Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research最新文献_第6页

Dual pathway activation in wound repair: An in vitro study of betanin and theaflavin on periodontal ligament fibroblasts 伤口修复的双通路激活：甜菜素和茶黄素对牙周韧带成纤维细胞的体外研究

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.10.020

Arwa Alihusain Kapasi , Taniya Mary Martin , Meenakshi Sundaram Kishore Kumar , Jayalakshmi Somasundaram , Kommireddy Vaishnavi

Background

Wound healing is a highly coordinated biological process involving inflammation resolution and neovascularization. Dysregulation of these processes can result in chronic wounds, especially in inflammatory or oxidative stress–rich environments. There is growing interest in natural compounds that can simultaneously promote angiogenesis and suppress inflammation to enhance wound healing outcomes.

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the synergistic wound-healing effects of betanin and theaflavin in vitro by assessing their ability to enhance cell viability, migration, and gene expression related to inflammation and angiogenesis in human periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts.

Methods

PDL fibroblasts were treated with betanin, theaflavin, and their combinations at two concentrations (viz., 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125 μg/mL) were preliminary screened by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and based on the IC₅₀ values, further tested with two concentrations (10 μg/mL and 25 μg/mL, individually and in combination). The scratch assay was employed to evaluate fibroblast migration. To assess molecular changes, qRT-PCR was performed to quantify expression levels of VEGF-A, HIF-1α, NF-κB, IκBα, and IL-10.

Results

Combination treatment significantly enhanced cell viability and wound closure compared to individual treatments and controls. Gene expression analysis showed increased expression of VEGF-A and HIF-1α, indicating improved angiogenic potential. Concurrently, NF-κB expression was reduced, while IκBα and IL-10 were upregulated, indicating anti-inflammatory activity.

Conclusion

The combined use of betanin and theaflavin enhances in vitro wound healing by promoting angiogenesis and modulating inflammatory responses. This integrative strategy may offer a promising natural therapeutic approach for managing tissue repair in oral and dermal wounds.

伤口愈合是一个高度协调的生物过程，涉及炎症消退和新生血管。这些过程的失调可导致慢性伤口，特别是在炎症或氧化应激丰富的环境中。人们对能够同时促进血管生成和抑制炎症以提高伤口愈合效果的天然化合物越来越感兴趣。目的通过观察甜菜素和茶黄素对人牙周韧带成纤维细胞的细胞活力、迁移以及炎症和血管生成相关基因表达的影响，探讨其体外创面愈合的协同作用。方法采用3-（4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基）-2,5-二苯基溴化四氮唑（MTT）法初步筛选甜菜素、茶黄素及其联用两种浓度（1、5、10、25、50、75、100、125 μg/mL）对spdl成纤维细胞的影响，并根据IC50值，分别以10 μg/mL和25 μg/mL单独和联合使用两种浓度进行检测。采用划痕法评价成纤维细胞的迁移。为了评估分子变化，采用qRT-PCR方法量化VEGF-A、HIF-1α、NF-κB、i -κB α和IL-10的表达水平。结果与单独治疗和对照组相比，联合治疗显著提高了细胞活力和伤口愈合。基因表达分析显示VEGF-A和HIF-1α表达增加，表明血管生成潜力增强。同时，NF-κB表达降低，而i -κB α和IL-10表达上调，显示抗炎活性。结论甜菜素与茶黄素联合应用通过促进血管生成和调节炎症反应促进体外创面愈合。这种综合策略可能为口腔和皮肤伤口的组织修复提供一种有前途的自然治疗方法。

{"title":"Dual pathway activation in wound repair: An in vitro study of betanin and theaflavin on periodontal ligament fibroblasts","authors":"Arwa Alihusain Kapasi , Taniya Mary Martin , Meenakshi Sundaram Kishore Kumar , Jayalakshmi Somasundaram , Kommireddy Vaishnavi","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.10.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.10.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Wound healing is a highly coordinated biological process involving inflammation resolution and neovascularization. Dysregulation of these processes can result in chronic wounds, especially in inflammatory or oxidative stress–rich environments. There is growing interest in natural compounds that can simultaneously promote angiogenesis and suppress inflammation to enhance wound healing outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to evaluate the synergistic wound-healing effects of betanin and theaflavin in vitro by assessing their ability to enhance cell viability, migration, and gene expression related to inflammation and angiogenesis in human periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>PDL fibroblasts were treated with betanin, theaflavin, and their combinations at two concentrations (<em>viz.,</em> 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125 μg/mL) were preliminary screened by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and based on the IC<sub>50</sub> values, further tested with two concentrations (10 μg/mL and 25 μg/mL, individually and in combination). The scratch assay was employed to evaluate fibroblast migration. To assess molecular changes, qRT-PCR was performed to quantify expression levels of VEGF-A, HIF-1α, NF-κB, IκBα, and IL-10.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Combination treatment significantly enhanced cell viability and wound closure compared to individual treatments and controls. Gene expression analysis showed increased expression of VEGF-A and HIF-1α, indicating improved angiogenic potential. Concurrently, NF-κB expression was reduced, while IκBα and IL-10 were upregulated, indicating anti-inflammatory activity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The combined use of betanin and theaflavin enhances in vitro wound healing by promoting angiogenesis and modulating inflammatory responses. This integrative strategy may offer a promising natural therapeutic approach for managing tissue repair in oral and dermal wounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 45-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145527671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative efficacy of autologous platelet-rich fibrin and collagen membrane on clinical outcomes following vestibuloplasty: A randomized controlled trial 自体富血小板纤维蛋白和胶原膜对前庭成形术后临床结果的比较疗效：一项随机对照试验

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.10.021

Udita Sharma , Prajakta Rao , Sneh Agrawal , Ruhi Mohta , Rachel R. Changrani , Ritika Kriplani

Background

Adequate vestibular depth and attached gingiva are essential for successful periodontal and prosthetic rehabilitation. Vestibuloplasty is frequently performed to correct shallow vestibules; however, relapse due to scar formation remains a concern. Autologous platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and collagen membranes are increasingly explored as biological wound dressing materials to improve healing outcomes. This randomized controlled trial compared the clinical efficacy of PRF and collagen membrane following vestibuloplasty.

