Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jofs.jofs_139_19
T. Rooban, Immanuel Joseph, S. Preetha, Joshua Elizabeth, Umadevi Krishna Rao, K. Ranganathan
Introduction: Head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) is a common cancer worldwide. It has been associated with TP53 mutation and chronic inflammation. The control genes of inflammation, Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily (TNFRSF) in HNSCC has not been widely reported. The impact of the TNFRSF and survival and cell death regulation signalling (SCDRS) can be studied at protein, gene, mRNA and transcription level. In this manuscript, the association of mRNA of TNFRSF and SCDRS genes in treatment naïve HNSCC with TP53 mutation is studied. Materials and Methods: TP53 mutation, tobacco use and mRNA levels of TNFRSF and SCDRS genes of 520 HNSCC cases were collated and analysed. Statistical and differential expression (DE) analysis was performed. Results: A total of 12 genes of the 51 genes studied were DE between TP53 subgroups. They were SCDRS genes (BAD, CASP9, GSK3B, NFKB2, TGFBR1, TGFBR2) and TNFRSF genes (TNFRSF10A/11B/14/25/6B/9). The network analysis and subsequent KEGG pathway analysis identified several key pathways including vital cancer pathways and transcriptional pathways in cancer. The key genes in the network that modulate TNFRSF and SCDRS mRNA expression in wild and mutant TP53 situation are presented. Conclusion: The present work identified certain key TNFRSF and SCDRS mRNAs that could differ based on TP53 status and count with tobacco use. Also this study identified certain pathways where the gene network could potentially alter the HNSCC progression, treatment response and prognosis. This adds to our knowledge of TP53 and inflammation in HNSCC carcinogenesis.
{"title":"Study on TNFRSF mRNA Alterations and P53 Mutation in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma","authors":"T. Rooban, Immanuel Joseph, S. Preetha, Joshua Elizabeth, Umadevi Krishna Rao, K. Ranganathan","doi":"10.4103/jofs.jofs_139_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jofs.jofs_139_19","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) is a common cancer worldwide. It has been associated with TP53 mutation and chronic inflammation. The control genes of inflammation, Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily (TNFRSF) in HNSCC has not been widely reported. The impact of the TNFRSF and survival and cell death regulation signalling (SCDRS) can be studied at protein, gene, mRNA and transcription level. In this manuscript, the association of mRNA of TNFRSF and SCDRS genes in treatment naïve HNSCC with TP53 mutation is studied. Materials and Methods: TP53 mutation, tobacco use and mRNA levels of TNFRSF and SCDRS genes of 520 HNSCC cases were collated and analysed. Statistical and differential expression (DE) analysis was performed. Results: A total of 12 genes of the 51 genes studied were DE between TP53 subgroups. They were SCDRS genes (BAD, CASP9, GSK3B, NFKB2, TGFBR1, TGFBR2) and TNFRSF genes (TNFRSF10A/11B/14/25/6B/9). The network analysis and subsequent KEGG pathway analysis identified several key pathways including vital cancer pathways and transcriptional pathways in cancer. The key genes in the network that modulate TNFRSF and SCDRS mRNA expression in wild and mutant TP53 situation are presented. Conclusion: The present work identified certain key TNFRSF and SCDRS mRNAs that could differ based on TP53 status and count with tobacco use. Also this study identified certain pathways where the gene network could potentially alter the HNSCC progression, treatment response and prognosis. This adds to our knowledge of TP53 and inflammation in HNSCC carcinogenesis.","PeriodicalId":16651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"13 - 23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45857241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maxillary sinus hypoplasia (MSH) is a rare condition characterized by underdevelopment or decrease in the volume of the maxillary sinus. It is thought that MSH may be embryological in origin but acquired etiologies have also been discussed in the literature. MSH is usually detected upon radiographic examination of the maxillofacial area. Three types have been described based on variations in sinus anatomy. A case of bilateral maxillary sinus hypoplasia with concurrent hemimandibular hypertrophy is presented, and pertinent clinical and cone beam computed tomography findings are reported.
