Journal of Medical Internet Research最新文献_第7页

Relationship Among Macronutrients, Dietary Components, and Objective Sleep Variables Measured by Smartphone Apps: Real-World Cross-Sectional Study.

IF 5.8 2区医学 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

Journal of Medical Internet Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.2196/64749

Jaehoon Seol, Masao Iwagami, Megane Christiane Tawylum Kayamare, Masashi Yanagisawa

Background: Few studies have explored the relationship between macronutrient intake and sleep outcomes using daily data from mobile apps.Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the associations between macronutrients, dietary components, and sleep parameters, considering their interdependencies.Methods: We analyzed data from 4825 users of the Pokémon Sleep and Asken smartphone apps, each used for at least 7 days to record objective sleep parameters and dietary components, respectively. Multivariable regression explored the associations between quartiles of macronutrients (protein; carbohydrate; and total fat, including saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fats), dietary components (sodium, potassium, dietary fiber, and sodium-to-potassium ratio), and sleep variables (total sleep time [TST], sleep latency [SL], and percentage of wakefulness after sleep onset [%WASO]). The lowest intake group was the reference. Compositional data analysis accounted for macronutrient interdependencies. Models were adjusted for age, sex, and BMI.Results: Greater protein intake was associated with longer TST in the third (+0.17, 95% CI 0.09-0.26 h) and fourth (+0.18, 95% CI 0.09-0.27 h) quartiles. In contrast, greater fat intake was linked to shorter TST in the third (-0.11, 95% CI -0.20 to -0.27 h) and fourth (-0.16, 95% CI -0.25 to -0.07 h) quartiles. Greater carbohydrate intake was associated with shorter %WASO in the third (-0.82%, 95% CI -1.37% to -0.26%) and fourth (-0.57%, 95% CI -1.13% to -0.01%) quartiles, while greater fat intake was linked to longer %WASO in the fourth quartile (+0.62%, 95% CI 0.06%-1.18%). Dietary fiber intake correlated with longer TST and shorter SL. A greater sodium-to-potassium ratio was associated with shorter TST in the third (-0.11, 95% CI -0.20 to -0.02 h) and fourth (-0.19, 95% CI -0.28 to -0.10 h) quartiles; longer SL in the second (+1.03, 95% CI 0.08-1.98 min) and fourth (+1.50, 95% CI 0.53-2.47 min) quartiles; and longer %WASO in the fourth quartile (0.71%, 95% CI 0.15%-1.28%). Compositional data analysis, involving 6% changes in macronutrient proportions, showed that greater protein intake was associated with an elevated TST (+0.27, 95% CI 0.18-0.35 h), while greater monounsaturated fat intake was associated with a longer SL (+4.6, 95% CI 1.93-7.34 min) and a larger %WASO (+2.2%, 95% CI 0.63%-3.78%). In contrast, greater polyunsaturated fat intake was associated with a reduced TST (-0.22, 95% CI -0.39 to -0.05 h), a shorter SL (-4.7, 95% CI to 6.58 to -2.86 min), and a shorter %WASO (+2.0%, 95% CI -3.08% to -0.92%).Conclusions: Greater protein and fiber intake were associated with longer TST, while greater fat intake and sodium-to-potassium ratios were linked to shorter TST and longer WASO. Increasing protein intake in place of other nutrients was associated with longer TST, while higher

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引用次数: 0

Transformers for Neuroimage Segmentation: Scoping Review.

IF 5.8 2区医学 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

Journal of Medical Internet Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.2196/57723

Maya Iratni, Amira Abdullah, Mariam Aldhaheri, Omar Elharrouss, Alaa Abd-Alrazaq, Zahiriddin Rustamov, Nazar Zaki, Rafat Damseh

