Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research最新文献_第3页

Association of NLRP3 (rs4612666) polymorphism in gingival crevicular fluid with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and asymptomatic apical periodontitis 龈沟液NLRP3 （rs4612666）多态性与症状性不可逆牙髓炎和无症状根尖牙周炎的关系

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101413

Saumya Verma , Dax Abraham , Vineeta Sharma , Anjana Goyal , Alpa Gupta , Sucheta Jala , Gurjot Singh , Rajeev Kumar Malhotra

Objectives

This study investigated the association between the NLRP3 rs4612666 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and the clinical presentation of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP) and asymptomatic apical periodontitis (AAP) using gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples from a North Indian population.

Methods

In this observational case-control study, 48 participants were divided into three groups (n = 16 each): SIP, AAP, and healthy controls. GCF samples were collected for DNA extraction, followed by genotyping of the NLRP3 rs4612666 SNP using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Genotypic and allelic frequencies were compared across groups, and Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was assessed.

Results

The heterozygous TC genotype predominated in both the SIP (62.5 %) and AAP (68.8 %) groups, whereas the control group exclusively exhibited the TT genotype. The CC genotype was absent in all groups. The C allele was more frequent in AAP (43.8 %) than in SIP (18.8 %). Genotypic and allelic distributions differed significantly between the disease groups and controls (p < 0.001). Deviation from HWE in the AAP group (p = 0.0361) suggests potential genetic susceptibility to chronic inflammation.

Conclusion

These findings suggest an association between the C allele of the NLRP3 rs4612666 SNP and increased inflammatory response in endodontic disease. Genetic screening may aid in early risk assessment and support personalized treatment planning.

Clinical relevance

Identifying NLRP3 rs4612666 polymorphism in patients may help predict susceptibility to chronic pulpal and periapical inflammation. This genetic insight can aid in risk-based diagnosis and guide personalized endodontic treatment planning.

目的：本研究利用来自北印度人群的龈沟液（GCF）样本，研究NLRP3 rs4612666单核苷酸多态性（SNP）与症状不可逆牙髓炎（SIP）和无症状根尖牙周炎（AAP）的临床表现之间的关系。方法：在本观察性病例对照研究中，48名参与者分为三组（n = 16）： SIP组、AAP组和健康对照组。收集GCF样品进行DNA提取，采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）对NLRP3 rs4612666 SNP进行基因分型。比较各组间基因型和等位基因频率，评估Hardy-Weinberg平衡（HWE）。结果：SIP组（62.5%）和AAP组（68.8%）均以杂合TC基因型为主，而对照组只表现TT基因型。所有组均无CC基因型。C等位基因在AAP（43.8%）中比在SIP（18.8%）中更常见。基因型和等位基因分布在疾病组和对照组之间存在显著差异(p)。结论：这些发现表明NLRP3 rs4612666 SNP的C等位基因与牙髓疾病炎症反应增加有关。基因筛查可能有助于早期风险评估和支持个性化治疗计划。临床意义：确定患者NLRP3 rs4612666多态性可能有助于预测慢性牙髓和根尖周炎症的易感性。这种遗传洞察力可以帮助基于风险的诊断和指导个性化的牙髓治疗计划。

{"title":"Association of NLRP3 (rs4612666) polymorphism in gingival crevicular fluid with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and asymptomatic apical periodontitis","authors":"Saumya Verma , Dax Abraham , Vineeta Sharma , Anjana Goyal , Alpa Gupta , Sucheta Jala , Gurjot Singh , Rajeev Kumar Malhotra","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study investigated the association between the NLRP3 rs4612666 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and the clinical presentation of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP) and asymptomatic apical periodontitis (AAP) using gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples from a North Indian population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this observational case-control study, 48 participants were divided into three groups (n = 16 each): SIP, AAP, and healthy controls. GCF samples were collected for DNA extraction, followed by genotyping of the NLRP3 rs4612666 SNP using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Genotypic and allelic frequencies were compared across groups, and Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The heterozygous TC genotype predominated in both the SIP (62.5 %) and AAP (68.8 %) groups, whereas the control group exclusively exhibited the TT genotype. The CC genotype was absent in all groups. The C allele was more frequent in AAP (43.8 %) than in SIP (18.8 %). Genotypic and allelic distributions differed significantly between the disease groups and controls (p < 0.001). Deviation from HWE in the AAP group (p = 0.0361) suggests potential genetic susceptibility to chronic inflammation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings suggest an association between the C allele of the NLRP3 rs4612666 SNP and increased inflammatory response in endodontic disease. Genetic screening may aid in early risk assessment and support personalized treatment planning.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div>Identifying NLRP3 rs4612666 polymorphism in patients may help predict susceptibility to chronic pulpal and periapical inflammation. This genetic insight can aid in risk-based diagnosis and guide personalized endodontic treatment planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 101413"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146213396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ovine bone graft enhances osteogenic commitment in human osteoblasts via selective suppression of miR-6797-5p: In silico and in vitro study 羊骨移植物通过选择性抑制miR-6797-5p增强人成骨细胞的成骨承诺：在硅和体外研究。

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101424

Aparna Sethi , Khushali K Shah , Dhanraj Ganapathy , Shahabe Saquib Abullais , Abdulmajeed Almuaddi , Saravanan Sekaran

Background

Xenogeneic grafts are widely employed in oral and maxillofacial rehabilitation, but their biological influence extends beyond osteoconduction. Central to osteoblast differentiation is the transcription factor RUNX2, which is tightly regulated by networks of microRNAs (miRNAs). While the osteogenic effects of bovine and porcine grafts have been well studied, little is known about whether ovine bone grafts can alter RUNX2-related post-transcriptional regulation. This study aimed to investigate whether ovine bone graft–derived soluble factors modulate RUNX2-associated miRNAs and thereby influence osteogenic commitment in human osteoblast-lineage cells.

