Indah Budiastutik, Martha I Kartasurya, Hertanto W Subagio, Bagoes Widjanarko
Uncontrolled prediabetes can develop into Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The incidence of T2DM among adults in Pontianak, Indonesia was reported remarkably high. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the risk factors for prediabetes in adults living in urban areas of Pontianak, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 5 subdistricts of Pontianak. A total of 506 adults underwent screening to obtain subjects with fasting blood glucose (FBS) of ≤124 mg/dL and aged >30 years. Blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) were measured. Interview using a structured questionnaire were performed to obtain data on predictor variables (age, sex, education, income, health insurance, tobacco use, history of hypertension, gout, high cholesterol level, frequency of exercise per week, and diabetic education). The prevalence of prediabetes among subjects was significantly high (76.4%). Subjects were predominantly above 40 years, female, had low income, low education level, and had health insurance. About a third of the subjects had a history of hypertension, gout, and high cholesterol level, respectively. The exercise frequency was mostly less than 3 times/week, and the BMI was mainly classified as overweight and obese. The result of spearman's rho correlation showed that age (r = 0.146; p=0.022) and BMI (r = 0.130; p=0.041) significantly correlated with prediabetes incidence. Moreover, the chi-square analysis demonstrated that health insurance ownership (OR = 4.473; 95% CI 1.824-10.972; p ≤ 0.001), history of hypertension (OR = 3.096; 95% CI 1.542-6.218; p=0.001), and history of gout (OR = 2.419; 95% CI 1.148-5.099; p=0.018), were associated with prediabetes incidence. For all these significant risk predictors except BMI, the significant associations were found only among female subjects after specific sex analysis. Moreover, multivariate logistic regression showed that health insurance ownerships (OR = 5.956; 95% CI 2.256-15.661; p ≤ 0.001) and history of hypertension (OR = 3.257; 95% CI 1.451-7.311; p=0.004), and systolic blood pressure (OR = 2.141; 95% CI 1.092-4.196; p=0.027) were the risk factors for prediabetes. It is concluded that the prevalence of prediabetes is probably high especially among urban people in Pontianak, Indonesia. Health insurance ownership and hypertension may have an important role in prediabetes management. The risk factors might be different between male and female.
未控制的糖尿病前期可发展为2型糖尿病(T2DM)。据报道,印尼Pontianak的成人2型糖尿病发病率非常高。因此,本研究旨在调查生活在印度尼西亚Pontianak城市地区的成年人前驱糖尿病的危险因素。横断面研究在Pontianak的5个街道进行。共有506名成年人接受了筛查,以获得空腹血糖(FBS)≤124 mg/dL且年龄>30岁的受试者。测量血压和体重指数(BMI)。采用结构化问卷进行访谈,以获得预测变量(年龄、性别、教育程度、收入、健康保险、吸烟、高血压史、痛风史、高胆固醇水平、每周运动频率和糖尿病教育)的数据。受试者中前驱糖尿病的患病率明显较高(76.4%)。研究对象以40岁以上、低收入、低教育水平、有健康保险的女性为主。大约三分之一的受试者分别有高血压、痛风和高胆固醇病史。运动频次多小于3次/周,BMI以超重和肥胖为主。spearman’s rho相关结果显示,年龄(r = 0.146;p=0.022)和BMI (r = 0.130;P =0.041)与糖尿病前期发病率显著相关。此外,卡方分析表明,健康保险所有权(OR = 4.473;95% ci 1.824-10.972;p≤0.001)、高血压史(OR = 3.096;95% ci 1.542-6.218;p=0.001),痛风病史(OR = 2.419;95% ci 1.148-5.099;P =0.018),与糖尿病前期发病率相关。除BMI外,所有这些显著的风险预测因子在特定的性别分析后,仅在女性受试者中发现显著的关联。此外,多元logistic回归显示,健康保险拥有量(OR = 5.956;95% ci 2.256-15.661;p≤0.001)和高血压史(OR = 3.257;95% ci 1.451-7.311;p=0.004),收缩压(OR = 2.141;95% ci 1.092-4.196;P =0.027)为前驱糖尿病的危险因素。结论是,糖尿病前期的患病率可能很高,特别是在印度尼西亚Pontianak的城市人群中。健康保险所有权和高血压可能在糖尿病前期管理中起重要作用。男性和女性的风险因素可能有所不同。
{"title":"High Prevalence of Prediabetes and Associated Risk Factors in Urban Areas of Pontianak, Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Indah Budiastutik, Martha I Kartasurya, Hertanto W Subagio, Bagoes Widjanarko","doi":"10.1155/2022/4851044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4851044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Uncontrolled prediabetes can develop into Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The incidence of T2DM among adults in Pontianak, Indonesia was reported remarkably high. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the risk factors for prediabetes in adults living in urban areas of Pontianak, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 5 subdistricts of Pontianak. A total of 506 adults underwent screening to obtain subjects with fasting blood glucose (FBS) of ≤124 mg/dL and aged >30 years. Blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) were measured. Interview using a structured questionnaire were performed to obtain data on predictor variables (age, sex, education, income, health insurance, tobacco use, history of hypertension, gout, high cholesterol level, frequency of exercise per week, and diabetic education). The prevalence of prediabetes among subjects was significantly high (76.4%). Subjects were predominantly above 40 years, female, had low income, low education level, and had health insurance. About a third of the subjects had a history of hypertension, gout, and high cholesterol level, respectively. The exercise frequency was mostly less than 3 times/week, and the BMI was mainly classified as overweight and obese. The result of spearman's rho correlation showed that age (<i>r</i> = 0.146; <i>p</i>=0.022) and BMI (<i>r</i> = 0.130; <i>p</i>=0.041) significantly correlated with prediabetes incidence. Moreover, the chi-square analysis demonstrated that health insurance ownership (OR = 4.473; 95% CI 1.824-10.972; <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001), history of hypertension (OR = 3.096; 95% CI 1.542-6.218; <i>p</i>=0.001), and history of gout (OR = 2.419; 95% CI 1.148-5.099; <i>p</i>=0.018), were associated with prediabetes incidence. For all these significant risk predictors except BMI, the significant associations were found only among female subjects after specific sex analysis. Moreover, multivariate logistic regression showed that health insurance ownerships (OR = 5.956; 95% CI 2.256-15.661; <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001) and history of hypertension (OR = 3.257; 95% CI 1.451-7.311; <i>p</i>=0.004), and systolic blood pressure (OR = 2.141; 95% CI 1.092-4.196; <i>p</i>=0.027) were the risk factors for prediabetes. It is concluded that the prevalence of prediabetes is probably high especially among urban people in Pontianak, Indonesia. Health insurance ownership and hypertension may have an important role in prediabetes management. The risk factors might be different between male and female.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9759381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10450617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-17eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1155/2021/4881430
