Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2167-0943.1000191
L. Roever, E. Resende, Anaisa Silva Roerver Borges
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, and associated with the risks of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). A group of liver-derived proteins called hepatokines directly affect the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by modulating endothelial dysfunction and infiltration of inflammatory cells. In this review we summarize the role of the representative hepatokines in the progression of CVD.
{"title":"The Role of Hepatokines in Cardiovascular Disease","authors":"L. Roever, E. Resende, Anaisa Silva Roerver Borges","doi":"10.4172/2167-0943.1000191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0943.1000191","url":null,"abstract":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, and associated with the risks of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). A group of liver-derived proteins called hepatokines directly affect the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by modulating endothelial dysfunction and infiltration of inflammatory cells. In this review we summarize the role of the representative hepatokines in the progression of CVD.","PeriodicalId":16452,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metabolic syndrome","volume":"42 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73765599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2167-0943.1000193
Jianning Jiang, Jing Cheng, Bao Zhang, S. Guan, Lili Hou
Purpose: The objective of this study was to determine how metformin regulates the major activator of hepatic gluconeogenesis, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) and the PGC-1α controlled liver functions. Methods: In population study, we selected 40-69 years old patients with NAFLD, 77, and 102 healthy subjects as a control group. We detect the levels of serum PGC-1α, MDA and the activity of SOD of the two groups. In vitro study, L-02 cells were treated by 20 μg/ml oleic acid to induce the NAFLD cells model. The control group added ordinary 1640 culture medium. The model group cells were cultured in the medium containing 2.5, 5, 7.5mmol/l concentrations of metformin. Used RT-PCR analysis of PGC-1α mRNA, detected the level of triglycerides in cells, measured the content of MDA and the activity of SOD. Results: In population study, the level of MDA in the case group were increased obviously and the activity of SOD was decreased compared with the control group. There had no difference of the level of PGC-1α between the two groups. In vitro study, compared with the control groups, the level of triglyceride and the concentration of MDA in the model groups were increased and the activity of SOD as well as the expression of PGC-1α mRNA were decreased; When the final concentration of metformin is 7.5 mmol/l, the level of triglyceride and MDA were decreased as well as the activity of SOD and the expression of PGC-1α mRNA were increased compared with the model group. Conclusion: Metformin can adjust the expression of PGC-1α and the level of oxidative stress which can decrease the fat accumulation, Our results thus identify selective modulation of hepatic PGC-1α functions as a novel mechanism involved in the therapeutic action of metformin.
{"title":"The Changes of the Expression of PGC-1ñ and the Level of Oxidative Stress in NAFLD as well as the Effects of Metformin on NAFLD","authors":"Jianning Jiang, Jing Cheng, Bao Zhang, S. Guan, Lili Hou","doi":"10.4172/2167-0943.1000193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0943.1000193","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The objective of this study was to determine how metformin regulates the major activator of hepatic gluconeogenesis, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) and the PGC-1α controlled liver functions. Methods: In population study, we selected 40-69 years old patients with NAFLD, 77, and 102 healthy subjects as a control group. We detect the levels of serum PGC-1α, MDA and the activity of SOD of the two groups. In vitro study, L-02 cells were treated by 20 μg/ml oleic acid to induce the NAFLD cells model. The control group added ordinary 1640 culture medium. The model group cells were cultured in the medium containing 2.5, 5, 7.5mmol/l concentrations of metformin. Used RT-PCR analysis of PGC-1α mRNA, detected the level of triglycerides in cells, measured the content of MDA and the activity of SOD. Results: In population study, the level of MDA in the case group were increased obviously and the activity of SOD was decreased compared with the control group. There had no difference of the level of PGC-1α between the two groups. In vitro study, compared with the control groups, the level of triglyceride and the concentration of MDA in the model groups were increased and the activity of SOD as well as the expression of PGC-1α mRNA were decreased; When the final concentration of metformin is 7.5 mmol/l, the level of triglyceride and MDA were decreased as well as the activity of SOD and the expression of PGC-1α mRNA were increased compared with the model group. Conclusion: Metformin can adjust the expression of PGC-1α and the level of oxidative stress which can decrease the fat accumulation, Our results thus identify selective modulation of hepatic PGC-1α functions as a novel mechanism involved in the therapeutic action of metformin.","PeriodicalId":16452,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metabolic syndrome","volume":"1010 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88097329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2167-0943.1000192
A. Haq, A. Giasuddin, K. Jhuma, M. Choudhury
Objective: As no studies were reported from Bangladesh, the present study was conducted on serum lipid profile, i.e. triglyceride TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoproteincholesterol (HDL-C) in Bangladeshi patients with cholelithiasis Patients and methods: A total of 44 adult patients with cholelithiasis and 30 healthy subjects as normal controls (NC) were included in the study. The blood samples were taken from fasting patients at diagnosis before cholecystectomy (Serum-I0), gall bladder bile during cholecystectomy (Bile- I0) and blood sample again after 2-3 months at follow-up (Serum-II0) and from fasting NC subjects. TG, TC, LDL-C and HDL-C were quantitated in serum and bile by standard methods using research kits from reputed companies. The results were compared statistically by ANOVA and Student’s t-test using SPSS propramme Results: TG level was elevated in Serum- I0 , Bile- I0 and Serum- II0 of patients, being highest in Bile- I0 compared to controls (NC) (p 0.05) among NC, Serum- I0 and Serum- II0, but it was higher in Bile- I0 significantly (p<0.001). Conclusion: Alterations in lipid profile in cholelithiasis were significant but complex and cholecystectomy had profound impact suggesting a crucial role of gall bladder. The results were discussed accordingly.
