Pub Date : 2021-06-11DOI: 10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31A31675
Narayana Goruntla, Krishna Yasaswini Nitturi, Krishnapriya Pujari, L. Jayanthi, V. R. Gurram, K. Veerabhadrappa, Pradeepkumar Bhupalam
Aims: The study aims to evaluate the performance of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) global trigger tool in the identification of adverse drug events. Study design: Prospective observational study. Place and duration of study: The study was conducted in a General Medicine department of a Original research Article Goruntla et al.; JPRI, 33(31A): 146-156, 2021; Article no.JPRI.69737 147 secondary care referral hospital located in rural, resource-limited settings of Bathalapalli, Anantapur district, Andhra Pradesh, India. The study was conducted for a period of six months, from June 2019 to November 2019. Methodology: A pre-designed data collection form was used to collect the data from the study participants. The required data was obtained from the patient case sheet, lab reports, treatment charts, daily nursing notes, daily physician notes, and direct patient interviews. The global trigger tool developed by IHI was used for the rapid review of inpatient medical records and to generate clues for the identification of ADEs. Descriptive statistics were used to represent the findings of demographics, clinical characteristics, ADE profiles, IHI triggers, and clinical alterations. ADE incidence was shown in a measure of ADE per 1000 patient days. IHI global trigger tool performance in detecting ADE was measured by sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value. Results: A total of 192 patients were enrolled in the study. Among them, 225 triggers and 123 ADEs were detected. The incidence of ADEs in the inpatients estimated by the IHI method was estimated as; 20.2 ADEs per 1000 patient days,64.0ADEs per 100 admissions, 56.2percent of admissions with ADE. Majority of ADEs are shown possible relationship with drug (60; 48.7%), level-2 severity (49; 39.8%), and not preventable (52; 42.2%). Most IHI global triggers showed high sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for detecting ADEs. Conclusion: The study shows that most of the triggers in the IHI Trigger tool have shown good accuracy in identifying ADEs. Thus, using the IHI Trigger Tool to identify ADEs can help to improve patient safety. Therefore, the study recommends incorporating IHI global trigger tool in routine, conventional ADE screening techniques to improve the detection rate and promote drug safety.
{"title":"Evaluation of Performance of IHI Global Trigger Tool in Identification of Adverse Drug Events: A Prospective Observational Study","authors":"Narayana Goruntla, Krishna Yasaswini Nitturi, Krishnapriya Pujari, L. Jayanthi, V. R. Gurram, K. Veerabhadrappa, Pradeepkumar Bhupalam","doi":"10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31A31675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31A31675","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The study aims to evaluate the performance of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) global trigger tool in the identification of adverse drug events. Study design: Prospective observational study. Place and duration of study: The study was conducted in a General Medicine department of a Original research Article Goruntla et al.; JPRI, 33(31A): 146-156, 2021; Article no.JPRI.69737 147 secondary care referral hospital located in rural, resource-limited settings of Bathalapalli, Anantapur district, Andhra Pradesh, India. The study was conducted for a period of six months, from June 2019 to November 2019. Methodology: A pre-designed data collection form was used to collect the data from the study participants. The required data was obtained from the patient case sheet, lab reports, treatment charts, daily nursing notes, daily physician notes, and direct patient interviews. The global trigger tool developed by IHI was used for the rapid review of inpatient medical records and to generate clues for the identification of ADEs. Descriptive statistics were used to represent the findings of demographics, clinical characteristics, ADE profiles, IHI triggers, and clinical alterations. ADE incidence was shown in a measure of ADE per 1000 patient days. IHI global trigger tool performance in detecting ADE was measured by sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value. Results: A total of 192 patients were enrolled in the study. Among them, 225 triggers and 123 ADEs were detected. The incidence of ADEs in the inpatients estimated by the IHI method was estimated as; 20.2 ADEs per 1000 