Background: Neuroimaging segmentation is increasingly important for diagnosing and planning treatments for neurological diseases. Manual segmentation is time-consuming, apart from being prone to human error and variability. Transformers are a promising deep learning approach for automated medical image segmentation.Objective: This scoping review will synthesize current literature and assess the use of various transformer models for neuroimaging segmentation.Methods: A systematic search in major databases, including Scopus, IEEE Xplore, PubMed, and ACM Digital Library, was carried out for studies applying transformers to neuroimaging segmentation problems from 2019 through 2023. The inclusion criteria allow only for peer-reviewed journal papers and conference papers focused on transformer-based segmentation of human brain imaging data. Excluded are the studies dealing with nonneuroimaging data or raw brain signals and electroencephalogram data. Data extraction was performed to identify key study details, including image modalities, datasets, neurological conditions, transformer models, and evaluation metrics. Results were synthesized using a narrative approach.Results: Of the 1246 publications identified, 67 (5.38%) met the inclusion criteria. Half of all included studies were published in 2022, and more than two-thirds used transformers for segmenting brain tumors. The most common imaging modality was magnetic resonance imaging (n=59, 88.06%), while the most frequently used dataset was brain tumor segmentation dataset (n=39, 58.21%). 3D transformer models (n=42, 62.69%) were more prevalent than their 2D counterparts. The most developed were those of hybrid convolutional neural network-transformer architectures (n=57, 85.07%), where the vision transformer is the most frequently used type of transformer (n=37, 55.22%). The most frequent evaluation metric was the Dice score (n=63, 94.03%). Studies generally reported increased segmentation accuracy and the ability to model both local and global features in brain images.Conclusions: This review represents the recent increase in the adoption of transformers for neuroimaging segmentation, particularly for brain tumor detection. Currently, hybrid convolutional neural network-transformer architectures achieve state-of-the-art performances on benchmark datasets over standalone models. Nevertheless, their applicability remains highly limited by high computational costs and potential overfitting on small datasets. The heavy reliance of the field on the brain tumor segmentation dataset hints at the use of a more diverse set of datasets to validate the performances of models on a variety of neurological diseases. Further research is needed to define the optimal transformer architectures and training methods for clinical applications. Continuing development may make transformers the state-of-the-a

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引用次数: 0

Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Modulation of Dopaminergic Midbrain Activity in Young Adults With Elevated Internet Gaming Disorder Risk: Randomized Controlled Trial.

IF 5.8 2区医学 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

Journal of Medical Internet Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.2196/64687

Anqi Gu, Cheng Lam Chan, Xiaolei Xu, Joseph P Dexter, Benjamin Becker, Zhiying Zhao

This study provides preliminary evidence for real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback (rt-fMRI NF) as a potential intervention approach for internet gaming disorder (IGD). In a preregistered, randomized, single-blind trial, young individuals with elevated IGD risk were trained to downregulate gaming addiction-related brain activity. We show that, after 2 sessions of neurofeedback training, participants successfully downregulated their brain responses to gaming cues, suggesting the therapeutic potential of rt-fMRI NF for IGD (Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06063642; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06063642).

引用次数: 0

Impact of Online Interactive Decision Tools on Women's Decision-Making Regarding Breast Cancer Screening: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

IF 5.8 2区医学 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

Journal of Medical Internet Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.2196/65974

Patricia Villain, Laura Downham, Alice Le Bonniec, Charlotte Bauquier, Olena Mandrik, Tom Nadarzynski, Lorie Donelle, Raúl Murillo, Eleni L Tolma, Sonali Johnson, Patricia Soler-Michel, Robert Smith

Background: The online nature of decision aids (DAs) and related e-tools supporting women's decision-making regarding breast cancer screening (BCS) through mammography may facilitate broader access, making them a valuable addition to BCS programs.Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the scientific evidence on the impacts of these e-tools and to provide a comprehensive assessment of the factors associated with their increased utility and efficacy.Methods: We followed the 2020 PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines and conducted a search of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases from August 2010 to April 2023. We included studies reporting on populations at average risk of breast cancer, which utilized DAs or related e-tools, and assessed women's participation in BCS by mammography or other key cognitive determinants of decision-making as primary or secondary outcomes. We conducted meta-analyses on the identified randomized controlled trials, which were assessed using the revised Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) tool. We further explored intermediate and high heterogeneity between studies to enhance the validity of our results.Results: In total, 22 different e-tools were identified across 31 papers. The degree of tailoring in the e-tools, specifically whether the tool was fully tailored or featured with tailoring, was the most influential factor in women's decision-making regarding BCS. Compared with control groups, tailored e-tools significantly increased women's long-term participation in BCS (risk ratio 1.14, 95% CI 1.07-1.23, P<.001, I2=0%). Tailored-to-breast-cancer-risk e-tools increased women's level of worry (mean difference 0.31, 95% CI 0.13-0.48, P<.001, I2=0%). E-tools also improved women's adequate knowledge of BCS, with features-with-tailoring e-tools designed and tested with the general population being more effective than tailored e-tools designed for or tested with non-BCS participants (χ21=5.1, P=.02). Features-with-tailoring e-tools increased both the rate of women who intended not to undergo BCS (risk ratio 1.88, 95% CI 1.43-2.48, P<.001, I2=0%) and the rate of women who had made an informed choice regarding their intention to undergo BCS (risk ratio 1.60, 95% CI 1.09-2.33, P=.02, I2=91%). Additionally, these tools decreased the proportion of women with decision conflict (risk ratio 0.77, 95% CI 0.65-0.91, P=.002, I2=0%). Shared decision-making was not formally evaluated. This review is limited by small sample sizes, including only a few studies in the meta-analysis, some with a high risk of bias, and high heterogeneity between the studies and e-tools.Conclusions: Features-with-tailoring e-tools could potentially negatively impact BCS pro

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引用次数: 0

The mediating role of meaning-making in the relationship between mental time travel and positive emotions in stress-related Blogs: A big data text analysis research.