Jennifer L Kuk, Rebecca A G Christensen, Elham Kamran Samani, Sean Wharton
Objective: To examine the associations between patient struggles, health, and weight management changes during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: 585 patients attending a publicly funded clinical weight management program responded to an electronic survey.
Results: Over half of the patients reported worsened overall health, mental health, physical activity, or diet during the pandemic. Approximately 30% of patients lost ≥3% of their body weight and 21% gained ≥3% of their body weight between March and July of the pandemic. Reports of social isolation was associated with increased odds for weight loss in women (OR = 2.0, 1.2-3.3), while low motivation (OR = 1.9, 1.0-3.7), depression (OR = 2.5, 1.0-6.3), and struggles with carbohydrate intake (OR = 2.1, 1.0-4.3) were associated with weight gain. Cooking more at home/eating less take out was associated with increased likelihood of weight loss (OR = 2.1, 1.1-3.9) and lower odds for weight gain (OR = 0.2, 0.1 to 0.97). Working from home was not associated with weight loss or weight gain (P > 0.6).
Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with certain factors that may facilitate weight loss and other factors that promote weight gain. Thus, depending on the patient experience during the pandemic, prevention of weight gain may be more appropriate than weight loss.
{"title":"Predictors of Weight Loss and Weight Gain in Weight Management Patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Jennifer L Kuk, Rebecca A G Christensen, Elham Kamran Samani, Sean Wharton","doi":"10.1155/2021/4881430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/4881430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the associations between patient struggles, health, and weight management changes during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>585 patients attending a publicly funded clinical weight management program responded to an electronic survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over half of the patients reported worsened overall health, mental health, physical activity, or diet during the pandemic. Approximately 30% of patients lost ≥3% of their body weight and 21% gained ≥3% of their body weight between March and July of the pandemic. Reports of social isolation was associated with increased odds for weight loss in women (OR = 2.0, 1.2-3.3), while low motivation (OR = 1.9, 1.0-3.7), depression (OR = 2.5, 1.0-6.3), and struggles with carbohydrate intake (OR = 2.1, 1.0-4.3) were associated with weight gain. Cooking more at home/eating less take out was associated with increased likelihood of weight loss (OR = 2.1, 1.1-3.9) and lower odds for weight gain (OR = 0.2, 0.1 to 0.97). Working from home was not associated with weight loss or weight gain (<i>P</i> > 0.6).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with certain factors that may facilitate weight loss and other factors that promote weight gain. Thus, depending on the patient experience during the pandemic, prevention of weight gain may be more appropriate than weight loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8709769/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39625829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-09eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1155/2021/5325813
Ali B Roomi, Wassan Nori, Saad H Al-Badry
Osteoporosis (OP) has been observed to have a deleterious effect on postmenopausal women's life quality by increasing the risk of fragility fractures. The current research was adopted to verify the role of serum adiponectin, a cytokine released by adipose tissue, as a marker for OP across different body mass index groups, for a better understanding of fatty tissue role in OP. A case-control study recruited 210 eligible postmenopausal women and subgrouped into three groups based on their DEXA scan results: osteoporotic group, osteopenia group, and healthy controls; each includes 70 patients. Three datasets were collected: anthropometric, age, menopause duration, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and fat percentage. Radiological examination estimated the bone mineral density (BMD) for the femoral neck and lumbar spines with their respective T-score. From blood, we measured alkaline phosphatase and calcium by a spectrophotometer and serum adiponectin, phosphate, CTX, and PICP by ELIZA. Total BMD, T-score, serum phosphate, and PICP were significantly higher among healthy controls. Serum adiponectin, CTX, and ALP scored higher levels among OP cases. A strong inverse relationship was proved between serum adiponectin and T-score in osteoporotic and osteopenia groups (-0.427, -0.301). A strong negative relationship was found between serum adiponectin and total BMD in healthy controls (-0.204). All correlations were statistically significant, P value <0.001. Serum adiponectin can be a valuable marker for reduced bone mineral density among the general populace, irrespective of the body mass index. Further research is warranted to explore therapeutic and preventive applications for this adipocytokine.