patient days,64.0ADEs per 100 admissions, 56.2percent of admissions with ADE. Majority of ADEs are shown possible relationship with drug (60; 48.7%), level-2 severity (49; 39.8%), and not preventable (52; 42.2%). Most IHI global triggers showed high sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for detecting ADEs. Conclusion: The study shows that most of the triggers in the IHI Trigger tool have shown good accuracy in identifying ADEs. Thus, using the IHI Trigger Tool to identify ADEs can help to improve patient safety. Therefore, the study recommends incorporating IHI global trigger tool in routine, conventional ADE screening techniques to improve the detection rate and promote drug safety.","PeriodicalId":16706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"146-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47045941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-11DOI: 10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31A31684
A. Alfadil, Hamoud Alsamhan, A. Ali, H. Alkreathy, Mohammad W. Alrabia, Hani Abdullah
Aims: To explore the antifungal activity of 2,3-dimethylquinoxaline. Study Design: A preclinical study of a compound against 10 fungal species. Backgrounds: Severe fungal infections cause significant clinical problem and need more effort to search for new antifungals. Methodology: We evaluated the susceptibility of 2,3-dimethylquinoxaline in vitro against a wide range of pathogenic fungi, including six Candida species, two Aspergillus species, one Cryptococcus species, and one Trichophyton species. Also, we evaluated the susceptibility of 2,3dimethylquinoxaline in vivo against oral candidiasis using a mice model. Original Research Article Alfadil et al.; JPRI, 33(31A): 198-207, 2021; Article no.JPRI.69458
{"title":"In vivo and In vitro Antifungal Activity of 2,3-Dimethylquinoxline","authors":"A. Alfadil, Hamoud Alsamhan, A. Ali, H. Alkreathy, Mohammad W. Alrabia, Hani Abdullah","doi":"10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31A31684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31A31684","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To explore the antifungal activity of 2,3-dimethylquinoxaline. Study Design: A preclinical study of a compound against 10 fungal species. Backgrounds: Severe fungal infections cause significant clinical problem and need more effort to search for new antifungals. Methodology: We evaluated the susceptibility of 2,3-dimethylquinoxaline in vitro against a wide range of pathogenic fungi, including six Candida species, two Aspergillus species, one Cryptococcus species, and one Trichophyton species. Also, we evaluated the susceptibility of 2,3dimethylquinoxaline in vivo against oral candidiasis using a mice model. Original Research Article Alfadil et al.; JPRI, 33(31A): 198-207, 2021; Article no.JPRI.69458","PeriodicalId":16706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"198-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41334084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-11DOI: 10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31B31682
A. Razzaq, S. Memon, Z. Arain, Suhayb Ahmad Khushk, Anwar M. Ali, Abdul-Qadir Bhutto
Objective: To determine the outcomes of newly diagnosed patients of peripartum cardiomyopathy at Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad. Methodology: Total 91 patients of peripartum cardiomyopathy were included. A detailed medical history and base line equitable investigations were done. Patients were kept under observation for 7 days during their hospital stay and study outcomes were recorded. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Stratification was done and post stratification chi square test or fisher exact test was applied. Two sided P-value ≤0.05 was considered as significant. Results: The overall mean age was 29.06±4.71 years. Total 73.6% patients were belonged to urban and 26.4% belonged to rural areas. 52.7% patients had normal delivery while 40% had Csection and 6.6% had instrumental assisted deliveries. As far as outcomes are concerned, 65.9% Original Research Article Razzaq et al.; JPRI, 33(31B): 10-16, 2021; Article no.JPRI.69593 11 patients had congestive heart failure, 12.1% patients had arrhythmias, 35.2% patients admitted in ICU, 64.8% patients admitted in recovery and 7.7% patients were died. Conclusion: In a prospective cohort with PPCM, most women recovered; however, rates of CHF were observed significantly in patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension. In-hospital mortality was comparatively less frequent but it was significantly associated in women having age less than 30 years.