Methods

Hydroxyapatite was isolated from ovine femoral bone and used to prepare conditioned medium (OBG-CM). Human osteoblastic cells and mesenchymal stem cells were exposed to OBG-CM for 24 h. Candidate RUNX2-targeting miRNAs were first identified in silico using miRDB and STarMir, with overlapping predictions screened by qRT-PCR. Predicted binding was further analysed by TargetScan. Functional assays were carried out by transfecting cells with hsa-miR-6797-5p mimics and inhibitors, followed by assessment of RUNX2 mRNA and protein expression.

Results

Computational analysis highlighted several high-confidence RUNX2-targeting miRNAs, including hsa-miR-6797-5p. Exposure to OBG-CM selectively reduced the expression of hsa-miR-6797-5p, hsa-miR-889-5p and hsa-miR-122-5p, while other candidates showed minimal change. TargetScan identified a conserved 8-mer seed match for hsa-miR-6797-5p within the RUNX2 3′UTR. Transfection with the mimic suppressed RUNX2 expression at both transcript and protein levels, whereas inhibition produced the opposite effect.

Conclusions

Ovine bone graft–derived factors can selectively remodel the miRNA landscape in osteoblast-lineage cells. These insights may guide the development of bioactive grafts optimised for post-transcriptional regulation.

背景：异种移植物广泛应用于口腔颌面康复，但其生物学影响超出了骨传导。成骨细胞分化的核心是转录因子RUNX2，它受到microrna （mirna）网络的严格调控。虽然牛和猪骨移植的成骨作用已经得到了很好的研究，但关于羊骨移植是否可以改变runx2相关的转录后调控却知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨羊骨移植来源的可溶性因子是否调节runx2相关的mirna，从而影响人成骨细胞谱系的成骨承诺。方法：从羊股骨中分离羟基磷灰石，制备条件培养基（OBG-CM）。将人成骨细胞和间充质干细胞暴露于OBG-CM中24小时。首先使用miRDB和STarMir在计算机上鉴定候选runx2靶向mirna，并通过qRT-PCR筛选重叠预测。TargetScan进一步分析了预测的结合。用hsa-miR-6797-5p模拟物和抑制剂转染细胞进行功能检测，然后评估RUNX2 mRNA和蛋白的表达。结果：计算分析突出了几个高置信度的runx2靶向mirna，包括hsa-miR-6797-5p。暴露于OBG-CM有选择性地降低了hsa-miR-6797-5p、hsa-miR-889-5p和hsa-miR-122-5p的表达，而其他候选物的变化很小。TargetScan在RUNX2 3'UTR中鉴定出hsa-miR-6797-5p的保守8-mer种子匹配。转染模拟物抑制RUNX2在转录物和蛋白水平上的表达，而抑制则产生相反的效果。结论：羊骨源性因子可选择性地重塑成骨细胞系的miRNA格局。这些见解可能指导优化后转录调控的生物活性移植物的发展。

{"title":"Ovine bone graft enhances osteogenic commitment in human osteoblasts via selective suppression of miR-6797-5p: In silico and in vitro study","authors":"Aparna Sethi , Khushali K Shah , Dhanraj Ganapathy , Shahabe Saquib Abullais , Abdulmajeed Almuaddi , Saravanan Sekaran","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Xenogeneic grafts are widely employed in oral and maxillofacial rehabilitation, but their biological influence extends beyond osteoconduction. Central to osteoblast differentiation is the transcription factor RUNX2, which is tightly regulated by networks of microRNAs (miRNAs). While the osteogenic effects of bovine and porcine grafts have been well studied, little is known about whether ovine bone grafts can alter RUNX2-related post-transcriptional regulation. This study aimed to investigate whether ovine bone graft–derived soluble factors modulate RUNX2-associated miRNAs and thereby influence osteogenic commitment in human osteoblast-lineage cells.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Hydroxyapatite was isolated from ovine femoral bone and used to prepare conditioned medium (OBG-CM). Human osteoblastic cells and mesenchymal stem cells were exposed to OBG-CM for 24 h. Candidate RUNX2-targeting miRNAs were first identified in silico using miRDB and STarMir, with overlapping predictions screened by qRT-PCR. Predicted binding was further analysed by TargetScan. Functional assays were carried out by transfecting cells with hsa-miR-6797-5p mimics and inhibitors, followed by assessment of RUNX2 mRNA and protein expression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Computational analysis highlighted several high-confidence RUNX2-targeting miRNAs, including hsa-miR-6797-5p. Exposure to OBG-CM selectively reduced the expression of hsa-miR-6797-5p, hsa-miR-889-5p and hsa-miR-122-5p, while other candidates showed minimal change. TargetScan identified a conserved 8-mer seed match for hsa-miR-6797-5p within the RUNX2 3′UTR. Transfection with the mimic suppressed RUNX2 expression at both transcript and protein levels, whereas inhibition produced the opposite effect.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Ovine bone graft–derived factors can selectively remodel the miRNA landscape in osteoblast-lineage cells. These insights may guide the development of bioactive grafts optimised for post-transcriptional regulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 101424"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147326386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of effectiveness of hyaluronic acid and melatonin with guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membrane versus guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membrane alone in the treatment of intra-bony defects in human subjects: A split-mouth randomised controlled clinical trial 透明质酸和褪黑素联合引导组织再生膜（GTR）与单独引导组织再生膜（GTR）治疗人类骨内缺损的疗效比较：一项裂口随机对照临床试验

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.01.001

Subasree Soundarajan, Sankari Malaiappan

Background

Melatonin is one substance that is primarily generated by the pineal gland and numerous other tissues and has vital involvement in many physiological processes, including bone remodeling. Over the last several years, another emerging molecule serving as a potential candidate for periodontal regeneration is the hyaluronic acid (HA), a key extracellular matrix component involved in cell migration. The aim of this study is the additive effect of hyaluronic acid and melatonin with GTR membrane in intrabony defects among patients with chronic periodontitis.

Materials and methods

15 bilateral intra-bony defects were treated either with Hyaluronic acid and melatonin along with GTR membrane (Group I), or GTR membrane alone (Group II). Clinical and radiographic parameters assessed were pocket depth, clinical attachment level, and volume of bone defect at baseline and 6 months after the intervention. The biochemical parameter assessed was Matrix metalloproteinase - 1 (MMP-1) and Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1) at baseline and one month after the intervention.

