Pub Date : 2025-02-25DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.02.006
Mehuli Kar , Aruna Sharma , Kaushik Dutta , Rekha Puttanavar , Sanguida A , Ezhumalai Govindasamy
Background
The knowledge of dental age estimation is essential to assess growth and development which aids in designing a treatment plan. Willems and Cameriere methods are the two most widely used approaches of dental age estimation.
Aim
The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the reliability and applicability of the two methods, among 6–14 year old children of Bengal populace. The secondary objective was to compare the efficacy of Sante DICOM Viewer and CorelDRAW Graphic Suite in assessing dental age by Cameriere method.
Materials and methods
The study sample encompassed 411 digital panoramic radiographs. Dental age was estimated using Willems and Cameriere methods. CorelDRAW Graphic Suite and Sante DICOM Viewer software were used for dental age estimation by Cameriere method. Paired t-test was applied for the inter group comparison. Pearson correlation coefficient was also used to measure the regression among all the groups.
Results
Dental age was overestimated by 0.286 years using Willems method (p = 0.001). However, there was no significant difference between dental ages estimated by Cameriere method using both software (p = 0.130).
Conclusion
Both the methods were equally applicable for age estimation in the targeted population. Cameriere method can be performed with equivalent accuracy using both software.
{"title":"Comparative evaluation of Willems and Cameriere methods of dental age estimation among 6–14 year old Bengali children","authors":"Mehuli Kar , Aruna Sharma , Kaushik Dutta , Rekha Puttanavar , Sanguida A , Ezhumalai Govindasamy","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The knowledge of dental age estimation is essential to assess growth and development which aids in designing a treatment plan. Willems and Cameriere methods are the two most widely used approaches of dental age estimation.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the reliability and applicability of the two methods, among 6–14 year old children of Bengal populace. The secondary objective was to compare the efficacy of Sante DICOM Viewer and CorelDRAW Graphic Suite in assessing dental age by Cameriere method.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>The study sample encompassed 411 digital panoramic radiographs. Dental age was estimated using Willems and Cameriere methods. CorelDRAW Graphic Suite and Sante DICOM Viewer software were used for dental age estimation by Cameriere method. Paired <em>t</em>-test was applied for the inter group comparison. Pearson correlation coefficient was also used to measure the regression among all the groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Dental age was overestimated by 0.286 years using Willems method (p = 0.001). However, there was no significant difference between dental ages estimated by Cameriere method using both software (p = 0.130).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Both the methods were equally applicable for age estimation in the targeted population. Cameriere method can be performed with equivalent accuracy using both software.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 2","pages":"Pages 433-439"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Growth and development in children depend significantly on their nutritional status; therefore, nutritional deficiencies can greatly influence dental and bone maturity. The level of dental maturation can be used to measure dental development. Mandibular bone density (MBD) can directly impact certain invasive procedures, such as extractions and dental trauma management. This study aimed to determine the influence of nutritional status on dental maturation and MBD in children aged 6–9 years.
Materials and methods
The study used 108 panoramic radiographs from children in this age and divided them into three groups: low, moderate, and high nutritional status. The nutritional status was determined on the basis of height-for-age (H/A) z-scores using the WHO H/A chart. The dental maturity score was calculated as the total score of the seven mandibular teeth in the left region using the Nolla method. Using fractal analysis, MBD was measured as the average fractal dimension values from three regions of interest (ROI): the condyle, angle, and below the second premolar and first permanent molar of the left mandible. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA for dental maturation levels and the Kruskal-Wallis test for MBD (95 % CI).
Results
The results showed significant differences in dental maturation levels between the nutritional status groups, with dental maturation in the low-nutrition group being significantly slower than in the other groups. The MBD showed no significant differences between the nutritional status groups.
Conclusion
This study concluded that nutritional status influences the level of dental maturation, but not MBD.