目的:了解海得拉巴利阿奎特大学医院新诊断围生期心肌病患者的预后。方法:收集围生期心肌病患者91例。进行了详细的病史和基线公平调查。患者住院期间观察7天，记录研究结果。进行描述性统计。分层后采用卡方检验或fisher精确检验。双侧p值≤0.05为显著性。结果:患者总体平均年龄29.06±4.71岁。城镇居民占73.6%，农村居民占26.4%。正常分娩占52.7%，剖宫产占40%，辅助分娩占6.6%。就结果而言，65.9%的原创研究文章Razzaq et al.;地球物理学报，33(31b): 10-16, 2021;文章no.JPRI。69593例患者发生充血性心力衰竭11例，心律失常12.1%，ICU住院35.2%，康复住院64.8%，死亡7.7%。结论:在PPCM的前瞻性队列中，大多数妇女康复;然而，在糖尿病和高血压患者中观察到CHF的发生率显著增加。住院死亡率相对较低，但在年龄小于30岁的妇女中显著相关。
{"title":"Outcomes of Newly Diagnosed Patients of Peripartum Cardiomyopathy at Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan","authors":"A. Razzaq, S. Memon, Z. Arain, Suhayb Ahmad Khushk, Anwar M. Ali, Abdul-Qadir Bhutto","doi":"10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31B31682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31B31682","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the outcomes of newly diagnosed patients of peripartum cardiomyopathy at Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad. Methodology: Total 91 patients of peripartum cardiomyopathy were included. A detailed medical history and base line equitable investigations were done. Patients were kept under observation for 7 days during their hospital stay and study outcomes were recorded. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Stratification was done and post stratification chi square test or fisher exact test was applied. Two sided P-value ≤0.05 was considered as significant. Results: The overall mean age was 29.06±4.71 years. Total 73.6% patients were belonged to urban and 26.4% belonged to rural areas. 52.7% patients had normal delivery while 40% had Csection and 6.6% had instrumental assisted deliveries. As far as outcomes are concerned, 65.9% Original Research Article Razzaq et al.; JPRI, 33(31B): 10-16, 2021; Article no.JPRI.69593 11 patients had congestive heart failure, 12.1% patients had arrhythmias, 35.2% patients admitted in ICU, 64.8% patients admitted in recovery and 7.7% patients were died. Conclusion: In a prospective cohort with PPCM, most women recovered; however, rates of CHF were observed significantly in patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension. In-hospital mortality was comparatively less frequent but it was significantly associated in women having age less than 30 years.","PeriodicalId":16706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"10-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42201872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-11DOI: 10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31B31685
Sabir Ali, Renu Rathi, B. Rathi
Background: Kasa is the outcome due to release of obstructed Vayu resulting in the production of abnormal sound, which may be productive or dry. Kasa is one of the primary diseases of Pranavaha srotas, and can cause disturbances in other body functions. Prevalence of cough in India is 5% to 10% while acute cases of cough is 39% and chronic cases of cough is 29% reported in Maharashtra. This research drug is taken to check its efficacy on both the types of cough, dry as well as productive with acute or chronic origin. It has a good palatability and liked by children as it appears as candy. Many studies have been carried out on Kasa with different formulations so far like vati, churna, ghrita but they have no fast and long lasting action with different level of efficacy. Many lozenges are also available in the market but no studies have been done. Study Protocol Ali et al.; JPRI, 33(31B): 25-33, 2021; Article no.JPRI.68596 26 Objective: Comparative Study on the efficacy of Kantakari lozenges with Vasa lozenges in the clinical features of Kasa by subjective criteria such as Peenasa-(running nose), Kasa, Aruchi-(taste impliedness), kanthkandu(throat itching), kaphnishthivan (Sputum) and objective criteria as adventitious sound and AEC-absolute eosinophil count, TLC-total leucocytes count, and DLCdifferential leucocyte count. Materials and Methods: The present study is designed as a Double Blind, Randomized Controlled Study in which total 60 patients will be enrolled. Patients will be randomly divided (by computer generated sequence method) in two with 30 patients in each group. In group A, Vasa lozenges and in group B Kantkari lozenges will be given for 7 days. Assessment of the patients will be done on 3 and 7 day during study after intervention and post treatment follow up will be taken on 14& 21 st day from the enrolled date. Results: Efficacy of both the lozenges will be observed in subjective and objective outcomes. Conclusion: Kantkari lozenges (trial group) is expected to be more effective than Vasa lozenges (control group) in the management of Kasa as Vata, Kapha are more dominant in the pathology of Kasa in children and Kantakari is a good Vatakaphahar drug added with Pippali to act synergistically.