Materials and methods

Thirty-four systemically healthy patients requiring mandibular anterior vestibuloplasty were randomly allocated into two groups: Group A (PRF, n = 17) and Group B (collagen membrane, n = 17). A standardized surgical protocol and postoperative regimen were followed. Clinical parameters assessed included postoperative pain (Visual Analog Scale), wound healing (Landry Healing Index), vestibular depth (VD), and width of attached gingiva (WAG) at baseline, Day 7, Day 15, 1 month, and 3 months. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann–Whitney U test for intergroup comparisons, and Friedman's test with Wilcoxon signed-rank test for intragroup comparisons. Significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results

PRF significantly reduced postoperative pain at all evaluated time points compared to collagen membrane (p < 0.05). Collagen membrane demonstrated superior wound healing scores on Day 15 and at 3 months (p < 0.05), with comparable outcomes between groups at 1 month. WAG increased significantly in both groups, with no intergroup differences. However, Group B exhibited significantly greater gains in VD at both 1 month (p = 0.002) and 3 months (p = 0.001).

Conclusion

PRF is advantageous in controlling immediate postoperative pain, while collagen membrane provides superior long-term wound healing and vestibular depth augmentation. Both materials are equally effective in maintaining attached gingiva width. The selection of dressing material should be guided by the clinician's primary objective—whether prioritizing postoperative comfort or enhancing regenerative outcomes.

背景：足够的前庭深度和附着的牙龈是成功的牙周修复和修复必不可少的。前庭成形术常用于矫正浅前庭；然而，由于疤痕形成而复发仍然是一个问题。自体富血小板纤维蛋白（PRF）和胶原膜越来越多地被探索作为生物伤口敷料材料，以提高愈合效果。这项随机对照试验比较了前庭成形术后PRF和胶原膜的临床疗效。材料与方法34例全身性健康的下颌前庭成形术患者随机分为两组：A组（PRF, n = 17）和B组（胶原膜，n = 17）。遵循标准化的手术方案和术后治疗方案。临床参数评估包括术后疼痛（视觉模拟量表）、伤口愈合（Landry愈合指数）、前庭深度（VD）和附着龈宽度（WAG）在基线、第7天、第15天、第1个月和第3个月。组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验，组内比较采用Friedman检验，组内比较采用Wilcoxon符号秩检验。p <； 0.05为显著性。结果与胶原膜相比，sprf在所有评估时间点均显著减轻了术后疼痛（p < 0.05）。胶原膜在第15天和第3个月表现出更好的伤口愈合评分（p < 0.05）， 1个月时两组之间的结果具有可比性。两组WAG均显著升高，组间差异无统计学意义。然而，B组在1个月（p = 0.002）和3个月（p = 0.001）时VD均有显著增加。结论prf在控制术后即刻疼痛方面具有优势，而胶原膜在创面长期愈合和前庭深度增加方面具有优势。两种材料在维持附着牙龈宽度方面同样有效。敷料的选择应以临床医生的主要目标为指导-是否优先考虑术后舒适度或提高再生结果。

{"title":"Comparative efficacy of autologous platelet-rich fibrin and collagen membrane on clinical outcomes following vestibuloplasty: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Udita Sharma , Prajakta Rao , Sneh Agrawal , Ruhi Mohta , Rachel R. Changrani , Ritika Kriplani","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.10.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.10.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Adequate vestibular depth and attached gingiva are essential for successful periodontal and prosthetic rehabilitation. Vestibuloplasty is frequently performed to correct shallow vestibules; however, relapse due to scar formation remains a concern. Autologous platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and collagen membranes are increasingly explored as biological wound dressing materials to improve healing outcomes. This randomized controlled trial compared the clinical efficacy of PRF and collagen membrane following vestibuloplasty.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Thirty-four systemically healthy patients requiring mandibular anterior vestibuloplasty were randomly allocated into two groups: Group A (PRF, n = 17) and Group B (collagen membrane, n = 17). A standardized surgical protocol and postoperative regimen were followed. Clinical parameters assessed included postoperative pain (Visual Analog Scale), wound healing (Landry Healing Index), vestibular depth (VD), and width of attached gingiva (WAG) at baseline, Day 7, Day 15, 1 month, and 3 months. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann–Whitney <em>U</em> test for intergroup comparisons, and Friedman's test with Wilcoxon signed-rank test for intragroup comparisons. Significance was set at p < 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PRF significantly reduced postoperative pain at all evaluated time points compared to collagen membrane (p < 0.05). Collagen membrane demonstrated superior wound healing scores on Day 15 and at 3 months (p < 0.05), with comparable outcomes between groups at 1 month. WAG increased significantly in both groups, with no intergroup differences. However, Group B exhibited significantly greater gains in VD at both 1 month (p = 0.002) and 3 months (p = 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PRF is advantageous in controlling immediate postoperative pain, while collagen membrane provides superior long-term wound healing and vestibular depth augmentation. Both materials are equally effective in maintaining attached gingiva width. The selection of dressing material should be guided by the clinician's primary objective—whether prioritizing postoperative comfort or enhancing regenerative outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 59-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145527674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Qualitative research in oral health in India: A bibliometric analysis 印度口腔健康的定性研究：文献计量学分析

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.11.001

Abhishek Mehta , Barsha Priya Deka , Manu Raj Mathur

Background

A qualitative research approach is necessary to understand the complexities of social, behavioral, and systemic factors influencing oral health. Despite having a large dental education infrastructure and workforce, a limited number of studies have been published by Indian dental researchers utilizing a qualitative methodology.

