Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research最新文献

Background: Whitlockite (WH), a magnesium-enriched calcium phosphate mineral, is emerging as a promising biomaterial in bone tissue engineering due to its chemical similarity to natural bone and dual role in promoting osteogenesis and regulating bone resorption. Compared to conventional materials like hydroxyapatite (HA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), WH offers higher solubility, superior ion release (notably Mg²⁺), and enhanced bioactivity.

Objective: This systematic review evaluates the in vivo efficacy of WH-based biomaterials in bone regeneration. Key outcomes include bone volume fraction (BV/TV), bone mineral density (BMD), osteogenic marker expression, and histological bone quality.

Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central was conducted up to March 2025. Eligible studies assessed WH-based materials in animal bone defect models with quantifiable regenerative outcomes. Two reviewers independently performed data extraction and quality assessment using the SYRCLE Risk of Bias tool. Meta-analysis was not feasible due to significant heterogeneity across models, scaffold types, and endpoints.

Results: Seventeen animal studies (rats, mice, rabbits) met inclusion criteria. WH was used in forms such as nanoparticles, granules, and scaffolds with polymers like chitosan and gelatin. WH consistently outperformed HA and β-TCP with up to a 2-6 % increase in BV/TV, BMD, and histological bone formation. Upregulation of ALP, OCN, RUNX2, and COL1 was observed. Doped WH variants and composites enhanced osteoinductive and angiogenic responses. No adverse effects were reported.

Conclusion: WH demonstrates superior osteogenic and biocompatible properties over traditional calcium phosphates. Future standardized, long-term studies are needed to support clinical translation for orthopedic and dental bone regeneration.

Background: Adjunctive therapies play a crucial role in enhancing the efficacy of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) by addressing the multifactorial nature of periodontal disease. Injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) and metronidazole-infused PRF gel have emerged as potential biomaterials that promote periodontal regeneration and antibacterial effects, respectively.

Objective: To evaluate and compare the clinical efficacy of i-PRF and metronidazole-infused PRF gel as adjuncts to NSPT in patients with periodontitis.

Method: ology: A randomized controlled trial was conducted on 20 periodontal sites in patients with Stage II-III periodontitis. Sites were divided into two groups (n = 10 each), receiving either i-PRF or metronidazole-infused PRF gel following NSPT. Clinical parameters, including Oral Hygiene Index (OHI), Gingival Index (GI), Bleeding on Probing (BOP), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL), were assessed at baseline, 4 weeks, and 3 months. Statistical analyses included the Mann-Whitney U test for intergroup comparisons and the Friedman test for intragroup comparisons.

Results: Both groups showed significant improvement in PPD and CAL over the study period (p < 0.001). The metronidazole-infused PRF gel group demonstrated a more pronounced reduction in GI and BOP compared to the i-PRF group (p = 0.01 and p = 0.66, respectively). Improvements in OHI were observed in both groups but were not statistically significant.

Conclusion: The study highlights the potential of metronidazole-infused PRF gel as a superior adjunct to NSPT due to its enhanced antimicrobial effects and periodontal tissue healing properties. Personalized therapeutic strategies incorporating bioactive materials can optimize periodontal treatment outcomes.

Introduction: and aim: Due to its excellent mechanical strength and biocompatibility, Polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) is emerging as a potential substitute for titanium in dental implant applications. The aim of the study was to evaluate its cytotoxicity, pro-inflammatory responses, and molecular interactions to assess its potential in implant applications.

Methods: This study evaluated the cytotoxicity, pro-inflammatory cytokine responses, and molecular interactions of PEKK compared to titanium. Disc-shaped samples (10 mm × 2 mm) were fabricated for each material following ISO standards. Human periodontal fibroblast cells were cultured and treated with the samples for cytotoxicity assessment using the MTT assay, while pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression (IL-1β, TNF-α) was analyzed via real-time PCR. Molecular docking was conducted using AutoDock to investigate PEKK's binding interactions with cytokines, and data was analyzed with one-way ANOVA and post hoc test (P < 0.05).

Results: PEKK showed comparable cytocompatibility to titanium, yielding similar outcomes in cell viability (P > 0.05) or pro-inflammatory cytokine expression (P > 0.05). Molecular docking revealed strong interactions with IL-1β (-8.9 kcal/mol) and TNF-α (-7.3 kcal/mol).

Conclusion: This study demonstrates that PEKK exhibits comparable cytocompatibility and pro-inflammatory responses to titanium, with a potential to modulate inflammatory pathways. Further in vivo studies are needed to confirm its clinical viability as an implant material.

Clinical relevance: This study gives the clue of PEKK as an aesthetic implant biomaterial and it can be useful as an alternative to Titanium dental implant.