背景：Kasa是由于释放受阻的Vayu而产生的异常声音，可能是多产的或干燥的。Kasa是Pranawaha srotas的原发性疾病之一，可引起其他身体功能紊乱。印度的咳嗽患病率为5%至10%，马哈拉施特拉邦报告的急性咳嗽病例为39%，慢性咳嗽病例为29%。该研究药物用于检查其对急性或慢性咳嗽、干咳以及生产性咳嗽的疗效。它有很好的适口性，因为它看起来像糖果一样，深受孩子们的喜爱。到目前为止，已经对不同配方的卡萨进行了许多研究，如vati、churna、ghrita，但它们没有不同疗效的快速持久作用。市场上也有许多含片，但尚未进行研究。研究方案Ali等人。；JPRI，33（31B）：2021年5月25日至33日；文章编号：JPRI.68596 26目的：通过主观标准如Peenasa（流鼻）、Kasa、Aruchi-（味觉暗示）、kanthkandu（喉咙瘙痒）、kapnishthivan（痰）和客观标准如不定音和AEC绝对嗜酸性粒细胞计数、TLC总白细胞计数，DLC差异白细胞计数。材料和方法：本研究设计为双盲随机对照研究，共纳入60名患者。患者将被随机分为两组（通过计算机生成的序列方法），每组30名患者。A组给予Vasa含片，B组给予Kantkari含片，疗程7天。在干预后的研究期间，将在第3天和第7天对患者进行评估，并在入组日期后的第14天和第21天进行治疗后随访。结果：两种含片的疗效将在主观和客观结果上进行观察。结论：Kantkari含片（试验组）在治疗儿童Kasa as Vata方面比Vasa含片（对照组）更有效，Kapha在儿童Kasa的病理学中更占主导地位，Kantakari是一种很好的Vatakapharar药物，与Pippali联合起协同作用。
{"title":"A Comparative Study on the Efficacy of Kantkari and Vasa Lozenges in Children with Kasa (Cough)-Study Protocol","authors":"Sabir Ali, Renu Rathi, B. Rathi","doi":"10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31B31685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31B31685","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Kasa is the outcome due to release of obstructed Vayu resulting in the production of abnormal sound, which may be productive or dry. Kasa is one of the primary diseases of Pranavaha srotas, and can cause disturbances in other body functions. Prevalence of cough in India is 5% to 10% while acute cases of cough is 39% and chronic cases of cough is 29% reported in Maharashtra. This research drug is taken to check its efficacy on both the types of cough, dry as well as productive with acute or chronic origin. It has a good palatability and liked by children as it appears as candy. Many studies have been carried out on Kasa with different formulations so far like vati, churna, ghrita but they have no fast and long lasting action with different level of efficacy. Many lozenges are also available in the market but no studies have been done. Study Protocol Ali et al.; JPRI, 33(31B): 25-33, 2021; Article no.JPRI.68596 26 Objective: Comparative Study on the efficacy of Kantakari lozenges with Vasa lozenges in the clinical features of Kasa by subjective criteria such as Peenasa-(running nose), Kasa, Aruchi-(taste impliedness), kanthkandu(throat itching), kaphnishthivan (Sputum) and objective criteria as adventitious sound and AEC-absolute eosinophil count, TLC-total leucocytes count, and DLCdifferential leucocyte count. Materials and Methods: The present study is designed as a Double Blind, Randomized Controlled Study in which total 60 patients will be enrolled. Patients will be randomly divided (by computer generated sequence method) in two with 30 patients in each group. In group A, Vasa lozenges and in group B Kantkari lozenges will be given for 7 days. Assessment of the patients will be done on 3 and 7 day during study after intervention and post treatment follow up will be taken on 14& 21 st day from the enrolled date. Results: Efficacy of both the lozenges will be observed in subjective and objective outcomes. Conclusion: Kantkari lozenges (trial group) is expected to be more effective than Vasa lozenges (control group) in the management of Kasa as Vata, Kapha are more dominant in the pathology of Kasa in children and Kantakari is a good Vatakaphahar drug added with Pippali to act synergistically.","PeriodicalId":16706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"25-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43038758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-11DOI: 10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31A31686
A. Ahire, Shweta Parwe, Milind A Nisargandha
Background: Nowadays most upcoming disease that affecting 8 to 12% of the world population is Infertility.The affected area of this problem have no bar irrespective of metro cities as well as small towns population.Modern treatment with steroids and other medication and interventions shows limited results.Bastichikitsa itself is the best remedies explained in Ayurved text for the treatment of ksheenshukra.Yapan Basti in Ayurveda is known for its action as balya, i.e. giving strength to the sharirdhatu.Incase of Oligozoospermia there is vitiation and loss of formation process of shukradhatu properly as per Ayurveda. Using YapanBasti,the strength of Shukradhatu can be regain and ultimately correction can be seen in oligozoospermia cases. By doingbastikarma,we are trying to establish and confirm the role of yapanbastiexplained in Ayurvedonoligozoospermia. Aims and objectives: To study the efficacy of MustadiYapan Bastion sperm count sperm motility, semen volume.SemenPH,abnormal sperm count along with serum testosterone,GH and FSH level in the management of Oligozoospermia in comparison with BaladiYapanBasti. Study Protocol Ahire et al.; JPRI, 33(31A): 208-216, 2021; Article no.JPRI.68565 209 Methodology: Age ranging between 25 to 50 years will be considered for the study. Secondly Sperm count < 15 million/ml will be consider for the study, also the patients who shows cardinal symptom i.ePratyatmakaLakshana of KshinaShukra, Pathological sample of Semen sample must suggestive of oligozoospermia will be considered for the study.30 Patients in each group will be given Basti for 16 days as explained in classics of Ayurveda .The process of giving basti will be using bastiputak,Basti will be prepared as per the niruhabasti preparation method.Bastigamankal and bastipratyagamankal will be observed properly.Follow-up will be taken after 28day from starting of treatment. Results: Results will be drawn from the observations of objective parameters. Conclusion: MustadiYapanBasti will be effective in oligozoospermia.
