Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure最新文献_第2页

Benign Phyllodes Tumor with Extensive Cystic Squamous Metaplasia, Clinically Presenting as Malignant Phyllodes 良性鳞状上皮细胞瘤伴广泛囊性鳞状增生，临床表现为恶性鳞状上皮细胞瘤

Q3 Medicine

Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure

Pub Date : 2024-01-16 DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_117_23

Mousmi Agrawal, Nighat Hussain, R. Ramchandani, Amit Kumar Chowhan

Phyllodes tumor are very rare fibroepithelial lesions which comprises 0.3%–1% of all primary breast tumors with peak age around 40–50 years. Phyllodes tumor are classified ino three types: Benign, borderline and malignant tumors. Metaplastic change is very rare in these tumors and can involve both epithelial or stromal components. Stromal metaplastic changes include cartilage, bony or fatty change. Epithelial metaplastic changes include apocrine or squamous change. About 10% of phyllodes tumor show squamous metaplasia. We report a case of 47-year-old patient presenting with large lump in right breast measuring 16 cm × 15 cm × 11 cm, occupying all four quadrants. Clinically, it appeared as malignant phyllodes. But, microscopically, it was benign phyllodes tumor having extensive cystic squamous metaplasia.

皮样瘤是一种非常罕见的纤维上皮性病变，占所有原发性乳腺肿瘤的 0.3%-1%，高发年龄在 40-50 岁左右。皮样肿瘤分为三种类型：良性肿瘤、边缘型肿瘤和恶性肿瘤。蜕变在这些肿瘤中非常罕见，可涉及上皮或基质成分。基质变性包括软骨、骨质或脂肪变化。上皮变性包括杏仁样变或鳞状变。大约10%的鳞状细胞瘤表现为鳞状变。我们报告了一例 47 岁患者的病例，患者右侧乳房有一个大肿块，大小为 16 厘米 × 15 厘米 × 11 厘米，占据了四个象限。临床表现为恶性蝶形瘤。但在显微镜下，它是良性蝶形瘤，有广泛的囊性鳞状化生。

引用次数: 0

Salivary Oxidative Stress Assessment in Tobacco Users with and without Potentially Malignant Disorders and Micronuclei Estimation using Fluorescent Microscopy 使用荧光显微镜评估有潜在恶性疾病和无潜在恶性疾病烟草使用者的唾液氧化应激以及微核数量

Q3 Medicine

Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure

Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_73_23

G. Sudha, Priyadharsini Nataraj, R. Krishnan, A. Rameshkumar

Consumption of tobacco in either smoking or nonsmoking form produces free radicals, contributing to an increased risk of oral cancer as a result of oxidative stress. Biochemical changes in antioxidant enzymes are responsible for tobacco-associated oral carcinogenesis. Due to the production of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress, the promotion of carcinogenesis occurs in the cells. Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) is an assembly of benign lesions with morphologically altered clinical or histopathological tissue that has a greater than normal risk of transforming into malignant lesions after diagnosis at a later date. Micronuclei are the goal site for early genotoxic events and are involved in carcinogenic events. Micronuclei in exfoliated cells are useful biomarkers in assessing cytogenetic damage. Early detection will help to devise appropriate treatment plans, thereby improving patient survival rates. To estimate the salivary superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels and the expression of micronuclei in exfoliated buccal cells of tobacco users before the onset of tobacco-induced oral lesions and correlating the same with patients with OPMDs to determine if this can be useful in predicting early malignant potential in subjects with habitual tobacco usage. The study included three groups. Group I – Tobacco users with OPMD (n = 50), Group II – Tobacco users without OPMD (n = 50), and Group III – Healthy controls (n = 50). Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was done for saliva samples for quantification of salivary SOD. Exfoliated buccal cells were smeared and stained with acridine orange stain and viewed under a fluorescent microscope for micronuclei estimation. The study showed a significant difference in salivary SOD levels and increased micronuclei expression among tobacco users than healthy controls. Our study results revealed a gradual and steady decrease of SOD levels and increased micronuclei expression from healthy control to tobacco users without lesions and tobacco users with lesion, and this can be used as an effective noninvasive early diagnostic biomarker in assessing malignant progression in tobacco users. Furthermore, the evaluation of micronuclei estimation can serve as a simple, quick, and noninvasive chair-side procedure for regular oral cancer screening in patients with tobacco usage.

