter, total root volume and the number of root tips of sunflower plants were higher under straw interlayer treatments than in the control, and were highest under the S5 treatment. This stimulated root growth was ascribed to the higher abundance of Chloroflexi and Verrucomicrobia bacteria in soil with a straw interlayer, which was increased by 55.7 and 54.7%, respectively, in the S5 treatment. Addition of a straw interlayer of 5 cm thickness is a practical and environmentally feasible approach for improving sunflower root growth in saline-alkali soil.","PeriodicalId":16305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrative Agriculture","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140146468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Water-saving irrigation strategies can successfully alleviate methane emissions from rice fields, but significantly stimulate nitrous oxide (NO) emissions because of variations in soil oxygen level and redox potential. However, the relationship linking soil NO emissions to nitrogen (N) functional genes during various fertilization treatments in water-saving paddy fields has rarely been investigated. Furthermore, the mitigation potential of organic fertilizer substitution on NO emissions and the microbial mechanism in rice fields must be further elucidated. Our study examined how soil NO emissions were affected by related functional microorganisms [ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), and ] to various fertilization treatments in a rice field in southeast China over two years. In this study, three fertilization regimes were applied to rice cultivation: a no nitrogen (N) (Control), an inorganic N (N), and an inorganic N with partial N substitution with organic manure (N+N). Over two rice-growing seasons, cumulative NO emissions averaged 0.47, 4.62 and 4.08 kg ha for the Control, N and N+N treatments, respectively. In comparison to the N treatment, the N+N fertilization regime considerably reduced soil NO emissions by 11.6% while maintaining rice yield, with a lower NO emission factor from fertilizer N (EF) of 0.95%. Nitrogen fertilization considerably raised the AOB, and gene abundances, in comparison to the Control treatment. Moreover, the substitution of organic manure for inorganic N fertilizer significantly decreased AOB and gene abundances and increased gene abundance. The AOB responded to N fertilization more sensitively than the AOA. Total NO emissions significantly correlated positively with AOB and gene abundances while having a negative correlation with gene abundance and the / ratio across N-fertilized plots. In summary, we conclude that organic manure substitution for inorganic N fertilizer decreased soil NO emissions primarily by changing the soil NO-N, pH and DOC levels, thus inhibiting the activities of ammonia oxidation in nitrification and nitrite reduction in denitrification, and strengthening NO reduction in denitrification from water-saving rice paddies.
{"title":"Mitigation of N2O emissions in water-saving paddy fields: Evaluating organic fertilizer substitution and microbial mechanisms","authors":"Delei Kong, Xianduo Zhang, Qidong Yu, Yaguo Jin, Peikun Jiang, Shuang Wu, Shuwei Liu, Jianwen Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.047","url":null,"abstract":"Water-saving irrigation strategies can successfully alleviate methane emissions from rice fields, but significantly stimulate nitrous oxide (NO) emissions because of variations in soil oxygen level and redox potential. However, the relationship linking soil NO emissions to nitrogen (N) functional genes during various fertilization treatments in water-saving paddy fields has rarely been investigated. Furthermore, the mitigation potential of organic fertilizer substitution on NO emissions and the microbial mechanism in rice fields must be further elucidated. Our study examined how soil NO emissions were affected by related functional microorganisms [ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), and ] to various fertilization treatments in a rice field in southeast China over two years. In this study, three fertilization regimes were applied to rice cultivation: a no nitrogen (N) (Control), an inorganic N (N), and an inorganic N with partial N substitution with organic manure (N+N). Over two rice-growing seasons, cumulative NO emissions averaged 0.47, 4.62 and 4.08 kg ha for the Control, N and N+N treatments, respectively. In comparison to the N treatment, the N+N fertilization regime considerably reduced soil NO emissions by 11.6% while maintaining rice yield, with a lower NO emission factor from fertilizer N (EF) of 0.95%. Nitrogen fertilization considerably raised the AOB, and gene abundances, in comparison to the Control treatment. Moreover, the substitution of organic manure for inorganic N fertilizer significantly decreased AOB and gene abundances and increased gene abundance. The AOB responded to N fertilization more sensitively than the AOA. Total NO emissions significantly correlated positively with AOB and gene abundances while having a negative correlation with gene abundance and the / ratio across N-fertilized plots. In summary, we conclude that organic manure substitution for inorganic N fertilizer decreased soil NO emissions primarily by changing the soil NO-N, pH and DOC levels, thus inhibiting the activities of ammonia oxidation in nitrification and nitrite reduction in denitrification, and strengthening NO reduction in denitrification from water-saving rice paddies.","PeriodicalId":16305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrative Agriculture","volume":"120 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140146318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-13DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.045