{"title":"A Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy of Mustadi Yapan Bastiand Baladi Yapan Basti in the Management of Oligozoospermia-Study Protocol","authors":"A. Ahire, Shweta Parwe, Milind A Nisargandha","doi":"10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31A31686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31A31686","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nowadays most upcoming disease that affecting 8 to 12% of the world population is Infertility.The affected area of this problem have no bar irrespective of metro cities as well as small towns population.Modern treatment with steroids and other medication and interventions shows limited results.Bastichikitsa itself is the best remedies explained in Ayurved text for the treatment of ksheenshukra.Yapan Basti in Ayurveda is known for its action as balya, i.e. giving strength to the sharirdhatu.Incase of Oligozoospermia there is vitiation and loss of formation process of shukradhatu properly as per Ayurveda. Using YapanBasti,the strength of Shukradhatu can be regain and ultimately correction can be seen in oligozoospermia cases. By doingbastikarma,we are trying to establish and confirm the role of yapanbastiexplained in Ayurvedonoligozoospermia. Aims and objectives: To study the efficacy of MustadiYapan Bastion sperm count sperm motility, semen volume.SemenPH,abnormal sperm count along with serum testosterone,GH and FSH level in the management of Oligozoospermia in comparison with BaladiYapanBasti. Study Protocol Ahire et al.; JPRI, 33(31A): 208-216, 2021; Article no.JPRI.68565 209 Methodology: Age ranging between 25 to 50 years will be considered for the study. Secondly Sperm count < 15 million/ml will be consider for the study, also the patients who shows cardinal symptom i.ePratyatmakaLakshana of KshinaShukra, Pathological sample of Semen sample must suggestive of oligozoospermia will be considered for the study.30 Patients in each group will be given Basti for 16 days as explained in classics of Ayurveda .The process of giving basti will be using bastiputak,Basti will be prepared as per the niruhabasti preparation method.Bastigamankal and bastipratyagamankal will be observed properly.Follow-up will be taken after 28day from starting of treatment. Results: Results will be drawn from the observations of objective parameters. Conclusion: MustadiYapanBasti will be effective in oligozoospermia.","PeriodicalId":16706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"208-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49010530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-11DOI: 10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31A31681
H. Daradka, A. Saleem, Wael A. Obaid
The antifungal activity of 10 plant extracts was tested against the phytopathogenic fungi, Alternaria alternata and Fusarium oxysporum, the pathogens of early blight and wilt diseases of tomato. Plants tested related to different families. Three doses (10, 50 and 100 mg/ml) of plant extracts were assayed on A. alternata and F. oxysporum by measuring the inhibition zone of mycelial growth of fungi by disc-diffusion method on the Potato dextrose agar (PDA). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of plant extracts were determined. The inhibitory effect of plant extracts ranged from 10-29 and 12-31 mm against A. alternata and F. oxysporum, respectively. The extracts of Pulicaria crispa and Olea chrysophylla were the most effective antifungal followed by Citrullus colocynthis, Psiadia arabica and Otostegia fruticosa. These plant extracts contain biologically active major compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and terpenoids. The remaining plant extracts did not emerge any inhibitive effect on tested fungi. The MIC and MFC of plant extracts ranged 6–38, 7-34 and 28-56, Original Research Article Daradka et al.; JPRI, 33(31A): 188-197, 2021; Article no.JPRI.69205
{"title":"Antifungal Effect of Different Plant Extracts against Phytopathogenic Fungi Alternaria alternata and Fusarium oxysporum Isolated from Tomato Plant","authors":"H. Daradka, A. Saleem, Wael A. Obaid","doi":"10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31A31681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31A31681","url":null,"abstract":"The antifungal activity of 10 plant extracts was tested against the phytopathogenic fungi, Alternaria alternata and Fusarium oxysporum, the pathogens of early blight and wilt diseases of tomato. Plants tested related to different families. Three doses (10, 50 and 100 mg/ml) of plant extracts were assayed on A. alternata and F. oxysporum by measuring the inhibition zone of mycelial growth of fungi by disc-diffusion method on the Potato dextrose agar (PDA). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of plant extracts were determined. The inhibitory effect of plant extracts ranged from 10-29 and 12-31 mm against A. alternata and F. oxysporum, respectively. The extracts of Pulicaria crispa and Olea chrysophylla were the most effective antifungal followed by Citrullus colocynthis, Psiadia arabica and Otostegia fruticosa. These plant extracts contain biologically active major compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and terpenoids. The remaining plant extracts did not emerge any inhibitive effect on tested fungi. The MIC and MFC of plant extracts ranged 6–38, 7-34 and 28-56, Original Research Article Daradka et al.; JPRI, 33(31A): 188-197, 2021; Article no.JPRI.69205","PeriodicalId":16706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"188-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46510902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-11DOI: 10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31B31683