IF 5.8 2区医学 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

Journal of Medical Internet Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.2196/63407

Yidi Chen, Lei Zheng, Jinjin Ma, Huanya Zhu, Yiqun Gan

Background: Given the ubiquity of stress, a key focus of stress research is exploring how to better coexist with stress.

Objective: This study conducted text analysis on stress-related Weibo posts using a web crawler to investigate whether these posts contained positive emotions, as well as elements of mental time travel and meaning-making. A mediation model of mental time travel, meaning-making, and positive emotions was constructed to examine whether meaning-making triggered by mental time travel can foster positive emotions under stress.

Methods: Using Python 3.8, the original public data from active Weibo users were crawled, yielding 331,711 stress-related posts. To avoid false positives, these posts were randomly divided into two large samples for cross-validation (Sample 1: n = 165,374; Sample 2: n = 166,337). Google's Natural Language Processing Application Programming Interface was used for word segmentation, followed by text and mediation analysis using the Chinese psychological analysis system "Wenxin." A mini-meta-analysis of the mediation path coefficients was conducted. Text analysis identified mental time travel words, meaning-making words, and positive emotion words in stress-related posts.

Results: The constructed mediation model of mental time travel words (time words), meaning-making words (causal and insightful words), and positive post-stress emotions validated positive adaptation following stress. A mini-meta-analysis of two different mediation models constructed in the two subsamples indicated a stable mediation effect across the two random subsamples. The combined effect size obtained was B = 0.013, SE = 0.003, with a p-value < .001, and the 95% confidence interval was [0.007, 0.018], demonstrating that meaning-making triggered by mental time travel in stress-related blog posts can predict positive emotions under stress.

Conclusions: Individuals can adapt positively to stress by engaging in meaning-making processes that are triggered by mental time travel and reflected in their social media posts. The study's mediation model confirmed that mental time travel leads to meaning-making, which fosters positive emotional responses to stress. Mental time travel serves as a psychological strategy to facilitate positive adaptation to stressful situations.

Clinicaltrial:

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引用次数: 0

Effectiveness of Different Intervention Modes in Lifestyle Intervention for the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes and the Reversion to Normoglycemia in Adults With Prediabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

IF 5.8 2区医学 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

Journal of Medical Internet Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.2196/63975

Yachen Wang, Xin Chai, Yueqing Wang, Xuejun Yin, Xinying Huang, Qiuhong Gong, Juan Zhang, Ruitai Shao, Guangwei Li

Background: Lifestyle interventions have been acknowledged as effective strategies for preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the accessibility of conventional face-to-face interventions is often limited. Digital health intervention has been suggested as a potential solution to overcome the limitation. Despite this, there remains a significant gap in understanding the effectiveness of digital health for individuals with prediabetes, particularly in reducing T2DM incidence and reverting to normoglycemia.Objective: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of different intervention modes of digital health, face-to-face, and blended interventions, particularly the benefits of digital health intervention, in reducing T2DM incidence and facilitating the reversion to normoglycemia in adults with prediabetes compared to the usual care.Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search in 9 electronic databases, namely MEDLINE, Embase, ACP Journal Club, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Clinical Answers, Cochrane Methodology Register, Health Technology Assessment, and NHS Economic Evaluation Database through Ovid, from the inception to October 2024. This review included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that studied the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in adults with prediabetes. The overall intervention effect was synthesized using a random-effects model. The I² statistic was used to assess heterogeneity across the RCTs. We performed a subgroup analysis to explore the effectiveness of digital health, face-to-face, and blended interventions compared with the control group, which received usual care.Results: From an initial 7868 records retrieved from 9 databases, we identified 54 articles from 31 RCTs. Our analysis showed that face-to-face interventions demonstrated a significant 46% risk reduction in T2DM incidence (risk ratio [RR] 0.54, 95% CI 0.47-0.63; I²=43%; P<.001), and a 46% increase in the reversion to normoglycemia (RR 1.46, 95% CI 1.11-1.91; I²=82%; P=.006), when compared with the control group. On the other hand, digital health interventions, compared with the control group, were associated with a 12% risk reduction in T2DM incidence (RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.77-1.01; I²=0.6%; P=.06). Moreover, the blended interventions combining digital and face-to-face interventions suggested a 37% risk reduction in T2DM incidence (RR 0.63, 95% CI 0.49-0.81;I²<0.01%; P<.001) and an 87% increase in the reversion to normoglycemia (RR 1.87, 95% CI 1.30-2.69; I²=23%; P=.001). However, no significant effect on the reversal of prediabetes to normoglycemia was observed from the digital health interventions.Conclusions: Face-to-face interventions have consistently demonstrated promising effectiveness in both reductions in T2DM incidence and reversion to normoglycemia in adul