{"title":"Effect of Cholecystectomy on Lipid Profile in Bangladeshi Patients with Cholelithiasis","authors":"A. Haq, A. Giasuddin, K. Jhuma, M. Choudhury","doi":"10.4172/2167-0943.1000192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0943.1000192","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: As no studies were reported from Bangladesh, the present study was conducted on serum lipid profile, i.e. triglyceride TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoproteincholesterol (HDL-C) in Bangladeshi patients with cholelithiasis Patients and methods: A total of 44 adult patients with cholelithiasis and 30 healthy subjects as normal controls (NC) were included in the study. The blood samples were taken from fasting patients at diagnosis before cholecystectomy (Serum-I0), gall bladder bile during cholecystectomy (Bile- I0) and blood sample again after 2-3 months at follow-up (Serum-II0) and from fasting NC subjects. TG, TC, LDL-C and HDL-C were quantitated in serum and bile by standard methods using research kits from reputed companies. The results were compared statistically by ANOVA and Student’s t-test using SPSS propramme Results: TG level was elevated in Serum- I0 , Bile- I0 and Serum- II0 of patients, being highest in Bile- I0 compared to controls (NC) (p 0.05) among NC, Serum- I0 and Serum- II0, but it was higher in Bile- I0 significantly (p<0.001). Conclusion: Alterations in lipid profile in cholelithiasis were significant but complex and cholecystectomy had profound impact suggesting a crucial role of gall bladder. The results were discussed accordingly.","PeriodicalId":16452,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metabolic syndrome","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90144974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-17DOI: 10.4172/2167-0943.1000189
T. Guterbaum, T. Braunstein, A. Fossum, N. Holstein-Rathlou, C. Torp-Pedersen, H. Domínguez
Abstract Objective: Metabolic syndrome entails hypertension, hyperglycemia, obesity and hypercholesterolemia. This syndrome increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Hyperglycemia during coronary reperfusion is associated with a poor prognosis. Contrastingly, targeting correction of hyperglycemia in clinical trials has not improved clinical outcome or has even been detrimental. H2 O2 is produced under hyperglycemic conditions and under reperfusion. This study aims to provide a mechanistic approach evaluating the impact of high glucose on the endothelial nitric oxide pathway in a H2 O2 -rich environment. Methods and results: HUVECs (human umbilical vein endothelial cells) were exposed to high glucose (20 mM) for either 20 or 72 hours co-incubated with or without H2 O2 (400 µM) for 30 minutes as models of increased oxidative stress during acute and prolonged hyperglycemia, respectively. The presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in both mitochondria and cytoplasm was measured by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS). Phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) on threonine 495 (Thr495) and serine 1177 (Ser1177) was assessed by western blotting. Short-term (20 hours) high concentration of glucose alone increased ROS in mitochondria to 133.5% (p<0.05), whereas prolonged (72 hours) did not increase mitochondrial ROS. The increase in mitochondrial ROS could be attenuated by the anti-oxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). Incubation with H2 O2 for 30 minutes resulted in an increase in Thr495 phosphorylation (to 425%, p<0.01) and a decrease in Ser1177 phosphorylation (to 50.6%, p<0.01). Preincubation for 20 hours with 10 and 20 mM glucose did not affect phosphorylation of Thr495 and Ser1177. Stimulating HUVECs that were pre-incubated with 20 mM glucose for 72 hours with H2 O2 increased Thr495 phosphorylation to 146.6% (p<0.05). PKC inhibition attenuated the H2 O2 -induced Thr495 phosphorylation in cells incubated with high glucose levels for 72 hours. Conclusion: Acute exposure to high glucose induces oxidative stress. H2 O2 leads to phosphorylation of eNOS at Thr495 and dephosphorylation of Ser1177. After prolonged exposure to high glucose levels, the addition of H2 O2 yields phosphorylation of Thr495 through the PKC pathway