Vaishnavi V Siroya, L. Fernandes, Om C. Wadhokar
The Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-19) originated from Wuhan, China and has affected globe since 2019. The virus spread to India in January, 2020. It is highly contagious. In its severe form, the victims of the virus suffered from symptoms such as breathing difficulties, fever, weakness, loss of taste and smell, amongst others. Patients were put on mechanical ventilators and as a result, the requirement of the role of cardio-respiratory physiotherapists became more and more essential. Even after weaning off from the ventilators and being detected Coronavirus negative, the role of the physiotherapists still remained indispensable in order to bring about improvement in the muscle strength of the affected weakened muscles, especially for patients whose movements were limited for extended periods of times due to being dependent on the ventilators;physiotherapists were also required to bring about improvement in the lung capacities and function, to teach gait training for those who find it difficult to walk, to improve in-coordination and overall allow the patients to come back to normal and carry out all the ADL independently and well. He had a severe difficulty in breathing and coughing, along with a generalized weakness all over his body, specifically both his lower limbs. He was admitted in the ICU immediately and was on mechanical ventilator. After all the physiotherapy sessions, the patient was able to carry out his activities of daily living independently;he regained his muscle strength and improved his coordination and ability to walk with a proper gait. He was also able to breathe independently with adequate respiratory muscle strength;and did not feel fatigued as quickly as he used to when he was detected positive for Coronavirus.
{"title":"A Pioneering Physiotherapeutic Approach to the Treatment of a COVID Affected Patient – A Case Report","authors":"Vaishnavi V Siroya, L. Fernandes, Om C. Wadhokar","doi":"10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31B31683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31B31683","url":null,"abstract":"The Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-19) originated from Wuhan, China and has affected globe since 2019. The virus spread to India in January, 2020. It is highly contagious. In its severe form, the victims of the virus suffered from symptoms such as breathing difficulties, fever, weakness, loss of taste and smell, amongst others. Patients were put on mechanical ventilators and as a result, the requirement of the role of cardio-respiratory physiotherapists became more and more essential. Even after weaning off from the ventilators and being detected Coronavirus negative, the role of the physiotherapists still remained indispensable in order to bring about improvement in the muscle strength of the affected weakened muscles, especially for patients whose movements were limited for extended periods of times due to being dependent on the ventilators;physiotherapists were also required to bring about improvement in the lung capacities and function, to teach gait training for those who find it difficult to walk, to improve in-coordination and overall allow the patients to come back to normal and carry out all the ADL independently and well. He had a severe difficulty in breathing and coughing, along with a generalized weakness all over his body, specifically both his lower limbs. He was admitted in the ICU immediately and was on mechanical ventilator. After all the physiotherapy sessions, the patient was able to carry out his activities of daily living independently;he regained his muscle strength and improved his coordination and ability to walk with a proper gait. He was also able to breathe independently with adequate respiratory muscle strength;and did not feel fatigued as quickly as he used to when he was detected positive for Coronavirus.","PeriodicalId":16706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"17-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44886522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31A31674
S. Javed, A. Naseer, Sajjad Ali Gill, F. Ayub, A. Shariff, Badar Mohy ud Din, U. Sonfada, Imran Ullah Khan, Faryal Gul, Qasid Naveed, Waheed Javed
Objective: The purpose of the present research was to find out the perceptions of athletes about the usage of painkiller medications for fatigue relief while their sport trainings. Original Research Article Javed et al.; JPRI, 33(31A): 141-145, 2021; Article no.JPRI69783 142 Methodology: The data was collected from the athletes (n-80) having vast sport experiences who belonged to two public sector universities through online questionnaires. Afterwards, the collected data was edited into SPSS (v.26) and further analyzed the responses through descriptive statistics. Results: The majority of the athletes affirmed their intake of painkiller medications for the purpose of getting relief to their working group of muscles without claiming any harm or threat physically. Conclusion: These painkillers may be a source of less fatigue and provision of better blood flow to the working muscles of the athletes. Therefore, the athletes should use the painkillers with consultation of the doctor so that they may save themselves from their side effects if any.