{"title":"The Value of Serum Adiponectin in Osteoporotic Women: Does Weight Have an Effect?","authors":"Ali B Roomi, Wassan Nori, Saad H Al-Badry","doi":"10.1155/2021/5325813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5325813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteoporosis (OP) has been observed to have a deleterious effect on postmenopausal women's life quality by increasing the risk of fragility fractures. The current research was adopted to verify the role of serum adiponectin, a cytokine released by adipose tissue, as a marker for OP across different body mass index groups, for a better understanding of fatty tissue role in OP. A case-control study recruited 210 eligible postmenopausal women and subgrouped into three groups based on their DEXA scan results: osteoporotic group, osteopenia group, and healthy controls; each includes 70 patients. Three datasets were collected: anthropometric, age, menopause duration, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and fat percentage. Radiological examination estimated the bone mineral density (BMD) for the femoral neck and lumbar spines with their respective T-score. From blood, we measured alkaline phosphatase and calcium by a spectrophotometer and serum adiponectin, phosphate, CTX, and PICP by ELIZA. Total BMD, T-score, serum phosphate, and PICP were significantly higher among healthy controls. Serum adiponectin, CTX, and ALP scored higher levels among OP cases. A strong inverse relationship was proved between serum adiponectin and T-score in osteoporotic and osteopenia groups (-0.427, -0.301). A strong negative relationship was found between serum adiponectin and total BMD in healthy controls (-0.204). All correlations were statistically significant, <i>P</i> value <0.001. Serum adiponectin can be a valuable marker for reduced bone mineral density among the general populace, irrespective of the body mass index. Further research is warranted to explore therapeutic and preventive applications for this adipocytokine.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8595024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39638207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-31eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1155/2021/8945091
Katheryn Hope Wilkinson, Ruizhe Wu, Aniko Szabo, Rana Higgins, Jon Gould, Tammy Kindel
Introduction: Bariatric surgery performed at high volume centers decreases length of stay, cost, and morbidity and mortality. The effect of a high volume of bariatric surgery procedures on outcomes may extend not just to bariatric surgery but to any general surgical procedure in morbidly obese patients. We hypothesized that patients with morbid obesity (body mass index >40 kg/m2) undergoing common, nonbariatric general surgery would have decreased morbidity and mortality at centers performing high volumes of bariatric surgery.
Methods: The 2016 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) was used to identify the number of laparoscopic gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy performed at each hospital. Hospitals were classified as high volume bariatric hospitals (HVBH) ≥10 reported cases (50 actual)/year or low volume bariatric hospitals (LVBH) <10 reported cases (50 actual)/year, as NIS reports a 20% sample of actual cases. Patients with morbid obesity undergoing laparoscopic or open appendectomy, cholecystectomy, or ventral hernia repair were included for analysis. Propensity scores were developed based on available demographics, comorbidities, and hospital procedure volume. Postoperative complications during the index hospital admission, determined by ICD-10 code, were compared using inverse propensity weights. Differences were considered significant with a p value of <0.05.
Results: The total number of general surgery patient cases analyzed was 14,028 from 2,482 hospitals, representing 70,140 admissions. The cohort of patients undergoing operations treated at HVBH were younger (p=0.03) with higher rates of COPD (p=0.04). Patients at LVBH had higher rates of nicotine dependence (p=0.0001) and obstructive sleep apnea (p < 0.001). On propensity-weighted analysis adjusting for preoperative comorbidities and hospital procedure volume, there were significantly higher rates of multiple postprocedure complications at LVBH, specifically, postprocedure respiratory failure for patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy, elective ventral hernia repair with mesh and appendectomy.
Conclusion: Patients with morbid obesity may have an advantage in having general surgery procedures at HVBH. HVBH may have a volume-outcomes relationship where the hospital and staff familiarity with the management principles required to minimize the postoperative risk associated with morbid obesity and improve patient outcomes.