{"title":"H2O2 Treatment of HUVECs Facilitates PKC Mediated Thr495 Phosphorylation on eNOS when Pre-treated with High Glucose Levels","authors":"T. Guterbaum, T. Braunstein, A. Fossum, N. Holstein-Rathlou, C. Torp-Pedersen, H. Domínguez","doi":"10.4172/2167-0943.1000189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0943.1000189","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000Objective: Metabolic syndrome entails hypertension, hyperglycemia, obesity and hypercholesterolemia. This syndrome increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Hyperglycemia during coronary reperfusion is associated with a poor prognosis. Contrastingly, targeting correction of hyperglycemia in clinical trials has not improved clinical outcome or has even been detrimental. H2 O2 is produced under hyperglycemic conditions and under reperfusion. This study aims to provide a mechanistic approach evaluating the impact of high glucose on the endothelial nitric oxide pathway in a H2 O2 -rich environment. \u0000Methods and results: HUVECs (human umbilical vein endothelial cells) were exposed to high glucose (20 mM) for either 20 or 72 hours co-incubated with or without H2 O2 (400 µM) for 30 minutes as models of increased oxidative stress during acute and prolonged hyperglycemia, respectively. The presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in both mitochondria and cytoplasm was measured by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS). Phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) on threonine 495 (Thr495) and serine 1177 (Ser1177) was assessed by western blotting. Short-term (20 hours) high concentration of glucose alone increased ROS in mitochondria to 133.5% (p<0.05), whereas prolonged (72 hours) did not increase mitochondrial ROS. The increase in mitochondrial ROS could be attenuated by the anti-oxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). Incubation with H2 O2 for 30 minutes resulted in an increase in Thr495 phosphorylation (to 425%, p<0.01) and a decrease in Ser1177 phosphorylation (to 50.6%, p<0.01). Preincubation for 20 hours with 10 and 20 mM glucose did not affect phosphorylation of Thr495 and Ser1177. Stimulating HUVECs that were pre-incubated with 20 mM glucose for 72 hours with H2 O2 increased Thr495 phosphorylation to 146.6% (p<0.05). PKC inhibition attenuated the H2 O2 -induced Thr495 phosphorylation in cells incubated with high glucose levels for 72 hours. \u0000Conclusion: Acute exposure to high glucose induces oxidative stress. H2 O2 leads to phosphorylation of eNOS at Thr495 and dephosphorylation of Ser1177. After prolonged exposure to high glucose levels, the addition of H2 O2 yields phosphorylation of Thr495 through the PKC pathway","PeriodicalId":16452,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metabolic syndrome","volume":"29 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79099548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-16DOI: 10.4172/2167-0943.1000190
Charles T. Nguyen, A. Suzuki, Kevin Bera
Abstract Atypical antipsychotics are associated with weight gain, which compromise medication adherence and pose longterm health complications. These are two cases in which lorcaserin, a 5HT2C agonist, has been used to counteract olanzapine-induced weight gain in conjunction with a low carbohydrate diet. In Case 1, patient lost a significant amount of weight and reported decreased food cravings. In Case 2, patient showed initial response but was unable to maintain diet. Patient had significant weight gain and reported increased cravings after discontinuing lorcaserin. These cases demonstrate 5HT2C agonists’ potential for management of atypical antipsychotic-related weight gain.