{"title":"Effect of nutritional status on dental maturation and mandibular bone density among Indonesian children aged 6–9 Years in Yogyakarta","authors":"Abshari Rizky Sudjatmoko , Supartinah Santoso , Ryna Dwi Yanuaryska","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.02.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.02.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Growth and development in children depend significantly on their nutritional status; therefore, nutritional deficiencies can greatly influence dental and bone maturity. The level of dental maturation can be used to measure dental development. Mandibular bone density (MBD) can directly impact certain invasive procedures, such as extractions and dental trauma management. This study aimed to determine the influence of nutritional status on dental maturation and MBD in children aged 6–9 years.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>The study used 108 panoramic radiographs from children in this age and divided them into three groups: low, moderate, and high nutritional status. The nutritional status was determined on the basis of height-for-age (H/A) z-scores using the WHO H/A chart. The dental maturity score was calculated as the total score of the seven mandibular teeth in the left region using the Nolla method. Using fractal analysis, MBD was measured as the average fractal dimension values from three regions of interest (ROI): the condyle, angle, and below the second premolar and first permanent molar of the left mandible. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA for dental maturation levels and the Kruskal-Wallis test for MBD (95 % CI).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results showed significant differences in dental maturation levels between the nutritional status groups, with dental maturation in the low-nutrition group being significantly slower than in the other groups. The MBD showed no significant differences between the nutritional status groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study concluded that nutritional status influences the level of dental maturation, but not MBD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 2","pages":"Pages 428-432"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The awareness of the symbiotic correlation between folic acid and its role in preventing orofacial clefts in pregnant mothers needs to be established during the early gestational period, proving that consumption in both dietary and supplementation forms has positive effects on the mother and the developing fetus.
Aim
The present study raises awareness of the benefits and use of folic acid supplementation in the early phases of gestation.
Materials and methods
A questionnaire survey was conducted over 9 months. It was designed with a total of 13 queries, and a sizable sample of 100 women were personally interviewed after obtaining verbal consent.
Results
A total of 100 pregnant women of different age groups participated in the questionnaire study. Of these, only 11 of the respondents were found to be aware of the benefits of folic acid as a nutritional supplement, and 29 respondents were on folic acid supplementation. Almost 52 percent of those surveyed failed to take folate supplementation in the first two trimesters.
Conclusion
The survey highlights the urgent need for information access and awareness to understand the benefits of supplementary folic acid among pregnant mothers in the prevention of orofacial clefts and overall well-being.
{"title":"Early cognizance of folic acid supplementation among pregnant women in the prevention of cleft lip and palate- a questionnaire study","authors":"Komagan Prabhu Nakkeeran, Akshata Jitender, Selvakumar Thulasiraman, Velavan Krishnan, Muthalagappan P.L.","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.01.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.01.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The awareness of the symbiotic correlation between folic acid and its role in preventing orofacial clefts in pregnant mothers needs to be established during the early gestational period, proving that consumption in both dietary and supplementation forms has positive effects on the mother and the developing fetus.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>The present study raises awareness of the benefits and use of folic acid supplementation in the early phases of gestation.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A questionnaire survey was conducted over 9 months. It was designed with a total of 13 queries, and a sizable sample of 100 women were personally interviewed after obtaining verbal consent.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 100 pregnant women of different age groups participated in the questionnaire study. Of these, only 11 of the respondents were found to be aware of the benefits of folic acid as a nutritional supplement, and 29 respondents were on folic acid supplementation. Almost 52 percent of those surveyed failed to take folate supplementation in the first two trimesters.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The survey highlights the urgent need for information access and awareness to understand the benefits of supplementary folic acid among pregnant mothers in the prevention of orofacial clefts and overall well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 2","pages":"Pages 421-427"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.02.004
Ida Bagus Narmada , Talat Hasan Al-Gunaid , I Gusti Aju Wahju Ardani , Ari Triwardhani , Alida Alida , Tengku Natasha Eleena binti Tengku Ahmad Noor , Reyhan Mahendra Nur , Monika Nilam Suryani , Alivianda Zahrina Saraya , Maria Devitha , Erza Widyarini , Olivia Halim , Wibi Riawan , Putri Cahaya Situmorang , Igo Syaiful Ihsan , Alexander Patera Nugraha
Background
Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) flower extract (RFE) can potentially be an adjuvant in orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in the alveolar bone (AB) by regulating inflammatory response, and bone remodeling through tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB), heat shock protein (HSP)-10, HSP-70, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and osteocalcin expression.
Objective
To investigate TNF-α, NF-κB, HSP-10, HSP-70, ALP, and osteocalcin expression after RFE administration during OTM in the AB in vivo.