Fuping Zhang, Hongjun Zhang, Jilu Liu, Xiaomeng Ren, Yanpeng Ding, Fangyao Sun, Zhenzhen Zhu, Xi He, Yang Zhou, Guihua Bai, Zhongfu Ni, Qixin Sun, Zhenqi Su
head blight (FHB), mainly caused by , is one of the most devastating diseases of wheat worldwide. Identification and validation of major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for FHB resistance without negative effects on agronomic traits is critical to success in breeding FHB-resistant cultivars. In this study, a stable major QTL on chromosome arm 2DL was identified by evaluating a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from Shi4185×Shijiazhuang 8 in both field and greenhouse experiments. QTL mapping and pedigree analyses indicated that the 2DL QTL is the same QTL as previously identified in Ji5265, therefore, designated . Four kompetitive amplicon sequence polymorphism (KASP) markers were developed based on exome capture sequencing data to enhance marker density in the region, and it was delimited to an interval between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers (533.8) and (525.9 Mb) explained 26.0-30.1% of the phenotypic variation. Analysis of the geographic distribution of the resistance allele suggested that it originated from Huang-Huai winter wheat region in China, and very low frequency of in modern Chinese cultivars reveals that it has not been widely deployed in breeding programs. Field and greenhouse evaluation of yield-related traits of near-isogenic lines (NILs) contrasting in alleles indicated that resistance allele did not show any adverse effects on those traits. showed an additive effect on enhancing FHB resistance with . Therefore, is a valuable major QTL for improving FHB resistance in wheat and the near-diagnostic markers developed in this study will facilitate its deployment in wheat breeding programs.
{"title":"Fhb9, a major QTL for Fusarium head blight resistance improvement in wheat","authors":"Fuping Zhang, Hongjun Zhang, Jilu Liu, Xiaomeng Ren, Yanpeng Ding, Fangyao Sun, Zhenzhen Zhu, Xi He, Yang Zhou, Guihua Bai, Zhongfu Ni, Qixin Sun, Zhenqi Su","doi":"10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.045","url":null,"abstract":"head blight (FHB), mainly caused by , is one of the most devastating diseases of wheat worldwide. Identification and validation of major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for FHB resistance without negative effects on agronomic traits is critical to success in breeding FHB-resistant cultivars. In this study, a stable major QTL on chromosome arm 2DL was identified by evaluating a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from Shi4185×Shijiazhuang 8 in both field and greenhouse experiments. QTL mapping and pedigree analyses indicated that the 2DL QTL is the same QTL as previously identified in Ji5265, therefore, designated . Four kompetitive amplicon sequence polymorphism (KASP) markers were developed based on exome capture sequencing data to enhance marker density in the region, and it was delimited to an interval between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers (533.8) and (525.9 Mb) explained 26.0-30.1% of the phenotypic variation. Analysis of the geographic distribution of the resistance allele suggested that it originated from Huang-Huai winter wheat region in China, and very low frequency of in modern Chinese cultivars reveals that it has not been widely deployed in breeding programs. Field and greenhouse evaluation of yield-related traits of near-isogenic lines (NILs) contrasting in alleles indicated that resistance allele did not show any adverse effects on those traits. showed an additive effect on enhancing FHB resistance with . Therefore, is a valuable major QTL for improving FHB resistance in wheat and the near-diagnostic markers developed in this study will facilitate its deployment in wheat breeding programs.","PeriodicalId":16305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrative Agriculture","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140146316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-13DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.046
Qinghao Wang, Juan Hu, Weizhen Yu, Limin Gu, Peng Liu, Bin Zhao, Wenchao Zhen, Jiwang Zhang, Baizhao Ren
Persistent overcast rain was an essential limiting factor for summer maize production, of which immediate impact was the dual pressure of waterlogging and shading. However, the mechanism of independent and combined effects of waterlogging and shading induced maize yield losses are rarely studied, especially at different growth stages. Denghai 605 (DH605) was selected to be subjected shading, waterlogging, and their combined stress at the 3rd leaf stage (V3), the 6th leaf stage (V6), and tasseling stage (VT). Results showed that shading, waterlogging and their combination significantly limited the expansion of leaf area, and decreased leaf net photosynthetic rate () and net assimilation rate (NAR), thus reducing the crop growth rate (CGR) and biomass accumulation. At the same time, compared to control, the process of lignin synthesis was inhibited under stressed treatment, resulting in reduced stem mechanical strength and a poor development of the vascular system, of which change significantly reduced efficiency of assimilate remobilization to the ear and ultimately grain yield. The most significant effects of waterlogging and combined stresses on yield were occurred at V3 stage, followed by the V6 and VT stages. The most significant effects of shading were occurred at VT stage, followed by the V6 and V3 stages. Moreover, the compound stress exacerbated the damage brought about by a single stress. It is predicted that climate change will increase the frequency of abiotic stress assemblages, and the results of these findings provide some direction for further research on maize breeding in summer maize under continuous rainy conditions in the future.