{"title":"The Effect of Bariatric Surgery Volume on General Surgery Outcomes for Morbidly Obese Patients.","authors":"Katheryn Hope Wilkinson, Ruizhe Wu, Aniko Szabo, Rana Higgins, Jon Gould, Tammy Kindel","doi":"10.1155/2021/8945091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8945091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bariatric surgery performed at high volume centers decreases length of stay, cost, and morbidity and mortality. The effect of a high volume of bariatric surgery procedures on outcomes may extend not just to bariatric surgery but to any general surgical procedure in morbidly obese patients. We hypothesized that patients with morbid obesity (body mass index >40 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) undergoing common, nonbariatric general surgery would have decreased morbidity and mortality at centers performing high volumes of bariatric surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The 2016 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) was used to identify the number of laparoscopic gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy performed at each hospital. Hospitals were classified as high volume bariatric hospitals (HVBH) ≥10 reported cases (50 actual)/year or low volume bariatric hospitals (LVBH) <10 reported cases (50 actual)/year, as NIS reports a 20% sample of actual cases. Patients with morbid obesity undergoing laparoscopic or open appendectomy, cholecystectomy, or ventral hernia repair were included for analysis. Propensity scores were developed based on available demographics, comorbidities, and hospital procedure volume. Postoperative complications during the index hospital admission, determined by ICD-10 code, were compared using inverse propensity weights. Differences were considered significant with a <i>p</i> value of <0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total number of general surgery patient cases analyzed was 14,028 from 2,482 hospitals, representing 70,140 admissions. The cohort of patients undergoing operations treated at HVBH were younger (<i>p</i>=0.03) with higher rates of COPD (<i>p</i>=0.04). Patients at LVBH had higher rates of nicotine dependence (<i>p</i>=0.0001) and obstructive sleep apnea (<i>p</i> < 0.001). On propensity-weighted analysis adjusting for preoperative comorbidities and hospital procedure volume, there were significantly higher rates of multiple postprocedure complications at LVBH, specifically, postprocedure respiratory failure for patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy, elective ventral hernia repair with mesh and appendectomy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with morbid obesity may have an advantage in having general surgery procedures at HVBH. HVBH may have a volume-outcomes relationship where the hospital and staff familiarity with the management principles required to minimize the postoperative risk associated with morbid obesity and improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8572633/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39711868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-15eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1155/2021/6866911
Lifoter K Navti, Brice U S Foudjo
Objective: To examine changes in measures of adiposity and determine the prevalence of excess adiposity in relation to height in school children between 2010 and 2020.
Methods: 5-12-year-old urban school-age children participated in two cross-sectional surveys in 2010 (n = 1274) and 2020 (n = 1550). Standard procedures were used for anthropometric measurements. Changes in BMI, waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and the corresponding proportions of children with excess adiposity were analyzed and adjusted for design variables (class and school type) and age. Children were classified according to quartiles of height z-score and prevalence of excess adiposity estimated across each quartile.
Results: There was a 2.4% and 3.3% increase in adjusted mean BMI and WC, respectively, between 2010 and 2020. The prevalence of central overweight/obesity (WC) and WHtR ≥ 0.5 increased by 7.3% (X2 = 27.151, p < 0.001) and 5.3% (X2 = 26.117, p < 0.001), respectively, between the two surveys except BMI overweight/obesity. The odds of excess adiposity significantly increased in 2020 for central overweight/obesity (WC) (OR 2.8, 95% CI 2.0-3.6) and WHtR ≥ 0.5 (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3-2.4) and not for BMI overweight/obesity (OR 1.3, 95% CI 0.8-1.7). The prevalence of BMI overweight/obesity significantly increased from 33% in 2010 to 51.5% in 2020 in the fourth quartile of height z-score (X2 = 19.198, p < 0.001). Similarly, the prevalence of central overweight/obesity (WC) significantly increased from 23.5% in 2010 to 42.4% in 2020 in the fourth quartile of height z-score (X2 = 18.733, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Central overweight/obesity has increased more than BMI overweight/obesity over the last decade. Children with a higher height-for-age tend to accumulate more adiposity. Objective monitoring of adiposity levels and height of children is needed in future to identify groups for targeted intervention and prevention of chronic diseases.
