While whole-body postural control requires integration of the sensorimotor system, the involvement of jaw muscle activity in this control remains unclear.
Objective
This study aimed to clarify the relationship between jaw muscle activity and whole-body postural stability by measuring jaw-opening and closing muscle activities, as well as whole-body postural sway during postural perturbations with two different levels of predictability.
Methods
Twelve healthy adults (7 males, 5 females; median age 21.0 years) underwent vertical perturbations by holding a bar at shoulder height. In the cued condition (C-cond), the participants were given a 3-s countdown before the bar was loaded with 3% of their body weight, whereas in the uncued condition (U-cond), the load was applied without prior cueing. Jaw-closing (masseter) and jaw-opening (anterior suprahyoid) muscle activities were measured using surface electromyography (EMG). Bar dynamics and center-of-foot-pressure (COP) were assessed with motion capture and a force plate. Bar-drop distances, EMG activity, and the proportion of trials with muscle activity exceeding baseline were compared between conditions using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Friedman, Mann–Whitney U and chi-square tests, as appropriate, with Bonferroni corrections.
Results
Vertical bar displacement was greater in the U-cond compared with the C-cond (−46.0 mm vs. −27.4 mm, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, p < 0.05). Left anterior suprahyoid activity exceeded baseline in 91.7% of uncued trials versus 58.3% in cued trials (the chi-square test with the Bonferroni correction applied, adjusted p < 0.05). COP displacement increased when masseter and anterior suprahyoid muscle activity exceeded baseline in the U-cond (the Mann–Whitney U test with Bonferroni correction, adjusted p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Increased activation of jaw-opening muscles during uncued perturbations compared with cued perturbations suggests that anterior suprahyoid muscles are recruited for postural control, supporting their involvement in maintaining stability.
背景：虽然全身姿势控制需要感觉运动系统的整合，但下颌肌肉活动在这种控制中的参与尚不清楚。目的：本研究旨在通过测量两种不同可预测水平的姿势扰动下下颌开闭肌肉活动以及全身姿势摆动，阐明下颌肌肉活动与全身姿势稳定性之间的关系。方法：12名健康成人（男7名，女5名，中位年龄21.0岁）在肩高处持杆进行垂直摄动。在提示条件下（C-cond），参与者在加载体重的3%之前有3秒倒计时，而在未提示条件下（U-cond），负载在没有事先提示的情况下施加。采用表面肌电图（EMG）测量合颌肌（咬肌）和开颌肌（舌骨前上肌）的活动。用动作捕捉和测力板评估杆动力学和足部压力中心（COP）。使用Wilcoxon sign -rank检验、Friedman、Mann-Whitney U检验和卡方检验（视情况而定）并进行Bonferroni校正，比较不同条件下的条形距离、肌电活动和肌肉活动超过基线的试验比例。结果：与C-cond相比，U-cond的垂直杆位移更大（-46.0 mm vs -27.4 mm）， Wilcoxon符号秩检验。结论：与有线索的扰动相比，在无线索的扰动下，下颌开口肌肉的激活增加，表明前舌骨上肌参与姿势控制，支持其参与维持稳定性。
{"title":"Jaw Muscle Electromyographic Response to Whole-Body Postural Perturbation","authors":"Akari Shibagaki, Yosuke Tomita, Yoshitaka Suzuki, Kazuo Okura, Masamitsu Oshima, Jaime Fabillar Jr., Yoshizo Matsuka","doi":"10.1111/joor.70086","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joor.70086","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While whole-body postural control requires integration of the sensorimotor system, the involvement of jaw muscle activity in this control remains unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to clarify the relationship between jaw muscle activity and whole-body postural stability by measuring jaw-opening and closing muscle activities, as well as whole-body postural sway during postural perturbations with two different levels of predictability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twelve healthy adults (7 males, 5 females; median age 21.0 years) underwent vertical perturbations by holding a bar at shoulder height. In the cued condition (C-cond), the participants were given a 3-s countdown before the bar was loaded with 3% of their body weight, whereas in the uncued condition (U-cond), the load was applied without prior cueing. Jaw-closing (masseter) and jaw-opening (anterior suprahyoid) muscle activities were measured using surface electromyography (EMG). Bar dynamics and center-of-foot-pressure (COP) were assessed with motion capture and a force plate. Bar-drop distances, EMG activity, and the proportion of trials with muscle activity exceeding baseline were compared between conditions using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Friedman, Mann–Whitney <i>U</i> and chi-square tests, as appropriate, with Bonferroni corrections.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vertical bar displacement was greater in the U-cond compared with the C-cond (−46.0 mm vs. −27.4 mm, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Left anterior suprahyoid activity exceeded baseline in 91.7% of uncued trials versus 58.3% in cued trials (the chi-square test with the Bonferroni correction applied, adjusted <i>p</i> < 0.05). COP displacement increased when masseter and anterior suprahyoid muscle activity exceeded baseline in the U-cond (the Mann–Whitney <i>U</i> test with Bonferroni correction, adjusted <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Increased activation of jaw-opening muscles during uncued perturbations compared with cued perturbations suggests that anterior suprahyoid muscles are recruited for postural control, supporting their involvement in maintaining stability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":"53 2","pages":"456-465"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/joor.70086","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145458917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between bodily pain (BP) and painful temporomandibular disorders (PT) in the general population in China. It also focused on evaluating how psychological distress and sleep disturbance mediated the association.