Materials and methods
Forty healthy male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were randomly divided into two groups, OTM group (K) and OTM with RFE group (KP). An 8-mm nickel-titanium closed coil spring and a ligature wire linked from the first upper left molar to the central incisor at a light force of 10 g. The rats received RFE administration using a blunt microneedle and a 0.01-ml dosage on the gingiva sulcus of a molar on days 1, 7, 14, and 21 and were then sacrificed, respectively. The ALP, osteocalcin, NFκβ, TNF-α, HSP-10, and HSP-70 expressions were analyzed immunohistochemically.
Result
The highest HSP-70, NFκβ, and TNF-α expressions on the compression side of the AB found on day 1 were significantly different between the groups (p ≤ 0.05). The highest expressions of ALP and HSP-10 on the tension side were found on day 7. Meanwhile, the highest osteocalcin expression found on day 21 was significantly different between the groups (p ≤ 0.05).
Conclusion
RFE decreased TNF-α, NF-κB, and HSP-70 expression and enhanced osteocalcin and ALP expression in the AB during OTM in Wistar rats (R. novergicus).
{"title":"Effects of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) flower extracts on various inflammatory and bone apposition biomarkers during orthodontic tooth movement: An experimental animal study","authors":"Ida Bagus Narmada , Talat Hasan Al-Gunaid , I Gusti Aju Wahju Ardani , Ari Triwardhani , Alida Alida , Tengku Natasha Eleena binti Tengku Ahmad Noor , Reyhan Mahendra Nur , Monika Nilam Suryani , Alivianda Zahrina Saraya , Maria Devitha , Erza Widyarini , Olivia Halim , Wibi Riawan , Putri Cahaya Situmorang , Igo Syaiful Ihsan , Alexander Patera Nugraha","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Roselle (<em>Hibiscus sabdariffa</em>) flower extract (RFE) can potentially be an adjuvant in orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in the alveolar bone (AB) by regulating inflammatory response, and bone remodeling through tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB), heat shock protein (HSP)-10, HSP-70, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and osteocalcin expression.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate TNF-α, NF-κB, HSP-10, HSP-70, ALP, and osteocalcin expression after RFE administration during OTM in the AB <em>in vivo.</em></div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Forty healthy male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were randomly divided into two groups, OTM group (K) and OTM with RFE group (KP). An 8-mm nickel-titanium closed coil spring and a ligature wire linked from the first upper left molar to the central incisor at a light force of 10 g. The rats received RFE administration using a blunt microneedle and a 0.01-ml dosage on the gingiva sulcus of a molar on days 1, 7, 14, and 21 and were then sacrificed, respectively. The ALP, osteocalcin, NFκβ, TNF-α, HSP-10, and HSP-70 expressions were analyzed immunohistochemically.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>The highest HSP-70, NFκβ, and TNF-α expressions on the compression side of the AB found on day 1 were significantly different between the groups (p ≤ 0.05). The highest expressions of ALP and HSP-10 on the tension side were found on day 7. Meanwhile, the highest osteocalcin expression found on day 21 was significantly different between the groups (p ≤ 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>RFE decreased TNF-α, NF-κB, and HSP-70 expression and enhanced osteocalcin and ALP expression in the AB during OTM in Wistar rats (<em>R. novergicus</em>).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 2","pages":"Pages 412-420"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.01.025
Andrea Grandoch , I Mohammed Barham
Objective
With the aim of further optimizing the care of patients with primary non-syndromic craniosynostosis, we describe a novel and clinically feasible measurement method to predict postoperative outcomes and provide an analysis of quality of life.
Design
76 patients with primary non-syndromic craniosynostosis were treated by one surgeon. 47 healthy patients without craniosynostosis formed the control group. All patients had an age between 3 months and 18 years.
Based on manual measurement using callipers, x-ray-imaging and 3-D-photographs of the head, various detailed symmetry and aesthetic indices were collected using a novel digital measurement tool that was integrated into a clinically established programme. These are compared with a healthy control group without craniosynostosis. In addition, perioperative data, a clinical visual assessment of the scars and quality of life were evaluated using a standardised questionnaire.