目的:研究肥胖症测量指标的变化,并确定2010年至2020年间学龄儿童中与身高相关的过度肥胖患病率。方法:2010年(n = 1274)和2020年(n = 1550)对5-12岁城市学龄儿童进行两次横断面调查。人体测量采用标准程序。分析超重儿童BMI、腰围(WC)、腰高比(WHtR)及相应比例的变化,并根据设计变量(班级、学校类型)和年龄进行调整。根据身高z分数的四分位数和每个四分位数估计的过度肥胖患病率对儿童进行分类。结果:2010年至2020年间,调整后的平均BMI和WC分别增加了2.4%和3.3%。除BMI超重/肥胖外,中心性超重/肥胖(WC)患病率和WHtR≥0.5患病率分别增加了7.3% (x2 = 27.151, p < 0.001)和5.3% (x2 = 26.117, p < 0.001)。到2020年,中心性超重/肥胖(WC) (OR 2.8, 95% CI 2.0-3.6)和WHtR≥0.5 (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3-2.4)的过度肥胖几率显著增加,而BMI超重/肥胖(OR 1.3, 95% CI 0.8-1.7)没有增加。BMI超重/肥胖患病率从2010年的33%上升到2020年的51.5% (x2 = 19.198, p < 0.001)。同样,在身高z分数的第四个四分位数中,中心超重/肥胖(WC)的患病率从2010年的23.5%显著增加到2020年的42.4% (x2 = 18.733, p < 0.001)。结论:在过去十年中,中枢性超重/肥胖比BMI超重/肥胖增加得更多。身高与年龄之比较高的儿童往往会积累更多的脂肪。未来需要对儿童的肥胖水平和身高进行客观监测,以确定有针对性的干预和预防慢性疾病的人群。
{"title":"10-Year Changes in Adiposity in Cameroon School-Age Children: Evidence for Increasing Central Adiposity and Higher Adiposity Levels in Tallest-for-Age Children.","authors":"Lifoter K Navti, Brice U S Foudjo","doi":"10.1155/2021/6866911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6866911","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine changes in measures of adiposity and determine the prevalence of excess adiposity in relation to height in school children between 2010 and 2020.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>5-12-year-old urban school-age children participated in two cross-sectional surveys in 2010 (<i>n</i> = 1274) and 2020 (<i>n</i> = 1550). Standard procedures were used for anthropometric measurements. Changes in BMI, waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and the corresponding proportions of children with excess adiposity were analyzed and adjusted for design variables (class and school type) and age. Children were classified according to quartiles of height z-score and prevalence of excess adiposity estimated across each quartile.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a 2.4% and 3.3% increase in adjusted mean BMI and WC, respectively, between 2010 and 2020. The prevalence of central overweight/obesity (WC) and WHtR ≥ 0.5 increased by 7.3% (<i>X</i> <sup>2</sup> = 27.151, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and 5.3% (<i>X</i> <sup>2</sup> = 26.117, <i>p</i> < 0.001), respectively, between the two surveys except BMI overweight/obesity. The odds of excess adiposity significantly increased in 2020 for central overweight/obesity (WC) (OR 2.8, 95% CI 2.0-3.6) and WHtR ≥ 0.5 (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3-2.4) and not for BMI overweight/obesity (OR 1.3, 95% CI 0.8-1.7). The prevalence of BMI overweight/obesity significantly increased from 33% in 2010 to 51.5% in 2020 in the fourth quartile of height z-score (<i>X</i> <sup>2</sup> = 19.198, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Similarly, the prevalence of central overweight/obesity (WC) significantly increased from 23.5% in 2010 to 42.4% in 2020 in the fourth quartile of height z-score (<i>X</i> <sup>2</sup> = 18.733, <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Central overweight/obesity has increased more than BMI overweight/obesity over the last decade. Children with a higher height-for-age tend to accumulate more adiposity. Objective monitoring of adiposity levels and height of children is needed in future to identify groups for targeted intervention and prevention of chronic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8536440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39552456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-07eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1155/2021/6697006
Qianxia Jiang, Alison Tovar, Patricia M Risica, Kristen Cooksey Stowers, Marlene Schwartz, Caitlin Lombardi, Augustine Kang, Noereem Z Mena, Kim M Gans
Objective: The aim of the study is to examine family childcare providers' (FCCPs) attitudes and perceived barriers related to nutrition, physical activity (PA), and screen time (ST) behaviors of preschool children, exploring differences by provider ethnicity.
Design: Baseline survey data from a cluster-randomized trial. Participants. Around 168 FCCPs completed a telephone survey, and 126 completed both telephone and in-person surveys. Main Outcome Measures. Phone and in-person surveys include 44 questions to assess FCCPs attitudes and perceived barriers regarding nutrition, PA, and ST in the family childcare home. Analysis. Associations by ethnicity (Latinx vs. non-Latinx) were assessed by ANOVA, adjusting for provider education and Bonferroni correction.
Results: Some FCCP attitudes were consistent with national obesity prevention guidelines; for example, most FCCPs agreed that they have an important role in shaping children's eating and PA habits. However, many FCCPs agreed with allowing children to watch educational TV and did not agree that children should serve themselves at meals. Adjusting for education, there were statistically significant differences in attitude and perceived barrier scores by provider ethnicity. For example, Latinx FCCPs were more likely to agree that they should eat the same foods as children(p < .001) but less likely to agree that serving the food at meal and snack time is the adult's responsibility (p < .001). Latinx FCCPs were more like to perceive barriers related to children's safety playing outside (p < .001). Conclusions and Implications. While FCCPs hold some nutrition-, PA-, and ST-related attitudes consistent with national guidelines, training opportunities are needed for FCCPs to improve knowledge and skills and overcome perceived barriers related to nutrition and PA. Latinx FCCPs, in particular, may need culturally tailored training and support to overcome misperceptions and barriers.