{"title":"Effectiveness of Different Intervention Modes in Lifestyle Intervention for the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes and the Reversion to Normoglycemia in Adults With Prediabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Yachen Wang, Xin Chai, Yueqing Wang, Xuejun Yin, Xinying Huang, Qiuhong Gong, Juan Zhang, Ruitai Shao, Guangwei Li","doi":"10.2196/63975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/63975","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lifestyle interventions have been acknowledged as effective strategies for preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the accessibility of conventional face-to-face interventions is often limited. Digital health intervention has been suggested as a potential solution to overcome the limitation. Despite this, there remains a significant gap in understanding the effectiveness of digital health for individuals with prediabetes, particularly in reducing T2DM incidence and reverting to normoglycemia.Objective: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of different intervention modes of digital health, face-to-face, and blended interventions, particularly the benefits of digital health intervention, in reducing T2DM incidence and facilitating the reversion to normoglycemia in adults with prediabetes compared to the usual care.Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search in 9 electronic databases, namely MEDLINE, Embase, ACP Journal Club, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Clinical Answers, Cochrane Methodology Register, Health Technology Assessment, and NHS Economic Evaluation Database through Ovid, from the inception to October 2024. This review included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that studied the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in adults with prediabetes. The overall intervention effect was synthesized using a random-effects model. The I² statistic was used to assess heterogeneity across the RCTs. We performed a subgroup analysis to explore the effectiveness of digital health, face-to-face, and blended interventions compared with the control group, which received usual care.Results: From an initial 7868 records retrieved from 9 databases, we identified 54 articles from 31 RCTs. Our analysis showed that face-to-face interventions demonstrated a significant 46% risk reduction in T2DM incidence (risk ratio [RR] 0.54, 95% CI 0.47-0.63; I²=43%; P<.001), and a 46% increase in the reversion to normoglycemia (RR 1.46, 95% CI 1.11-1.91; I²=82%; P=.006), when compared with the control group. On the other hand, digital health interventions, compared with the control group, were associated with a 12% risk reduction in T2DM incidence (RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.77-1.01; I²=0.6%; P=.06). Moreover, the blended interventions combining digital and face-to-face interventions suggested a 37% risk reduction in T2DM incidence (RR 0.63, 95% CI 0.49-0.81;I²<0.01%; P<.001) and an 87% increase in the reversion to normoglycemia (RR 1.87, 95% CI 1.30-2.69; I²=23%; P=.001). However, no significant effect on the reversal of prediabetes to normoglycemia was observed from the digital health interventions.Conclusions: Face-to-face interventions have consistently demonstrated promising effectiveness in both reductions in T2DM incidence and reversion to normoglycemia in adul","PeriodicalId":16337,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Internet Research","volume":"27 ","pages":"e63975"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143066241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rehabilomics Strategies Enabled by Cloud-Based Rehabilitation: Scoping Review.

IF 5.8 2区医学 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

Journal of Medical Internet Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.2196/54790

Sejun Oh, SangHeon Lee

Background: Rehabilomics, or the integration of rehabilitation with genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and other "-omics" fields, aims to promote personalized approaches to rehabilitation care. Cloud-based rehabilitation offers streamlined patient data management and sharing and could potentially play a significant role in advancing rehabilomics research. This study explored the current status and potential benefits of implementing rehabilomics strategies through cloud-based rehabilitation.

Objective: This scoping review aimed to investigate the implementation of rehabilomics strategies through cloud-based rehabilitation and summarize the current state of knowledge within the research domain. This analysis aims to understand the impact of cloud platforms on the field of rehabilomics and provide insights into future research directions.

Methods: In this scoping review, we systematically searched major academic databases, including CINAHL, Embase, Google Scholar, PubMed, MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science to identify relevant studies and apply predefined inclusion criteria to select appropriate studies. Subsequently, we analyzed 28 selected papers to identify trends and insights regarding cloud-based rehabilitation and rehabilomics within this study's landscape.