Objective

Map the existing literature to understand the current landscape of qualitative research in oral health in India.

Method

A comprehensive search of prominent databases, along with handsearching, was conducted to shortlist studies based on a predefined criterion. Eligible studies underwent thematic categorization and bibliometric assessment. Keyword co-occurrence and network analysis were performed using VOSviewer software to identify conceptual linkages and emerging research themes.

Results

Sixty-four studies met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 56 % were pure qualitative and 43 % were mixed-methods studies, with most published in the last five years. Key focus areas include tobacco cessation, pediatric oral health, and barriers to accessing dental services. Methodologically, the studies relied heavily on interviews and focus group discussions, with limited theoretical integration. Thematic clusters showed dominance of behavior-focused research and regional disparities in study distribution.

Conclusion

This is the first review to comprehensively chart the evolution of qualitative research in oral health in India. While momentum is growing, significant gaps remain in methodological depth and thematic diversity. Strengthening training, institutional support, and theoretical engagement is essential for advancing qualitative dental research in India.

为了了解影响口腔健康的社会、行为和系统因素的复杂性，定性研究方法是必要的。尽管拥有庞大的牙科教育基础设施和劳动力，印度牙科研究人员利用定性方法发表的研究数量有限。目的绘制现有文献，了解印度口腔健康定性研究的现状。方法根据预先确定的标准，对知名数据库进行全面检索，并进行手工检索，以获得候选研究名单。对符合条件的研究进行专题分类和文献计量学评估。使用VOSviewer软件进行关键词共现和网络分析，以识别概念联系和新兴研究主题。结果64项研究符合纳入标准。其中，56%是纯定性研究，43%是混合方法研究，其中大多数是在最近五年内发表的。重点领域包括戒烟、儿童口腔健康和获得牙科服务的障碍。在方法上，这些研究严重依赖于访谈和焦点小组讨论，理论整合有限。主题聚类显示以行为为中心的研究占主导地位，研究分布存在区域差异。结论本文首次全面回顾了印度口腔健康定性研究的发展历程。虽然势头不断增强，但在方法深度和专题多样性方面仍存在重大差距。加强培训、机构支持和理论参与对于促进印度的定性牙科研究至关重要。

{"title":"Qualitative research in oral health in India: A bibliometric analysis","authors":"Abhishek Mehta , Barsha Priya Deka , Manu Raj Mathur","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>A qualitative research approach is necessary to understand the complexities of social, behavioral, and systemic factors influencing oral health. Despite having a large dental education infrastructure and workforce, a limited number of studies have been published by Indian dental researchers utilizing a qualitative methodology.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Map the existing literature to understand the current landscape of qualitative research in oral health in India.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A comprehensive search of prominent databases, along with handsearching, was conducted to shortlist studies based on a predefined criterion. Eligible studies underwent thematic categorization and bibliometric assessment. Keyword co-occurrence and network analysis were performed using VOSviewer software to identify conceptual linkages and emerging research themes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sixty-four studies met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 56 % were pure qualitative and 43 % were mixed-methods studies, with most published in the last five years. Key focus areas include tobacco cessation, pediatric oral health, and barriers to accessing dental services. Methodologically, the studies relied heavily on interviews and focus group discussions, with limited theoretical integration. Thematic clusters showed dominance of behavior-focused research and regional disparities in study distribution.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This is the first review to comprehensively chart the evolution of qualitative research in oral health in India. While momentum is growing, significant gaps remain in methodological depth and thematic diversity. Strengthening training, institutional support, and theoretical engagement is essential for advancing qualitative dental research in India.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 23-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145527727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis of pemphigus and pemphigoid groups of disorders based on clinical images: A systematic review and meta-analysis 基于临床图像的人工智能诊断天疱疮和类天疱疮组疾病的准确性：系统回顾和荟萃分析

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2025-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.10.023

Pravallika Kakada, Monal Yuwanati, Pratibha Ramani

Background

Pemphigus and pemphigoid disease pose diagnostic challenges to pathologists and clinician due to overlapping clinical and histopathological features. The systematic review evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence (AI) in identifying pemphigus and pemphigoid disorders based on clinical images, compared to conventional diagnostic techniques.

Methods

A search was carried out in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases since inception using search strategy comprising of "Artificial Intelligence", "Pemphigus", "Pemphigoid", "Diagnosis", "sensitivity", "specificity", and "accuracy". Studies examined AI models’ accuracy for diagnosing pemphigus and pemphigoid were included in the review. A meta-analysis was conducted using Meta-Disc software, with pooled sensitivity, specificity, and summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve analysis.

Results

Out of 4094 search results, five studies met the eligibility criteria after screening and selection steps. The pooled diagnostic accuracy of AI-based systems was 0.83 (CI 0.73–0.90) with a of 0.86 % (CI: 0.76–0.91) pooled sensitivity and 0.84 % (CI: 0.79–0.87) pooled specificity, reflecting its moderate effectiveness in ruling out pemphigus and pemphigoid disorders. Further, the positive likelihood ratio (PLR) was 5.34 (95 % CI: 4.05–7.05), and the negative likelihood ratio (NLR) was 0.16 (95 % CI: 0.09–0.28), with a DOR of 32.53 (95 % CI: 14.70–71.94) indicates moderate to strong accuracy.

Conclusion

AI have moderate diagnostic efficacy in diagnosis of pemphigus and pemphigoid diseases. However, additional research is needed to develop standardized methodologies and ensure generalizability across different populations before integrating into clinical practice.