Results
Individual values show statistically significant deviations from the control group preoperatively and immediately postoperatively, which are typical for the respective form of craniosynostosis. Overall, there were good results in terms of symmetry, aesthetics and satisfaction. Interestingly, the quality of life of operated patients tended to be rated better overall than in the control group.
Conclusion
The detailed measurement technique presented is easy to use and enables an individual, efficient and internationally comparable assessment of the pre- and postoperative findings of patients with primary non-syndromic craniosynostosis. The additional survey of quality of life provides a valuable contribution to the analysis of affected patients.
{"title":"Novel digital measurement system for predicting surgical outcomes in patients with primary non-syndromic craniosynostosis","authors":"Andrea Grandoch , I Mohammed Barham","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.01.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.01.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>With the aim of further optimizing the care of patients with primary non-syndromic craniosynostosis, we describe a novel and clinically feasible measurement method to predict postoperative outcomes and provide an analysis of quality of life.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>76 patients with primary non-syndromic craniosynostosis were treated by one surgeon. 47 healthy patients without craniosynostosis formed the control group. All patients had an age between 3 months and 18 years.</div><div>Based on manual measurement using callipers, x-ray-imaging and 3-D-photographs of the head, various detailed symmetry and aesthetic indices were collected using a novel digital measurement tool that was integrated into a clinically established programme. These are compared with a healthy control group without craniosynostosis. In addition, perioperative data, a clinical visual assessment of the scars and quality of life were evaluated using a standardised questionnaire.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Individual values show statistically significant deviations from the control group preoperatively and immediately postoperatively, which are typical for the respective form of craniosynostosis. Overall, there were good results in terms of symmetry, aesthetics and satisfaction. Interestingly, the quality of life of operated patients tended to be rated better overall than in the control group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The detailed measurement technique presented is easy to use and enables an individual, efficient and internationally comparable assessment of the pre- and postoperative findings of patients with primary non-syndromic craniosynostosis. The additional survey of quality of life provides a valuable contribution to the analysis of affected patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 2","pages":"Pages 406-411"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare, benign spindle-cell neoplasm initially thought to be of mesothelial origin but later recognized as mesenchymal. While uncommon in the head and neck region, SFTs typically present in the oral cavity, orbit, and paranasal sinuses. The tumor's imaging characteristics, such as those seen in ultrasound and MRI, can often mimic vascular lesions, leading to diagnostic challenges. This report presents a case of a 36-year-old female with a painless, gradually enlarging mass in the left temporal region. Imaging suggested a fusiform hypoechoic lesion in the infratemporal region, likely involving the temporal bone and masticator space. Surgical excision was performed using the Alkayat-Bramley approach with zygomatic arch osteotomy for better access. Histopathology revealed spindle cells in a collagenous stroma with vascular spaces, multinucleated giant cells, and hemorrhagic areas, confirmed as SFT by positive immunohistochemical markers (Vimentin, S100, CD34, BCL2, and STAT6). Postoperative recovery was uneventful, and there was no recurrence at follow-up.
SFTs in the head and neck often present with nonspecific symptoms due to their slow growth and lack of compression of vital structures. Imaging features may suggest a vascular lesion, but definitive diagnosis requires histopathological and immunohistochemical confirmation. Surgical excision remains the treatment of choice, with radiotherapy reserved for challenging cases. While chemotherapy has limited efficacy, complete resection with long-term follow-up is crucial due to the potential for recurrence, especially in malignant forms. This case highlights the importance of including SFT in the differential diagnosis for head and neck lesions and underscores the role of histological analysis in achieving an accurate diagnosis.