{"title":"Cone Beam CT Evaluation of Bilateral Maxillary Sinus Hypoplasia with Unilateral Mandibular Hypertrophy","authors":"M. Bindakhil, M. Mupparapu","doi":"10.4103/jofs.jofs_66_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jofs.jofs_66_19","url":null,"abstract":"Maxillary sinus hypoplasia (MSH) is a rare condition characterized by underdevelopment or decrease in the volume of the maxillary sinus. It is thought that MSH may be embryological in origin but acquired etiologies have also been discussed in the literature. MSH is usually detected upon radiographic examination of the maxillofacial area. Three types have been described based on variations in sinus anatomy. A case of bilateral maxillary sinus hypoplasia with concurrent hemimandibular hypertrophy is presented, and pertinent clinical and cone beam computed tomography findings are reported.","PeriodicalId":16651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"61 - 63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47380679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Chandu, V. Mullapudi, Srinivas Pachava, V. Viswanath
Introduction: Majority of rural dental outreach programs focus on screening the subjects attending the programs and providing oral health education for them. There has only been limited emphasis on the provision of care as a part of the outreach activities for the geographically disadvantaged rural population. The objective of this study is to check whether the basic clinical data as collected in the form of number of decayed teeth can be a valid and reliable predictor in calculation of requisite time for provision of restorative services by developing a predicting equation from the data obtained on 400 subjects in outreach activities and subsequently testing the predicting general linear equation for predictive accuracy. Materials and Methods: The number of decayed teeth in each of the participants was recorded along with collection of demographic data from the study participants. Data obtained from the 400 participants was used to generate a predicting equation after running a backward stepwise multiple linear regression. The equation was subsequently tested among a subsample of 200 participants from the exploratory sample and an independent validatory sample of 200. SPSS version 20 software, multiple linear regression, Wilcoxon signed rank test, Mann Whitney U test were used in data analysis. Results: Number of decayed teeth was observed to be a single, significant predictor of the man hours required in provision of restorative care. The predicting equation generated had good predictive accuracy and predictive stability as observed from the non-significant differences between the requisite time calculated using the predicting equation and that clinically determined by the calibrated examiner among both the subsample of exploratory sample and the validatory sample. Conclusion: The predicting equation generated in this study accurately and consistently estimated the requisite man hours necessary for provision of restorative oral health care in outreach programs.
{"title":"Aspiring a Paradigm Shift in the Current Understanding of Oral Health Promotion by Testing the Possibility of Deriving Requisite Manpower Using Basic Clinical Data: An Epidemiological Investigation","authors":"V. Chandu, V. Mullapudi, Srinivas Pachava, V. Viswanath","doi":"10.4103/jofs.jofs_28_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jofs.jofs_28_20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Majority of rural dental outreach programs focus on screening the subjects attending the programs and providing oral health education for them. There has only been limited emphasis on the provision of care as a part of the outreach activities for the geographically disadvantaged rural population. The objective of this study is to check whether the basic clinical data as collected in the form of number of decayed teeth can be a valid and reliable predictor in calculation of requisite time for provision of restorative services by developing a predicting equation from the data obtained on 400 subjects in outreach activities and subsequently testing the predicting general linear equation for predictive accuracy. Materials and Methods: The number of decayed teeth in each of the participants was recorded along with collection of demographic data from the study participants. Data obtained from the 400 participants was used to generate a predicting equation after running a backward stepwise multiple linear regression. The equation was subsequently tested among a subsample of 200 participants from the exploratory sample and an independent validatory sample of 200. SPSS version 20 software, multiple linear regression, Wilcoxon signed rank test, Mann Whitney U test were used in data analysis. Results: Number of decayed teeth was observed to be a single, significant predictor of the man hours required in provision of restorative care. The predicting equation generated had good predictive accuracy and predictive stability as