吸烟或不吸烟都会产生自由基，氧化应激会增加罹患口腔癌的风险。抗氧化酶的生化变化是烟草相关口腔癌发生的原因。由于活性氧和氧化应激的产生，促进了细胞发生癌变。口腔潜在恶性病变（OPMDs）是临床或组织病理学组织形态改变的良性病变的集合体，日后确诊后转化为恶性病变的风险大于正常值。微核是早期基因毒性事件的目标部位，并参与致癌事件。脱落细胞中的微核是评估细胞遗传损伤的有用生物标志物。早期检测有助于制定适当的治疗方案，从而提高患者的存活率。在烟草引起的口腔病变发生之前，估算烟草使用者唾液超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）水平和脱落的颊细胞中微核的表达，并将其与口腔恶性肿瘤患者进行对比，以确定这是否有助于预测有吸烟习惯的受试者的早期恶性可能性。研究包括三组。第一组--患有口腔恶性肿瘤的烟草使用者（n = 50），第二组--不患有口腔恶性肿瘤的烟草使用者（n = 50），第三组--健康对照组（n = 50）。对唾液样本进行三明治酶联免疫吸附测定，以量化唾液 SOD。将脱落的口腔细胞涂抹在吖啶橙染色剂上，并在荧光显微镜下观察，以估算微核。研究结果表明，与健康对照组相比，烟草使用者的唾液 SOD 水平存在明显差异，微核表达也有所增加。我们的研究结果表明，从健康对照组到无病变的烟草使用者和有病变的烟草使用者，唾液中的SOD水平逐渐稳定下降，微核表达增加，这可作为评估烟草使用者恶性发展的一种有效的无创早期诊断生物标志物。此外，微核估计评估可作为一种简单、快速、无创的椅旁程序，用于定期筛查吸烟患者的口腔癌。

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引用次数: 0

Odontome – A Single-institutional Cross-sectional Study of 31 Years from Mumbai and Case Report with Modified Gallego’s Stain 牙体畸形--孟买 31 年的单机构横断面研究及使用改良加列戈染色法的病例报告

Q3 Medicine

Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure

Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_66_23

Sandhya Tamgadge, T. Pereira, Rishikesh Mehta, Asma Wagle, A. Tamgadge, K. Bhor

Odontomas are the most prevalent type of benign odontogenic tumor. They are made up of several dental hard and soft tissues arranged in diverse patterns. They have slowed growth and normally do not have any symptoms to go along with it. They are not regarded as real neoplasms and are more commonly referred to as hamartomas. There have been very few retrospective studies published in the literature. The aim of this study was to examine the clinical findings and histological aspects of 17 odontoma cases as a single-institutional investigation. It is a study that was conducted in the past. Data from 17 odontoma cases were collected, then separated, and statistically analyzed based on the number of instances reported, the kind of odontoma, the site of occurrence, age, sex, clinical and histological features, and so on. A brief case report is also provided. Of the 17 cases of odontoma reported, 14 were complex odontoma and only 3 were compound odontoma. The age group of 20–29 years had the highest incidence. It was discovered more commonly in the lower jaw than in the maxilla. The study indicated a higher prevalence of complex odontomas than compound odontomas in males aged 20–29 years (third decade of life). Early detection and treatment are critical for avoiding disparities.

牙瘤是最常见的一种良性牙源性肿瘤。它们由多个牙齿硬组织和软组织以不同的模式排列而成。它们生长缓慢，通常没有任何症状。它们不被视为真正的肿瘤，通常被称为hamartomas。文献中发表的回顾性研究很少。本研究的目的是对 17 例牙瘤病例的临床发现和组织学方面进行研究，作为一项单一机构调查。这是一项在过去进行的研究。收集了 17 例牙瘤病例的数据，然后根据报告的例数、牙瘤的种类、发生部位、年龄、性别、临床和组织学特征等进行分类和统计分析。此外，还提供了一份简要的病例报告。在报告的 17 例牙瘤中，14 例为复合型牙瘤，只有 3 例为复合型牙瘤。20-29 岁年龄组的发病率最高。下颌比上颌更常见。研究表明，在 20-29 岁（人生的第三个十年）的男性中，复杂性牙瘤的发病率高于复合性牙瘤。早期发现和治疗对于避免差异至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Mast Cell Metabolism: A Viable Therapeutic Target against Intraoral Neurofibroma 肥大细胞代谢：口内神经纤维瘤的可行治疗靶点