{"title":"Use of Lorcaserin, A 5HT2C Agonist, In the Management of OlanzapineInducedWeight Gain","authors":"Charles T. Nguyen, A. Suzuki, Kevin Bera","doi":"10.4172/2167-0943.1000190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0943.1000190","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000Atypical antipsychotics are associated with weight gain, which compromise medication adherence and pose longterm health complications. These are two cases in which lorcaserin, a 5HT2C agonist, has been used to counteract olanzapine-induced weight gain in conjunction with a low carbohydrate diet. In Case 1, patient lost a significant amount of weight and reported decreased food cravings. In Case 2, patient showed initial response but was unable to maintain diet. Patient had significant weight gain and reported increased cravings after discontinuing lorcaserin. These cases demonstrate 5HT2C agonists’ potential for management of atypical antipsychotic-related weight gain.","PeriodicalId":16452,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metabolic syndrome","volume":"214 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76981591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-11DOI: 10.4172/2167-0943.1000188
Sihem Amina Hamma, Imene Fergani, A. Lakehal, N. Abadi, C. Benlatreche
Abstract Background: Obesity increases the incidence of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and cancer. Oxidative stress has been considered one of the mechanisms linking obesity to these pathologies. Our aim was to evaluate the oxidative stress status in obese Adults Methods: Our study focused on a sample of 187 healthy volunteers in the city of Constantine, divided according to their BMI into three groups: group A (BMI <25, normal nutritional status), group B (25 ≤ BMI <30, overweight) and group C (BMI ≥ 30, obesity). The status of oxidative stress was evaluated by determining the activities of erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidas (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), plasma concentrations of antioxidant vitamins (E,A) and lipid peroxidation marker , the malondialdehyde (MDA). Results: Vitamin E / Lipids ratio and vitamin A plasma concentration were significantly lower in obese subjects compared with those having normal BMI: 3.40 ± 1.16 mg / g vs 3.87 ± 1.16 mg / g; p <0.05 and 0.63 (0.46-0.76) mg/l vs 0.69 (0.57-0.86) mg/l, p <0.05 respectively. MDA plasma concentrations were significantly higher in obese versus overweight subjects and those having normal BMI: 11.4 (7.1 to 14.6) mg/l vs 8.6 (5.9 to 11.6) g/l, p <0.01 and 11.4 (7.1 to 14.6) mg/l vs 8.4 (5.9 to 12.3) mg/l, p <0.05 respectively. There was no significant difference between the MDA plasma concentration of overweight subjects and those having normal BMI. Erythrocyte SOD and Gpx activities of different classes of BMI were comparable. MDA was positively and significantly correlated with BMI (r = 0.149, p <0.05). Conclusion: The decrease in antioxidant defenses and increased lipid peroxidation in obese subjects reflect a profound oxidative stress, which would be one of the mechanisms involved in the onset of diseases caused by the obesity.
背景:肥胖会增加糖尿病、高血压、血脂异常、动脉粥样硬化和癌症的发病率。氧化应激被认为是将肥胖与这些疾病联系起来的机制之一。方法:本研究以康斯坦丁市187名健康志愿者为研究对象，根据BMI分为a组(BMI <25，营养状况正常)、B组(25≤BMI <30，超重)和C组(BMI≥30，肥胖)。通过测定红细胞抗氧化酶谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性、血浆抗氧化维生素(E、A)和脂质过氧化标志物丙二醛(MDA)的浓度来评估氧化应激状态。结果:肥胖人群维生素E /脂质比和维生素A血浆浓度明显低于BMI正常人群(3.40±1.16 mg / g vs 3.87±1.16 mg / g);P <0.05，分别为0.63 (0.46 ~ 0.76)mg/l和0.69 (0.57 ~ 0.86)mg/l。肥胖和体重正常者的血浆MDA浓度分别为11.4 (7.1 ~ 14.6)mg/l和8.6 (5.9 ~ 11.6)mg/l, p <0.01; 11.4 (7.1 ~ 14.6) mg/l和8.4 (5.9 ~ 12.3)mg/l, p <0.05。超重受试者与BMI正常者血浆MDA浓度无显著差异。不同BMI类型的红细胞SOD和Gpx活性具有可比性。MDA与BMI呈显著正相关(r = 0.149, p <0.05)。结论:肥胖患者机体抗氧化防御能力下降，脂质过氧化水平升高，反映了机体存在严重的氧化应激，可能是肥胖相关疾病发生的机制之一。