{"title":"Solitary fibrous tumor of temporal and infratemporal region: A case report and review of rare entity","authors":"Rajesh chauhan, Virendra Singh, Ankita dahiya, Jishnu mohan","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.02.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare, benign spindle-cell neoplasm initially thought to be of mesothelial origin but later recognized as mesenchymal. While uncommon in the head and neck region, SFTs typically present in the oral cavity, orbit, and paranasal sinuses. The tumor's imaging characteristics, such as those seen in ultrasound and MRI, can often mimic vascular lesions, leading to diagnostic challenges. This report presents a case of a 36-year-old female with a painless, gradually enlarging mass in the left temporal region. Imaging suggested a fusiform hypoechoic lesion in the infratemporal region, likely involving the temporal bone and masticator space. Surgical excision was performed using the Alkayat-Bramley approach with zygomatic arch osteotomy for better access. Histopathology revealed spindle cells in a collagenous stroma with vascular spaces, multinucleated giant cells, and hemorrhagic areas, confirmed as SFT by positive immunohistochemical markers (Vimentin, S100, CD34, BCL2, and STAT6). Postoperative recovery was uneventful, and there was no recurrence at follow-up.</div><div>SFTs in the head and neck often present with nonspecific symptoms due to their slow growth and lack of compression of vital structures. Imaging features may suggest a vascular lesion, but definitive diagnosis requires histopathological and immunohistochemical confirmation. Surgical excision remains the treatment of choice, with radiotherapy reserved for challenging cases. While chemotherapy has limited efficacy, complete resection with long-term follow-up is crucial due to the potential for recurrence, especially in malignant forms. This case highlights the importance of including SFT in the differential diagnosis for head and neck lesions and underscores the role of histological analysis in achieving an accurate diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 2","pages":"Pages 402-405"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The green synthesis of silver nanoparticles has gained attention for being environmentally friendly and cost-effective. This study investigates the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using neem and turmeric extracts, which serve as natural reducing and capping agents, with a focus on characterizing these nanoparticles and assessing their antimicrobial properties against oral pathogens.
Materials and methods
Neem and turmeric extracts were prepared by heating their powdered forms in distilled water, followed by filtration. The extracts were then mixed with a silver nitrate solution, and the reaction was stirred for 24–48 h. The resulting nanoparticles were characterized using UV–Visible spectroscopy, SEM, EDAX, and XRD analysis. The antimicrobial activity of the nanoparticles was tested against four oral pathogens using the agar well diffusion method.
Results
Successful synthesis of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by a color change and characterization analyses. UV–Visible spectroscopy showed a peak at 440 nm, indicating nanoparticle formation. SEM revealed spherical and uniform nanoparticles, while EDAX confirmed the presence of silver. XRD analysis showed the crystalline nature of the nanoparticles, with sizes ranging from 4 nm to 14.81 nm. The nanoparticles exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, and Lactobacillus species, but were less effective against Candida albicans.
Conclusion
The study demonstrates the effectiveness of neem and turmeric extracts in the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles, which exhibited notable antimicrobial activity. This research underscores the potential of plant-mediated synthesis for developing eco-friendly antimicrobial agents.
{"title":"Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using neem and turmeric extract and its antimicrobial activity of plant mediated silver nanoparticles","authors":"Rohit Kumar Singh , Deepak Nallaswamy , Shanmugam Rajeshkumar , Sheeja S. Varghese","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The green synthesis of silver nanoparticles has gained attention for being environmentally friendly and cost-effective. This study investigates the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using neem and turmeric extracts, which serve as natural reducing and capping agents, with a focus on characterizing these nanoparticles and assessing their antimicrobial properties against oral pathogens.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Neem and turmeric extracts were prepared by heating their powdered forms in distilled water, followed by filtration. The extracts were then mixed with a silver nitrate solution, and the reaction was stirred for 24–48 h. The resulting nanoparticles were characterized using UV–Visible spectroscopy, SEM, EDAX, and XRD analysis. The antimicrobial activity of the nanoparticles was tested against four oral pathogens using the agar well diffusion method.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Successful synthesis of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by a color change and characterization analyses. UV–Visible spectroscopy showed a peak at 440 nm, indicating nanoparticle formation. SEM revealed spherical and uniform nanoparticles, while EDAX confirmed the presence of silver. XRD analysis showed the crystalline nature of the nanoparticles, with sizes ranging from 4 nm to 14.81 nm. The nanoparticles exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, Streptococcus mutans, and Lactobacillus species, but were less effective against Candida albicans.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study demonstrates the effectiveness of neem and turmeric extracts in the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles, which exhibited notable antimicrobial activity. This research underscores the potential of plant-mediated synthesis for developing eco-friendly antimicrobial agents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 2","pages":"Pages 395-401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-15DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.02.007
Tanvi Shah , Kripa Dutta , Swagata Saha , Manju Raman Nair
Background
The consumption of sugary snacks like candies alters the oral environment, increasing the risk of dental caries. This study evaluates changes in salivary pH, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) following the consumption of candies and yogurt.