Materials and Methods
Data were derived from a community survey conducted in mainland China in 2024 (N = 1920). Participants were categorised by BP sites: none (PF group), single site (SP group), and multiple sites (MP group). Psychological distress was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4), and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) was used to evaluate sleep disturbances. Statistical analyses were performed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, as well as chain mediation analysis.
Results
The prevalence of PT was highest in the MP group, followed by the SP group, and lowest in the PF group. Multivariate logistic regression showed that BP (SP: OR 1.672, 95% CI 1.27–2.202; MP: OR 2.148; 95% CI 1.661–2.776), PHQ-4 (OR 1.12; 95% CI 1.07–1.172), and ISI (OR 1.076; 95% CI 1.051–1.1) were positively associated with PT. Chain mediation analysis showed significant direct (Effect: 0.268; 95% CI 0.046–0.094) and the indirect effect of both PHQ-4 and ISI scores (Effect: 0.018; 95% CI 0.023–0.044) between BP and PT.
Conclusions
Psychological distress and sleep disturbance have a chain mediation effect on the association between BP and PT.
Clinical Relevance
Our findings highlight the significance of considering the comorbidity of BP in patients with PT and implementing interventions that address psychological distress and sleep disturbance in clinical practice.
目的：本研究的目的是调查中国普通人群中躯体疼痛（BP）和疼痛性颞下颌疾病（PT）之间的关系。它还侧重于评估心理困扰和睡眠障碍如何介导这种关联。资料和方法：数据来源于2024年在中国大陆进行的一项社区调查（N = 1920）。参与者按BP位点分类：无BP位点（PF组）、单BP位点（SP组）和多BP位点（MP组）。采用患者健康问卷-4 （PHQ-4）测量心理困扰，采用失眠严重程度指数（ISI）评估睡眠障碍。统计分析采用单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析，以及链中介分析。结果：PT患病率以MP组最高，SP组次之，PF组最低。多因素logistic回归显示，BP （SP: OR 1.672, 95% CI 1.27-2.202; MP: OR 2.148, 95% CI 1.661-2.776）、PHQ-4 （OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.07-1.172）和ISI （OR 1.076, 95% CI 1.051-1.1）与PT呈正相关。链式中介分析显示，PHQ-4和ISI得分的直接影响（Effect: 0.268, 95% CI 0.046-0.094）和间接影响(Effect: 0.018；结论：心理困扰和睡眠障碍在血压和睡眠障碍之间具有连锁中介作用。临床意义：我们的研究结果强调了在临床实践中考虑血压在PT患者中的合并症，并实施针对心理困扰和睡眠障碍的干预措施的重要性。
{"title":"Psychological Distress and Sleep Disturbance as Mediators in the Association Between Bodily Pain and Painful Temporomandibular Disorders","authors":"Xinyi Fang, Jiamin Wan, Jiu Lin, Xiao Lu, Jiale Wang, Yu Long, Yuanwei Xie, Haoming An, Qianming Chen, Xin Xiong, Xiaoyan Chen","doi":"10.1111/joor.70101","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joor.70101","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between bodily pain (BP) and painful temporomandibular disorders (PT) in the general population in China. It also focused on evaluating how psychological distress and sleep disturbance mediated the association.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were derived from a community survey conducted in mainland China in 2024 (<i>N</i> = 1920). Participants were categorised by BP sites: none (PF group), single site (SP group), and multiple sites (MP group). Psychological distress was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4), and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) was used to evaluate sleep disturbances. Statistical analyses were performed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, as well as chain mediation analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of PT was highest in the MP group, followed by the SP group, and lowest in the PF group. Multivariate logistic regression showed that BP (SP: OR 1.672, 95% CI 1.27–2.202; MP: OR 2.148; 95% CI 1.661–2.776), PHQ-4 (OR 1.12; 95% CI 1.07–1.172), and ISI (OR 1.076; 95% CI 1.051–1.1) were positively associated with PT. Chain mediation analysis showed significant direct (Effect: 0.268; 95% CI 0.046–0.094) and the indirect effect of both PHQ-4 and ISI scores (Effect: 0.018; 95% CI 0.023–0.044) between BP and PT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Psychological distress and sleep disturbance have a chain mediation effect on the association between BP and PT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Relevance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings highlight the significance of considering the comorbidity of BP in patients with PT and implementing interventions that address psychological distress and sleep disturbance in clinical practice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":"53 2","pages":"448-455"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145452206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oral health is strongly associated with dietary habits; however, most relevant studies have focused on single dietary components. Dietary patterns, integrating data on the diversity of food group consumption, can offer a comprehensive understanding of the diet–health association.
Objective
We classified dietary patterns among Chinese older adults based on dietary diversity (DD) and evaluated the association of oral health with latent classes of dietary patterns.
Methods
We analysed the data of 11 948 older adults from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Study (CLHLS) dataset. Latent class analysis (LCA) was employed to identify distinct dietary pattern classes based on DD. We then used multivariate logistic regression to examine the associations between oral health indicators and latent dietary pattern classes.
Results
The LCA results demonstrated four latent dietary pattern classes: plant protein-dominant, omnivorous with limited diversity, balanced diversity and animal protein-dominant. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that various oral health indicators—including the number of teeth, denture use, daily toothbrushing frequency and facial or jaw pain within the previous 6 months—significantly influenced dietary pattern classification.