Results

Both the study groups showed statistically significant differences in all the parameters from baseline to follow-up. However, group 1 (Hyaluronic acid + Melatonin + GTR membrane) showed statistically significant improvement in all the study parameters when compared to group 2 (GTR alone).

Conclusion

It can be concluded that the combination of hyaluronic acid and melatonin was effective in the regeneration of intrabony defects among patients with chronic periodontitis. However, further studies with a longer time period and with additional microbiological assessment would be desirable so as to substantiate the current results.

褪黑素是一种主要由松果体和许多其他组织产生的物质，在许多生理过程中起重要作用，包括骨重塑。在过去的几年里，另一个作为牙周再生的潜在候选分子是透明质酸（HA），它是参与细胞迁移的关键细胞外基质成分。本研究的目的是观察透明质酸和褪黑素与GTR膜对慢性牙周炎患者骨内缺损的加性作用。材料与方法15例双侧骨内缺损采用透明质酸、褪黑素联合GTR膜治疗（I组），GTR膜治疗（II组）。评估的临床和影像学参数包括基线和干预后6个月时的骨袋深度、临床附着水平和骨缺损体积。在基线和干预后1个月评估基质金属蛋白酶-1 （MMP-1）和金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂（TIMP-1）的生化参数。结果两个研究组从基线到随访的所有参数均有统计学差异。然而，与2组（单独使用GTR）相比，1组（透明质酸+褪黑素+ GTR膜）在所有研究参数上均有统计学意义的改善。结论透明质酸联合褪黑素治疗慢性牙周炎骨内缺损有较好的再生效果。然而，为了证实目前的结果，需要进行更长的时间和额外的微生物评估的进一步研究。

{"title":"Comparison of effectiveness of hyaluronic acid and melatonin with guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membrane versus guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membrane alone in the treatment of intra-bony defects in human subjects: A split-mouth randomised controlled clinical trial","authors":"Subasree Soundarajan, Sankari Malaiappan","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Melatonin is one substance that is primarily generated by the pineal gland and numerous other tissues and has vital involvement in many physiological processes, including bone remodeling. Over the last several years, another emerging molecule serving as a potential candidate for periodontal regeneration is the hyaluronic acid (HA), a key extracellular matrix component involved in cell migration. The aim of this study is the additive effect of hyaluronic acid and melatonin with GTR membrane in intrabony defects among patients with chronic periodontitis.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>15 bilateral intra-bony defects were treated either with Hyaluronic acid and melatonin along with GTR membrane (Group I), or GTR membrane alone (Group II). Clinical and radiographic parameters assessed were pocket depth, clinical attachment level, and volume of bone defect at baseline and 6 months after the intervention. The biochemical parameter assessed was Matrix metalloproteinase - 1 (MMP-1) and Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1) at baseline and one month after the intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both the study groups showed statistically significant differences in all the parameters from baseline to follow-up. However, group 1 (Hyaluronic acid + Melatonin + GTR membrane) showed statistically significant improvement in all the study parameters when compared to group 2 (GTR alone).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>It can be concluded that the combination of hyaluronic acid and melatonin was effective in the regeneration of intrabony defects among patients with chronic periodontitis. However, further studies with a longer time period and with additional microbiological assessment would be desirable so as to substantiate the current results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 101397"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145982076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative analysis between resin-based root canal sealer and recent bioceramic-based root canal sealers using MicroCT, film thickness, and solubility 使用MicroCT、膜厚度和溶解度对树脂基根管密封剂和生物陶瓷基根管密封剂进行比较分析

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.01.004

Amira Galal Ismail, Manar M. Galal, Tamer M. Hamdy

Background

This study is aimed at evaluating the sealing quality of the single cone obturation technique with resin-based root canal sealers (ADseal root canal sealers, control group) and the novel hydraulic bioceramic-based sealers (Fill Root ST and AH Plus Bioceramic sealers). The assessment was performed by micro-CT void analysis. In addition, film thickness and solubility of the sealers were also evaluated.

Materials and methods

Voids were evaluated on clear acrylic resin blocks with a standard artificial root canal model using micro-CT. Physical analysis of the sealers assessed film thickness and solubility. Statistical analysis included one-way ANOVA with Tukey's post-hoc test for multiple comparisons and repeated measure ANOVA for related samples.

Results

The AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer exhibited the least canal voids (5.70 %), while the Fill Root ST had intermediate voids, and ADseal had the highest (p < 0.001). The coronal third had the most voids, followed by the middle and apical thirds (p < 0.001). AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer had the thinnest film thickness (19.3 μm), followed by Fill Root ST (42.7 μm), and ADseal (81.7 μm) (p < 0.001). In solubility, ADseal had the lowest (0.9 %), Fill Root ST the highest (2.4 %), and AH Plus Bioceramic intermediate (1.5 %) (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

The bioceramic-based sealers (Fill Root ST and AH Plus Bioceramic) showed superior performance compared to ADseal in terms of void formation and film thickness, with voids most frequent in the coronal third and least in the apical third.