{"title":"Oxidative Stress in Algerian Adults Obesity","authors":"Sihem Amina Hamma, Imene Fergani, A. Lakehal, N. Abadi, C. Benlatreche","doi":"10.4172/2167-0943.1000188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0943.1000188","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000Background: Obesity increases the incidence of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and cancer. Oxidative stress has been considered one of the mechanisms linking obesity to these pathologies. Our aim was to evaluate the oxidative stress status in obese Adults \u0000Methods: Our study focused on a sample of 187 healthy volunteers in the city of Constantine, divided according to their BMI into three groups: group A (BMI <25, normal nutritional status), group B (25 ≤ BMI <30, overweight) and group C (BMI ≥ 30, obesity). The status of oxidative stress was evaluated by determining the activities of erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidas (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), plasma concentrations of antioxidant vitamins (E,A) and lipid peroxidation marker , the malondialdehyde (MDA). \u0000Results: Vitamin E / Lipids ratio and vitamin A plasma concentration were significantly lower in obese subjects compared with those having normal BMI: 3.40 ± 1.16 mg / g vs 3.87 ± 1.16 mg / g; p <0.05 and 0.63 (0.46-0.76) mg/l vs 0.69 (0.57-0.86) mg/l, p <0.05 respectively. MDA plasma concentrations were significantly higher in obese versus overweight subjects and those having normal BMI: 11.4 (7.1 to 14.6) mg/l vs 8.6 (5.9 to 11.6) g/l, p <0.01 and 11.4 (7.1 to 14.6) mg/l vs 8.4 (5.9 to 12.3) mg/l, p <0.05 respectively. There was no significant difference between the MDA plasma concentration of overweight subjects and those having normal BMI. Erythrocyte SOD and Gpx activities of different classes of BMI were comparable. MDA was positively and significantly correlated with BMI (r = 0.149, p <0.05). Conclusion: The decrease in antioxidant defenses and increased lipid peroxidation in obese subjects reflect a profound oxidative stress, which would be one of the mechanisms involved in the onset of diseases caused by the obesity.","PeriodicalId":16452,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metabolic syndrome","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77978015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-02DOI: 10.4172/2167-0943.1000187
F. Avilés-Plaza, J. Bernabé, Begoña Cerdá, Javier Marhuenda, P. Zafrilla, Tânia Constantino, J. Mulero, C. García-Viguera, D. Moreno, J. Abellán, S. Parra-Pallarés
Abstract Background: Owing to the proposal of the increase of oxidative stress (OxS) as an early event in the development of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), the aim of the present study was to evaluate certain OxS biomarkers in patients with MetS compared to healthy people age-matched and younger to assess the relevance of aging in OxS and MetS. Methods: A total of 72 patients, 32 who fulfilled the Adult Treatment Panel III criteria for the MetS and 40 individuals without MetS, 20 age-matched to the MetS patients (Control I) and 20 younger subjects (Control II) were studied. We measured several anthropometric and serum parameters and two kinds of molecules related to OxS: modified molecules by reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as oxidized LDL (oxLDLc), and consumed or inducted molecules (enzymes or antioxidants such as Glutathione reductase GR,) associated with ROS metabolism. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v18.0. Results: Only significant differences were observed in the values of GR between the MetS patients and Control I (50.31 ± 8.15 U/L vs 59.50 ± 9.98 U/L). We found significantly higher levels in the MetS patients compared to Control II of oxLDLc (96.77 ± 23.05 U/L vs 60.17 ± 16.28 U/L), F2 -isoprostanes (3.17 ± 1.78 µg/g creatinine vs 2.04 ± 0.80 µg/g creatinine) and protein cabonils (PC) (0.56 ± 0.26 nmol/mg vs 0.29 ± 0.13 nmol/mg). Conclusions: Results have shown that MetS patients don’t present a superior OxS in comparison to age-related healthy individuals. Finally, aging is more relevant to OxS than MetS per se.