Conclusions
We identified four dietary patterns through LCA and noted that oral health status significantly affects dietary preferences among older adults. Adaptive eating behaviours influenced by cultural and socioeconomic factors aid in reducing the negative impact of oral health issues on diet. Our results indicated a dynamic, multifactorial relationship between oral health and dietary patterns in the older population, underscoring the necessity for integrated interventions combining oral care with dietary guidance.
{"title":"Impact of Oral Health on Potential Categories of Dietary Patterns in Chinese Older Adults: Based on the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey Dataset","authors":"Xiaoke Li, Chengfengyi Yang, Jing Zhang, Libing Tan, Yuanxun Liu, Mingming Xu, Yue Yang","doi":"10.1111/joor.70095","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joor.70095","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Oral health is strongly associated with dietary habits; however, most relevant studies have focused on single dietary components. Dietary patterns, integrating data on the diversity of food group consumption, can offer a comprehensive understanding of the diet–health association.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We classified dietary patterns among Chinese older adults based on dietary diversity (DD) and evaluated the association of oral health with latent classes of dietary patterns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analysed the data of 11 948 older adults from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Study (CLHLS) dataset. Latent class analysis (LCA) was employed to identify distinct dietary pattern classes based on DD. We then used multivariate logistic regression to examine the associations between oral health indicators and latent dietary pattern classes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The LCA results demonstrated four latent dietary pattern classes: plant protein-dominant, omnivorous with limited diversity, balanced diversity and animal protein-dominant. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that various oral health indicators—including the number of teeth, denture use, daily toothbrushing frequency and facial or jaw pain within the previous 6 months—significantly influenced dietary pattern classification.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified four dietary patterns through LCA and noted that oral health status significantly affects dietary preferences among older adults. Adaptive eating behaviours influenced by cultural and socioeconomic factors aid in reducing the negative impact of oral health issues on diet. Our results indicated a dynamic, multifactorial relationship between oral health and dietary patterns in the older population, underscoring the necessity for integrated interventions combining oral care with dietary guidance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":"53 2","pages":"430-438"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145452201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
William Poncin, Simple Futarmal Kothari, Jin Magara, Makoto Inoue, Eduardo Castrillon, Mohit Kothari
Background
In transcranial magnetic studies (TMS), motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) recorded from the tongue provide important insights into corticobulbar excitability and neuromuscular control. However, their clinical and research utility remains limited due to anatomical and technical challenges, particularly those affecting electrode stability and signal quality.
Objective
This study aimed to compare TMS-derived outcomes obtained with traditional surface electrodes and novel suction-based electrodes.
Methods
Nineteen healthy adults participated in a repeated-measures, cross-over design. On Day 1, each participant completed two test sessions per electrode type (intra-session reliability). Thirteen participants returned for a third test session at least 1 week later (inter-session reliability). Resting motor threshold (rMT) was determined. MEP amplitude (MEP_Amp) and latency (MEP_Lat) were assessed at five single-pulse stimulation intensities (90%, 100%, 120%, 140% and 160% of rMT). Reliability was analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs, using lower 95% CI bound to gauge reliability strength).
Results
Suction electrodes yielded significantly lower rMT and higher MEP_Amp at 120%–160% rMT. For both electrode types, intra-session reliability for rMT was excellent (ICCs > 0.90) and poor to moderate for MEP_Amp and MEP_Lat (ICCs < 0.75). Inter-session reliability was poor (ICCs < 0.50) across all outcomes for both electrode types.
Conclusion
Compared to surface electrodes, suction electrodes improved signal quality as indicated by lower rMT and higher MEP_Amp. However, both electrode types exhibited substantial intra- and inter-session variability. Although suction electrodes enhance TMS signal quality, the poor test–retest reliability of tongue MEPs currently limits their utility as biomarkers. Methodological refinements are needed to further improve reliability in TMS-based tongue assessments.
{"title":"Can Recordings of Tongue Motor-Evoked Potentials Be Improved? Comparison of Two Electrode Types and Their Reliability","authors":"William Poncin, Simple Futarmal Kothari, Jin Magara, Makoto Inoue, Eduardo Castrillon, Mohit Kothari","doi":"10.1111/joor.70098","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joor.70098","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In transcranial magnetic studies (TMS), motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) recorded from the tongue provide important insights into corticobulbar excitability and neuromuscular control. However, their clinical and research utility remains limited due to anatomical and technical challenges, particularly those affecting electrode stability and signal quality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to compare TMS-derived outcomes obtained with traditional surface electrodes and novel suction-based electrodes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nineteen healthy adults participated in a repeated-measures, cross-over design. On Day 1, each participant completed two test sessions per electrode type (intra-session reliability). Thirteen participants returned for a third test session at least 1 week later (inter-session reliability). Resting motor threshold (rMT) was determined. MEP amplitude (MEP_Amp) and latency (MEP_Lat) were assessed at five single-pulse stimulation intensities (90%, 100%, 120%, 140% and 160% of rMT). Reliability was analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs, using lower 95% CI bound to gauge reliability strength).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Suction electrodes yielded significantly lower rMT and higher MEP_Amp at 120%–160% rMT. For both electrode types, intra-session reliability for rMT was excellent (ICCs > 0.90) and poor to moderate for MEP_Amp and MEP_Lat (ICCs < 0.75). Inter-session reliability was poor (ICCs < 0.50) across all outcomes for both electrode types.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared to surface electrodes, suction electrodes improved signal quality as indicated by lower rMT and higher MEP_Amp. However, both electrode types exhibited substantial intra- and inter-session variability. Although suction electrodes enhance TMS signal quality, the poor test–retest reliability of tongue MEPs currently limits their utility as biomarkers. Methodological refinements are needed to further improve reliability in TMS-based tongue assessments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":"53 2","pages":"439-447"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145452075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laurence J. Kessler, Merel C. Verhoeff, Tess Chin, Naichuan Su, Augustine Osman, Rahma Mungia, Frank Lobbezoo
Background
The recently developed BruxScreen consists of two parts: BruxScreen-Q (self-report questionnaire) and BruxScreen-C (clinical assessment).