Results: This study reports the various applications and outcomes of implementing rehabilomics strategies through cloud-based rehabilitation. In particular, a comprehensive analysis was conducted on 28 studies, including 16 (57%) focused on personalized rehabilitation and 12 (43%) on data security and privacy. The distribution of articles among the 28 studies based on specific keywords included 3 (11%) on the cloud, 4 (14%) on platforms, 4 (14%) on hospitals and rehabilitation centers, 5 (18%) on telehealth, 5 (18%) on home and community, and 7 (25%) on disease and disability. Cloud platforms offer new possibilities for data sharing and collaboration in rehabilomics research, underpinning a patient-centered approach and enhancing the development of personalized therapeutic strategies.

Conclusions: This scoping review highlights the potential significance of cloud-based rehabilomics strategies in the field of rehabilitation. The use of cloud platforms is expected to strengthen patient-centered data management and collaboration, contributing to the advancement of innovative strategies and therapeutic developments in rehabilomics.

{"title":"Rehabilomics Strategies Enabled by Cloud-Based Rehabilitation: Scoping Review.","authors":"Sejun Oh, SangHeon Lee","doi":"10.2196/54790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/54790","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rehabilomics, or the integration of rehabilitation with genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and other \"-omics\" fields, aims to promote personalized approaches to rehabilitation care. Cloud-based rehabilitation offers streamlined patient data management and sharing and could potentially play a significant role in advancing rehabilomics research. This study explored the current status and potential benefits of implementing rehabilomics strategies through cloud-based rehabilitation.Objective: This scoping review aimed to investigate the implementation of rehabilomics strategies through cloud-based rehabilitation and summarize the current state of knowledge within the research domain. This analysis aims to understand the impact of cloud platforms on the field of rehabilomics and provide insights into future research directions.Methods: In this scoping review, we systematically searched major academic databases, including CINAHL, Embase, Google Scholar, PubMed, MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science to identify relevant studies and apply predefined inclusion criteria to select appropriate studies. Subsequently, we analyzed 28 selected papers to identify trends and insights regarding cloud-based rehabilitation and rehabilomics within this study's landscape.Results: This study reports the various applications and outcomes of implementing rehabilomics strategies through cloud-based rehabilitation. In particular, a comprehensive analysis was conducted on 28 studies, including 16 (57%) focused on personalized rehabilitation and 12 (43%) on data security and privacy. The distribution of articles among the 28 studies based on specific keywords included 3 (11%) on the cloud, 4 (14%) on platforms, 4 (14%) on hospitals and rehabilitation centers, 5 (18%) on telehealth, 5 (18%) on home and community, and 7 (25%) on disease and disability. Cloud platforms offer new possibilities for data sharing and collaboration in rehabilomics research, underpinning a patient-centered approach and enhancing the development of personalized therapeutic strategies.Conclusions: This scoping review highlights the potential significance of cloud-based rehabilomics strategies in the field of rehabilitation. The use of cloud platforms is expected to strengthen patient-centered data management and collaboration, contributing to the advancement of innovative strategies and therapeutic developments in rehabilomics.","PeriodicalId":16337,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Internet Research","volume":"27 ","pages":"e54790"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Health and Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Children and Young People: Analysis of Free-Text Responses From the Children and Young People With Long COVID Study.

IF 5.8 2区医学 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

Journal of Medical Internet Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.2196/63634

Natalia K Rojas, Sam Martin, Mario Cortina-Borja, Roz Shafran, Lana Fox-Smith, Terence Stephenson, Brian C F Ching, Anaïs d'Oelsnitz, Tom Norris, Yue Xu, Kelsey McOwat, Emma Dalrymple, Isobel Heyman, Tamsin Ford, Trudie Chalder, Ruth Simmons, Snehal M Pinto Pereira

Background: The literature is equivocal as to whether the predicted negative mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic came to fruition. Some quantitative studies report increased emotional problems and depression; others report improved mental health and well-being. Qualitative explorations reveal heterogeneity, with themes ranging from feelings of loss to growth and development.

Objective: This study aims to analyze free-text responses from children and young people participating in the Children and Young People With Long COVID study to get a clearer understanding of how young people were feeling during the pandemic.

Methods: A total of 8224 free-text responses from children and young people were analyzed using InfraNodus, an artificial intelligence-powered text network analysis tool, to determine the most prevalent topics. A random subsample of 411 (5%) of the 8224 responses underwent a manual sentiment analysis; this was reweighted to represent the general population of children and young people in England.