目的:了解运动员在运动训练中使用止痛药缓解疲劳的情况。Javed et al.;地球物理学报，33(31):141-145,2021;货号。JPRI69783 142方法:通过在线问卷调查，从两所公立大学拥有丰富运动经验的运动员(n-80)中收集数据。然后将收集到的数据编辑到SPSS (v.26)中，通过描述性统计进一步分析响应。结果:大多数运动员确认他们服用止痛药的目的是为了缓解他们的工作肌肉群，而没有声称任何伤害或威胁身体。结论:这些止痛药可能是减轻疲劳的来源，并提供更好的血液流向运动员的工作肌肉。因此，运动员应该在医生的咨询下使用止痛药，这样他们就可以避免副作用。
{"title":"Perceptions of Athletes about Usage of Painkiller Medications for Fatigue Slackening during Sport Trainings","authors":"S. Javed, A. Naseer, Sajjad Ali Gill, F. Ayub, A. Shariff, Badar Mohy ud Din, U. Sonfada, Imran Ullah Khan, Faryal Gul, Qasid Naveed, Waheed Javed","doi":"10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31A31674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31A31674","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The purpose of the present research was to find out the perceptions of athletes about the usage of painkiller medications for fatigue relief while their sport trainings. Original Research Article Javed et al.; JPRI, 33(31A): 141-145, 2021; Article no.JPRI69783 142 Methodology: The data was collected from the athletes (n-80) having vast sport experiences who belonged to two public sector universities through online questionnaires. Afterwards, the collected data was edited into SPSS (v.26) and further analyzed the responses through descriptive statistics. Results: The majority of the athletes affirmed their intake of painkiller medications for the purpose of getting relief to their working group of muscles without claiming any harm or threat physically. Conclusion: These painkillers may be a source of less fatigue and provision of better blood flow to the working muscles of the athletes. Therefore, the athletes should use the painkillers with consultation of the doctor so that they may save themselves from their side effects if any.","PeriodicalId":16706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"141-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44156420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31A31671
Samar F Miski, M. Ahmad, A. Esmat
Aim: To determine the potential hepatoprotective effect of Agmatine (AGM) on NAFLD-induced by Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in rats. Study design: Forty male Wistar rats weighing from (200 -250 g) were distributed at random into five groups (8 rats per group): group 1 as control; group 2 as untreated-T2DM; groups 3 & 4 as T2DM cotreated with AGM (40 & 80 mg/kg/d), while group 5 T2DM cotreated with Silymarin (100 mg/kg/d). Place and duration of study: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, king Abdul-Aziz University; between October 2020 and January 2021. Methodology: A rat model of T2DM with NAFLD complication was established by feeding rats with 10% fructose in drinking water and intraperitoneally injecting them with a single low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) (45mg/kg). The fasting blood glucose was detected, serum levels of hepatic biomarkers were all assessed. Moreover, histopathological examination was performed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Original Research Article Miski et al.; JPRI, 33(31A): 127-134, 2021; Article no.JPRI.68688 128 Results: STZ induced T2DM in rats causes a significant (p<0.05, n=8) rise in serum levels of FBG, ALT, AST, TB, TC, TG, and LDL in comparison with the corresponding control group. Co-treatment with AGM (40 & 80 mg/kg) and silymarin significantly alleviated hyperglycemia and amended hepatic biomarkers that was reflected on improved histopathological changes. Conclusion: The current data suggest that oral AGM co-treatment could have a hepatoprotective effect against T2DM associated with NAFLD in rats. Further investigations are recommended to elucidate molecular mechanisms accountable for the useful effects of AGM on hepatocytes.