Q3 Medicine

Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure

Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_3_23

Shefali Yadav, DeviCharan Shetty, N. Gulati, A. Jain

Neurofibroma being benign in its behavior remains silent in existence and hence can be mistaken for various reactive lesions of the oral cavity such as fibroma, peripheral giant cell granuloma, or peripheral ossifying fibroma. Although it is a well-established fact that mast cells play the utmost significance in the tumorigenesis of such tumors, little is known about their importance in treatment modalities. Hence, we intend to present a case of intraoral neurofibroma emphasizing the significance of mast cells in therapeutic intervention of neurofibromas (NFs) as such tumors can be accompanied by syndromes and hence necessitates the thorough clinical as well as microscopical analysis as well as an adequate therapeutic approach. Our case revealed the presence of mast cells in the stroma which was further confirmed with toluidine blue staining. Infiltration of mast cells is frequently seen in NF; however, its presence is uncommon in other neoplasms. This distinctive feature can be taken as a target of interest in neurofibroma research. Current clinical treatment options for NF are limited to surgical removal and follow-up of the case. Hence, this warrants the need of better understanding of the role of mast cell-based targeted therapy for such cases. The strategies formulated against the tumors associated with neurofibroma cannot be only applied after the encounter with sporadic counterparts, specifically in terms of benign tumors linked to such disorders. The noteworthy significance of tumor microenvironment in tumorigenesis necessitates adequate clinical examination, followed by delineation of the differential diagnosis and therapeutic approach toward such cases.

神经纤维瘤是一种良性肿瘤，无声无息，因此容易被误认为是口腔的各种反应性病变，如纤维瘤、外周巨细胞肉芽肿或外周骨化性纤维瘤。虽然肥大细胞在此类肿瘤的形成过程中起着至关重要的作用已是公认的事实，但人们对其在治疗方法中的重要性却知之甚少。因此，我们打算介绍一例口腔内神经纤维瘤病例，强调肥大细胞在神经纤维瘤（NFs）治疗干预中的重要性，因为此类肿瘤可能伴有综合征，因此需要进行全面的临床和显微镜分析，并采取适当的治疗方法。我们的病例显示基质中存在肥大细胞，甲苯胺蓝染色进一步证实了这一点。肥大细胞浸润常见于 NF，但在其他肿瘤中并不常见。这一显著特征可作为神经纤维瘤研究的目标。目前，NF 的临床治疗方法仅限于手术切除和病例随访。因此，有必要更好地了解肥大细胞靶向疗法在此类病例中的作用。针对神经纤维瘤相关肿瘤制定的策略不能只在遇到散发性肿瘤后才应用，特别是与此类疾病相关的良性肿瘤。肿瘤微环境在肿瘤发生中的重要作用需要进行充分的临床检查，然后确定鉴别诊断和治疗方法。

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引用次数: 0

Structural and Biochemical Effects of Plumbagin on Sofosbuvir-induced Renal Cortical Injury in Rats: Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha, Interleukin-6, JAK2/STAT3, and Nuclear Factor Kappa B-induced Inflammation 普鲁卡因对索非布韦诱导的大鼠肾皮质损伤的结构和生化效应：肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-6、JAK2/STAT3 和核因子卡巴 B 诱导的炎症的作用

Q3 Medicine

Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure

Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_23_23

Samah Kandeel, Eman M. El-Beltagi

Hepatitis caused by virus C results in serious health complications. Sofosbuvir is effective for treating hepatitis C but, with side effects especially on kidneys. Plumbagin is a natural plant with a powerful anti-inflammatory effect. The assessment of plumbagin effect on the renal cortical damage in rats induced by sofosbuvir, by assessing tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), JAK2/STAT3 and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Forty adult rats (250–300 g) were divided into: group 1 (control); Group 2 received sofosbuvir 36 mg/kg; Group 3 received sofosbuvir and low dose of plumbagin (5 mg/kg); Group 4 received sofosbuvir and mid-dose of plumbagin (10 mg/kg); Group 5 received sofosbuvir and high dose of plumbagin (20 mg/kg); and Group 6 (sofosbuvir recovery). Drugs were taken once daily orally for 8 weeks. Blood samples were collected for the assessment of renal functions and serum TNF-α and IL-6. Renal specimens were processed for both measuring tissue JAK2/STAT3 levels and for histological and immunohistochemical studies. Group 2 showed a significant rise of blood urea and serum creatinine, serum TNF-α and IL-6, tissue JAK2/STAT3, hematoxylin and eosin significant histopathological changes, significant increase of collagen area density at Masson’s trichrome and significant rise of NF-κB-positive cells. Plumbagin treated groups showed dose-dependent amelioration of the preceding results. The recovery group showed partial recovery. Plumbagin has an ameliorating dose-dependent effect against sofosbuvir-induced renal cortical damage in rats rather than those left to recover alone through its antiinflammatory action. Hence, plumbagin could be promising for the treatment of different inflammatory diseases.