observed from the non-significant differences between the requisite time calculated using the predicting equation and that clinically determined by the calibrated examiner among both the subsample of exploratory sample and the validatory sample. Conclusion: The predicting equation generated in this study accurately and consistently estimated the requisite man hours necessary for provision of restorative oral health care in outreach programs.","PeriodicalId":16651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"9 - 12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46597281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Oral Medicine Achieves Specialty Recognition by the American Dental Association","authors":"E. Stoopler","doi":"10.4103/jofs.jofs_40_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jofs.jofs_40_20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"1 - 2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41633096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Al-Khatib, Lamiaa A. Hasan, M. Alrawi, E. Alhajar
Introduction: The asymmetry of mandibular ascending ramus leads to serious orthodontic problems in the dentofacial complex. This study was aimed to assess the effects of gender bone properties difference on biomechanics of distraction osteogenesis that used for ascending ramus lengthening with different forces. Materials and Methods: A 3D mandibular model was constructed and an oblique osteotomy line was made. The force was applied perpendicular to the osteotomy line in a bidirectional manner with three different distraction rates (5 mm, 10 mm and 15 mm). Results: Male and female models showed the same maximum Von Mises stress value and the same distribution with the same force, the maximum stress value for 5mm, 10mm and 15mm rates were greater than the ultimate tensile stress for the human bone. The displacement within the three rates in X, Y and Z directions was higher for male than female. The displacements in all three directions were more prominent in the mandibular chin area. Conclusion: No gender difference in stress values and distribution with more anterior displacement in male than female. This site of distraction results in forward and anti-clockwise rotation of the mandible resulting in reducing anterior facial height.
{"title":"A Finite Element Analysis of Biomechanics in Distraction Osteogenesis of Ascending Ramus Lengthening between Males and Females—A Comparative Study","authors":"A. Al-Khatib, Lamiaa A. Hasan, M. Alrawi, E. Alhajar","doi":"10.4103/jofs.jofs_97_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jofs.jofs_97_19","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The asymmetry of mandibular ascending ramus leads to serious orthodontic problems in the dentofacial complex. This study was aimed to assess the effects of gender bone properties difference on biomechanics of distraction osteogenesis that used for ascending ramus lengthening with different forces. Materials and Methods: A 3D mandibular model was constructed and an oblique osteotomy line was made. The force was applied perpendicular to the osteotomy line in a bidirectional manner with three different distraction rates (5 mm, 10 mm and 15 mm). Results: Male and female models showed the same maximum Von Mises stress value and the same distribution with the same force, the maximum stress value for 5mm, 10mm and 15mm rates were greater than the ultimate tensile stress for the human bone. The displacement within the three rates in X, Y and Z directions was higher for male than female. The displacements in all three directions were more prominent in the mandibular chin area. Conclusion: No gender difference in stress values and distribution with more anterior displacement in male than female. This site of distraction results in forward and anti-clockwise rotation of the mandible resulting in reducing anterior facial height.","PeriodicalId":16651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"41 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47787002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: This study evaluates the trends in the disinfection of the dental X-ray machines in North American dental schools. The methods of disinfection were compared to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines. Materials and Methods: A survey posed the question of whether plastic barrier wrap, bag, disinfecting wipes, or a combination were used for infection control of the tube head. Additional information was gathered from the dental schools’ infection policy guides and clinic manuals available online. Results: Of the forty-two Canadian and US dental schools surveyed, 24% used disinfectant wipes, 19% used bags, 19% used plastic surface barriers, and 38% used a combination. Conclusion: The majority of schools used a combination of the three methods, and all institutions abided by the CDC guidelines. As bags are more cumbersome to use with a rectangular collimator, wipes and barriers are arguably better methods to disinfect the X-ray tube head.