Objectives
To test the intra- and inter-rater reliability, construct validity, acceptability and feasibility of the BruxScreen-Q and BruxScreen-C and assess their concordance among Dutch dental students.
Methods
88 out of 109 potentially eligible dental master students completed a set of questionnaires two times (Q1; Q2) and participated in two clinical workshops (CE1; CE2), using the BruxScreen-Q and BruxScreen-C, respectively. Intra-rater reliability of the BruxScreen-Q and concordance between the BruxScreen-Q and BruxScreen-C were assessed using Cohen's (weighted) Kappa. Intra- and inter-rater reliability of the BruxScreen-C were analysed using intraclass correlation coefficients calculated from generalised linear mixed-effects models. Construct validity of the BruxScreen-Q was tested using Spearman's Rank Correlation or Mann–Whitney U test based on hypothesis testing. Acceptability and feasibility of the BruxScreen were assessed using descriptive statistics.
Results
Intra-rater reliability for BruxScreen-Q was fair to substantial. Intra- and inter-rater reliability for BruxScreen-C varied from poor to excellent. BruxScreen-Q showed moderate construct validity, based on the acceptable consistency between the actual and hypothesised effect size of the questionnaire items. BruxScreen-Q (Q2) and BruxScreen-C (CE2) were found both acceptable and feasible by a majority of the students. There was no agreement between subject-based bruxism according to the BruxScreen-Q and clinically based bruxism according to the BruxScreen-C.
Conclusion
The BruxScreen demonstrates acceptable reliability, construct validity, acceptability and feasibility in assessing both subject-based bruxism and clinically based bruxism. However, there is a discrepancy between self-reported bruxism and the clinicians' diagnosis.
{"title":"Reliability, Construct Validity, Acceptability and Feasibility of the BruxScreen","authors":"Laurence J. Kessler, Merel C. Verhoeff, Tess Chin, Naichuan Su, Augustine Osman, Rahma Mungia, Frank Lobbezoo","doi":"10.1111/joor.70093","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joor.70093","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The recently developed BruxScreen consists of two parts: BruxScreen-Q (self-report questionnaire) and BruxScreen-C (clinical assessment).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To test the intra- and inter-rater reliability, construct validity, acceptability and feasibility of the BruxScreen-Q and BruxScreen-C and assess their concordance among Dutch dental students.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>88 out of 109 potentially eligible dental master students completed a set of questionnaires two times (Q1; Q2) and participated in two clinical workshops (CE1; CE2), using the BruxScreen-Q and BruxScreen-C, respectively. Intra-rater reliability of the BruxScreen-Q and concordance between the BruxScreen-Q and BruxScreen-C were assessed using Cohen's (weighted) Kappa. Intra- and inter-rater reliability of the BruxScreen-C were analysed using intraclass correlation coefficients calculated from generalised linear mixed-effects models. Construct validity of the BruxScreen-Q was tested using Spearman's Rank Correlation or Mann–Whitney <i>U</i> test based on hypothesis testing. Acceptability and feasibility of the BruxScreen were assessed using descriptive statistics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Intra-rater reliability for BruxScreen-Q was fair to substantial. Intra- and inter-rater reliability for BruxScreen-C varied from poor to excellent. BruxScreen-Q showed moderate construct validity, based on the acceptable consistency between the actual and hypothesised effect size of the questionnaire items. BruxScreen-Q (Q2) and BruxScreen-C (CE2) were found both acceptable and feasible by a majority of the students. There was no agreement between subject-based bruxism according to the BruxScreen-Q and clinically based bruxism according to the BruxScreen-C.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The BruxScreen demonstrates acceptable reliability, construct validity, acceptability and feasibility in assessing both subject-based bruxism and clinically based bruxism. However, there is a discrepancy between self-reported bruxism and the clinicians' diagnosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":"53 2","pages":"415-429"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12813516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145445160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Reduced tongue function in older adults leads to inefficient bolus transit. Tongue resistance exercises (TRE) involve isometric or isotonic tongue movements performed against an external load to improve tongue strength. Whereas, tongue strengthening exercises (TSE) involve repetitive, high-intensity tongue movements enhancing tongue pressure and swallowing coordination, contributing to safer and more efficient swallowing. However, evidence on the effectiveness of combined TRE and TSE in frail older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains unknown.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Objective</h3> <p>Explore effects of combined TRE and TSE on tongue function, swallowing pressure, clinical swallowing function, and quality of life in frail older adults with MCI.