由丙型肝炎病毒引起的肝炎会导致严重的健康并发症。索非布韦对治疗丙型肝炎有效，但有副作用，尤其是对肾脏。Plumbagin 是一种天然植物，具有强大的抗炎作用。通过评估肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、JAK2/STAT3 和核因子卡巴 B（NF-κB），评估了 Plumbagin 对索非布韦诱导的大鼠肾皮质损伤的影响。 40 只成年大鼠（250-300 克）被分为：第 1 组（对照组）；第 2 组接受索非布韦 36 毫克/千克；第 3 组接受索非布韦和低剂量普仑巴金（5 毫克/千克）；第 4 组接受索非布韦和中等剂量普仑巴金（10 毫克/千克）；第 5 组接受索非布韦和高剂量普仑巴金（20 毫克/千克）；第 6 组（索非布韦恢复期）。每天口服一次药物，持续 8 周。采集血液样本用于评估肾功能、血清 TNF-α 和 IL-6。对肾脏标本进行处理，以测量组织中的 JAK2/STAT3 水平，并进行组织学和免疫组化研究。第 2 组的血尿素和血清肌酐、血清 TNF-α 和 IL-6、组织 JAK2/STAT3、苏木精和伊红组织病理学变化显著，Masson 三色胶原区域密度显著增加，NF-κB 阳性细胞显著增加。经普鲁巴金治疗的各组对上述结果的改善呈剂量依赖性。恢复组显示部分恢复。通过抗炎作用，Plumbagin对索非布韦诱导的大鼠肾皮质损伤具有剂量依赖性的改善作用，而不是让其单独恢复。因此，Plumbagin有望用于治疗不同的炎症性疾病。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative Evaluation of Antifungal Property of Acrylic Resin Reinforced with Magnesium Oxide and Silver Nanoparticles and their Effect on Cytotoxic Levels: An In vitro Study 氧化镁和纳米银增强丙烯酸树脂抗真菌性能的比较评估及其对细胞毒性水平的影响：体外研究

Q3 Medicine

Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure

Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_58_23

Meekha Peter, Mahantesh Bembalagi, Hema Kanathila, Varkey Nadakkavukaran Santhosh, Treasa Richa Roy, Mibin Monsy

About 65% of people who wear dentures suffer from denture stomatitis, a prevalent pathologic illness that is commonly linked to Candida albicans. The necessity for the creation of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) materials with intrinsic activity is brought on by increasing resistance of microbes. The study’s objectives were to examine and compare the antifungal properties of acrylic resin by adding silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgONPs), as well as to determine its cellular toxicity at various nanoparticle concentrations on mouse fibroblasts. A total of 84 samples were created, including 12 control samples, 36 samples of PMMA resin reinforced with AgNPs, and 36 samples of PMMA resin reinforced with MgONPs. Disk diffusion technique was used to assess the antifungal effectiveness of the samples. By using the MTT test, the cytotoxicity of various nanoparticle concentrations was evaluated. Analysis of variance test and unpaired t-test were used to analyze the data, and then Tukey’s post hoc test was performed. The mean values for AgNPs and MgONPs at 2%, 4%, and 6% after 24 h were 13.71 ± 2.07, 18.58 ± 1.62, and 27.96 ± 1.76 and 11.63 ± 1.35, 14.38 ± 1.63, and 18.25 ± 1.39, respectively. In contrast to the MgONPs group, samples with AgNPs showed greater antifungal efficacy against C. albicans. On mouse fibroblasts, MgONP concentrations showed more cytotoxicity, but AgNP concentrations showed less cytotoxicity. By adding AgNPs and MgONPs to acrylic resins, which are highly efficient against C. albicans, denture stomatitis can be treated.