本研究旨在评价树脂根管密封剂（ADseal根管密封剂，对照组）和新型液压生物陶瓷根管密封剂（Fill root ST和AH Plus生物陶瓷根管密封剂）的单锥封闭技术的密封质量。通过微ct空隙分析进行评估。此外，还对密封剂的膜厚和溶解度进行了评价。材料与方法采用micro-CT对透明丙烯酸树脂块与标准人工根管模型的空隙进行评价。封口剂的物理分析评估了薄膜厚度和溶解度。统计分析包括单因素方差分析，采用Tukey事后检验进行多重比较，并对相关样本进行重复测量方差分析。结果AH +生物陶瓷密封器的根管空隙最少（5.70%），充填根管ST为中等空隙，ADseal为最高（p < 0.001）。冠状三分之一有最多的空隙，其次是中间和根尖三分之一（p < 0.001）。AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer的膜厚最薄（19.3 μm），其次是Fill Root ST （42.7 μm）和ADseal (81.7 μm) （p < 0.001）。在溶解度方面，ADseal最低（0.9%），Fill Root ST最高（2.4%），AH Plus生物陶瓷中间体（1.5%）（p < 0.001）。结论生物陶瓷基材（充填根ST和AH +生物陶瓷）在空洞形成和膜厚度方面优于ADseal，空洞在冠状三分之一最常见，在根尖三分之一最少。

{"title":"Comparative analysis between resin-based root canal sealer and recent bioceramic-based root canal sealers using MicroCT, film thickness, and solubility","authors":"Amira Galal Ismail, Manar M. Galal, Tamer M. Hamdy","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study is aimed at evaluating the sealing quality of the single cone obturation technique with resin-based root canal sealers (ADseal root canal sealers, control group) and the novel hydraulic bioceramic-based sealers (Fill Root ST and AH Plus Bioceramic sealers). The assessment was performed by micro-CT void analysis. In addition, film thickness and solubility of the sealers were also evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Voids were evaluated on clear acrylic resin blocks with a standard artificial root canal model using micro-CT. Physical analysis of the sealers assessed film thickness and solubility. Statistical analysis included one-way ANOVA with Tukey's post-hoc test for multiple comparisons and repeated measure ANOVA for related samples.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer exhibited the least canal voids (5.70 %), while the Fill Root ST had intermediate voids, and ADseal had the highest (p < 0.001). The coronal third had the most voids, followed by the middle and apical thirds (p < 0.001). AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer had the thinnest film thickness (19.3 μm), followed by Fill Root ST (42.7 μm), and ADseal (81.7 μm) (p < 0.001). In solubility, ADseal had the lowest (0.9 %), Fill Root ST the highest (2.4 %), and AH Plus Bioceramic intermediate (1.5 %) (p < 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The bioceramic-based sealers (Fill Root ST and AH Plus Bioceramic) showed superior performance compared to ADseal in terms of void formation and film thickness, with voids most frequent in the coronal third and least in the apical third.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 101400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146024552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Condyle-Sigmoid-Coronoid triangle, Gonial angle for age estimation and sex determination: A retrospective Orthopantomograph study 评估髁状突-乙状突-冠状三角、角对年龄估计和性别确定的影响：一项回顾性骨解剖研究

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101411

K. Smrithy Sivadas, Kumuda Rao, Vidya Ajila, Yashika Jain

Background

Due to its sexual dimorphism, the mandible—a vital component of the human skull—is a valuable tool for sex determination in anthropological and forensic studies. Radiographs like an Orthopantomogram are quite useful in this regard for precise age and sex estimation. An essential component of the craniofacial complex, the mandibular angles provide information about the symmetry and vertical characteristics. Variations in the Condylar, Coronoidal, Sigmoidal, and Gonial angles have been observed with age, sex, and even dental status, as verified by radiographic and anthropometric research.

Aim

To evaluate Condylar angle, Sigmoidal angle, and Coronoidal angle by devising the Condyle-Sigmoid-Coronoid [CSC] Triangle along with the Gonial angle for sex determination and age estimation on a mandible devoid of teeth.

Materials and methods

200 Orthopantomograph images were attained, categorised into Group I and Group II, which consisted of males and females with ages ranging from 10 to 80 years, respectively. The CSC Triangle was devised by joining the highest point on these landmarks.

Results

The Condylar angle, Coronoidal angle, Sigmoidal angle composing the CSC triangle and the Gonial angle bilaterally were comparable between males and females with no statistically significant differences. The Condylar and coronoid angle had a higher score on the left side with the data demonstrating statistically significant results. The Sigmoidal angle and the Gonial angle were comparable between the right and left sides

Conclusion

Based on the statistical analysis, the difference noted with respect to the measured parameters indicates that these angles can help in sex determination and age estimation.

由于其性别二态性，下颌骨——人类头骨的重要组成部分——在人类学和法医研究中是一个有价值的性别确定工具。在这方面，像正体层摄影这样的x光片对于精确估计年龄和性别非常有用。作为颅面复合体的重要组成部分，下颌角提供了对称和垂直特征的信息。经x线摄影和人体测量学研究证实，髁状角、冠状角、乙状角和角状角的变化与年龄、性别甚至牙齿状况有关。目的通过设计髁-乙状体-冠状体[CSC]三角形及角形角来评估无牙下颌骨的髁状角、乙状体角和冠状角，用于性别鉴定和年龄估计。材料与方法获得200张正骨断层图像，分为ⅰ组和ⅱ组，分别为男性和女性，年龄在10 ~ 80岁之间。CSC三角是通过连接这些地标的最高点而设计的。结果构成CSC三角形的髁突角、冠状角、s形角和双侧角在男女之间具有可比性，差异无统计学意义。左侧髁突和冠状角评分较高，数据显示有统计学意义。左右两侧的s形角和Gonial角具有可比性。结论通过统计分析，所测参数的差异表明，这些角度可以帮助确定性别和估计年龄。

{"title":"Assessment of Condyle-Sigmoid-Coronoid triangle, Gonial angle for age estimation and sex determination: A retrospective Orthopantomograph study","authors":"K. Smrithy Sivadas, Kumuda Rao, Vidya Ajila, Yashika Jain","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101411","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Due to its sexual dimorphism, the mandible—a vital component of the human skull—is a valuable tool for sex determination in anthropological and forensic studies. Radiographs like an Orthopantomogram are quite useful in this regard for precise age and sex estimation. An essential component of the craniofacial complex, the mandibular angles provide information about the symmetry and vertical characteristics. Variations in the Condylar, Coronoidal, Sigmoidal, and Gonial angles have been observed with age, sex, and even dental status, as verified by radiographic and anthropometric research.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To evaluate Condylar angle, Sigmoidal angle, and Coronoidal angle by devising the Condyle-Sigmoid-Coronoid [CSC] Triangle along with the Gonial angle for sex determination and age estimation on a mandible devoid of teeth.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>200 Orthopantomograph images were attained, categorised into Group I and Group II, which consisted of males and females with ages ranging from 10 to 80 years, respectively. The CSC Triangle was devised by joining the highest point on these landmarks.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The Condylar angle, Coronoidal angle, Sigmoidal angle composing the CSC triangle and the Gonial angle bilaterally were comparable between males and females with no statistically significant differences. The Condylar and coronoid angle had a higher score on the left side with the data demonstrating statistically significant results. The Sigmoidal angle and the Gonial angle were comparable between the right and left sides</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Based on the statistical analysis, the difference noted with respect to the measured parameters indicates that these angles can help in sex determination and age estimation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 101411"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of lip repositioning and lip repositioning with botulinum toxin application in gummy smile treatment 唇部复位与肉毒杆菌毒素应用唇部复位治疗粘性微笑的比较。