{"title":"Ethnic Differences in Family Childcare Providers' Nutrition- and Activity-Related Attitudes and Barriers.","authors":"Qianxia Jiang, Alison Tovar, Patricia M Risica, Kristen Cooksey Stowers, Marlene Schwartz, Caitlin Lombardi, Augustine Kang, Noereem Z Mena, Kim M Gans","doi":"10.1155/2021/6697006","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2021/6697006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study is to examine family childcare providers' (FCCPs) attitudes and perceived barriers related to nutrition, physical activity (PA), and screen time (ST) behaviors of preschool children, exploring differences by provider ethnicity.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Baseline survey data from a cluster-randomized trial. <i>Participants</i>. Around 168 FCCPs completed a telephone survey, and 126 completed both telephone and in-person surveys. <i>Main Outcome Measures</i>. Phone and in-person surveys include 44 questions to assess FCCPs attitudes and perceived barriers regarding nutrition, PA, and ST in the family childcare home. <i>Analysis</i>. Associations by ethnicity (Latinx vs. non-Latinx) were assessed by ANOVA, adjusting for provider education and Bonferroni correction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Some FCCP attitudes were consistent with national obesity prevention guidelines; for example, most FCCPs agreed that they have an important role in shaping children's eating and PA habits. However, many FCCPs agreed with allowing children to watch educational TV and did not agree that children should serve themselves at meals. Adjusting for education, there were statistically significant differences in attitude and perceived barrier scores by provider ethnicity. For example, Latinx FCCPs were more likely to agree that they should eat the same foods as children(<i>p</i> < .001) but less likely to agree that serving the food at meal and snack time is the adult's responsibility (<i>p</i> < .001). Latinx FCCPs were more like to perceive barriers related to children's safety playing outside (<i>p</i> < .001). <i>Conclusions and Implications</i>. While FCCPs hold some nutrition-, PA-, and ST-related attitudes consistent with national guidelines, training opportunities are needed for FCCPs to improve knowledge and skills and overcome perceived barriers related to nutrition and PA. Latinx FCCPs, in particular, may need culturally tailored training and support to overcome misperceptions and barriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8516587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39528898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1155/2021/6616983
J Korduner, P M Nilsson, O Melander, M J Gerl, G Engström, E Bachus, M Magnusson, F Ottosson
Method: Associations between different biomarkers (proteomics, lipidomics, and metabolomics) coupled to either MHO or metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) individuals were analyzed through principal component analysis (PCA). Subjects were identified from a subsample of 416 obese individuals, selected from the Malmö Diet and Cancer study-Cardiovascular arm (MDCS-CV, n = 3,443). They were further divided into MHO (n = 143) and MUO (n = 273) defined by a history of hospitalization, or not, at baseline inclusion, and nonobese subjects (NOC, n = 3,027). Two distinctive principle components (PL2, PP5) were discovered with a significant difference and thus further investigated through their main loadings.
Results: MHO individuals had a more metabolically favorable lipid and glucose profile than MUO subjects, that is, lower levels of traditional blood glucose and triglycerides, as well as a trend of lower metabolically unfavorable lipid biomarkers. PL2 (lipidomics, p=0.02) showed stronger associations of triacylglycerides with MUO, whereas phospholipids correlated with MHO. PP5 (proteomics, p=0.01) included interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) and leptin with positive relations to MUO and galanin that correlated positively to MHO. The group differences in metabolite profiles were to a large extent explained by factors included in the metabolic syndrome.
Conclusion: Compared to MUO individuals, corresponding MHO individuals present with a more favorable lipid metabolic profile, accompanied by a downregulation of potentially harmful proteomic biomarkers. This unique and extensive biomarker profiling presents novel data on potentially differentiating traits between these two obese phenotypes.
方法:通过主成分分析(PCA)分析与MHO或代谢不健康肥胖(MUO)个体相关的不同生物标志物(蛋白质组学、脂质组学和代谢组学)之间的相关性。研究对象是从Malmö饮食与癌症研究-心血管组(MDCS-CV, n = 3,443)中选出的416名肥胖个体的亚样本中确定的。他们进一步分为MHO (n = 143)和MUO (n = 273),根据基线纳入时的住院史定义,或没有住院史,以及非肥胖受试者(NOC, n = 3027)。两个不同的主要成分(PL2, PP5)被发现具有显著差异,因此通过它们的主要负载进一步研究。结果:与MUO受试者相比,MHO个体具有更有利于代谢的脂质和葡萄糖特征,即传统血糖和甘油三酯水平较低,以及代谢不利的脂质生物标志物呈降低趋势。PL2(脂质组学,p=0.02)显示甘油三酯与MUO有较强的相关性,而磷脂与MHO相关。PP5(蛋白质组学,p=0.01)包括白细胞介素-1受体拮抗剂(IL-1ra)和瘦素(与MUO呈正相关)和丙氨酸(与MHO呈正相关)。代谢物谱的组间差异在很大程度上由代谢综合征中包含的因素解释。结论:与MUO个体相比,相应的MHO个体表现出更有利的脂质代谢特征,并伴有潜在有害蛋白质组学生物标志物的下调。这种独特而广泛的生物标志物分析提供了这两种肥胖表型之间潜在差异特征的新数据。
{"title":"Proteomic and Metabolomic Characterization of Metabolically Healthy Obesity: A Descriptive Study from a Swedish Cohort.","authors":"J Korduner, P M Nilsson, O Melander, M J Gerl, G Engström, E Bachus, M Magnusson, F Ottosson","doi":"10.1155/2021/6616983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6616983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Method: </strong>Associations between different biomarkers (proteomics, lipidomics, and metabolomics) coupled to either MHO or metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) individuals were analyzed through principal component analysis (PCA). Subjects were identified from a subsample of 416 obese individuals, selected from the Malmö Diet and Cancer study-Cardiovascular arm (MDCS-CV, <i>n</i> = 3,443). They were further divided into MHO (<i>n</i> = 143) and MUO (<i>n</i> = 273) defined by a history of hospitalization, or not, at baseline inclusion, and nonobese subjects (NOC, <i>n</i> = 3,027). Two distinctive principle components (PL2, PP5) were discovered with a significant difference and thus further investigated through their main loadings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MHO individuals had a more metabolically favorable lipid and glucose profile than MUO subjects, that is, lower levels of traditional blood glucose and triglycerides, as well as a trend of lower metabolically unfavorable lipid biomarkers. PL2 (lipidomics, <i>p</i>=0.02) showed stronger associations of triacylglycerides with MUO, whereas phospholipids correlated with MHO. PP5 (proteomics, <i>p</i>=0.01) included interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) and leptin with positive relations to MUO and galanin that correlated positively to MHO. The group differences in metabolite profiles were to a large extent explained by factors included in the metabolic syndrome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared to MUO individuals, corresponding MHO individuals present with a more favorable lipid metabolic profile, accompanied by a downregulation of potentially harmful proteomic biomarkers. This unique and extensive biomarker profiling presents novel data on potentially differentiating traits between these two obese phenotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8514926/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39528896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-30eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1155/2021/1578653
Adnan Kemal, Mohammed Ahmed, Melese Sinaga Teshome, Kalkidan Hassen Abate
Background: Similar to the general population, the prevalence of central obesity is increasing among HIV-infected persons. There are little data on the burden of abdominal obesity using the waist-to-hip ratio measurement in HIV-infected patients in resource-limited settings, including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of central obesity among HIV patients taking ART in an armed force comprehensive and specialized hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2018. A systematic sampling method was used to select 353 study participants. Pretested World Health Organization stepwise questionnaire, document review, and anthropometric and biochemical measurements were used to collect data on different variables under the study. The collected data were entered into EpiData version 3 and analyzed by SPSS version 21. An adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI was considered to declare a statistically significant association.