Aim
To compare the impact of candies on the oral environment and assess the effectiveness of rinsing with water versus consuming yogurt in reversing cariogenic changes in saliva.
Materials and methods
Baseline saliva samples (5 mL) were collected from 60 children. Participants consumed candies, and saliva was collected 10 min post-consumption. They were divided into two groups: Group 1 rinsed with water, and Group 2 consumed yogurt. Saliva samples were collected at 10, 20 and 30 min post-intervention and analyzed for pH, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and TAC. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests and post hoc Tukey tests.
Results
Candy consumption significantly decreased pH, calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase levels (p < 0.001) and increased TAC levels (p < 0.001). Both water rinsing and yogurt consumption reversed these changes. Yogurt showed superior remineralization, with pH, calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase levels returning to baseline more effectively than water rinsing (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). TAC levels were also restored more quickly with yogurt (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Candy consumption induces a cariogenic environment. Both water rinsing and yogurt consumption effectively reversed these effects, with yogurt showing enhanced remineralization potential.
{"title":"Evaluation of salivary parameters and remineralizing effects of yogurt in counteracting the cariogenic impact of candy consumption: An in vivo study","authors":"Tanvi Shah , Kripa Dutta , Swagata Saha , Manju Raman Nair","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The consumption of sugary snacks like candies alters the oral environment, increasing the risk of dental caries. This study evaluates changes in salivary pH, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) following the consumption of candies and yogurt.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To compare the impact of candies on the oral environment and assess the effectiveness of rinsing with water versus consuming yogurt in reversing cariogenic changes in saliva.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Baseline saliva samples (5 mL) were collected from 60 children. Participants consumed candies, and saliva was collected 10 min post-consumption. They were divided into two groups: Group 1 rinsed with water, and Group 2 consumed yogurt. Saliva samples were collected at 10, 20 and 30 min post-intervention and analyzed for pH, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and TAC. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests and post hoc Tukey tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Candy consumption significantly decreased pH, calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase levels (p < 0.001) and increased TAC levels (p < 0.001). Both water rinsing and yogurt consumption reversed these changes. Yogurt showed superior remineralization, with pH, calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase levels returning to baseline more effectively than water rinsing (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). TAC levels were also restored more quickly with yogurt (p < 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Candy consumption induces a cariogenic environment. Both water rinsing and yogurt consumption effectively reversed these effects, with yogurt showing enhanced remineralization potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 2","pages":"Pages 390-394"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-15DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.02.002
Snehalata Narvekar , Shridhar D. Baliga , Punnya V Angadi
Background
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic, potentially malignant disorder associated with areca nut consumption. It is characterized by progressive fibrosis, trismus, and a significant risk of malignancy, with limited treatment options primarily offering symptomatic relief. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), a type of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), have shown potential for modulating fibrotic conditions through their immunomodulatory and regenerative properties. This study evaluates the antifibrotic potential of DPSCs on OSMF fibroblasts in an in vitro model.
Methods
DPSCs were isolated from healthy permanent teeth and characterized using flow cytometry for MSC markers (CD73, CD90, CD44, CD105). Fibroblasts were cultured from OSMF biopsy samples and validated through magnetic sorting and morphological analysis. The antifibrotic effects of DPSCs on fibroblasts were evaluated using assays for collagen gel contraction, proliferation, TGF-β1 secretion, and morphological changes. Data were analyzed for statistical significance using appropriate tests.
Results
The mean collagen gel size decreased from 3.235 mm (95 % CI: 1.65–4.82 mm) in the control group to 1.00 mm (95 % CI: −0.27 – 2.27 mm) in the DPSC-treated group. Fibroblast viability declined significantly over 72 h (p < 0.05). TGF-β1 secretion was markedly lower in DPSC-treated fibroblasts (339.38 pg/mL vs 637.61 pg/mL, p = 0.000393, Cohen's d = 19.15).