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101422

Mert Keles , Dilek Ozkan Sen, Elif Oncu

Background

This study aimed to compare the effects of lip repositioning surgery alone versus its combination with botulinum toxin type A injection in reducing gingival display and to evaluate the esthetic stability of both approaches over a 1-year follow-up.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted using clinical records of 29 patients with excessive gingival display. Group A (n = 14) underwent lip repositioning surgery alone, while Group B (n = 15) received the same surgery followed by botulinum toxin injection. Gingival visibility was assessed from archived clinical records at baseline and at 1, 3, and 12 months postoperatively, with available clinical photographs reviewed solely as supplementary documentation. Statistical analyses were performed according to data distribution.

Results

Both groups showed significant within-group reductions in gingival display (p < 0.001). At 3 months, Group B demonstrated a significantly greater improvement (p < 0.001), indicating a short-term additive effect of botulinum toxin. However, by 12 months, the difference between groups was not statistically significant (p = 0.134), and surgical outcomes remained stable.

Conclusion

Within the limitations of a retrospective design and the variability of clinical records, lip repositioning surgery provided predictable and long-term esthetic results in managing gummy smile. While botulinum toxin may enhance short-term outcomes, its temporary effect limits long-term benefits. Treatment planning should consider both objective outcomes and patient esthetic expectations.

背景：本研究旨在比较单独的唇部复位手术与联合A型肉毒杆菌毒素注射在减少牙龈显示方面的效果，并在1年的随访中评估两种方法的美学稳定性。方法：对29例龈露过度患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。A组（n = 14）单独行唇部复位手术，B组（n = 15）行相同手术后注射肉毒杆菌毒素。从基线和术后1、3、12个月的存档临床记录中评估牙龈可见性，并仅将现有临床照片作为补充资料进行审查。根据数据分布进行统计学分析。结果：两组均显示组内牙龈显着减少(p结论：在回顾性设计和临床记录可变性的限制下，唇部复位手术在治疗牙龈微笑方面提供了可预测的长期美学结果。虽然肉毒杆菌毒素可以提高短期效果，但其暂时效果限制了长期效益。治疗计划应考虑客观结果和患者的审美期望。

{"title":"Comparison of lip repositioning and lip repositioning with botulinum toxin application in gummy smile treatment","authors":"Mert Keles , Dilek Ozkan Sen, Elif Oncu","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study aimed to compare the effects of lip repositioning surgery alone versus its combination with botulinum toxin type A injection in reducing gingival display and to evaluate the esthetic stability of both approaches over a 1-year follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective analysis was conducted using clinical records of 29 patients with excessive gingival display. Group A (n = 14) underwent lip repositioning surgery alone, while Group B (n = 15) received the same surgery followed by botulinum toxin injection. Gingival visibility was assessed from archived clinical records at baseline and at 1, 3, and 12 months postoperatively, with available clinical photographs reviewed solely as supplementary documentation. Statistical analyses were performed according to data distribution.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both groups showed significant within-group reductions in gingival display (p < 0.001). At 3 months, Group B demonstrated a significantly greater improvement (p < 0.001), indicating a short-term additive effect of botulinum toxin. However, by 12 months, the difference between groups was not statistically significant (p = 0.134), and surgical outcomes remained stable.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Within the limitations of a retrospective design and the variability of clinical records, lip repositioning surgery provided predictable and long-term esthetic results in managing gummy smile. While botulinum toxin may enhance short-term outcomes, its temporary effect limits long-term benefits. Treatment planning should consider both objective outcomes and patient esthetic expectations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 101422"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147276083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SHED secretome hydrogel combined with α-mangostin for periodontal bone regeneration: In vivo study SHED分泌组水凝胶联合α-山竹苷用于牙周骨再生的体内研究。

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101425

Mohammed Ahmed Aljunaid , Rini Devijanti Ridwan , Hendrik Setia Budi , Yuliati , Huda Rashad Qaid , Rubbig Diferly Mahendra , Chanaya Miranda Riveira , Abumabdian Nasar Aqrabi , Ananda Firman Putranto , Farouk Al-Ghazaly , Osamah Mohammed Al-Kawri

Objectives

Periodontitis is a long-term inflammatory condition that results in the gradual loss of bone tissue surrounding the teeth. Cells derived from the pulp of human exfoliated deciduous teeth, also known as SHED cells, are very valuable in regenerative medicine due to their ease of access, rapid multiplication, and the ability to develop into multiple cell types. Additionally, medicinal plants such as mangosteen, which are rich in α-mangostin, show promise for periodontitis treatment. This compound, possessing potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms of SHED secretome-loaded hydrogel combined with α-mangostin on the periodontal bone regeneration processes in a rat model.

Material and method

Sixty Male Wistar rats (n = 12 per group) were divided into five group: Control positive, Control negative, Treatment I, Treatment II, and Treatment III. After treatment, rats were humanely euthanized at three distinct time points (7, 14, and 21 days). Mandibular sections were then collected and analyzed using immunohistochemistry to quantify the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-10, and BMP-2. One-way ANOVA and a post hoc test (P < 0.05) were used to assess the data.

Result

The result showed decrease in TNF-α expression, and a significant increase in the expression of IL-10 and BMP-2 at 7th, 14th, and 21 days.