背景:由于氧化应激(OxS)的增加是代谢综合征(MetS)发展的早期事件，本研究的目的是将代谢综合征患者的某些OxS生物标志物与年龄匹配和更年轻的健康人进行比较，以评估衰老在OxS和MetS中的相关性。方法:共研究了72例患者，其中32例符合MetS成人治疗组III标准，40例无MetS, 20例年龄与MetS患者相匹配(对照I)， 20例年轻受试者(对照II)。我们测量了几种人体测量和血清参数以及与OxS相关的两种分子:一种是被活性氧(ROS)修饰的分子，如氧化LDL (oxLDLc)，另一种是被消耗或诱导的与ROS代谢相关的分子(酶或抗氧化剂，如谷胱甘肽还原酶GR)。采用SPSS v18.0进行统计分析。结果:met组与对照组间GR值仅有显著差异(50.31±8.15 U/L vs 59.50±9.98 U/L)。我们发现，与对照组II相比，MetS患者的oxLDLc(96.77±23.05 U/L vs 60.17±16.28 U/L)， F2 -异前列腺素(3.17±1.78µg/g肌酐vs 2.04±0.80µg/g肌酐)和蛋白质cabonils (PC)(0.56±0.26 nmol/mg vs 0.29±0.13 nmol/mg)水平显著高于对照组II。结论:结果表明，与年龄相关的健康人相比，MetS患者的OxS并不优越。最后，与MetS本身相比，衰老与OxS的关系更大。
{"title":"Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Syndrome Metabolic Patients, a CaseControl Study","authors":"F. Avilés-Plaza, J. Bernabé, Begoña Cerdá, Javier Marhuenda, P. Zafrilla, Tânia Constantino, J. Mulero, C. García-Viguera, D. Moreno, J. Abellán, S. Parra-Pallarés","doi":"10.4172/2167-0943.1000187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0943.1000187","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000Background: Owing to the proposal of the increase of oxidative stress (OxS) as an early event in the development of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), the aim of the present study was to evaluate certain OxS biomarkers in patients with MetS compared to healthy people age-matched and younger to assess the relevance of aging in OxS and MetS. \u0000Methods: A total of 72 patients, 32 who fulfilled the Adult Treatment Panel III criteria for the MetS and 40 individuals without MetS, 20 age-matched to the MetS patients (Control I) and 20 younger subjects (Control II) were studied. We measured several anthropometric and serum parameters and two kinds of molecules related to OxS: modified molecules by reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as oxidized LDL (oxLDLc), and consumed or inducted molecules (enzymes or antioxidants such as Glutathione reductase GR,) associated with ROS metabolism. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v18.0. \u0000Results: Only significant differences were observed in the values of GR between the MetS patients and Control I (50.31 ± 8.15 U/L vs 59.50 ± 9.98 U/L). We found significantly higher levels in the MetS patients compared to Control II of oxLDLc (96.77 ± 23.05 U/L vs 60.17 ± 16.28 U/L), F2 -isoprostanes (3.17 ± 1.78 µg/g creatinine vs 2.04 ± 0.80 µg/g creatinine) and protein cabonils (PC) (0.56 ± 0.26 nmol/mg vs 0.29 ± 0.13 nmol/mg). \u0000Conclusions: Results have shown that MetS patients don’t present a superior OxS in comparison to age-related healthy individuals. Finally, aging is more relevant to OxS than MetS per se.","PeriodicalId":16452,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metabolic syndrome","volume":"36 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85620463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-21DOI: 10.4172/2167-0943.1000186
D. Mandob, Minka Samuel, O. Viviane
Abstract Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the metabolic syndrome among Mbo ethnic group women living in Yaounde, Cameroon. Methods: The study was conducted on ninety-two women aged between 18-60 years who were referred to the Andre Fouda Medical Fundation in Yaounde. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed using Adult Treatment Panel-III (ATPIII) 2001 guidelines. Results: The mean of age, high fasting blood glucose, triglycerides levels and total cholesterol levels were significantly (p<0.05) higher in women with metabolic syndrome. The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Mbo women was (3.03%). High blood pressure level (43.93%) and high fasting glucose (14.39%) were respectively the most frequent characteristics in comparison to other metabolic components. 3.03%, 0% and 0% had three, four and five criteria for metabolic syndrome, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is low in women originates of Mbo ethnic group of Yaounde. For efficient measures to limit the rise of cardiovascular diseases in these women, both hypertension and hyperglycaemia should be taken into consideration.
{"title":"Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Mbo Women Yaounde-Cameroon","authors":"D. Mandob, Minka Samuel, O. Viviane","doi":"10.4172/2167-0943.1000186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0943.1000186","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the metabolic syndrome among Mbo ethnic group women living in Yaounde, Cameroon. \u0000Methods: The study was conducted on ninety-two women aged between 18-60 years who were referred to the Andre Fouda Medical Fundation in Yaounde. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed using Adult Treatment Panel-III (ATPIII) 2001 guidelines. \u0000Results: The mean of age, high fasting blood glucose, triglycerides levels and total cholesterol levels were significantly (p<0.05) higher in women with metabolic syndrome. The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Mbo women was (3.03%). High blood pressure level (43.93%) and high fasting glucose (14.39%) were respectively the most frequent characteristics in comparison to other metabolic components. 3.03%, 0% and 0% had three, four and five criteria for metabolic syndrome, respectively. \u0000Conclusion: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is low in women originates of Mbo ethnic group of Yaounde. For efficient measures to limit the rise of cardiovascular diseases in these women, both hypertension and hyperglycaemia should be taken into consideration.","PeriodicalId":16452,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metabolic syndrome","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84417722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-21DOI: 10.4172/2167-0943.1000185