{"title":"Shading and waterlogging interactions exacerbate summer maize yield losses by reducing assimilate accumulation and remobilization processes","authors":"Qinghao Wang, Juan Hu, Weizhen Yu, Limin Gu, Peng Liu, Bin Zhao, Wenchao Zhen, Jiwang Zhang, Baizhao Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.046","url":null,"abstract":"Persistent overcast rain was an essential limiting factor for summer maize production, of which immediate impact was the dual pressure of waterlogging and shading. However, the mechanism of independent and combined effects of waterlogging and shading induced maize yield losses are rarely studied, especially at different growth stages. Denghai 605 (DH605) was selected to be subjected shading, waterlogging, and their combined stress at the 3rd leaf stage (V3), the 6th leaf stage (V6), and tasseling stage (VT). Results showed that shading, waterlogging and their combination significantly limited the expansion of leaf area, and decreased leaf net photosynthetic rate () and net assimilation rate (NAR), thus reducing the crop growth rate (CGR) and biomass accumulation. At the same time, compared to control, the process of lignin synthesis was inhibited under stressed treatment, resulting in reduced stem mechanical strength and a poor development of the vascular system, of which change significantly reduced efficiency of assimilate remobilization to the ear and ultimately grain yield. The most significant effects of waterlogging and combined stresses on yield were occurred at V3 stage, followed by the V6 and VT stages. The most significant effects of shading were occurred at VT stage, followed by the V6 and V3 stages. Moreover, the compound stress exacerbated the damage brought about by a single stress. It is predicted that climate change will increase the frequency of abiotic stress assemblages, and the results of these findings provide some direction for further research on maize breeding in summer maize under continuous rainy conditions in the future.","PeriodicalId":16305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrative Agriculture","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140156240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.041
Xiuling Wang, Li Niu, Huaipan Liu, Xucun Jia, Yulong Zhao, Qun Wang, Yali Zhao, Pengfei Dong, Moubiao Zhang, Hongping Li, Panpan An, Zhi Li, Xiaohuan Mu, Yongen Zhang, Chaohai Li
Waterlogging stress has been found to have adverse impacts on plant growth, subsequently reducing crop yields. Spermidine (Spd), a second messenger, positively affects the growth of plants under waterlogging stress. However, the molecular mechanisms of exogenous Spd application alleviating waterlogging stress remained unclear. In this study, we performed physiological analysis and multi-omics to underlying the effect of Spd application on waterlogging stress. Spd application increased genes expression level of light-harvesting complex (LHC) and photosynthesis-related and starch-related pathway, inhibited chlorophyll degradation and maintained higher photosynthetic rate, thus increased biomass accumulation under waterlogging stress. The activation of genes related trehalose and Spd biosynthesis would result in high accumulation of trehalose and endogenous Spd. Inhibiting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) oxidase (ACO,) expression contributed to reduced ethylene emission. All those changes increased maize resistance to waterlogging. After Spd sparying, auxin-related genes up-regulated and IAA content was increased, those favor cell elongation in maize and thus keep normal growth after Spd application under waterlogging stress. Most of genes involved in lipids were up-regulated and thus increased lipids content and protected cell membranes in maize after Spd application under waterlogging conditions. All those changes contributed to increasing the resistance to waterlogging stress. These findings broaden our understanding of the regulatory roles of Spd in alleviating waterlogging damage and will provide evidence for breeding waterlogging-tolerant maize varieties.