Conclusion

The combination of hydrogel SHED secretome α-mangostin effectively modulates the inflammatory environment by reducing TNF-α level and enhancing IL-10 production, thereby promoting the expression of the osteogenic factor BMP-2. This finding suggests an effective strategy for periodontal bone regeneration processes.

目的：牙周炎是一种长期的炎症，导致牙齿周围的骨组织逐渐丧失。从人类脱落的乳牙牙髓中提取的细胞，也被称为SHED细胞，由于其易于获取，快速增殖以及能够发育成多种细胞类型，在再生医学中非常有价值。此外，山竹等药用植物富含α-山竹苷，有望治疗牙周炎。这种化合物，具有有效的抗炎和抗氧化特性。本研究旨在探讨SHED负载水凝胶联合α-山竹苷对大鼠牙周骨再生的分子机制。材料与方法：雄性Wistar大鼠60只，每组12只，分为5组：对照阳性、对照阴性、处理1、处理2、处理3。治疗后，分别在7、14、21天对大鼠实施人道安乐死。收集下颌骨切片，采用免疫组化分析，量化TNF-α、IL-10和BMP-2的表达水平。单因素方差分析和事后检验(P)结果：第7、14、21天TNF-α表达降低，IL-10、BMP-2表达显著升高。结论：水凝胶联合SHED分泌组α-山竹苷可通过降低TNF-α水平，提高IL-10的产生，从而促进成骨因子BMP-2的表达，从而有效调节炎症环境。这一发现提示了牙周骨再生过程的有效策略。

{"title":"SHED secretome hydrogel combined with α-mangostin for periodontal bone regeneration: In vivo study","authors":"Mohammed Ahmed Aljunaid , Rini Devijanti Ridwan , Hendrik Setia Budi , Yuliati , Huda Rashad Qaid , Rubbig Diferly Mahendra , Chanaya Miranda Riveira , Abumabdian Nasar Aqrabi , Ananda Firman Putranto , Farouk Al-Ghazaly , Osamah Mohammed Al-Kawri","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Periodontitis is a long-term inflammatory condition that results in the gradual loss of bone tissue surrounding the teeth. Cells derived from the pulp of human exfoliated deciduous teeth, also known as SHED cells, are very valuable in regenerative medicine due to their ease of access, rapid multiplication, and the ability to develop into multiple cell types. Additionally, medicinal plants such as mangosteen, which are rich in α-mangostin, show promise for periodontitis treatment. This compound, possessing potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms of SHED secretome-loaded hydrogel combined with α-mangostin on the periodontal bone regeneration processes in a rat model.</div></div><div><h3>Material and method</h3><div>Sixty Male Wistar rats (n = 12 per group) were divided into five group: Control positive, Control negative, Treatment I, Treatment II, and Treatment III. After treatment, rats were humanely euthanized at three distinct time points (7, 14, and 21 days). Mandibular sections were then collected and analyzed using immunohistochemistry to quantify the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-10, and BMP-2. One-way ANOVA and a post hoc test (P < 0.05) were used to assess the data.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>The result showed decrease in TNF-α expression, and a significant increase in the expression of IL-10 and BMP-2 at 7th, 14th, and 21 days.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The combination of hydrogel SHED secretome α-mangostin effectively modulates the inflammatory environment by reducing TNF-α level and enhancing IL-10 production, thereby promoting the expression of the osteogenic factor BMP-2. This finding suggests an effective strategy for periodontal bone regeneration processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 101425"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147326445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transformer-based classification and interpretability of NR3C1 expression patterns in OSCC: Metabolic adaptation insights OSCC中NR3C1表达模式的基于转换器的分类和可解释性：代谢适应见解。

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101427

Monal Yuwanati , Pradeep Kumar Yadalam , Senthilmurugan Mullainathan

Introduction

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) involves several oncogenic proteins for survival. Protein sequence classification is a fundamental challenge in computational biology, complicated by the complex, non-linear relationships within sequences. Recent advances in transformer-based language models have yielded promising results on biological sequence tasks. The study involves a comprehensive evaluation of four transformer models, compared with two deep learning models and two traditional machine learning classifiers (Random Forest and SVM), for protein sequence classification of NR3C1 peptide sequences.

Methods

All models were trained for 100 epochs on 5 UniProt sequences, split into medium (200–500 aa) and long (>500 aa) classes. Sequences were tokenized, padded, or truncated to 512 tokens, and converted for BERT, RoBERTa, DistilBERT, and ALBERT. The dataset was split into 80% for training and 20% for validation, with stratified class balance.

Results

Among the four transformer models, RoBERTa performed best with an F1-score of 0.8574, followed by ALBERT and BERT with scores of 0.8509 and 0.8378, respectively. These models performed far better than the deep learning models, which had an F1-score of approximately 0.763, and the traditional methods, which had an F1-score of 0.693. ALBERT achieved approximately 99.2% of RoBERTa's performance while using only about 9.6% of its parameters. Overall, RoBERTa and other transformers yield the best-performing models for protein sequence classification.

Conclusion

Transformer models, especially RoBERTa, outperform conventional methods for NR3C1 protein sequence classification, achieving higher accuracy and efficiency.