Results: The prevalence of central obesity in this study was 71.7% (95% CI: 67%-76.4%). Besides, the odds of central obesity were associated with being female (AOR: 85.6; 95% CI: 20.09, 364.6), among merchants (AOR: 18.8; 95% CI: 1.39, 255.7), CD4 count <200 cells/mm3 (AOR: 0.03; 95% CI: 0.007, 0.160), among respondents taking AZT + 3TC + EFV-based ART regimen (AOR: 8.73; 95% CI: 1.33, 57.17), ABC + 3TC + ATV/r-based regimen (AOR: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.94), increased BMI (AOR: 3.50; 95% CI: 1.36, 3.89), and abnormal blood pressure (AOR: 2.53; 95%: 1.13, 5.67).
Conclusion: It is possible to conclude that central obesity is a huge public health problem among the HIV-infected population in the study area. Being female, increased BMI, low CD4 count, AZT + 3TC + EFV, ABC + 3TC + ATV/r-based regimen, and abnormal blood pressure were associated with central obesity. Therefore, adequate attention must be paid to primary and secondary control of these factors to reduce the prevalence of abdominal obesity among HIV-infected patients.
{"title":"Central Obesity and Associated Factors among Adult Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in Armed Force Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.","authors":"Adnan Kemal, Mohammed Ahmed, Melese Sinaga Teshome, Kalkidan Hassen Abate","doi":"10.1155/2021/1578653","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2021/1578653","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Similar to the general population, the prevalence of central obesity is increasing among HIV-infected persons. There are little data on the burden of abdominal obesity using the waist-to-hip ratio measurement in HIV-infected patients in resource-limited settings, including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of central obesity among HIV patients taking ART in an armed force comprehensive and specialized hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2018. A systematic sampling method was used to select 353 study participants. Pretested World Health Organization stepwise questionnaire, document review, and anthropometric and biochemical measurements were used to collect data on different variables under the study. The collected data were entered into EpiData version 3 and analyzed by SPSS version 21. An adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI was considered to declare a statistically significant association.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of central obesity in this study was 71.7% (95% CI: 67%-76.4%). Besides, the odds of central obesity were associated with being female (AOR: 85.6; 95% CI: 20.09, 364.6), among merchants (AOR: 18.8; 95% CI: 1.39, 255.7), CD4 count <200 cells/mm<sup>3</sup> (AOR: 0.03; 95% CI: 0.007, 0.160), among respondents taking AZT + 3TC + EFV-based ART regimen (AOR: 8.73; 95% CI: 1.33, 57.17), ABC + 3TC + ATV/r-based regimen (AOR: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.94), increased BMI (AOR: 3.50; 95% CI: 1.36, 3.89), and abnormal blood pressure (AOR: 2.53; 95%: 1.13, 5.67).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is possible to conclude that central obesity is a huge public health problem among the HIV-infected population in the study area. Being female, increased BMI, low CD4 count, AZT + 3TC + EFV, ABC + 3TC + ATV/r-based regimen, and abnormal blood pressure were associated with central obesity. Therefore, adequate attention must be paid to primary and secondary control of these factors to reduce the prevalence of abdominal obesity among HIV-infected patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8423545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10224263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-21eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1155/2021/8861386
Svenja Prill, Carmen Henning, Stefanie Schroeder, Sabine Steins-Loeber, Jörg Wolstein
Obesity is classified as a chronic disease. Women and men seem to face different obstacles in their attempts to overcome one of the most challenging tasks in the treatment of this disease, namely, weight reduction maintenance. The Common-Sense-Model (CSM) is mainly used to improve the understanding of self-regulation and health behaviour in chronic diseases but has yet to be explored for obesity. This paper applies the CSM to obesity, focussing on the construct of illness representations, which is the basis of health behaviour according to the CSM. A sample of n = 356 women and n = 77 men with obesity was investigated to assess the extent that illness representations in obesity are shaped by experiences of weight-cycling and the extent that gender influences their quality. Our results show that the representations of timeline and consequences as well as the emotional representation are particularly influenced by weight-cycling, especially in men. On average, women showed more maladaptive illness representations than men. These findings not only contribute to a better applicability of the CSM in obesity, but also emphasize the importance of gender in obesity research and interventions.