天疱疮和类天疱疮疾病由于重叠的临床和组织病理学特征给病理学家和临床医生提出了诊断挑战。与传统诊断技术相比，系统评价了人工智能（AI）在基于临床图像识别天疱疮和类天疱疮疾病方面的诊断准确性。方法采用人工智能（Artificial Intelligence）、天疱疮（Pemphigus）、类天疱疮（Pemphigoid）、诊断（Diagnosis）、敏感性（sensitivity）、特异性（specificity）、准确性（accuracy）等检索策略，对PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science数据库进行检索。研究人工智能模型诊断天疱疮和类天疱疮的准确性被纳入综述。采用Meta-Disc软件进行meta分析，合并敏感性、特异性和总受试者工作特征（SROC）曲线分析。结果在4094个检索结果中，经过筛选和选择步骤，有5个研究符合资格标准。人工智能系统的综合诊断准确率为0.83 (CI 0.73-0.90)，综合敏感性为0.86% (CI: 0.76-0.91)，综合特异性为0.84% (CI: 0.79-0.87)，反映了其在排除天疱疮和类天疱疮疾病方面的中等有效性。此外，阳性似然比（PLR）为5.34 (95% CI: 4.05-7.05)，阴性似然比（NLR）为0.16 (95% CI: 0.09-0.28)， DOR为32.53 (95% CI: 14.70-71.94)，表明准确度中等至高。结论人工智能对天疱疮及类天疱疮疾病的诊断有中等疗效。然而，在纳入临床实践之前，需要进一步的研究来开发标准化的方法并确保在不同人群中的普遍性。

{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis of pemphigus and pemphigoid groups of disorders based on clinical images: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Pravallika Kakada, Monal Yuwanati, Pratibha Ramani","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.10.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.10.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Pemphigus and pemphigoid disease pose diagnostic challenges to pathologists and clinician due to overlapping clinical and histopathological features. The systematic review evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence (AI) in identifying pemphigus and pemphigoid disorders based on clinical images, compared to conventional diagnostic techniques.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A search was carried out in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases since inception using search strategy comprising of \"Artificial Intelligence\", \"Pemphigus\", \"Pemphigoid\", \"Diagnosis\", \"sensitivity\", \"specificity\", and \"accuracy\". Studies examined AI models’ accuracy for diagnosing pemphigus and pemphigoid were included in the review. A meta-analysis was conducted using Meta-Disc software, with pooled sensitivity, specificity, and summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Out of 4094 search results, five studies met the eligibility criteria after screening and selection steps. The pooled diagnostic accuracy of AI-based systems was 0.83 (CI 0.73–0.90) with a of 0.86 % (CI: 0.76–0.91) pooled sensitivity and 0.84 % (CI: 0.79–0.87) pooled specificity, reflecting its moderate effectiveness in ruling out pemphigus and pemphigoid disorders. Further, the positive likelihood ratio (PLR) was 5.34 (95 % CI: 4.05–7.05), and the negative likelihood ratio (NLR) was 0.16 (95 % CI: 0.09–0.28), with a DOR of 32.53 (95 % CI: 14.70–71.94) indicates moderate to strong accuracy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>AI have moderate diagnostic efficacy in diagnosis of pemphigus and pemphigoid diseases. However, additional research is needed to develop standardized methodologies and ensure generalizability across different populations before integrating into clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 15-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145468424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of dentinal tubule occlusion by Fluoridated and Non-fluoridated Bioactive Glass and Propolis desensitizers by scanning electron microscopy 扫描电镜评价含氟和非含氟生物活性玻璃和蜂胶脱敏剂对牙本质小管闭塞的影响

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.10.028

Athira Murali, Sapna Chandira Muddappa, Prabath Singh V P, Rakesh R. Rajan, Remya M, Gayathri Presannakumar

Objective

Dentin hypersensitivity is a worldwide epidemiological dental health issue, bioactive toothpaste has been demonstarted in alleviating dentin hypersensitivity along with propolis. Hence their comparison as desensitizing agents in dentinal tubule occlusion is carried out in this research. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Fluoridated Bioactive Glass dentifrice, Non-fluoridated Bioactive Glass dentifrice, and Propolis containing dentifrice in dentinal tubule occlusion using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and its resistance to acid.

Materials and methods

This is an In vitro study design with permanent maxillary and mandibular premolars, which were divided into four groups. Group 1 – Fluoridated bioactive glass (FBaG) Toothpaste; Group 2 – Bioactive glass (BaG) Toothpaste; Group 3 – Propolis Toothpaste; Group 4 – Saline. Dentin discs were obtained from the samples. 37 % phosphoric acid was used to etch and expose the dentinal tubules. Rubber cup was used to apply the desensitizing agent. Samples were then subjected to 6 % citric acid. The degree of occlusion was evaluated using SEM after application of desensitizing agent and after application of citric acid.

Results

Statistical analysis was calculated and results obtained showed that specimens treated with FBaG and BaG showed highest degree of tubule occlusion with a mean value of (2.33) followed by Propolis with mean values of (3.00) and least number of occluded tubules after application of desensitizing agent. Propolis showed highest degree of occlusion with a mean value of (2.33) followed by FBaG (2.66) and BaG (3.00) after application of citric acid.

Conclusion

Study concluded that FBaG and BaG-containing dentifrice showed a significant degree of dentinal tubule occlusion. Propolis demonstrated better resistance to acid attack.