Results: Experiences fell into 6 main overlapping topical clusters: school, examination stress, mental health, emotional impact of the pandemic, social and family support, and physical health (including COVID-19 symptoms). Sentiment analysis showed that statements were largely negative (314/411, 76.4%), with a small proportion being positive (57/411, 13.9%). Those reporting negative sentiment were mostly female (227/314, 72.3%), while those reporting positive sentiment were mostly older (170/314, 54.1%). There were significant observed associations between sentiment and COVID-19 status as well as sex (P=.001 and P<.001, respectively) such that the majority of the responses, regardless of COVID-19 status or sex, were negative; for example, 84.1% (227/270) of the responses from female individuals and 61.7% (87/141) of those from male individuals were negative. There were no observed associations between sentiment and all other examined demographics. The results were broadly similar when reweighted to the general population of children and young people in England: 78.52% (negative), 13.23% (positive), and 8.24% (neutral).

Conclusions: We used InfraNodus to analyze free-text responses from a large sample of children and young people. The majority of responses (314/411, 76.4%) were negative, and many of the children and young people reported experiencing distress across a range of domains related to school, social situations, and mental health. Our findings add to the literature, highlighting the importance of specific considerations for children and young people when responding to national emergencies.

{"title":"Health and Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Children and Young People: Analysis of Free-Text Responses From the Children and Young People With Long COVID Study.","authors":"Natalia K Rojas, Sam Martin, Mario Cortina-Borja, Roz Shafran, Lana Fox-Smith, Terence Stephenson, Brian C F Ching, Anaïs d'Oelsnitz, Tom Norris, Yue Xu, Kelsey McOwat, Emma Dalrymple, Isobel Heyman, Tamsin Ford, Trudie Chalder, Ruth Simmons, Snehal M Pinto Pereira","doi":"10.2196/63634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/63634","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The literature is equivocal as to whether the predicted negative mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic came to fruition. Some quantitative studies report increased emotional problems and depression; others report improved mental health and well-being. Qualitative explorations reveal heterogeneity, with themes ranging from feelings of loss to growth and development.Objective: This study aims to analyze free-text responses from children and young people participating in the Children and Young People With Long COVID study to get a clearer understanding of how young people were feeling during the pandemic.Methods: A total of 8224 free-text responses from children and young people were analyzed using InfraNodus, an artificial intelligence-powered text network analysis tool, to determine the most prevalent topics. A random subsample of 411 (5%) of the 8224 responses underwent a manual sentiment analysis; this was reweighted to represent the general population of children and young people in England.Results: Experiences fell into 6 main overlapping topical clusters: school, examination stress, mental health, emotional impact of the pandemic, social and family support, and physical health (including COVID-19 symptoms). Sentiment analysis showed that statements were largely negative (314/411, 76.4%), with a small proportion being positive (57/411, 13.9%). Those reporting negative sentiment were mostly female (227/314, 72.3%), while those reporting positive sentiment were mostly older (170/314, 54.1%). There were significant observed associations between sentiment and COVID-19 status as well as sex (P=.001 and P<.001, respectively) such that the majority of the responses, regardless of COVID-19 status or sex, were negative; for example, 84.1% (227/270) of the responses from female individuals and 61.7% (87/141) of those from male individuals were negative. There were no observed associations between sentiment and all other examined demographics. The results were broadly similar when reweighted to the general population of children and young people in England: 78.52% (negative), 13.23% (positive), and 8.24% (neutral).Conclusions: We used InfraNodus to analyze free-text responses from a large sample of children and young people. The majority of responses (314/411, 76.4%) were negative, and many of the children and young people reported experiencing distress across a range of domains related to school, social situations, and mental health. Our findings add to the literature, highlighting the importance of specific considerations for children and young people when responding to national emergencies.","PeriodicalId":16337,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Internet Research","volume":"27 ","pages":"e63634"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Implementing Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety in Adults: Systematic Review.

IF 5.8 2区医学 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

Journal of Medical Internet Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.2196/47927