研究发现，水涝胁迫会对植物生长产生不利影响，进而降低作物产量。作为第二信使的精胺（Spd）对植物在涝胁迫下的生长有积极影响。然而，施用外源 Spd 缓解涝胁迫的分子机制仍不清楚。本研究通过生理学分析和多组学研究揭示了施用Spd对涝害胁迫的影响。结果表明，施用Spd能提高光收获复合物（LHC）、光合作用相关和淀粉相关途径基因的表达水平，抑制叶绿素降解，维持较高的光合速率，从而增加涝胁迫下的生物量积累。三卤糖和 Spd 生物合成相关基因的激活会导致三卤糖和内源 Spd 的大量积累。抑制 1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸（ACC）氧化酶（ACO）的表达有助于减少乙烯的释放。所有这些变化都增强了玉米的抗涝能力。施用Spd后，辅助素相关基因上调，IAA含量增加，有利于玉米细胞伸长，从而使玉米在涝胁迫下施用Spd后保持正常生长。在涝胁迫条件下施用Spd后，大部分涉及脂质的基因上调，从而增加了脂质含量，保护了玉米的细胞膜。所有这些变化都有助于提高玉米对水涝胁迫的抗性。这些发现拓宽了我们对 Spd 在减轻涝害中的调控作用的认识，并将为培育耐涝玉米品种提供证据。
{"title":"Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis provide insights into the alleviation of waterlogging stress in maize by exogenous spermidine application","authors":"Xiuling Wang, Li Niu, Huaipan Liu, Xucun Jia, Yulong Zhao, Qun Wang, Yali Zhao, Pengfei Dong, Moubiao Zhang, Hongping Li, Panpan An, Zhi Li, Xiaohuan Mu, Yongen Zhang, Chaohai Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.041","url":null,"abstract":"Waterlogging stress has been found to have adverse impacts on plant growth, subsequently reducing crop yields. Spermidine (Spd), a second messenger, positively affects the growth of plants under waterlogging stress. However, the molecular mechanisms of exogenous Spd application alleviating waterlogging stress remained unclear. In this study, we performed physiological analysis and multi-omics to underlying the effect of Spd application on waterlogging stress. Spd application increased genes expression level of light-harvesting complex (LHC) and photosynthesis-related and starch-related pathway, inhibited chlorophyll degradation and maintained higher photosynthetic rate, thus increased biomass accumulation under waterlogging stress. The activation of genes related trehalose and Spd biosynthesis would result in high accumulation of trehalose and endogenous Spd. Inhibiting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) oxidase (ACO,) expression contributed to reduced ethylene emission. All those changes increased maize resistance to waterlogging. After Spd sparying, auxin-related genes up-regulated and IAA content was increased, those favor cell elongation in maize and thus keep normal growth after Spd application under waterlogging stress. Most of genes involved in lipids were up-regulated and thus increased lipids content and protected cell membranes in maize after Spd application under waterlogging conditions. All those changes contributed to increasing the resistance to waterlogging stress. These findings broaden our understanding of the regulatory roles of Spd in alleviating waterlogging damage and will provide evidence for breeding waterlogging-tolerant maize varieties.","PeriodicalId":16305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrative Agriculture","volume":"110 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140127858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.038
Zijuan Ding, Ren Hu, Yuxian Cao, Jintao Li, Dakang Xiao, Jun Hou, Xuexia Wang
Controlled-release urea (CRU) is commonly used to improve the crop yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). However, few studies have investigated the effects of CRU in the ratoon rice system. Ratoon rice is the practice of obtaining a second harvest from tillers originating from the stubble of the previously harvested main crop. In this study, a 2-year field experiment using a randomized complete block design was conducted to determine the effects of CRU on the yield, NUE, and economic benefits of ratoon rice, including the main crop, to provide a theoretical basis for fertilization of ratoon rice. The experiment included four treatments: (i) no N fertilizer (CK); (ii) traditional practice with 5 applications of urea applied at different crop growth stages by surface broadcasting (FFP); (iii) one-time basal application of CRU (BF1); and (iv) one-time basal application of CRU combined with common urea (BF2). The BF1 and BF2 treatments significantly increased the main crop yield by 17.47 and 15.99% in 2019, and by 17.91 and 16.44% in 2020, respectively, compared with FFP treatment. The BF2 treatment achieved similar yield of the ratoon crop to the FFP treatment, whereas the BF1 treatment significantly increased the yield of the ratoon crop by 14.81% in 2019 and 12.21% in 2020 compared with the FFP treatment. The BF1 and BF2 treatments significantly improved the 2-year apparent N recovery efficiency, agronomic NUE, and partial factor productivity of applied N by 11.47–16.66, 27.31–44.49, and 9.23–15.60%, respectively, compared with FFP treatment. The BF1 and BF2 treatments reduced the chalky rice rate and chalkiness of main and ratoon crops relative to the FFP treatment. Furthermore, emergy analysis showed that the production efficiency of the BF treatments was higher than that of the FFP treatment. The BF treatments reduced labor input due to reduced fertilization times and improved the economic benefits of ratoon rice. Compared with the FFP treatment, the BF1 and BF2 treatments increased the net income by 14.21–16.87 and 23.76–25.96%, respectively. Overall, the one-time blending use of CRU and common urea should be encouraged to achieve high yield, high nitrogen use efficiency, and good quality of ratoon rice, which has low labor input and low apparent N loss.