目的牙本质过敏是一种世界性的流行病学口腔健康问题，生物活性牙膏与蜂胶在缓解牙本质过敏方面已得到证实。因此，本研究将它们作为牙本质小管闭塞的脱敏剂进行比较。本研究旨在通过扫描电镜（SEM）评价含氟生物活性玻璃牙膏、非含氟生物活性玻璃牙膏和含蜂胶牙膏在牙本质小管闭塞中的疗效及其耐酸性。材料与方法本研究采用上颌恒磨牙和下颌恒磨牙进行体外实验设计，将恒磨牙分为4组。第一组-含氟生物活性玻璃（FBaG）牙膏；第二组-生物活性玻璃（袋）牙膏；第三组-蜂胶牙膏；第4组：生理盐水。从样本中获得牙本质盘。37%磷酸用于牙本质小管的蚀刻和暴露。采用橡胶杯装脱敏剂。然后将样品置于6%柠檬酸中。应用脱敏剂和应用柠檬酸后，用扫描电镜评价闭塞程度。结果进行统计分析，结果显示FBaG和BaG处理的标本小管闭塞程度最高，平均值为（2.33），蜂胶次之，平均值为（3.00），使用脱敏剂后小管闭塞数量最少。蜂胶封堵程度最高，平均值为2.33，其次为FBaG(2.66)，柠檬酸封堵后为BaG（3.00）。结论FBaG及含bag牙体均存在明显程度的牙本质小管闭塞。蜂胶具有较好的抗酸性能。

{"title":"Evaluation of dentinal tubule occlusion by Fluoridated and Non-fluoridated Bioactive Glass and Propolis desensitizers by scanning electron microscopy","authors":"Athira Murali, Sapna Chandira Muddappa, Prabath Singh V P, Rakesh R. Rajan, Remya M, Gayathri Presannakumar","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.10.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.10.028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Dentin hypersensitivity is a worldwide epidemiological dental health issue, bioactive toothpaste has been demonstarted in alleviating dentin hypersensitivity along with propolis. Hence their comparison as desensitizing agents in dentinal tubule occlusion is carried out in this research. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Fluoridated Bioactive Glass dentifrice, Non-fluoridated Bioactive Glass dentifrice, and Propolis containing dentifrice in dentinal tubule occlusion using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and its resistance to acid.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This is an In vitro study design with permanent maxillary and mandibular premolars, which were divided into four groups. Group 1 – Fluoridated bioactive glass (FBaG) Toothpaste; Group 2 – Bioactive glass (BaG) Toothpaste; Group 3 – Propolis Toothpaste; Group 4 – Saline. Dentin discs were obtained from the samples. 37 % phosphoric acid was used to etch and expose the dentinal tubules. Rubber cup was used to apply the desensitizing agent. Samples were then subjected to 6 % citric acid. The degree of occlusion was evaluated using SEM after application of desensitizing agent and after application of citric acid.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Statistical analysis was calculated and results obtained showed that specimens treated with FBaG and BaG showed highest degree of tubule occlusion with a mean value of (2.33) followed by Propolis with mean values of (3.00) and least number of occluded tubules after application of desensitizing agent. Propolis showed highest degree of occlusion with a mean value of (2.33) followed by FBaG (2.66) and BaG (3.00) after application of citric acid.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Study concluded that FBaG and BaG-containing dentifrice showed a significant degree of dentinal tubule occlusion. Propolis demonstrated better resistance to acid attack.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 8-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145468423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diagnostic efficiency of digital photography and AI-assisted image interpretation in dental caries examination: An umbrella review 数字摄影和人工智能辅助图像解释在龋齿检查中的诊断效率：综述

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.10.027

P.D. Madan Kumar , Sasidharan Sivakumar , S. Rajeshwari , Lavanya C , K. Ranganathan

Background

Dental caries, a prevalent oral health issue impacting all demographics globally, necessitates precise detection and evaluation for effective intervention and preventive strategies. Advances in scientific research and technology have facilitated the development of innovative applications that utilize Artificial Intelligence (AI) within the medical sciences. AI offers promising improvements in risk assessment and caries prediction. A comprehensive body of evidence assessing the diagnostic accuracy of AI for identifying Dental caries via digital intraoral photographs remains insufficient.

Aim and objectives

Thus, the aim is to consolidate evidence regarding the efficacy of photographic examination and subsequent image analysis, demonstrating that these methods offer comparable accuracy to traditional visual inspection in the diagnosis of Dental caries.

Methodology

Eight systematic reviews were obtained from Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, and EMBASE up to June 2024. These articles were screened at the title, abstract, and full-text levels, with the risk of bias evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) assessment tool.

Results

AI-based dental caries detection from intraoral photographs showed sensitivities ranging from 67 % to 96 % and specificities from 75 % to 99.2 % with AUC values reported between 0.74 and 0.987 across modalities. The overall risk of bias was minimal.

Conclusion

Therefore, AI-assisted interpretation of digital photography can significantly aid in the early identification of Dental caries, thereby enhancing patient outcomes.

龋齿是影响全球所有人口的普遍口腔健康问题，需要对其进行精确检测和评估，以制定有效的干预和预防策略。科学研究和技术的进步促进了在医学科学中利用人工智能的创新应用的发展。人工智能在风险评估和龋齿预测方面提供了有希望的改进。评估人工智能通过数字口内照片识别龋齿的诊断准确性的综合证据仍然不足。因此，目的是巩固关于摄影检查和随后的图像分析的有效性的证据，证明这些方法在诊断龋齿方面提供与传统视觉检查相当的准确性。方法截至2024年6月，从Medline、Web of Science、Scopus和EMBASE获取8篇系统评价。这些文章在标题、摘要和全文层面进行筛选，并使用乔安娜布里格斯研究所（JBI）的评估工具评估偏倚风险。结果基于人工智能的口腔内照片龋齿检测灵敏度为67% ~ 96%，特异性为75% ~ 99.2%，各种模式下的AUC值在0.74 ~ 0.987之间。总体偏倚风险最小。因此，人工智能辅助解读数码照片可以显著帮助早期识别龋齿，从而提高患者的治疗效果。