{"title":"Disinfection Trends of Dental X-ray Machines in North American Dental Schools","authors":"M. Mupparapu, Angela D Lo","doi":"10.4103/jofs.jofs_39_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jofs.jofs_39_20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This study evaluates the trends in the disinfection of the dental X-ray machines in North American dental schools. The methods of disinfection were compared to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines. Materials and Methods: A survey posed the question of whether plastic barrier wrap, bag, disinfecting wipes, or a combination were used for infection control of the tube head. Additional information was gathered from the dental schools’ infection policy guides and clinic manuals available online. Results: Of the forty-two Canadian and US dental schools surveyed, 24% used disinfectant wipes, 19% used bags, 19% used plastic surface barriers, and 38% used a combination. Conclusion: The majority of schools used a combination of the three methods, and all institutions abided by the CDC guidelines. As bags are more cumbersome to use with a rectangular collimator, wipes and barriers are arguably better methods to disinfect the X-ray tube head.","PeriodicalId":16651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"3 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70814082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jofs.jofs_149_19
D. Reddy, V. Vineetha, Dodla Alekya, M. Sameevulla, N. Reddy, D. Babu
Introduction: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the role of Midkine in periodontal disease progression and also to investigate the effect of periodontal therapy on Midkine concentration in serum and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). Materials and Methods: Clinical parameters including gingival index, pocket probing depth, clinical attachment level were recorded for 60 subjects divided into four equal groups Group I (healthy), Group II (gingivitis), Group III (chronic periodontitis), and Group IV (post treatment group). Scaling and root planning were performed and GCF and serum were collected initially and after 8 weeks of treatment. Midkine levels were estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The mean Midkine concentration in GCF and serum was found to be the highest in group III, and significantly defers from group-I, II, and IV. The results of present study also suggest that Midkine levels increased progressively in GCF and serum from healthy to periodontitis subjects and levels decreased considerably after scaling and root planning. Conclusion: As the periodontal disease progresses, there is a substantial increase of Midkine concentrations in serum and GCF. The data indicate that high GCF and serum levels of Midkine are at significantly greater risk for progression of periodontitis However, controlled, longitudinal studies are needed to confirm this possibility.
{"title":"“Estimation of Midkine Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Serum in Periodontal Health, Disease and After Treatment” − A Clinico Biochemical Study","authors":"D. Reddy, V. Vineetha, Dodla Alekya, M. Sameevulla, N. Reddy, D. Babu","doi":"10.4103/jofs.jofs_149_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jofs.jofs_149_19","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the role of Midkine in periodontal disease progression and also to investigate the effect of periodontal therapy on Midkine concentration in serum and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). Materials and Methods: Clinical parameters including gingival index, pocket probing depth, clinical attachment level were recorded for 60 subjects divided into four equal groups Group I (healthy), Group II (gingivitis), Group III (chronic periodontitis), and Group IV (post treatment group). Scaling and root planning were performed and GCF and serum were collected initially and after 8 weeks of treatment. Midkine levels were estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The mean Midkine concentration in GCF and serum was found to be the highest in group III, and significantly defers from group-I, II, and IV. The results of present study also suggest that Midkine levels increased progressively in GCF and serum from healthy to periodontitis subjects and levels decreased considerably after scaling and root planning. Conclusion: As the periodontal disease progresses, there is a substantial increase of Midkine concentrations in serum and GCF. The data indicate that high GCF and serum levels of Midkine are at significantly greater risk for progression of periodontitis However, controlled, longitudinal studies are needed to confirm this possibility.","PeriodicalId":16651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"110 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46339121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Puteri Nazirah Megat Badarul Hisham, I. Narmada, A. Alida, Dwi Rahmawati, A. Nugraha, N. Putranti
Introduction: The vitamin D effect on orthodontic tooth movement in pregnant women remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the post administration of vitamin D effect on osteoblast numbers and bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) expression in the tension side in pregnant rats during orthodontic tooth movement. Materials and Methods: This study was an in vivo animal experiment; 28 healthy female Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) (16–20 weeks’ old) were divided into four groups, with or without intramuscular administration of vitamin D, which were to be observed after 7 and 14 days. Pregnancy was induced with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin. Nickel–titanium coil springs with 30 g/mm2 of force were connected between the right maxillary incisors and the right maxillary first molar. After 7 and 14 days, the animals were sacrificed. Statistical Analysis Used: Analysis of variance with post hoc test (P < 0.05) was performed based on the results of a Levene’s test and a Kolmogorov–Smirnov test (P > 0.05). Results: The highest number of osteoblasts occurred in the C-7 group with mean ± standard deviation of 20.54 ± 8.4. Statistically significant differences were seen in decreased osteoblast number between groups (P = 0.001, P < 0.05). The highest BALP expression was in the E-7 group (3.40 ± 1.625). Nevertheless, no statistically significant difference was observed between the groups (P = 0.240, P > 0.05) in the expression of BALP. Conclusion: The post administration of vitamin D during orthodontic tooth movement in pregnant rats produced no significant enhancement on BALP expression and osteoblast number.