Daniel Duffy, Derek Richards, Garrett Hisler, Ladislav Timulak

Background: Scientific implementation findings relevant to the implementation of internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) for depression and anxiety in adults remain sparse and scattered across different sources of published information. Identifying evidence-based factors that influence the implementation of iCBT is key to successfully using iCBT in real-world clinical settings.Objective: This systematic review evaluated the following: (1) aspects that research articles postulate as important for the implementation of iCBT and (2) aspects relevant to the day-to-day running of iCBT services. A mixed methods systematic review using a convergent synthesis design was conducted to bring together evidence across this sparse literature consisting of divergent scientific article types to investigate the implementation of iCBT for depression and anxiety in adults.Methods: We searched the PsycINFO, PsycArticles, MEDLINE, CINAHL Complete, and Embase databases for any published peer-reviewed scientific articles that report on the implementation of iCBT for depression or anxiety disorders in adults. A total of 40 articles spanning the case study, commentary, meta-analysis, mixed methods study, pilot randomized controlled trial, randomized controlled trial, qualitative study, quantitative study, review, and systematic review article types were identified as eligible for this mixed methods review. Data were analyzed qualitatively using the descriptive-interpretive approach.Results: The first domain highlighted the impact of therapist and patient attitudes when implementing iCBT, the superiority of guided iCBT over unguided iCBT, its noninferiority to equivalent face-to-face treatments, and its utility outside of the original target of mild-to-moderate depression and anxiety. In total, 3 subdomains were identified under the second domain: (1) the management of iCBT in the workplace, detailing the importance of managing the iCBT service, related staff, and their motivations for using it; (2) the practice of iCBT in the workplace, describing the therapeutic aspects of iCBT provision, such as the provision of support, the background of supporters, and screening procedures; and (3) contextual considerations, detailing the impact of governmental legislation on therapy conducted over the internet, the lack of an iCBT workforce as a limiting factor, and the cost estimates associated with iCBT provision.Conclusions: Broadly, the findings describe several aspects that should be taken into account when researchers or practitioners implement iCBT as part of their work. However, the findings should be interpreted with caution, as the articles reviewed spanned many article types, and few of the included studies were directly focused on evaluating the implementation of iCBT. While findings provide insight into important factors to consider during i

{"title":"Implementing Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety in Adults: Systematic Review.","authors":"Daniel Duffy, Derek Richards, Garrett Hisler, Ladislav Timulak","doi":"10.2196/47927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/47927","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Scientific implementation findings relevant to the implementation of internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) for depression and anxiety in adults remain sparse and scattered across different sources of published information. Identifying evidence-based factors that influence the implementation of iCBT is key to successfully using iCBT in real-world clinical settings.Objective: This systematic review evaluated the following: (1) aspects that research articles postulate as important for the implementation of iCBT and (2) aspects relevant to the day-to-day running of iCBT services. A mixed methods systematic review using a convergent synthesis design was conducted to bring together evidence across this sparse literature consisting of divergent scientific article types to investigate the implementation of iCBT for depression and anxiety in adults.Methods: We searched the PsycINFO, PsycArticles, MEDLINE, CINAHL Complete, and Embase databases for any published peer-reviewed scientific articles that report on the implementation of iCBT for depression or anxiety disorders in adults. A total of 40 articles spanning the case study, commentary, meta-analysis, mixed methods study, pilot randomized controlled trial, randomized controlled trial, qualitative study, quantitative study, review, and systematic review article types were identified as eligible for this mixed methods review. Data were analyzed qualitatively using the descriptive-interpretive approach.Results: The first domain highlighted the impact of therapist and patient attitudes when implementing iCBT, the superiority of guided iCBT over unguided iCBT, its noninferiority to equivalent face-to-face treatments, and its utility outside of the original target of mild-to-moderate depression and anxiety. In total, 3 subdomains were identified under the second domain: (1) the management of iCBT in the workplace, detailing the importance of managing the iCBT service, related staff, and their motivations for using it; (2) the practice of iCBT in the workplace, describing the therapeutic aspects of iCBT provision, such as the provision of support, the background of supporters, and screening procedures; and (3) contextual considerations, detailing the impact of governmental legislation on therapy conducted over the internet, the lack of an iCBT workforce as a limiting factor, and the cost estimates associated with iCBT provision.Conclusions: Broadly, the findings describe several aspects that should be taken into account when researchers or practitioners implement iCBT as part of their work. However, the findings should be interpreted with caution, as the articles reviewed spanned many article types, and few of the included studies were directly focused on evaluating the implementation of iCBT. While findings provide insight into important factors to consider during i","PeriodicalId":16337,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Internet Research","volume":"27 ","pages":"e47927"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Use of Augmented Reality for Training Assistance in Laparoscopic Surgery: Scoping Literature Review.