约 65% 的假牙佩戴者患有假牙口腔炎，这是一种常见的病理疾病，通常与白色念珠菌有关。由于微生物的抵抗力不断增强，因此有必要制造具有内在活性的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）材料。这项研究的目的是通过添加银纳米粒子（AgNPs）和氧化镁纳米粒子（MgONPs）来检验和比较丙烯酸树脂的抗真菌特性，并确定不同纳米粒子浓度对小鼠成纤维细胞的细胞毒性。共制作了 84 个样品，包括 12 个对照样品、36 个用 AgNPs 增强的 PMMA 树脂样品和 36 个用 MgONPs 增强的 PMMA 树脂样品。采用磁盘扩散技术评估样品的抗真菌效果。使用 MTT 试验评估了不同浓度纳米粒子的细胞毒性。数据分析采用方差分析和非配对 t 检验，然后进行 Tukey 后检验。 24小时后，AgNPs和MgONPs在2%、4%和6%浓度下的平均值分别为13.71±2.07、18.58±1.62和27.96±1.76，以及11.63±1.35、14.38±1.63和18.25±1.39。与 MgONPs 组相比，AgNPs 样品对白僵菌具有更强的抗真菌功效。在小鼠成纤维细胞中，MgONP 浓度的细胞毒性更大，而 AgNP 浓度的细胞毒性较小。通过在丙烯酸树脂中添加 AgNPs 和 MgONPs，可以治疗义齿口腔炎。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative Evaluation of the Shaping Ability of the Recent, Fifth-generation ProTaper Next and Revo-S NiTi Rotary Endodontic Files Using Three-dimensional Imaging: An Imaging-based Study 使用三维成像技术比较评估最新第五代 ProTaper Next 和 Revo-S NiTi 旋转根管针的成型能力：基于成像的研究

Q3 Medicine

Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure

Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_82_23

Prajna Pattanaik, Akilan Balasubramanian, P. Veeralakshmi, Gautam Singh, Vandana Sadananda, Hina Ahmed, J. Babu, C. Swarnalatha, A. Nayyar

The aim of the present study was to assess the shaping ability of the recent, fifth-generation ProTaper Next and Revo-S NiTi rotary endodontic files using three-dimensional imaging. For the present in vitro study, 100 freshly extracted mandibular first molars indicated for extraction due to periodontal reasons were collected, while samples were cleaned and the angle of curvature was determined using Weine’s method. The access cavity was prepared using Endo Access Kit, while samples were divided into four groups to be prepared by ProTaper Next and Revo-S rotary endodontic files with or without using Glide path. The canal preparations were done in conjunction with Endo Prep RC, while the shaping ability of the instruments was assessed on the basis of canal transportation and canal-centering ability as assessed from pre- and postoperative cone-beam computed tomography images acquired before and after instrumentation. Statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Kruskal–Wallis H-test was used to compare canal transportation and canal-centering ability of the two file systems among different groups. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Revo-S files when used with Glide path performed best at 2 mm distance from the apical portion of teeth with zero apical transportation in case of both mesiobuccal (MB) and mesiolingual canals. Furthermore, ProTaper Next files when used with or without Glide path showed higher canal-centering ability as compared to Revo-S files with the mean value being 0.83 ± 0.29 mm in either case when observed at 2 mm distance from the apical portion of teeth in case of MB canals. Within the limitations of the present study, the findings obtained in the study suggested that ProTaper Next files had optimal canal-centering ability within the canal as compared to Revo-S files.

本研究的目的是利用三维成像技术评估最新的第五代 ProTaper Next 和 Revo-S NiTi 旋转根管针的塑形能力。在本体外研究中，收集了 100 颗因牙周原因而需要拔除的新鲜下颌第一磨牙，对样本进行了清洁，并使用 Weine 方法确定了曲率角。使用 Endo 通路套件制备通路洞，并将样本分为四组，分别使用 ProTaper Next 和 Revo-S 旋转根管锉（使用或不使用 Glide 路径）进行制备。根管预备是与 Endo Prep RC 一起完成的，而器械的成型能力则是根据术前和术后采集的锥形束计算机断层扫描图像来评估的。统计分析采用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）16.0 版（SPSS Inc.）Kruskal-Wallis H 检验用于比较不同组间两种锉系统的管路运输和管路对中能力。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。 Revo-S锉与Glide路径配合使用时，在距离牙齿根尖2毫米处表现最佳，在中颊面（MB）和中舌面牙管的情况下，根尖运输均为零。此外，与Revo-S锉相比，使用或不使用Glide路径的ProTaper Next锉显示出更高的管道对中能力，在距离牙齿根尖2毫米处观察MB管道时，两种情况下的平均值均为0.83 ± 0.29毫米。在本研究的局限性范围内，研究结果表明，与Revo-S锉相比，ProTaper Next锉在牙道内具有最佳的牙道定心能力。