{"title":"Effects of Vitamin D in Alveolar Bone Remodeling on Osteoblast Numbers and Bone Alkaline Phosphatase Expression in Pregnant Rats During Orthodontic Tooth Movement","authors":"Puteri Nazirah Megat Badarul Hisham, I. Narmada, A. Alida, Dwi Rahmawati, A. Nugraha, N. Putranti","doi":"10.4103/jofs.jofs_10_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jofs.jofs_10_19","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The vitamin D effect on orthodontic tooth movement in pregnant women remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the post administration of vitamin D effect on osteoblast numbers and bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) expression in the tension side in pregnant rats during orthodontic tooth movement. Materials and Methods: This study was an in vivo animal experiment; 28 healthy female Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) (16–20 weeks’ old) were divided into four groups, with or without intramuscular administration of vitamin D, which were to be observed after 7 and 14 days. Pregnancy was induced with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin. Nickel–titanium coil springs with 30 g/mm2 of force were connected between the right maxillary incisors and the right maxillary first molar. After 7 and 14 days, the animals were sacrificed. Statistical Analysis Used: Analysis of variance with post hoc test (P < 0.05) was performed based on the results of a Levene’s test and a Kolmogorov–Smirnov test (P > 0.05). Results: The highest number of osteoblasts occurred in the C-7 group with mean ± standard deviation of 20.54 ± 8.4. Statistically significant differences were seen in decreased osteoblast number between groups (P = 0.001, P < 0.05). The highest BALP expression was in the E-7 group (3.40 ± 1.625). Nevertheless, no statistically significant difference was observed between the groups (P = 0.240, P > 0.05) in the expression of BALP. Conclusion: The post administration of vitamin D during orthodontic tooth movement in pregnant rats produced no significant enhancement on BALP expression and osteoblast number.","PeriodicalId":16651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"79 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47960522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jofs.jofs_115_19
B. S. Thomas, M. Alexander, M. NurSulwana, H. Yap
Introduction: Dental education, like most fields of healthcare education, embraces all three domains of learning − cognitive, psychomotor and affective. The aim of this study was to determine whether computer-assisted learning (CAL) can replace face-to-face teaching with reference to acquiring theoretical as well as practical skills in periodontal charting in dentistry. Material and Methods: A total of 70 year 4 dental students were randomly assigned to CAL and Small Group Tutorial (SGT) groups. Following the sessions, they underwent theoretical knowledge as well as practical skills evaluation tests. Pre- and post-tests Confidence Log Questionnaires (CLQ) were completed by the students. Results: CAL and SGT were equally effective from the theoretical knowledge aspect. SGT group did better in some aspects of practical skills acquisition. Conclusion: There was no statistical difference in the theoretical knowledge acquired by the different methods, whereas small group teaching was more effective in gaining certain psychomotor skills in periodontal charting, leading us to conclude that face-to-face teaching seems to be having an upper hand when it comes to teaching periodontal charting.