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>A prospective, double-blind, three-arm randomised controlled trial registered with ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT06490705. Participants were randomly assigned to (i) TRE + TSE (<i>n</i> = 29), (ii) TRE alone (<i>n</i> = 30), and (iii) cheek-bulging exercises (control group, <i>n</i> = 30) for 12 weeks with a follow-up 12-week booster program. The primary outcome was tongue function (IOPI), including anterior (ATS) and posterior (PTS) tongue strength, and anterior (ATE) and posterior (PTE) tongue endurance. The secondary outcomes were swallowing pressure (IOPI), including saliva (SSP) and effortful (ESP) swallowing pressure, clinical swallowing function including difficulty of oral phase (DOP) and number of saliva swallows - NRSS (repetitive saliva swallowing test, RSST), and swallowing quality of life (SWAL-QOL). Generalised estimating equation model was used for data analysis.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Frail older adults with MCI (<i>n</i> = 89, mean age: 75.3 ± 6.9 years; 82% women) were recruited. Combined TRE + TSE significantly improved ATS [β = 9.5, 95% CI = 3.8–15.1], PTE [β = 9.7, 95% CI = 2.8–16.6], SSP [β = 8.9, 95% CI = 5.0–12.9], effortful swallow pressure (ESP) [β = 12.1, 95% CI = 6.8–17.4], NRSS [β = 4.0, 95% CI = 2.7–5.3] and SWAL-QOL [β = 29.3, 95% CI = 22.4–36.2] with sustained effects on NRSS and SWAL-QOL at 12-week follow-up compared to cheek-bulging exercises. TRE alone improved ATS, SSP, ESP, NRSS, and SWAL-QOL immediate post-test, with sustained effects on SSP, ESP, and SWAL-QOL at follow-up compared to cheek-bulging exercises. Booster training maintained these improvements over time.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusion</h3> <p>A combined tongue training offers more
背景：老年人舌头功能下降导致药物运输效率低下。舌阻力练习（TRE）是指舌头在外力作用下进行等距或等张力的运动，以提高舌头的强度。然而，舌头强化练习（TSE）涉及重复的、高强度的舌头运动，增强舌压和吞咽协调，有助于更安全、更有效的吞咽。然而，关于TRE和TSE联合治疗患有轻度认知障碍（MCI）的虚弱老年人的有效性的证据仍然未知。目的：探讨TRE联合TSE对体弱老年MCI患者舌功能、吞咽压力、临床吞咽功能及生活质量的影响。方法：一项前瞻性、双盲、三组随机对照试验，注册于ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT06490705。参与者被随机分配到(i) TRE + TSE (n = 29), （ii）单独TRE （n = 30）和（iii）肿胀运动（对照组，n = 30），为期12周，随访12周加强计划。主要终点是舌功能（IOPI），包括舌前（ATS）和舌后（PTS）的力量，舌前（ATE）和舌后（PTE）的耐力。次要指标为吞咽压力（IOPI），包括唾液压力（SSP）和用力吞咽压力（ESP），临床吞咽功能，包括口腔相困难（DOP）和吞咽唾液次数- NRSS（重复唾液吞咽试验，RSST），吞咽生活质量（sval - qol）。采用广义估计方程模型进行数据分析。结果：招募了患有轻度认知损伤的体弱老年人（n = 89，平均年龄：75.3±6.9岁；82%为女性）。联合TRE + TSE可显著改善ATS [β = 9.5, 95% CI = 3.8-15.1]、PTE [β = 9.7, 95% CI = 2.8-16.6]、SSP [β = 8.9, 95% CI = 5.0-12.9]、努力吞咽压力（ESP） [β = 12.1, 95% CI = 6.8-17.4]、NRSS [β = 4.0, 95% CI = 2.7-5.3]和sal - qol [β = 29.3, 95% CI = 22.4-36.2]，并在12周随访时对NRSS和sal - qol有持续影响。单独使用TRE可改善ATS、SSP、ESP、NRSS和测试后立即的sal - qol，与肿胀运动相比，在随访中对SSP、ESP和sal - qol的持续影响。随着时间的推移，助推器训练保持了这些改进。结论：联合舌部训练比单独舌部训练提供更全面的益处，强化训练维持短期效果。
{"title":"Effects of Tongue Resistance and Strengthening Exercises on Tongue Strength and Oropharyngeal Swallowing in Frail Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Double-Blind Randomised Controlled Trial","authors":"Shu-Hua Kao, Hsin Chu, Kondwani Joseph Banda, Chien-Mei Sung, Ruey Chen, Li-Fang Chang, Kai-Jo Chiang, Li-Chung Pien, Kuei-Ru Chou","doi":"10.1111/joor.70087","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joor.70087","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Reduced tongue function in older adults leads to inefficient bolus transit. Tongue resistance exercises (TRE) involve isometric or isotonic tongue movements performed against an external load to improve tongue strength. Whereas, tongue strengthening exercises (TSE) involve repetitive, high-intensity tongue movements enhancing tongue pressure and swallowing coordination, contributing to safer and more efficient swallowing. However, evidence on the effectiveness of combined TRE and TSE in frail older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains unknown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Explore effects of combined TRE and TSE on tongue function, swallowing pressure, clinical swallowing function, and quality of life in frail older adults with MCI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A prospective, double-blind, three-arm randomised controlled trial registered with ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT06490705. Participants were randomly assigned to (i) TRE + TSE (<i>n</i> = 29), (ii) TRE alone (<i>n</i> = 30), and (iii) cheek-bulging exercises (control group, <i>n</i> = 30) for 12 weeks with a follow-up 12-week booster program. The primary outcome was tongue function (IOPI), including anterior (ATS) and posterior (PTS) tongue strength, and anterior (ATE) and posterior (PTE) tongue endurance. The secondary outcomes were swallowing pressure (IOPI), including saliva (SSP) and effortful (ESP) swallowing pressure, clinical swallowing function including difficulty of oral phase (DOP) and number of saliva swallows - NRSS (repetitive saliva swallowing test, RSST), and swallowing quality of life (SWAL-QOL). Generalised estimating equation model was used for data analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Frail older adults with MCI (<i>n</i> = 89, mean age: 75.3 ± 6.9 years; 82% women) were recruited. Combined TRE + TSE significantly improved ATS [β = 9.5, 95% CI = 3.8–15.1], PTE [β = 9.7, 95% CI = 2.8–16.6], SSP [β = 8.9, 95% CI = 5.0–12.9], effortful swallow pressure (ESP) [β = 12.1, 95% CI = 6.8–17.4], NRSS [β = 4.0, 95% CI = 2.7–5.3] and SWAL-QOL [β = 29.3, 95% CI = 22.4–36.2] with sustained effects on NRSS and SWAL-QOL at 12-week follow-up compared to cheek-bulging exercises. TRE alone improved ATS, SSP, ESP, NRSS, and SWAL-QOL immediate post-test, with sustained effects on SSP, ESP, and SWAL-QOL at follow-up compared to cheek-bulging exercises. Booster training maintained these improvements over time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A combined tongue training offers more ","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":"53 2","pages":"402-414"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145445136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caroline Vieira Maluf, Lizandra Esper Serrano, Ronaldo Hirata, Luis Fernando Pegoraro, Ricardo Guimarães Fischer, Daniel de Moraes Telles