{"title":"Does Weight-Cycling Influence Illness Beliefs in Obesity? A Gender-Sensitive Approach.","authors":"Svenja Prill, Carmen Henning, Stefanie Schroeder, Sabine Steins-Loeber, Jörg Wolstein","doi":"10.1155/2021/8861386","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2021/8861386","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is classified as a chronic disease. Women and men seem to face different obstacles in their attempts to overcome one of the most challenging tasks in the treatment of this disease, namely, weight reduction maintenance. The Common-Sense-Model (CSM) is mainly used to improve the understanding of self-regulation and health behaviour in chronic diseases but has yet to be explored for obesity. This paper applies the CSM to obesity, focussing on the construct of illness representations, which is the basis of health behaviour according to the CSM. A sample of <i>n</i> = 356 women and <i>n</i> = 77 men with obesity was investigated to assess the extent that illness representations in obesity are shaped by experiences of weight-cycling and the extent that gender influences their quality. Our results show that the representations of timeline and consequences as well as the emotional representation are particularly influenced by weight-cycling, especially in men. On average, women showed more maladaptive illness representations than men. These findings not only contribute to a better applicability of the CSM in obesity, but also emphasize the importance of gender in obesity research and interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2021-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8405317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39377100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-13eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1155/2021/3620147
Sue-Ling Chang, André Tchernof, Francine Durocher, Caroline Diorio
Background: Mechanisms underlying the obesity-breast cancer link involve inflammation but need to be elucidated. Determining obesity by combining body mass index (BMI) with the waist circumference (WC) may clarify the role of inflammatory and hormonally related markers in breast cancer. We examined the effect of combining adiposity indices (BMI/WC) with the gene expression of several biomarkers involved in breast cancer.
Methods: Expression of cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1 (CYP19A1), estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-α), allograft inflammatory factor 1 (AIF1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and leptin (LEP) in 141 adipose breast tissues was quantified using qPCR method. BMI and WC were measured by a trained nurse and categorized using the median split, BMILOWCLO, BMILOWCHI, BMIHIWCLO, and BMIHIWCHI.
Results: Gene expression of IL-6 (3-fold), TNF-α (2-fold), and LEP (2-fold) was higher in the breast adipose tissue of women with high WC regardless of BMI, that is, BMILOWCHI and BMIHIWCHI women (all P < 0.01). Compared to BMILOWCLO women, gene expression of CYP19A1, COX2, and AIF1 was increased by two-fold in breast adipose tissue of BMIHIWCHI women (P < 0.10). ER-α was not different across adiposity categories.
Conclusions: The expression of some biomarkers, particularly those related to inflammation, is elevated in breast adipose tissue of women with a high WC independent of BMI. Obesity monitoring should also include women with normal or low BMI, but with central adiposity.
{"title":"Associations of Biomarkers of Inflammation and Breast Cancer in the Breast Adipose Tissue of Women with Combined Measures of Adiposity.","authors":"Sue-Ling Chang, André Tchernof, Francine Durocher, Caroline Diorio","doi":"10.1155/2021/3620147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/3620147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mechanisms underlying the obesity-breast cancer link involve inflammation but need to be elucidated. Determining obesity by combining body mass index (BMI) with the waist circumference (WC) may clarify the role of inflammatory and hormonally related markers in breast cancer. We examined the effect of combining adiposity indices (BMI/WC) with the gene expression of several biomarkers involved in breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Expression of cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1 (CYP19A1), estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-<i>α</i>), allograft inflammatory factor 1 (AIF1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-<i>α</i>), and leptin (LEP) in 141 adipose breast tissues was quantified using qPCR method. BMI and WC were measured by a trained nurse and categorized using the median split, BMI<sup>LO</sup>WC<sup>LO</sup>, BMI<sup>LO</sup>WC<sup>HI</sup>, BMI<sup>HI</sup>WC<sup>LO</sup>, and BMI<sup>HI</sup>WC<sup>HI</sup>.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gene expression of IL-6 (3-fold), TNF-<i>α</i> (2-fold), and LEP (2-fold) was higher in the breast adipose tissue of women with high WC regardless of BMI, that is, BMI<sup>LO</sup>WC<sup>HI</sup> and BMI<sup>HI</sup>WC<sup>HI</sup> women (all <i>P</i> < 0.01). Compared to BMI<sup>LO</sup>WC<sup>LO</sup> women, gene expression of CYP19A1, COX2, and AIF1 was increased by two-fold in breast adipose tissue of BMI<sup>HI</sup>WC<sup>HI</sup> women (<i>P</i> < 0.10). ER-<i>α</i> was not different across adiposity categories.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The expression of some biomarkers, particularly those related to inflammation, is elevated in breast adipose tissue of women with a high WC independent of BMI. Obesity monitoring should also include women with normal or low BMI, but with central adiposity.</p>","PeriodicalId":16628,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8380177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39340595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}