口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）涉及几种致癌蛋白的生存。蛋白质序列分类是计算生物学中的一个基本挑战，由于序列之间复杂的非线性关系而变得更加复杂。基于转换器的语言模型的最新进展在生物序列任务上取得了可喜的成果。本研究对四种变压器模型进行综合评价，并与两种深度学习模型和两种传统机器学习分类器（Random Forest和SVM）进行比较，对NR3C1肽序列进行蛋白质序列分类。方法：所有模型在5个UniProt序列上进行100次训练，分为中（200-500 aa）和长（100 -500 aa）两类。序列被标记、填充或截断为512个标记，并转换为BERT、RoBERTa、DistilBERT和ALBERT。数据集被分成80%用于训练，20%用于验证，并进行分层分类平衡。结果：4种变压器模型中RoBERTa表现最好，f1得分为0.8574，其次是ALBERT和BERT，得分分别为0.8509和0.8378。这些模型的表现远远好于深度学习模型，前者的f1得分约为0.763，后者的f1得分为0.693。ALBERT只使用了9.6%的参数，却达到了RoBERTa 99.2%的性能。总的来说，RoBERTa和其他转换器产生了最好的蛋白质序列分类模型。结论：以RoBERTa为代表的Transformer模型优于传统的NR3C1蛋白序列分类方法，具有更高的准确率和效率。

{"title":"Transformer-based classification and interpretability of NR3C1 expression patterns in OSCC: Metabolic adaptation insights","authors":"Monal Yuwanati , Pradeep Kumar Yadalam , Senthilmurugan Mullainathan","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) involves several oncogenic proteins for survival. Protein sequence classification is a fundamental challenge in computational biology, complicated by the complex, non-linear relationships within sequences. Recent advances in transformer-based language models have yielded promising results on biological sequence tasks. The study involves a comprehensive evaluation of four transformer models, compared with two deep learning models and two traditional machine learning classifiers (Random Forest and SVM), for protein sequence classification of NR3C1 peptide sequences.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>All models were trained for 100 epochs on 5 UniProt sequences, split into medium (200–500 aa) and long (>500 aa) classes. Sequences were tokenized, padded, or truncated to 512 tokens, and converted for BERT, RoBERTa, DistilBERT, and ALBERT. The dataset was split into 80% for training and 20% for validation, with stratified class balance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the four transformer models, RoBERTa performed best with an F1-score of 0.8574, followed by ALBERT and BERT with scores of 0.8509 and 0.8378, respectively. These models performed far better than the deep learning models, which had an F1-score of approximately 0.763, and the traditional methods, which had an F1-score of 0.693. ALBERT achieved approximately 99.2% of RoBERTa's performance while using only about 9.6% of its parameters. Overall, RoBERTa and other transformers yield the best-performing models for protein sequence classification.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Transformer models, especially RoBERTa, outperform conventional methods for NR3C1 protein sequence classification, achieving higher accuracy and efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 101427"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147326399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Economic burden and economic impact of oral diseases in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis 印度口腔疾病的经济负担和经济影响：系统回顾和荟萃分析

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.01.006

Vineetha Karuveettil , Chandrashekar Janakiram , Aparna Ramachandran , Denny John

Objective

To quantify the economic burden and financial impact of oral diseases in India—on individuals, households, the health system, and society—focusing on direct and indirect costs and out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE).

Methods

Following JBI methodology and PRISMA 2020, we conducted a three-step search of MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, DOSS, Cochrane CENTRAL, and grey literature. We included India-based studies reporting economic burden/financial impact at individual, household, or population levels. Eligible designs were cost-of-illness, cost/expenditure analyses, and cohort or cross-sectional studies; mixed-methods with extractable quantitative data were included. Two reviewers independently screened, appraised (JBI tools), and extracted data on direct/indirect costs, OOPE, catastrophic expenditure (CHE), and hardship financing. Findings were narratively synthesized; meta-analysis was undertaken in JBI SUMARI where appropriate.

Results

Of 1684 records, 15 met inclusion criteria, mostly cross-sectional across states. OOPE varied widely; oral-cancer treatment often ranged from INR 80,000 to over INR 2,30,000. Direct costs were higher in private settings; indirect productivity losses were reported. CHE ranged from 0.6 % to 96 % across definitions; pooling studies using the ≥20 % income threshold yielded a CHE prevalence of 18.8 %. Insurance coverage was low (<15 %) with limited protection. Up to one-third of patients relied on hardship financing (borrowing or asset sales).

Conclusion

Oral diseases impose a substantial economic burden in India, characterised by high OOPE, elevated CHE risk (pooled 18.8 %), and frequent distress financing. Priorities include stronger national data, standardised costing/reporting (price year, components, variance), and expanded financial protection to reduce household hardship and advance universal oral health coverage.

Systematic review registration number

The protocol is prospectively registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews database (PROSPERO ID: CRD420251030651).

目的量化印度口腔疾病对个人、家庭、卫生系统和社会的经济负担和财政影响，重点关注直接和间接成本和自付费用（OOPE）。方法采用JBI方法学和PRISMA 2020，对MEDLINE、Embase、Scopus、CINAHL、DOSS、Cochrane CENTRAL和灰色文献进行三步检索。我们纳入了以印度为基础的研究，报告了个人、家庭或人口水平上的经济负担/财务影响。符合条件的设计是疾病成本、成本/支出分析和队列或横断面研究；包括可提取定量数据的混合方法。两位审稿人独立筛选、评估（JBI工具），并提取了直接/间接成本、OOPE、灾难性支出（CHE）和困难融资方面的数据。研究结果以叙述方式综合；适当时在JBI SUMARI中进行meta分析。结果在1684份记录中，有15份符合纳入标准，大部分是跨州的横截面记录。OOPE变化很大；口腔癌的治疗费用通常在8万卢比到23万卢比以上。私人部门的直接成本更高；有间接生产力损失的报告。不同定义的CHE范围从0.6%到96%；采用≥20%收入阈值的合并研究得出CHE患病率为18.8%。保险覆盖率很低（15%），保障有限。多达三分之一的患者依靠困难融资（借款或出售资产）。结论口腔疾病在印度造成了巨大的经济负担，其特点是口腔疾病发生率高，CHE风险升高（合计18.8%），以及频繁的紧急融资。优先事项包括加强国家数据、标准化成本核算/报告（价格年度、组成部分、差异）和扩大财务保护，以减少家庭困难和推进全民口腔健康覆盖。该方案已在国际前瞻性系统评价注册数据库（PROSPERO ID: CRD420251030651）中前瞻性注册。