Background
This clinical study aimed to analyze occlusal tooth wear progression in a group of participants over a 25-year follow-up period.
Methods
Thirty-three participants were assessed in this observational retrospective study. Impressions were taken, and casts from three phases were scanned to generate digital models: Phase I in 1996, Phase II in 1999, and Phase III in 2021. These casts were then analyzed using a 3-dimensional (3D) software program (Geomagic Control; 3D Systems) to establish digital comparisons of tooth wear. The Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE) index was used for qualitative 3D analysis, while superimposed image analysis was utilised for quantitative 3D evaluation of tooth wear. A standardised questionnaire assessed behavioural and clinical factors. Statistical analysis was performed using the Friedman test on occlusal wear (p = 0.05).
Results
Occlusal tooth wear increased significantly over time, with median wear affecting 42.9% of teeth in Phase I, 60.7% in Phase II, and 85.7% in Phase III (p < 0.05). Lower first molars were the most affected teeth. BEWE scores also showed a significant increase across phases, indicating moderate tooth wear and a need for treatment. Nonparametric analysis identified behavioural and clinical factors associated with higher BEWE scores, revealing a statistically significant difference between the three phases (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Over 25 years, occlusal tooth wear significantly progressed, especially in lower first molars, with contributing factors including lifestyle and health conditions; 3D digital analysis proved to be a precise and reliable method for long-term assessment.
背景：本临床研究旨在分析一组参与者在25年随访期间的咬合牙齿磨损进展。方法：在本观察性回顾性研究中对33名参与者进行评估。对三个阶段的模型进行了扫描，以生成数字模型：1996年的第一阶段，1999年的第二阶段和2021年的第三阶段。然后使用三维（3D）软件程序（Geomagic Control; 3D Systems）对这些铸型进行分析，以建立牙齿磨损的数字比较。基本侵蚀磨损检查（BEWE）指数用于定性三维分析，而叠加图像分析用于定量三维评估牙齿磨损。一份标准化问卷评估了行为和临床因素。采用Friedman检验对咬合磨损进行统计学分析（p = 0.05）。结果：随着时间的推移，牙合磨耗明显增加，第一阶段中位磨耗率为42.9%，第二阶段为60.7%，第三阶段为85.7% (p)结论：25年来，牙合磨耗明显加重，尤其是下第一磨牙，其影响因素包括生活方式和健康状况；3D数字分析证明是一种精确可靠的长期评估方法。
{"title":"Long-Term In Vivo Evaluation of Occlusal Tooth Wear Progression Utilising 3D Analysis: A 25-Year Retrospective Study","authors":"Caroline Vieira Maluf, Lizandra Esper Serrano, Ronaldo Hirata, Luis Fernando Pegoraro, Ricardo Guimarães Fischer, Daniel de Moraes Telles","doi":"10.1111/joor.70069","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joor.70069","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This clinical study aimed to analyze occlusal tooth wear progression in a group of participants over a 25-year follow-up period.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-three participants were assessed in this observational retrospective study. Impressions were taken, and casts from three phases were scanned to generate digital models: Phase I in 1996, Phase II in 1999, and Phase III in 2021. These casts were then analyzed using a 3-dimensional (3D) software program (Geomagic Control; 3D Systems) to establish digital comparisons of tooth wear. The Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE) index was used for qualitative 3D analysis, while superimposed image analysis was utilised for quantitative 3D evaluation of tooth wear. A standardised questionnaire assessed behavioural and clinical factors. Statistical analysis was performed using the Friedman test on occlusal wear (<i>p</i> = 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Occlusal tooth wear increased significantly over time, with median wear affecting 42.9% of teeth in Phase I, 60.7% in Phase II, and 85.7% in Phase III (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Lower first molars were the most affected teeth. BEWE scores also showed a significant increase across phases, indicating moderate tooth wear and a need for treatment. Nonparametric analysis identified behavioural and clinical factors associated with higher BEWE scores, revealing a statistically significant difference between the three phases (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Over 25 years, occlusal tooth wear significantly progressed, especially in lower first molars, with contributing factors including lifestyle and health conditions; 3D digital analysis proved to be a precise and reliable method for long-term assessment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":"53 2","pages":"392-401"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145445132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates the association between depressive symptoms and the incidence of edentulous jaw in middle-aged and older Chinese adults from a nationally representative cohort, emphasising the longitudinal effects of mental health on oral health.