{"title":"Diagnostic efficiency of digital photography and AI-assisted image interpretation in dental caries examination: An umbrella review","authors":"P.D. Madan Kumar , Sasidharan Sivakumar , S. Rajeshwari , Lavanya C , K. Ranganathan","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.10.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.10.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Dental caries, a prevalent oral health issue impacting all demographics globally, necessitates precise detection and evaluation for effective intervention and preventive strategies. Advances in scientific research and technology have facilitated the development of innovative applications that utilize Artificial Intelligence (AI) within the medical sciences. AI offers promising improvements in risk assessment and caries prediction. A comprehensive body of evidence assessing the diagnostic accuracy of AI for identifying Dental caries via digital intraoral photographs remains insufficient.</div></div><div><h3>Aim and objectives</h3><div>Thus, the aim is to consolidate evidence regarding the efficacy of photographic examination and subsequent image analysis, demonstrating that these methods offer comparable accuracy to traditional visual inspection in the diagnosis of Dental caries.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>Eight systematic reviews were obtained from Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, and EMBASE up to June 2024. These articles were screened at the title, abstract, and full-text levels, with the risk of bias evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) assessment tool.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>AI-based dental caries detection from intraoral photographs showed sensitivities ranging from 67 % to 96 % and specificities from 75 % to 99.2 % with AUC values reported between 0.74 and 0.987 across modalities. The overall risk of bias was minimal.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Therefore, AI-assisted interpretation of digital photography can significantly aid in the early identification of Dental caries, thereby enhancing patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145448881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Whitlockite as a next-generation biomaterial for bone regeneration: A systematic review of In Vivo evidence for bone regeneration. Whitlockite作为下一代骨再生生物材料：骨再生体内证据的系统回顾。

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.08.002

Sinduja Palati, Dhanraj Ganapathy, Saravanan Sekaran

Background: Whitlockite (WH), a magnesium-enriched calcium phosphate mineral, is emerging as a promising biomaterial in bone tissue engineering due to its chemical similarity to natural bone and dual role in promoting osteogenesis and regulating bone resorption. Compared to conventional materials like hydroxyapatite (HA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), WH offers higher solubility, superior ion release (notably Mg²⁺), and enhanced bioactivity.

Objective: This systematic review evaluates the in vivo efficacy of WH-based biomaterials in bone regeneration. Key outcomes include bone volume fraction (BV/TV), bone mineral density (BMD), osteogenic marker expression, and histological bone quality.

Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central was conducted up to March 2025. Eligible studies assessed WH-based materials in animal bone defect models with quantifiable regenerative outcomes. Two reviewers independently performed data extraction and quality assessment using the SYRCLE Risk of Bias tool. Meta-analysis was not feasible due to significant heterogeneity across models, scaffold types, and endpoints.

Results: Seventeen animal studies (rats, mice, rabbits) met inclusion criteria. WH was used in forms such as nanoparticles, granules, and scaffolds with polymers like chitosan and gelatin. WH consistently outperformed HA and β-TCP with up to a 2-6 % increase in BV/TV, BMD, and histological bone formation. Upregulation of ALP, OCN, RUNX2, and COL1 was observed. Doped WH variants and composites enhanced osteoinductive and angiogenic responses. No adverse effects were reported.

Conclusion: WH demonstrates superior osteogenic and biocompatible properties over traditional calcium phosphates. Future standardized, long-term studies are needed to support clinical translation for orthopedic and dental bone regeneration.

背景：惠特洛克石（Whitlockite， WH）是一种富镁磷酸钙矿物，具有与天然骨相似的化学性质和促进骨生成和调节骨吸收的双重作用，是一种很有前途的骨组织工程生物材料。与羟基磷灰石（HA）和β-磷酸三钙（β-TCP）等传统材料相比，WH具有更高的溶解度，更好的离子释放（特别是Mg2+）和增强的生物活性。目的：系统评价骨再生生物材料在体内的应用效果。主要结果包括骨体积分数（BV/TV）、骨矿物质密度（BMD）、成骨标志物表达和组织学骨质量。方法：综合检索PubMed、Web of Science、谷歌Scholar和Cochrane Central，检索截止至2025年3月。符合条件的研究评估了wh基材料在动物骨缺损模型中的可量化再生结果。两名审稿人使用sycle偏倚风险工具独立进行数据提取和质量评估。由于模型、支架类型和终点的显著异质性，meta分析是不可行的。结果：17项动物研究（大鼠、小鼠、家兔）符合纳入标准。WH以纳米颗粒、颗粒和壳聚糖和明胶等聚合物的支架等形式使用。WH持续优于HA和β-TCP，在BV/TV、骨密度和组织学骨形成方面增加了2- 6%。ALP、OCN、RUNX2、COL1表达上调。掺杂WH变体和复合材料增强了骨诱导和血管生成反应。无不良反应报告。结论：水灵比传统的磷酸钙具有更好的成骨和生物相容性。未来需要标准化的长期研究来支持骨科和牙科骨再生的临床转化。