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引用次数: 0

"Ayoub-Shklar" as a Special Stain for Keratin: A Histopathological Study. 作为角蛋白特殊染色剂的 "Ayoub-Shklar"：组织病理学研究。

Q3 Medicine

Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure

Pub Date : 2023-09-06 eCollection Date: 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_34_23

Raman Dineja, Harikrishnan Prasad, KenniyanKumar Sri Chinthu, Muthusamy Rajmohan

Background: Special stains in histopathological studies are used to identify the structures with different dyes apart from the routine stain hematoxylin and Eosin (H and E). The component which is present in the special stains will have a specific bond and affinity for particular tissue components in the histological specimen. Structures like keratin takes up an eosinophilic stain in routine (H and E) staining. Most of the potentially malignant disorders and carcinomas arise due to the keratinization defect, which makes keratin an important diagnostic tool. There are different stains such as Ayoub-Shklar (A-S), Dane-Herman (D-H), and rapid Papanicolaou (PAP) which is used to identify keratin. In A-S stain, keratins can be stained in magenta-red and orange colors.

Aim: we compared A-S special stain and routine stain in terms of staining intensity or quality, the pattern of staining, and specificity for staining keratin.

Materials and methods: Thirty cases from the department archives that included 10 well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, 10 verrucous carcinoma, and 10 epithelial dysplasia were taken and each case was stained with both A-S and H and E stain.

Results: A-S showed an almost equal distribution of uniform and patchy staining patterns, but H and E showed more patchy staining patterns in the three groups. H and E stain shows good staining quality than A-S. A-S shows almost 90% of satisfactory staining specificity.

Conclusion: Special stain like A-S stain can be used to stain keratin in different color, but H and E always remain gold standard stain.

背景：在组织病理学研究中，除了常规的苏木精和伊红（H 和 E）染色外，还使用特殊染色来识别结构。特殊染色剂中的成分与组织学标本中的特定组织成分具有特定的结合力和亲和力。在常规（H 和 E）染色中，角蛋白等结构会被嗜酸性染色剂染色。大多数潜在的恶性疾病和癌症都是由于角质化缺陷引起的，因此角蛋白是一种重要的诊断工具。有不同的染色法，如 Ayoub-Shklar 染色法（A-S）、Dane-Herman 染色法（D-H）和快速巴氏染色法（PAP），可用于鉴别角蛋白。在 A-S 染色法中，角蛋白可被染成品红色和橙色。目的：我们比较了 A-S 特殊染色法和常规染色法在染色强度或质量、染色模式以及对角蛋白染色的特异性方面的差异：从科室档案中抽取30个病例，包括10个分化良好的鳞状细胞癌、10个疣状癌和10个上皮发育不良，每个病例都用A-S和H、E染色：结果：A-S染色显示出均匀和斑片状染色模式的几乎均等分布，但H和E染色在三组中显示出更多的斑片状染色模式。与 A-S 相比，H 和 E 染色显示出良好的染色质量。结论：结论：A-S 染色法等特殊染色法可用于对不同颜色的角蛋白进行染色，但 H 和 E 染色法始终是金标准染色法。

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引用次数: 0

Morphological Spectrum of Bone Marrow Aspirates in Infections: A Clinico-Hematological Analysis. 感染性骨髓穿刺的形态学特征：临床血液学分析。

Q3 Medicine

Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure

Pub Date : 2023-09-06 eCollection Date: 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_20_23

Divya Aggarwal, Shilpi More, Ritika Singh, Meera Sikka, Mrinalini Kotru

Context: Bone marrow examination (BME) is an invaluable tool for cases with pyrexia of unknown origin and pancytopenia. However, it is under-utilized for diagnosing infectious etiology and there is a paucity of literature regarding its role in infective pathology.

Aims: This study aims to bring to light the role of BME in diagnosing infectious pathology.

Settings and design: A retrospective study was carried out on bone marrow aspirates (BMAs) sent to the hematology department over the past 4 years. Clinical details, peripheral smears and BMA were retrieved from the records and analyzed.

Subjects and methods: Leishman-stained peripheral smears and BMA were studied along with bone marrow biopsy wherever feasible.