Methods
Data from 13 217 participants aged ≥ 45 years were analysed using the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) over a seven-year follow-up period. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 10-item CES-D short form and categorised into quartiles. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs), adjusting for sociodemographic factors, health behaviours, and comorbidities. Changes in depressive symptom scores over time were also analysed to explore their influence on edentulous jaw risk.
Results
Higher depressive symptom scores were significantly associated with an increased risk of edentulous jaw. Compared to the lowest quartile, participants in the third and fourth quartiles had a 21% (HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.06–1.39) and 17% (HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.01–1.34) higher risk, respectively. Specific symptoms like “everything was an effort” and “trouble concentrating” independently increased the risk by 5% and 7%, respectively. Participants whose depressive symptoms improved (score reduction > 3 points) had a 24% reduced risk (OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.59–0.97), while worsening symptoms (score increase > 5 points) elevated the risk by 26% (OR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.02–1.55).
Conclusions
Depressive symptoms, especially effort and concentration difficulties, increase edentulous jaw risk, highlighting the importance of integrating mental and dental care to prevent tooth loss in aging populations.
{"title":"Association of Depressive Symptoms With Incidence of Edentulous Jaw in Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Adults","authors":"Zhongying Liu, Mengfan Yan, Yuhao Liu, Pengfei Zhao, Zhouyang Wang, Yunlong Zhang, Menglong Hu","doi":"10.1111/joor.70083","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joor.70083","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigates the association between depressive symptoms and the incidence of edentulous jaw in middle-aged and older Chinese adults from a nationally representative cohort, emphasising the longitudinal effects of mental health on oral health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from 13 217 participants aged ≥ 45 years were analysed using the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) over a seven-year follow-up period. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 10-item CES-D short form and categorised into quartiles. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs), adjusting for sociodemographic factors, health behaviours, and comorbidities. Changes in depressive symptom scores over time were also analysed to explore their influence on edentulous jaw risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Higher depressive symptom scores were significantly associated with an increased risk of edentulous jaw. Compared to the lowest quartile, participants in the third and fourth quartiles had a 21% (HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.06–1.39) and 17% (HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.01–1.34) higher risk, respectively. Specific symptoms like “everything was an effort” and “trouble concentrating” independently increased the risk by 5% and 7%, respectively. Participants whose depressive symptoms improved (score reduction > 3 points) had a 24% reduced risk (OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.59–0.97), while worsening symptoms (score increase > 5 points) elevated the risk by 26% (OR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.02–1.55).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Depressive symptoms, especially effort and concentration difficulties, increase edentulous jaw risk, highlighting the importance of integrating mental and dental care to prevent tooth loss in aging populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":"53 2","pages":"379-391"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145390538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jakob Jonsson Sjögren, Maria Pigg, Alf Eliasson, EndoReCo, Thomas Kvist
Background
An overwhelming majority of root-filled teeth are asymptomatic, despite commonly exhibiting radiological signs of apical periodontitis (AP). When symptoms prevail, several sources are conceivable. This case–control study investigates underlying causes of pain from root-filled teeth.
Objectives
The aims were to (i) compare painful root-filled teeth with root-filled teeth without pain matched on sex, age, jaw and tooth type, and (ii) explore patient- and tooth-related factors that may explain the pain.
Methods
Adult participants (≥ 20 years) with root-filled teeth were investigated through anamnestic, clinical and radiographic examinations. Analyses compared painful to pain-free teeth statistically, and possible origins of pain were indicated. Clinical data and periapical radiographs were used to identify the presence of AP.
Results
Tenderness to percussion and apical palpation, probing depth ≥ 6 mm, swelling and apical radiolucency (p = 0.002–0.040) were more common with painful teeth, while density and length of root filling, unfilled canals, fracture of root and positive screening for TMD (3Q/TMD) did not differ between groups (p = 0.074–0.63). Among the 55 symptomatic teeth, AP was identified in 48 with varying diagnostic certainty. Indication of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) was present in 15 teeth, and marginal periodontitis (MP) in eight teeth. For six teeth, none of the three conditions could be identified.
Conclusions
Tenderness to percussion and apical palpation, swelling, pocket depth ≥ 6 mm, and apical radiolucency were more common with painful teeth. The pain was most frequently associated with AP, but pain due to TMD and MP may occur. For 10% of the root-filled teeth, no findings could explain the symptoms.