Agata StrażyÅska, K. Hoffmann, W. Bryl, I. Zaporowska-Stachowiak, M. Kostrzewska, Jolanta MaÅyszko, A. Minczykowski
Objective: Apelin and its specific receptor, APJ system, seems to be involved in the development of arterial hypertension (HTN). The aim was to estimate plasma apelin concentration in young patients (pts) with primary HTN and to assess the relationship between apelin and selected anthropometric parameters, serum lipids and carotid intima-media thickness (right and left cIMT). Methods: 70 pts (48 males, 22 females) aged 18-33 with newly diagnosed, untreated primary HTN were recruited. There were 15 age- and gender-matched healthy people in the control group. Anthropometric and BP measurements were done. Fasting serum apelin and lipids were evaluated. The cIMT was estimated using ultrasonography. Results: Serum apelin was higher in whole group (but not statistically significant, 98.04 ± 51.82 vs. 79.19 ± 39.51 pg/ml, p >0.05) and in males with HTN (compared to healthy males, 105.86 ± 53.21 vs. 61.42 ± 24.04 pg/ ml, p= 0.04). We observed a statistically significant negative correlation between apelin concentration and left cIMT in normal-weight women (R = -0.74), a negative correlation between triglyceride levels and apelin concentration in overweight subjects (R = -0.49), a negative correlation between apelin concentration and right cIMT (R = -0.99) and a positive correlation between apelin concentration and WHR (R = 0.99) in obese women. Conclusion: In whole examined group with HTN there were no statistically significant differences in serum apelin and no relationships between its concentration and anthropometric parameters, serum lipids or cIMT. However, higher serum apelin concentration in young males with HTN and some statistically significant correlations between serum apelin and analyzed parameters in groups divided by sex and BMI may suggest a possible role of apelin in the development of HTN. Further studies are required to clarify the relationship between apelin, metabolic parameters and the early markers of atherosclerosis in pts with HTN.
{"title":"The Relationship between Serum Apelin Concentration and Selected Anthropometric Parameters, Serum Lipids and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Young Subjects with Primary Arterial Hypertension","authors":"Agata StrażyÅska, K. Hoffmann, W. Bryl, I. Zaporowska-Stachowiak, M. Kostrzewska, Jolanta MaÅyszko, A. Minczykowski","doi":"10.4172/2167-0943.1000185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0943.1000185","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Apelin and its specific receptor, APJ system, seems to be involved in the development of arterial hypertension (HTN). The aim was to estimate plasma apelin concentration in young patients (pts) with primary HTN and to assess the relationship between apelin and selected anthropometric parameters, serum lipids and carotid intima-media thickness (right and left cIMT). \u0000Methods: 70 pts (48 males, 22 females) aged 18-33 with newly diagnosed, untreated primary HTN were recruited. There were 15 age- and gender-matched healthy people in the control group. Anthropometric and BP measurements were done. Fasting serum apelin and lipids were evaluated. The cIMT was estimated using ultrasonography. \u0000Results: Serum apelin was higher in whole group (but not statistically significant, 98.04 ± 51.82 vs. 79.19 ± 39.51 pg/ml, p >0.05) and in males with HTN (compared to healthy males, 105.86 ± 53.21 vs. 61.42 ± 24.04 pg/ ml, p= 0.04). We observed a statistically significant negative correlation between apelin concentration and left cIMT in normal-weight women (R = -0.74), a negative correlation between triglyceride levels and apelin concentration in overweight subjects (R = -0.49), a negative correlation between apelin concentration and right cIMT (R = -0.99) and a positive correlation between apelin concentration and WHR (R = 0.99) in obese women. \u0000Conclusion: In whole examined group with HTN there were no statistically significant differences in serum apelin and no relationships between its concentration and anthropometric parameters, serum lipids or cIMT. However, higher serum apelin concentration in young males with HTN and some statistically significant correlations between serum apelin and analyzed parameters in groups divided by sex and BMI may suggest a possible role of apelin in the development of HTN. Further studies are required to clarify the relationship between apelin, metabolic parameters and the early markers of atherosclerosis in pts with HTN.","PeriodicalId":16452,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metabolic syndrome","volume":"165 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74864135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-08DOI: 10.4172/2167-0943.1000184
Mbangama Ma, B. Tandu-Umba, Lepira Bf, Kajingulu Mfp