{"title":"Whitlockite as a next-generation biomaterial for bone regeneration: A systematic review of <i>In Vivo</i> evidence for bone regeneration.","authors":"Sinduja Palati, Dhanraj Ganapathy, Saravanan Sekaran","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Whitlockite (WH), a magnesium-enriched calcium phosphate mineral, is emerging as a promising biomaterial in bone tissue engineering due to its chemical similarity to natural bone and dual role in promoting osteogenesis and regulating bone resorption. Compared to conventional materials like hydroxyapatite (HA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), WH offers higher solubility, superior ion release (notably Mg<sup>2+</sup>), and enhanced bioactivity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review evaluates the in vivo efficacy of WH-based biomaterials in bone regeneration. Key outcomes include bone volume fraction (BV/TV), bone mineral density (BMD), osteogenic marker expression, and histological bone quality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central was conducted up to March 2025. Eligible studies assessed WH-based materials in animal bone defect models with quantifiable regenerative outcomes. Two reviewers independently performed data extraction and quality assessment using the SYRCLE Risk of Bias tool. Meta-analysis was not feasible due to significant heterogeneity across models, scaffold types, and endpoints.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventeen animal studies (rats, mice, rabbits) met inclusion criteria. WH was used in forms such as nanoparticles, granules, and scaffolds with polymers like chitosan and gelatin. WH consistently outperformed HA and β-TCP with up to a 2-6 % increase in BV/TV, BMD, and histological bone formation. Upregulation of ALP, OCN, RUNX2, and COL1 was observed. Doped WH variants and composites enhanced osteoinductive and angiogenic responses. No adverse effects were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>WH demonstrates superior osteogenic and biocompatible properties over traditional calcium phosphates. Future standardized, long-term studies are needed to support clinical translation for orthopedic and dental bone regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 6","pages":"1176-1182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12355052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144873644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dual-action platelet-rich fibrin in periodontal therapy: Assessing the efficacy of injectable versus metronidazole-enhanced platelet-rich fibrin in non-surgical periodontal treatment - A clinical study. 双重作用富血小板纤维蛋白在牙周治疗：评估注射与甲硝唑增强富血小板纤维蛋白在非手术牙周治疗中的疗效-一项临床研究。

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.07.028

Devadharshini Chandrasekar, Burnice Nalina Kumari Chellathurai, Jaideep Mahendra, Vijayalakshmi Rajaram

Background: Adjunctive therapies play a crucial role in enhancing the efficacy of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) by addressing the multifactorial nature of periodontal disease. Injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) and metronidazole-infused PRF gel have emerged as potential biomaterials that promote periodontal regeneration and antibacterial effects, respectively.

Objective: To evaluate and compare the clinical efficacy of i-PRF and metronidazole-infused PRF gel as adjuncts to NSPT in patients with periodontitis.

Method: ology: A randomized controlled trial was conducted on 20 periodontal sites in patients with Stage II-III periodontitis. Sites were divided into two groups (n = 10 each), receiving either i-PRF or metronidazole-infused PRF gel following NSPT. Clinical parameters, including Oral Hygiene Index (OHI), Gingival Index (GI), Bleeding on Probing (BOP), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL), were assessed at baseline, 4 weeks, and 3 months. Statistical analyses included the Mann-Whitney U test for intergroup comparisons and the Friedman test for intragroup comparisons.

Results: Both groups showed significant improvement in PPD and CAL over the study period (p < 0.001). The metronidazole-infused PRF gel group demonstrated a more pronounced reduction in GI and BOP compared to the i-PRF group (p = 0.01 and p = 0.66, respectively). Improvements in OHI were observed in both groups but were not statistically significant.

Conclusion: The study highlights the potential of metronidazole-infused PRF gel as a superior adjunct to NSPT due to its enhanced antimicrobial effects and periodontal tissue healing properties. Personalized therapeutic strategies incorporating bioactive materials can optimize periodontal treatment outcomes.

背景：通过解决牙周病的多因素特性，辅助治疗在提高非手术牙周治疗（NSPT）的疗效方面起着至关重要的作用。可注射的富血小板纤维蛋白（i-PRF）和注入甲硝唑的PRF凝胶已分别成为促进牙周再生和抗菌作用的潜在生物材料。目的：评价并比较i-PRF与甲硝唑灌注PRF凝胶联合NSPT治疗牙周炎的临床疗效。方法：对ⅱ~ⅲ期牙周炎患者20个牙周部位进行随机对照试验。试验点分为两组（每组10个），分别在NSPT后接受i-PRF或注射甲硝唑PRF凝胶。临床参数包括口腔卫生指数（OHI）、牙龈指数（GI）、探诊出血（BOP）、探诊袋深度（PPD）和临床依恋水平（CAL），分别在基线、4周和3个月进行评估。统计分析包括组间比较的Mann-Whitney U检验和组内比较的Friedman检验。结果：在研究期间，两组患者的PPD和CAL均有显著改善(p结论：该研究强调了甲硝唑注入PRF凝胶作为NSPT的优越辅助物的潜力，因为它具有增强的抗菌作用和牙周组织愈合性能。结合生物活性材料的个性化治疗策略可以优化牙周治疗效果。

{"title":"Dual-action platelet-rich fibrin in periodontal therapy: Assessing the efficacy of injectable versus metronidazole-enhanced platelet-rich fibrin in non-surgical periodontal treatment - A clinical study.","authors":"Devadharshini Chandrasekar, Burnice Nalina Kumari Chellathurai, Jaideep Mahendra, Vijayalakshmi Rajaram","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.07.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.07.028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adjunctive therapies play a crucial role in enhancing the efficacy of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) by addressing the multifactorial nature of periodontal disease. Injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) and metronidazole-infused PRF gel have emerged as potential biomaterials that promote periodontal regeneration and antibacterial effects, respectively.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate and compare the clinical efficacy of i-PRF and metronidazole-infused PRF gel as adjuncts to NSPT in patients with periodontitis.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>ology: A randomized controlled trial was conducted on 20 periodontal sites in patients with Stage II-III periodontitis. Sites were divided into two groups (n = 10 each), receiving either i-PRF or metronidazole-infused PRF gel following NSPT. Clinical parameters, including Oral Hygiene Index (OHI), Gingival Index (GI), Bleeding on Probing (BOP), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL), were assessed at baseline, 4 weeks, and 3 months. Statistical analyses included the Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> test for intergroup comparisons and the Friedman test for intragroup comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups showed significant improvement in PPD and CAL over the study period (p < 0.001). The metronidazole-infused PRF gel group demonstrated a more pronounced reduction in GI and BOP compared to the i-PRF group (p = 0.01 and p = 0.66, respectively). Improvements in OHI were observed in both groups but were not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights the potential of metronidazole-infused PRF gel as a superior adjunct to NSPT due to its enhanced antimicrobial effects and periodontal tissue healing properties. Personalized therapeutic strategies incorporating bioactive materials can optimize periodontal treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 6","pages":"1183-1189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12355070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144873668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development and validation of an AI-based application for early detection and risk stratification of oral potentially malignant disorders 开发和验证基于人工智能的口腔潜在恶性疾病的早期检测和风险分层应用