{"title":"Root-Filled Teeth With and Without Pain in a Cohort of Individuals Scheduled for Regular Dental Check-Ups. A Matched Case–Control Study","authors":"Jakob Jonsson Sjögren, Maria Pigg, Alf Eliasson, EndoReCo, Thomas Kvist","doi":"10.1111/joor.70089","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joor.70089","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An overwhelming majority of root-filled teeth are asymptomatic, despite commonly exhibiting radiological signs of apical periodontitis (AP). When symptoms prevail, several sources are conceivable. This case–control study investigates underlying causes of pain from root-filled teeth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aims were to (i) compare painful root-filled teeth with root-filled teeth without pain matched on sex, age, jaw and tooth type, and (ii) explore patient- and tooth-related factors that may explain the pain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adult participants (≥ 20 years) with root-filled teeth were investigated through anamnestic, clinical and radiographic examinations. Analyses compared painful to pain-free teeth statistically, and possible origins of pain were indicated. Clinical data and periapical radiographs were used to identify the presence of AP.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Tenderness to percussion</i> and <i>apical palpation</i>, <i>probing depth</i> ≥ <i>6 mm</i>, <i>swelling</i> and <i>apical radiolucency</i> (<i>p</i> = 0.002–0.040) were more common with painful teeth, while <i>density</i> and <i>length of root filling</i>, <i>unfilled canals</i>, <i>fracture of root</i> and <i>positive screening for TMD</i> (3Q/TMD) did not differ between groups (<i>p</i> = 0.074–0.63). Among the 55 symptomatic teeth, AP was identified in 48 with varying diagnostic certainty. Indication of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) was present in 15 teeth, and marginal periodontitis (MP) in eight teeth. For six teeth, none of the three conditions could be identified.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Tenderness to percussion</i> and <i>apical palpation</i>, <i>swelling</i>, <i>pocket depth</i> ≥ <i>6 mm</i>, and <i>apical radiolucency</i> were more common with painful teeth. The pain was most frequently associated with AP, but pain due to TMD and MP may occur. For 10% of the root-filled teeth, no findings could explain the symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":"53 2","pages":"368-378"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12813518/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145377613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hong-Yun Wu, Jing Zhang, An Cao, Pei-Jun Li, Zhi-Gang Cai, Xiao-Feng Shan, Lei Zhang, Yue Yang
Objective
This study aimed to determine the optimal timing and viscosity of thickened liquid intake for patients undergoing tongue and floor-of-mouth tumour resection with reconstruction, using VFSS to reduce nasogastric tube dependence, improve swallowing function, and the quality of life.
Methods
This randomised controlled trial was conducted at a dental specialty hospital from September 2023 to November 2024. Forty-three patients who underwent free flap reconstruction for tongue and floor-of-mouth tumours were randomly divided into control (n = 22) and intervention groups (n = 21). Both received swallowing training, but the intervention group followed a structured oral intake protocol with thickened liquids. After tracheostomy removal, patients received 5 mL of medium-viscosity liquid. If no aspiration occurred, VFSS was performed using 5 mL each of medium-, low- and high-viscosity liquids. The liquid with the lowest PAS score was selected for oral intake. Nasogastric tubes were removed upon safe consumption of 200 mL within 20 min. Outcomes included tube duration, swallowing function, weight loss and quality of life.
Results
VFSS revealed increasing penetration risk with viscosity: 52.4% for low-viscosity, 23.8% for medium-viscosity and 19.0% for high-viscosity liquids. Low-viscosity liquids exhibited an aspiration rate of 14.3%, whereas no aspiration was observed with medium- or high-viscosity liquids. The intervention group had shorter nasogastric tube duration (9.2 vs. 15.6 days, p < 0.05), better swallowing function, less weight loss and higher quality of life (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
A structured thickened liquid diet protocol safely reduces nasogastric tube dependence, enhances swallowing function and quality of life postoperatively.
{"title":"Timing of Thickened Liquid Intake After Tongue and Floor-of-Mouth Tumour Reconstruction: A Randomised Controlled Trial","authors":"Hong-Yun Wu, Jing Zhang, An Cao, Pei-Jun Li, Zhi-Gang Cai, Xiao-Feng Shan, Lei Zhang, Yue Yang","doi":"10.1111/joor.70080","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joor.70080","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to determine the optimal timing and viscosity of thickened liquid intake for patients undergoing tongue and floor-of-mouth tumour resection with reconstruction, using VFSS to reduce nasogastric tube dependence, improve swallowing function, and the quality of life.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This randomised controlled trial was conducted at a dental specialty hospital from September 2023 to November 2024. Forty-three patients who underwent free flap reconstruction for tongue and floor-of-mouth tumours were randomly divided into control (<i>n</i> = 22) and intervention groups (<i>n</i> = 21). Both received swallowing training, but the intervention group followed a structured oral intake protocol with thickened liquids. After tracheostomy removal, patients received 5 mL of medium-viscosity liquid. If no aspiration occurred, VFSS was performed using 5 mL each of medium-, low- and high-viscosity liquids. The liquid with the lowest PAS score was selected for oral intake. Nasogastric tubes were removed upon safe consumption of 200 mL within 20 min. Outcomes included tube duration, swallowing function, weight loss and quality of life.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>VFSS revealed increasing penetration risk with viscosity: 52.4% for low-viscosity, 23.8% for medium-viscosity and 19.0% for high-viscosity liquids. Low-viscosity liquids exhibited an aspiration rate of 14.3%, whereas no aspiration was observed with medium- or high-viscosity liquids. The intervention group had shorter nasogastric tube duration (9.2 vs. 15.6 days, <i>p</i> < 0.05), better swallowing function, less weight loss and higher quality of life (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A structured thickened liquid diet protocol safely reduces nasogastric tube dependence, enhances swallowing function and quality of life postoperatively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":"53 2","pages":"357-367"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145368256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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