{"title":"Computer-Assisted Learning vs. Small Group Tutorials in Periodontal Charting: A Randomized Controlled Trial in a Malaysian Dental School","authors":"B. S. Thomas, M. Alexander, M. NurSulwana, H. Yap","doi":"10.4103/jofs.jofs_115_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jofs.jofs_115_19","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Dental education, like most fields of healthcare education, embraces all three domains of learning − cognitive, psychomotor and affective. The aim of this study was to determine whether computer-assisted learning (CAL) can replace face-to-face teaching with reference to acquiring theoretical as well as practical skills in periodontal charting in dentistry. Material and Methods: A total of 70 year 4 dental students were randomly assigned to CAL and Small Group Tutorial (SGT) groups. Following the sessions, they underwent theoretical knowledge as well as practical skills evaluation tests. Pre- and post-tests Confidence Log Questionnaires (CLQ) were completed by the students. Results: CAL and SGT were equally effective from the theoretical knowledge aspect. SGT group did better in some aspects of practical skills acquisition. Conclusion: There was no statistical difference in the theoretical knowledge acquired by the different methods, whereas small group teaching was more effective in gaining certain psychomotor skills in periodontal charting, leading us to conclude that face-to-face teaching seems to be having an upper hand when it comes to teaching periodontal charting.","PeriodicalId":16651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"100 - 104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49563009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Immanuel Joseph, T. Rooban, Joshua Elizabeth, Umadevi Krishna Rao, K. Ranganathan
Introduction: Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) accounts for 1% of all head and neck cancers and 10% to 22% of all malignant tumors of the salivary glands. ACC is associated with MYB- nuclear factor I/B-type (NFIB) gene fusion in about 50% of the cases. The genetic alteration (GA) landscape of ACC of head and neck region in this aspect has not been much studied, mainly due to small cohorts. We aim to describe the GA landscape of MYB-NFIB gene fusions, copy number alterations, and mutations of the related gene MYBL1 in human ACC by studying its association with regard to demographics and histopathological parameters. Materials and Methods: Using the GA data of ACC from a peer-reviewed web portal, we studied the presence of MYB-NFIB gene fusion with respect to age and gender distribution, site involved (major/minor salivary gland, lacrimal gland, cancer metastasis, others), histopathological diagnosis, perineural invasion (PNI), and the overall number of mutations. Descriptive statistics and Chi square test were performed. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 23. The mutation counts between the type of gene fusions involved and the gender of patients was studied using analysis of variance tests. Results: Of the 214 reported ACC cases, 65 (30%) cases had MYB-NFIB fusion alone, 15 (7%) other had rare fusions, and 12 (6%) other had GAs. Perineural invasion was found to be associated with MYB gene fusion cases with or without copy number alterations (P = 0.022). The number of mutations were significantly associated with the gender of patient (P = 0.003) and NFIB gene fusions (P = 0.001). The other factors had no statistical significance. Conclusion: MYB-NFIB gene fusion and associated GA correlates with perineural involvement in ACC.
{"title":"Genomic Alterations Landscape in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of Head and Neck","authors":"Immanuel Joseph, T. Rooban, Joshua Elizabeth, Umadevi Krishna Rao, K. Ranganathan","doi":"10.4103/jofs.jofs_40_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jofs.jofs_40_19","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) accounts for 1% of all head and neck cancers and 10% to 22% of all malignant tumors of the salivary glands. ACC is associated with MYB- nuclear factor I/B-type (NFIB) gene fusion in about 50% of the cases. The genetic alteration (GA) landscape of ACC of head and neck region in this aspect has not been much studied, mainly due to small cohorts. We aim to describe the GA landscape of MYB-NFIB gene fusions, copy number alterations, and mutations of the related gene MYBL1 in human ACC by studying its association with regard to demographics and histopathological parameters. Materials and Methods: Using the GA data of ACC from a peer-reviewed web portal, we studied the presence of MYB-NFIB gene fusion with respect to age and gender distribution, site involved (major/minor salivary gland, lacrimal gland, cancer metastasis, others), histopathological diagnosis, perineural invasion (PNI), and the overall number of mutations. Descriptive statistics and Chi square test were performed. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 23. The mutation counts between the type of gene fusions involved and the gender of patients was studied using analysis of variance tests. Results: Of the 214 reported ACC cases, 65 (30%) cases had MYB-NFIB fusion alone, 15 (7%) other had rare fusions, and 12 (6%) other had GAs. Perineural invasion was found to be associated with MYB gene fusion cases with or without copy number alterations (P = 0.022). The number of mutations were significantly associated with the gender of patient (P = 0.003) and NFIB gene fusions (P = 0.001). The other factors had no statistical significance. Conclusion: MYB-NFIB gene fusion and associated GA correlates with perineural involvement in ACC.","PeriodicalId":16651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"73 - 78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43957931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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