IF 5.8 2区医学 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

Journal of Medical Internet Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.2196/58108

Francisco Javier Celdrán, Javier Jiménez-Ruescas, Carlos Lobato, Lucía Salazar, Juan Alberto Sánchez-Margallo, Francisco M Sánchez-Margallo, Pascual González

Background: Laparoscopic surgery training is a demanding process requiring technical and nontechnical skills. Surgical training has evolved from traditional approaches to the use of immersive digital technologies such as virtual, augmented, and mixed reality. These technologies are now integral to laparoscopic surgery training.Objective: This scoping literature review aimed to analyze the current augmented reality (AR) solutions used in laparoscopic surgery training.Methods: Following the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines, we conducted a scoping review using 4 databases: Scopus, IEEE Xplore, PubMed, and ACM. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to select relevant articles. Exclusion criteria were studies not using AR, not focused on laparoscopic surgery, not focused on training, written in a language other than English, or not providing relevant information on the topics studied. After selecting the articles, research questions (RQs) were formulated to guide the review. In total, 2 independent reviewers then extracted relevant data, and a descriptive analysis of the results was conducted.Results: Of 246 initial records, 172 (69.9%) remained after removing duplicates. After applying the exclusion criteria, 76 articles were selected, with 25 (33%) later excluded for not meeting quality standards, leaving 51 (67%) in the final review. Among the devices analyzed (RQ 1), AR video-based devices were the most prevalent (43/51, 84%). The most common information provided by AR devices (RQ 1) focused on task execution and patient-related data, both appearing in 20% (10/51) of studies. Regarding sensorization (RQ 2), most studies (46/51, 90%) incorporated some form of sensorized environment, with computer vision being the most used technology (21/46, 46%) and the trainee the most frequently sensorized element (41/51, 80%). Regarding training setups (RQ 3), 39% (20/51) of the studies used commercial simulators, and 51% (26/51) made use of artificial models. Concerning the evaluation methods (RQ 4), objective evaluation was the most used, featured in 71% (36/51) of the studies. Regarding tasks (RQ 5), 43% (22/51) of studies focused on full surgical procedures, whereas 57% (29/51) focused on simple training tasks, with suturing being the most common among the latter (11/29, 38%).Conclusions: This scoping review highlights the evolving role of AR technologies in laparoscopic surgery training, although the impact of optical see-through devices remains unclear due to their limited use. It underscores the potential of emerging technologies such as haptic feedback, computer vision, and eye tracking to further enhance laparoscopic skill acquisition. While most relevant articles from other databases were included, some studies may have been missed due to the

{"title":"Use of Augmented Reality for Training Assistance in Laparoscopic Surgery: Scoping Literature Review.","authors":"Francisco Javier Celdrán, Javier Jiménez-Ruescas, Carlos Lobato, Lucía Salazar, Juan Alberto Sánchez-Margallo, Francisco M Sánchez-Margallo, Pascual González","doi":"10.2196/58108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/58108","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Laparoscopic surgery training is a demanding process requiring technical and nontechnical skills. Surgical training has evolved from traditional approaches to the use of immersive digital technologies such as virtual, augmented, and mixed reality. These technologies are now integral to laparoscopic surgery training.Objective: This scoping literature review aimed to analyze the current augmented reality (AR) solutions used in laparoscopic surgery training.Methods: Following the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines, we conducted a scoping review using 4 databases: Scopus, IEEE Xplore, PubMed, and ACM. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to select relevant articles. Exclusion criteria were studies not using AR, not focused on laparoscopic surgery, not focused on training, written in a language other than English, or not providing relevant information on the topics studied. After selecting the articles, research questions (RQs) were formulated to guide the review. In total, 2 independent reviewers then extracted relevant data, and a descriptive analysis of the results was conducted.Results: Of 246 initial records, 172 (69.9%) remained after removing duplicates. After applying the exclusion criteria, 76 articles were selected, with 25 (33%) later excluded for not meeting quality standards, leaving 51 (67%) in the final review. Among the devices analyzed (RQ 1), AR video-based devices were the most prevalent (43/51, 84%). The most common information provided by AR devices (RQ 1) focused on task execution and patient-related data, both appearing in 20% (10/51) of studies. Regarding sensorization (RQ 2), most studies (46/51, 90%) incorporated some form of sensorized environment, with computer vision being the most used technology (21/46, 46%) and the trainee the most frequently sensorized element (41/51, 80%). Regarding training setups (RQ 3), 39% (20/51) of the studies used commercial simulators, and 51% (26/51) made use of artificial models. Concerning the evaluation methods (RQ 4), objective evaluation was the most used, featured in 71% (36/51) of the studies. Regarding tasks (RQ 5), 43% (22/51) of studies focused on full surgical procedures, whereas 57% (29/51) focused on simple training tasks, with suturing being the most common among the latter (11/29, 38%).Conclusions: This scoping review highlights the evolving role of AR technologies in laparoscopic surgery training, although the impact of optical see-through devices remains unclear due to their limited use. It underscores the potential of emerging technologies such as haptic feedback, computer vision, and eye tracking to further enhance laparoscopic skill acquisition. While most relevant articles from other databases were included, some studies may have been missed due to the ","PeriodicalId":16337,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Internet Research","volume":"27 ","pages":"e58108"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0