{"title":"Integrated assessment of yield, nitrogen use efficiency and ecosystem economic benefits of use of controlled-release and common urea in ratoon rice production","authors":"Zijuan Ding, Ren Hu, Yuxian Cao, Jintao Li, Dakang Xiao, Jun Hou, Xuexia Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.038","url":null,"abstract":"Controlled-release urea (CRU) is commonly used to improve the crop yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). However, few studies have investigated the effects of CRU in the ratoon rice system. Ratoon rice is the practice of obtaining a second harvest from tillers originating from the stubble of the previously harvested main crop. In this study, a 2-year field experiment using a randomized complete block design was conducted to determine the effects of CRU on the yield, NUE, and economic benefits of ratoon rice, including the main crop, to provide a theoretical basis for fertilization of ratoon rice. The experiment included four treatments: (i) no N fertilizer (CK); (ii) traditional practice with 5 applications of urea applied at different crop growth stages by surface broadcasting (FFP); (iii) one-time basal application of CRU (BF1); and (iv) one-time basal application of CRU combined with common urea (BF2). The BF1 and BF2 treatments significantly increased the main crop yield by 17.47 and 15.99% in 2019, and by 17.91 and 16.44% in 2020, respectively, compared with FFP treatment. The BF2 treatment achieved similar yield of the ratoon crop to the FFP treatment, whereas the BF1 treatment significantly increased the yield of the ratoon crop by 14.81% in 2019 and 12.21% in 2020 compared with the FFP treatment. The BF1 and BF2 treatments significantly improved the 2-year apparent N recovery efficiency, agronomic NUE, and partial factor productivity of applied N by 11.47–16.66, 27.31–44.49, and 9.23–15.60%, respectively, compared with FFP treatment. The BF1 and BF2 treatments reduced the chalky rice rate and chalkiness of main and ratoon crops relative to the FFP treatment. Furthermore, emergy analysis showed that the production efficiency of the BF treatments was higher than that of the FFP treatment. The BF treatments reduced labor input due to reduced fertilization times and improved the economic benefits of ratoon rice. Compared with the FFP treatment, the BF1 and BF2 treatments increased the net income by 14.21–16.87 and 23.76–25.96%, respectively. Overall, the one-time blending use of CRU and common urea should be encouraged to achieve high yield, high nitrogen use efficiency, and good quality of ratoon rice, which has low labor input and low apparent N loss.","PeriodicalId":16305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrative Agriculture","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140128173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.044
Xianying Zeng, Jianzhong Shi, Hualan Chen
The stamping-out strategy has been used to control highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in many countries, driven by the belief that vaccination would not be successful against such viruses and fears that avian influenza virus in vaccinated birds would evolve more rapidly and pose a greater risk to humans. In this article, we summarize the successes in controlling highly pathogenic avian influenza in China and make suggestions regarding the requirements for vaccine selection and effectiveness. In addition, we present evidence that vaccination of poultry not only eliminates human infection with avian influenza virus, but also significantly reduces and abolishes some harmful characteristics of avian influenza virus.
{"title":"Control of highly pathogenic avian influenza through vaccination1","authors":"Xianying Zeng, Jianzhong Shi, Hualan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.044","url":null,"abstract":"The stamping-out strategy has been used to control highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in many countries, driven by the belief that vaccination would not be successful against such viruses and fears that avian influenza virus in vaccinated birds would evolve more rapidly and pose a greater risk to humans. In this article, we summarize the successes in controlling highly pathogenic avian influenza in China and make suggestions regarding the requirements for vaccine selection and effectiveness. In addition, we present evidence that vaccination of poultry not only eliminates human infection with avian influenza virus, but also significantly reduces and abolishes some harmful characteristics of avian influenza virus.","PeriodicalId":16305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrative Agriculture","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140127830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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