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.10.017

Akash Gajanan Prabhune , Vinay R. Srihari , Shreya Shree , Manish Katiyar , Vipin Thampi

Background

Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMDs) are early indicators of oral cancer, and timely detection is essential for improving patient outcomes. However, diagnosis often relies on expert clinical evaluation, which may not be available in low-resource settings.

Objective

This study presents the development and validation of PRAYAAS, an AI-based mobile application for early detection and risk stratification of OPMDs using intraoral images.

Methods

A total of 794 intraoral images were classified into three categories: (1) Normal mucosa/inflammatory conditions, (2) Premalignant conditions, and (3) Oral carcinoma. Images were split into training (70 %), validation (18 %), and test (12 %) datasets while maintaining class balance. Preprocessing involved resizing to 224 × 224 pixels, contrast enhancement, and normalization. A U-Net-based model segmented lesion regions, followed by classification using a fine-tuned DenseNet201 model. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and confusion matrices.

Results

The DenseNet201 classifier achieved 94 % accuracy on the test set. For normal/inflammatory lesions, precision and recall were 1.00. For premalignant lesions, precision was 0.87 and recall was 1.00. For carcinoma, precision was 1.00 and recall was 0.80. The integrated segmentation module improved lesion focus and reduced background noise. The app provides class-wise risk scores and a user-friendly interface for clinical support.

Conclusion

PRAYAAS offers a robust, mobile-enabled solution for early OPMD screening. By integrating segmentation and classification into a single platform, the tool holds promise for enhancing community-based oral cancer detection and referral.

背景：口腔潜在恶性疾病（OPMDs）是口腔癌的早期指标，及时发现对于改善患者预后至关重要。然而，诊断往往依赖于专家的临床评估，这在资源匮乏的环境中可能无法获得。目的开发并验证基于人工智能的移动应用程序PRAYAAS，通过口腔内图像进行opmd的早期检测和风险分层。方法将794张口腔内图像分为3类：(1)粘膜/炎症正常；(2)癌前病变；(3)口腔癌。图像被分成训练（70%）、验证（18%）和测试（12%）数据集，同时保持类平衡。预处理包括调整大小为224 × 224像素，对比度增强和规范化。基于u - net的模型对病变区域进行分割，然后使用微调的DenseNet201模型进行分类。使用准确性、精密度、召回率、f1分数和混淆矩阵来评估模型的性能。结果DenseNet201分类器在测试集上的准确率达到94%。对于正常/炎性病变，准确率和召回率为1.00。对于癌前病变，准确率为0.87，召回率为1.00。对于癌，准确率为1.00，召回率为0.80。集成的分割模块提高了病灶聚焦，降低了背景噪声。该应用程序提供分类风险评分和临床支持的用户友好界面。结论：prayaas为早期OPMD筛查提供了一个强大的、可移动的解决方案。通过将分割和分类整合到单一平台中，该工具有望加强社区口腔癌的检测和转诊。

{"title":"Development and validation of an AI-based application for early detection and risk stratification of oral potentially malignant disorders","authors":"Akash Gajanan Prabhune , Vinay R. Srihari , Shreya Shree , Manish Katiyar , Vipin Thampi","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.10.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.10.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMDs) are early indicators of oral cancer, and timely detection is essential for improving patient outcomes. However, diagnosis often relies on expert clinical evaluation, which may not be available in low-resource settings.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study presents the development and validation of PRAYAAS, an AI-based mobile application for early detection and risk stratification of OPMDs using intraoral images.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 794 intraoral images were classified into three categories: (1) Normal mucosa/inflammatory conditions, (2) Premalignant conditions, and (3) Oral carcinoma. Images were split into training (70 %), validation (18 %), and test (12 %) datasets while maintaining class balance. Preprocessing involved resizing to 224 × 224 pixels, contrast enhancement, and normalization. A U-Net-based model segmented lesion regions, followed by classification using a fine-tuned DenseNet201 model. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and confusion matrices.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The DenseNet201 classifier achieved 94 % accuracy on the test set. For normal/inflammatory lesions, precision and recall were 1.00. For premalignant lesions, precision was 0.87 and recall was 1.00. For carcinoma, precision was 1.00 and recall was 0.80. The integrated segmentation module improved lesion focus and reduced background noise. The app provides class-wise risk scores and a user-friendly interface for clinical support.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PRAYAAS offers a robust, mobile-enabled solution for early OPMD screening. By integrating segmentation and classification into a single platform, the tool holds promise for enhancing community-based oral cancer detection and referral.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 6","pages":"Pages 1806-1812"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145415859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Evaluation of sealant retention and caries prevention of 2 % chitosan-based pit and fissure sealants in permanent 1st molars – A randomised trial” [J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 15 (2025) 1490–1496] “评估2%壳聚糖基牙窝和牙缝密封剂在第一恒磨牙中的固位和龋预防作用——一项随机试验”[J]口腔生物与颅面杂志，15(2025):1490-1496。

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.09.012

Naina Kumar, Kavita Rai, Krithika Shetty, Manju Raman Nair

引用次数: 0