Results: A total of 52 cases were studied. The most common clinical presentation was fever, clinical finding was splenomegaly and hematological finding was anemia. Based on the morphological findings in combination with clinical history, cases were categorized into-parasitic (26.9%), viral (23.1%), tubercular (11.5%), and nonspecific infections (38.5%). Parasites such as Leishmania donovani, microfilaria, plasmodium falciparum, and vivax were reported in 14/52 (27%) cases. Associated BMA findings were plasmacytosis, eosinophilia, reactive lymphocytosis, or dyserythopoiesis. In 38% (20/52) cases, no specific cause of infection was found in the bone marrow. These patients showed histiocytosis, hemophagocytosis, maturation arrest in myeloid lineage, relative myeloid hyperplasia, dysmyelopoiesis, toxic granulation/vacuolation in myeloid cells, lymphocytosis, increased plasma cells or monocytosis in marrow.

Conclusions: Increased histiocytes, hemophagocytosis, dysplastic changes, maturation arrest, relative myeloid hyperplasia or reactive plasmacytosis, lymphocytosis, and monocytosis are BMA features which must alert the pathologist towards an infectious disease process, a knowledge of these changes can help extend the scope of BME beyond hemato-lymphoid malignancies.

背景：骨髓检查（BME）是不明原因热病和全血细胞减少病例的重要工具。目的：本研究旨在揭示骨髓检查在诊断感染性病理中的作用：本研究对过去 4 年中送往血液科的骨髓穿刺样本（BMA）进行了回顾性研究。从病历中检索并分析了临床细节、外周涂片和骨髓穿刺：研究对象和方法：在可行的情况下，对利什曼染色的外周涂片和 BMA 以及骨髓活检进行研究：结果：共研究了 52 个病例。最常见的临床表现是发热，临床发现是脾肿大，血液学发现是贫血。根据形态学结果和临床病史，病例被分为寄生虫感染（26.9%）、病毒感染（23.1%）、结核感染（11.5%）和非特异性感染（38.5%）。14/52（27%）例报告了寄生虫，如唐氏利什曼原虫、微丝蚴、恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫。相关的 BMA 检查结果为浆细胞增多、嗜酸性粒细胞增多、反应性淋巴细胞增多或造血功能障碍。38%（20/52）的病例在骨髓中未发现特定的感染原因。这些患者的骨髓中出现组织细胞增多、嗜血细胞增多、髓系成熟停滞、髓系相对增生、骨髓造血功能障碍、髓系细胞中毒性肉芽/空泡、淋巴细胞增多、浆细胞增多或单核细胞增多：组织细胞增多、嗜血细胞增多、增生异常改变、成熟停滞、髓样细胞相对增生或反应性浆细胞增多、淋巴细胞增多和单核细胞增多是 BMA 的特征，病理学家必须警惕感染性疾病过程，对这些变化的了解有助于将 BME 的范围扩展到血液淋巴系统恶性肿瘤以外。

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引用次数: 0

Dysplastic lining in odontogenic keratocyst: A unique and unanswered feature 牙源性角化囊肿的内衬不全：一个独特且未回答的特征

Q3 Medicine

Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure

Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_120_20

H. Likhithaswamy, Kokila Ganganna, K. A. Ashok Kumar, Mahalakshmi Saibaba

Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is one of the most controversial and extensively studied and discussed odontogenic cyst among oral pathologists and surgeons due to its aggressive behavior and high recurrence rate. Recurrence of OKC is attributed to clinical aspects per se, surgical skill and treatment option or histopathological reasons have been extensively discussed in various literature. Although malignant transformation in OKC has been reported, little is known regarding dysplasia alone in OKC epithelium. In this article, we have highlighted this histological feature which can give a hint in predicting malignant transformation. This may help the clinician to predict the prognosis of the disease and thereby improving the quality of life.

牙源性角化囊肿(Odontogenic keratocyst, OKC)因其具有侵袭性和高复发率，是口腔病理学家和外科医生研究和讨论最多、争议最大的牙源性囊肿之一。OKC的复发可归因于临床本身，手术技巧和治疗选择或组织病理学原因已在各种文献中广泛讨论。虽然OKC中有恶性转化的报道，但很少有关于OKC上皮异常增生的报道。在这篇文章中，我们强调了这一组织学特征，它可以为预测恶性转化提供提示。这可能有助于临床医生预测疾病的预后，从而提高生活质量。

引用次数: 0