Conclusion
DPSCs exhibit strong antifibrotic properties by inhibiting collagen contraction, suppressing fibroblast proliferation, and reducing TGF-β1 secretion. These findings suggest DPSCs as a promising cell-based therapy for OSMF. Further in vivo studies are warranted for clinical translation.
Trial registration number
Not applicable.
{"title":"Dental pulp stem cells as a novel antifibrotic therapy for oral submucous fibrosis: An in vitro study","authors":"Snehalata Narvekar , Shridhar D. Baliga , Punnya V Angadi","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic, potentially malignant disorder associated with areca nut consumption. It is characterized by progressive fibrosis, trismus, and a significant risk of malignancy, with limited treatment options primarily offering symptomatic relief. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), a type of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), have shown potential for modulating fibrotic conditions through their immunomodulatory and regenerative properties. This study evaluates the antifibrotic potential of DPSCs on OSMF fibroblasts in an in vitro model.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>DPSCs were isolated from healthy permanent teeth and characterized using flow cytometry for MSC markers (CD73, CD90, CD44, CD105). Fibroblasts were cultured from OSMF biopsy samples and validated through magnetic sorting and morphological analysis. The antifibrotic effects of DPSCs on fibroblasts were evaluated using assays for collagen gel contraction, proliferation, TGF-β1 secretion, and morphological changes. Data were analyzed for statistical significance using appropriate tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean collagen gel size decreased from 3.235 mm (95 % CI: 1.65–4.82 mm) in the control group to 1.00 mm (95 % CI: −0.27 – 2.27 mm) in the DPSC-treated group. Fibroblast viability declined significantly over 72 h (p < 0.05). TGF-β1 secretion was markedly lower in DPSC-treated fibroblasts (339.38 pg/mL vs 637.61 pg/mL, p = 0.000393, Cohen's d = 19.15).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>DPSCs exhibit strong antifibrotic properties by inhibiting collagen contraction, suppressing fibroblast proliferation, and reducing TGF-β1 secretion. These findings suggest DPSCs as a promising cell-based therapy for OSMF. Further in vivo studies are warranted for clinical translation.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration number</h3><div>Not applicable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 2","pages":"Pages 383-389"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Orofacial pain conditions, including temporomandibular disorder, migraine, dental pain, and trigeminal neuralgia, are complex, multifactorial disorders with significant impacts on patients' quality of life. As understanding of the pathophysiology of these conditions has deepened, the role of molecular and genetic biomarkers in diagnosing, monitoring, and potentially treating orofacial pain has garnered increasing interest. This scoping review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research on biomarkers associated with orofacial pain conditions. By analyzing existing literature, we identify key biomarkers linked to inflammation, neural activity, and tissue degradation that are common across multiple conditions, as well as those specific to particular disorders. Our findings underscore the potential of these biomarkers to guide the development of personalized therapeutic strategies. However, the review also highlights the challenges faced by current biomarker research, including heterogeneity in study designs, small sample sizes, and a lack of longitudinal data. Addressing these challenges is critical for translating biomarker research into clinical practice and improving outcomes for patients with orofacial pain.
{"title":"Biomarkers in orofacial pain conditions: A narrative review","authors":"Mervin Harris , Saranya Sreekumar , Bindhu Paul , Venkitachalam Ramanarayanan , Suresh Nayar , Pramod Subash , Anil Mathew","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.01.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.01.029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Orofacial pain conditions, including temporomandibular disorder, migraine, dental pain, and trigeminal neuralgia, are complex, multifactorial disorders with significant impacts on patients' quality of life. As understanding of the pathophysiology of these conditions has deepened, the role of molecular and genetic biomarkers in diagnosing, monitoring, and potentially treating orofacial pain has garnered increasing interest. This scoping review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research on biomarkers associated with orofacial pain conditions. By analyzing existing literature, we identify key biomarkers linked to inflammation, neural activity, and tissue degradation that are common across multiple conditions, as well as those specific to particular disorders. Our findings underscore the potential of these biomarkers to guide the development of personalized therapeutic strategies. However, the review also highlights the challenges faced by current biomarker research, including heterogeneity in study designs, small sample sizes, and a lack of longitudinal data. Addressing these challenges is critical for translating biomarker research into clinical practice and improving outcomes for patients with orofacial pain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 2","pages":"Pages 365-382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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