{"title":"Effect of Agmatine on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Induced by Type 2 Diabetes in Rats","authors":"Samar F Miski, M. Ahmad, A. Esmat","doi":"10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31A31671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31A31671","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To determine the potential hepatoprotective effect of Agmatine (AGM) on NAFLD-induced by Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in rats. Study design: Forty male Wistar rats weighing from (200 -250 g) were distributed at random into five groups (8 rats per group): group 1 as control; group 2 as untreated-T2DM; groups 3 & 4 as T2DM cotreated with AGM (40 & 80 mg/kg/d), while group 5 T2DM cotreated with Silymarin (100 mg/kg/d). Place and duration of study: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, king Abdul-Aziz University; between October 2020 and January 2021. Methodology: A rat model of T2DM with NAFLD complication was established by feeding rats with 10% fructose in drinking water and intraperitoneally injecting them with a single low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) (45mg/kg). The fasting blood glucose was detected, serum levels of hepatic biomarkers were all assessed. Moreover, histopathological examination was performed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Original Research Article Miski et al.; JPRI, 33(31A): 127-134, 2021; Article no.JPRI.68688 128 Results: STZ induced T2DM in rats causes a significant (p<0.05, n=8) rise in serum levels of FBG, ALT, AST, TB, TC, TG, and LDL in comparison with the corresponding control group. Co-treatment with AGM (40 & 80 mg/kg) and silymarin significantly alleviated hyperglycemia and amended hepatic biomarkers that was reflected on improved histopathological changes. Conclusion: The current data suggest that oral AGM co-treatment could have a hepatoprotective effect against T2DM associated with NAFLD in rats. Further investigations are recommended to elucidate molecular mechanisms accountable for the useful effects of AGM on hepatocytes.","PeriodicalId":16706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"127-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43900744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31A31673
Mehrukh Zehravi, Rubeena Maqbool, Mudasir Maqbool, I. Ara
Background: An examination of drug use is done in a particular setting, searching for drug use that isn't fair. At the population level, the use of psychotropic drugs for mental illness can be an effective way of identifying and tracking the level of treatment for these conditions. They also provide information on ethical drug use, informed by the currently available information on a medication's benefits and risks. Objective: A major objective of the research was to gather data on patterns of drug use in the psychiatry outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India. Original Research Article Zehravi et al.; JPRI, 33(31A): 135-140, 2021; Article no.JPRI.69398 136 Methodology: The drug use research was performed in a tertiary care hospital in Srinagar, Kashmir, India, in a psychiatry outpatient clinic. This research was observational, cross_sectional, and open_ended in nature. All patients who attended the Psychiatry OPD and fulfilled the inclusion criteria over the course of a six_month cycle were included in the study. Results: Over a period of six months, 600 patients from the psychiatry outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India were assessed. All patients were classified into seven age groups: up to 14 years old (A), 15 to 25 years old (B), 26 to 35 years old (C), 36 to 45 years old (D), 46 to 55 years old (E), 56 to 65 years old (F), and over 65 years old (G). Clonazepam was the most commonly prescribed medication (152 cases), followed by olanzapine (132 cases), lorazepam (105 cases), and escitalopram (92 cases). Conclusion: Measuring drug use in treatment centres not only explains drug use rates and prescribing behaviour, but it also helps in the identification of causes of polypharmacy and the problems associated with it. Making a habit of setting standards and gauging the quality of clinical treatment using performance feedback should become standard clinical protocol.
{"title":"To Identify Patterns of Drug Usage among Patients Who Seek Care in Psychiatry Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India","authors":"Mehrukh Zehravi, Rubeena Maqbool, Mudasir Maqbool, I. Ara","doi":"10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31A31673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I31A31673","url":null,"abstract":"Background: An examination of drug use is done in a particular setting, searching for drug use that isn't fair. At the population level, the use of psychotropic drugs for mental illness can be an effective way of identifying and tracking the level of treatment for these conditions. They also provide information on ethical drug use, informed by the currently available information on a medication's benefits and risks. Objective: A major objective of the research was to gather data on patterns of drug use in the psychiatry outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India. Original Research Article Zehravi et al.; JPRI, 33(31A): 135-140, 2021; Article no.JPRI.69398 136 Methodology: The drug use research was performed in a tertiary care hospital in Srinagar, Kashmir, India, in a psychiatry outpatient clinic. This research was observational, cross_sectional, and open_ended in nature. All patients who attended the Psychiatry OPD and fulfilled the inclusion criteria over the course of a six_month cycle were included in the study. Results: Over a period of six months, 600 patients from the psychiatry outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India were assessed. All patients were classified into seven age groups: up to 14 years old (A), 15 to 25 years old (B), 26 to 35 years old (C), 36 to 45 years old (D), 46 to 55 years old (E), 56 to 65 years old (F), and over 65 years old (G). Clonazepam was the most commonly prescribed medication (152 cases), followed by olanzapine (132 cases), lorazepam (105 cases), and escitalopram (92 cases). Conclusion: Measuring drug use in treatment centres not only explains drug use rates and prescribing behaviour, but it also helps in the identification of causes of polypharmacy and the problems associated with it. Making a habit of setting standards and gauging the quality of clinical treatment using performance feedback should become standard clinical protocol.","PeriodicalId":16706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"135-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42325723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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