Abstract Objectives: Some pathological situations of female reproductive life predispose mother and offspring to higher risk of development of metabolic syndrome. Therefore, we aimed to assess relationships between all significant medical and gynecologic/pregnancy-related antecedents and metabolic syndrome components in menopausal women. Study design: During a cross-sectional study carried out from August 2014 to January 2015, medical, gynecological and pregnancy-related history was obtained from menopausal women followed for metabolic syndrome at the University of Kinshasa Hospital. Metabolic syndrome was defined as the presence of at least 3 out of 5 criteria according to harmonized definition. Using logistic regression analysis we evaluated the association between history characteristics and metabolic syndrome components (p<0.05 as significant). Results: 42 menopausal women were consecutively enrolled. Dominating characteristics were family history of hypertension (FH-HT) and diabetes mellitus (FH-DM), personal antecedents of spaniomenorrhea, pregnancyassociated urinary tract infection (UTI), premature delivery, pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIHT), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), macrosomia, stillbirth and congenital malformations. Significant associations (OR; p) were FH-HT with abdominal obesity (6.2; 0.008) and hypertriglyceridemia (4.9; 0.018); FH-DM with abdominal obesity (55.2; 0.000), hypertriglyceridemia (12.2; 0.001) and low HDL (1.8; 0.02); spaniomenorrhea with obesity (14.8; 0.004), HBP (9.8; 0.018) and hypertriglyceridemia (12.9; 0.006). For obstetrical history the picture was: PIHT with abdominal obesity (24; 0.000) and hypertriglyceridemia (8.2; 0.008); GDM with hypertriglyceridemia (11; 0.012); premature delivery with obesity (4.3; 0.04) and HBP (13; 0.006); stillbirth with HBP (7.2; 0.048) and low HDL (12.1; 0.009); macrosomia with obesity (15.9; 0.000) and hypertriglyceridemia (6.9; 0.008). Conclusion: Apart from known medical risk factors, past spaniomenorrhea emerged as the main gynecological factor whereas premature delivery, gestational diabetes, PIHT, infant’s macrosomia, stillbirth and congenital malformations were obstetrical ones associated with components of MS. They are likely to permit early detection and management of MS.
{"title":"Past Medical, Gynecological and Pregnancy-Related History and IndependentMetabolic Syndrome Components among Menopausal Women: A HospitalBasedStudy","authors":"Mbangama Ma, B. Tandu-Umba, Lepira Bf, Kajingulu Mfp","doi":"10.4172/2167-0943.1000184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0943.1000184","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000Objectives: Some pathological situations of female reproductive life predispose mother and offspring to higher risk of development of metabolic syndrome. Therefore, we aimed to assess relationships between all significant medical and gynecologic/pregnancy-related antecedents and metabolic syndrome components in menopausal women. \u0000Study design: During a cross-sectional study carried out from August 2014 to January 2015, medical, gynecological and pregnancy-related history was obtained from menopausal women followed for metabolic syndrome at the University of Kinshasa Hospital. Metabolic syndrome was defined as the presence of at least 3 out of 5 criteria according to harmonized definition. Using logistic regression analysis we evaluated the association between history characteristics and metabolic syndrome components (p<0.05 as significant). \u0000Results: 42 menopausal women were consecutively enrolled. Dominating characteristics were family history of hypertension (FH-HT) and diabetes mellitus (FH-DM), personal antecedents of spaniomenorrhea, pregnancyassociated urinary tract infection (UTI), premature delivery, pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIHT), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), macrosomia, stillbirth and congenital malformations. Significant associations (OR; p) were FH-HT with abdominal obesity (6.2; 0.008) and hypertriglyceridemia (4.9; 0.018); FH-DM with abdominal obesity (55.2; 0.000), hypertriglyceridemia (12.2; 0.001) and low HDL (1.8; 0.02); spaniomenorrhea with obesity (14.8; 0.004), HBP (9.8; 0.018) and hypertriglyceridemia (12.9; 0.006). For obstetrical history the picture was: PIHT with abdominal obesity (24; 0.000) and hypertriglyceridemia (8.2; 0.008); GDM with hypertriglyceridemia (11; 0.012); premature delivery with obesity (4.3; 0.04) and HBP (13; 0.006); stillbirth with HBP (7.2; 0.048) and low HDL (12.1; 0.009); macrosomia with obesity (15.9; 0.000) and hypertriglyceridemia (6.9; 0.008). \u0000Conclusion: Apart from known medical risk factors, past spaniomenorrhea emerged as the main gynecological factor whereas premature delivery, gestational diabetes, PIHT, infant’s macrosomia, stillbirth and congenital malformations were obstetrical ones associated with components of MS. They are likely to permit early detection and management of MS.","PeriodicalId":16452,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metabolic syndrome","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81678693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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