{"title":"Economic burden and economic impact of oral diseases in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Vineetha Karuveettil , Chandrashekar Janakiram , Aparna Ramachandran , Denny John","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To quantify the economic burden and financial impact of oral diseases in India—on individuals, households, the health system, and society—focusing on direct and indirect costs and out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Following JBI methodology and PRISMA 2020, we conducted a three-step search of MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, DOSS, Cochrane CENTRAL, and grey literature. We included India-based studies reporting economic burden/financial impact at individual, household, or population levels. Eligible designs were cost-of-illness, cost/expenditure analyses, and cohort or cross-sectional studies; mixed-methods with extractable quantitative data were included. Two reviewers independently screened, appraised (JBI tools), and extracted data on direct/indirect costs, OOPE, catastrophic expenditure (CHE), and hardship financing. Findings were narratively synthesized; meta-analysis was undertaken in JBI SUMARI where appropriate.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 1684 records, 15 met inclusion criteria, mostly cross-sectional across states. OOPE varied widely; oral-cancer treatment often ranged from INR 80,000 to over INR 2,30,000. Direct costs were higher in private settings; indirect productivity losses were reported. CHE ranged from 0.6 % to 96 % across definitions; pooling studies using the ≥20 % income threshold yielded a CHE prevalence of 18.8 %. Insurance coverage was low (<15 %) with limited protection. Up to one-third of patients relied on hardship financing (borrowing or asset sales).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Oral diseases impose a substantial economic burden in India, characterised by high OOPE, elevated CHE risk (pooled 18.8 %), and frequent distress financing. Priorities include stronger national data, standardised costing/reporting (price year, components, variance), and expanded financial protection to reduce household hardship and advance universal oral health coverage.</div></div><div><h3>Systematic review registration number</h3><div>The protocol is prospectively registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews database (PROSPERO ID: CRD420251030651).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 101402"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146024598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimizing graphene-enhanced polycaprolactone scaffolds for bone tissue engineering 优化石墨烯增强聚己内酯骨组织工程支架。

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101418

Silvia Anitasari , Nataniel Tandirogang , Hadi Irawiraman , Hendrik Setia Budi , Yung-Kang Shen , Levi Natya Alus , Prawati Nuraini

Background

Polycaprolactone (PCL) is widely used in scaffold fabrication due to its biocompatibility and mechanical properties, yet its limited osteoinductive capability hinders effective bone regeneration. To address this, graphene (G) has been incorporated into PCL scaffolds to enhance bioactivity, mechanical strength, and osteogenic potential.

Objective

This study evaluates the osteogenic efficacy of PCL/G composite scaffolds by analyzing osteocalcin (OCN) and osteopontin (OPN) expression and mineralization using Alizarin Red staining.

Methods

Thirty-six adult male rabbits were randomized to four groups and evaluated on day 7, 14 and 21. The PCL/G scaffolds were fabricated using the solvent casting and particle leaching method. A left tibial incision was made and exposing the site for osteotomy. Scaffolds were implanted, and wounds closed. Expression of OCN and OPN were evaluated by immunochemistry and mineralization was evaluated by Alizarin Red staining.

Results

The results indicate that increasing graphene concentration significantly enhances osteogenic activity, with 2.5 wt% graphene demonstrating the highest OCN and OPN expression, as well as superior calcium deposition.

Conclusions

These findings highlight the potential of graphene-based scaffolds in promoting bone regeneration and accelerating clinical translation. Future research should focus on long-term in vivo studies and scaffold degradation kinetics to validate their effectiveness in maxillofacial bone defects due to oral cancer surgery.

背景：聚己内酯（PCL）因其生物相容性和力学性能被广泛应用于支架制造，但其有限的骨诱导能力阻碍了有效的骨再生。为了解决这个问题，石墨烯(G)被加入到PCL支架中，以提高生物活性、机械强度和成骨潜力。目的：通过茜素红染色分析骨钙素（OCN）和骨桥蛋白（OPN）的表达和矿化，评价PCL/G复合支架的成骨效果。方法：将36只成年雄性家兔随机分为4组，分别于第7、14、21天进行评估。采用溶剂铸造和颗粒浸出法制备了PCL/G支架。左胫骨切开，显露截骨部位。植入支架，缝合伤口。免疫化学法检测OCN和OPN的表达，茜素红染色法检测矿化。结果表明，增加石墨烯浓度可显著增强成骨活性，2.5 wt%的石墨烯表现出最高的OCN和OPN表达，以及优越的钙沉积。结论：这些发现突出了石墨烯基支架在促进骨再生和加速临床转化方面的潜力。未来的研究应集中在长期的体内研究和支架降解动力学上，以验证其在口腔癌手术引起的颌面骨缺损中的有效性。

{"title":"Optimizing graphene-enhanced polycaprolactone scaffolds for bone tissue engineering","authors":"Silvia Anitasari , Nataniel Tandirogang , Hadi Irawiraman , Hendrik Setia Budi , Yung-Kang Shen , Levi Natya Alus , Prawati Nuraini","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Polycaprolactone (PCL) is widely used in scaffold fabrication due to its biocompatibility and mechanical properties, yet its limited osteoinductive capability hinders effective bone regeneration. To address this, graphene (G) has been incorporated into PCL scaffolds to enhance bioactivity, mechanical strength, and osteogenic potential.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study evaluates the osteogenic efficacy of PCL/G composite scaffolds by analyzing osteocalcin (OCN) and osteopontin (OPN) expression and mineralization using Alizarin Red staining.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty-six adult male rabbits were randomized to four groups and evaluated on day 7, 14 and 21. The PCL/G scaffolds were fabricated using the solvent casting and particle leaching method. A left tibial incision was made and exposing the site for osteotomy. Scaffolds were implanted, and wounds closed. Expression of OCN and OPN were evaluated by immunochemistry and mineralization was evaluated by Alizarin Red staining.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results indicate that increasing graphene concentration significantly enhances osteogenic activity, with 2.5 wt% graphene demonstrating the highest OCN and OPN expression, as well as superior calcium deposition.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings highlight the potential of graphene-based scaffolds in promoting bone regeneration and accelerating clinical translation. Future research should focus on long-term in vivo studies and scaffold degradation kinetics to validate their effectiveness in maxillofacial bone defects due to oral cancer surgery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 101418"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147276377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0