Journal of periodontology最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of acceptance and preference of topical lidocaine application versus articaine injection anesthesia after nonsurgical periodontal treatment: A randomized clinical trial","authors":"Christof Dörfer,&nbsp;Kathrin Chmiela,&nbsp;Nicole B. Arweiler,&nbsp;Gregor J. Petersilka,&nbsp;Henrik Dommisch,&nbsp;Ralph Heckel,&nbsp;Maren Kahl,&nbsp;Denica Kuzmanova,&nbsp;Peter Purucker,&nbsp;Claudia Springer","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0466","DOIUrl":"10.1002/JPER.23-0466","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To compare acceptance and preference of topical lidocaine gel anesthesia with articaine injection anesthesia in patients with moderate periodontitis undergoing scaling and root debridement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ninety-one patients completed this randomized multicenter split-mouth controlled study and underwent two separate periodontal treatment sessions on different days, one with a topical intrapocket lidocaine gel application and the other with an articaine injection anesthesia in a different order depending on randomization. Parameters measured were the patients’ preference for topical lidocaine gel anesthesia or injection anesthesia with articaine (primary efficacy criterion), their maximum and average pain, and their intensity of numbness as well as experience of side effects; the probing depth; and the dentists’ preference and their evaluations of handling/application, onset and duration of anesthetic effect, and patient compliance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After having experienced both alternatives, 58.3% of the patients preferred the topical lidocaine gel instillation into the periodontal pockets. The safety profile of the lidocaine gel differed positively from the safety profile of articaine injection in type and frequency of adverse drug reactions. The dentistsʼ acceptance and preference regarding either anesthetic method studied were balanced.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Instillation of lidocaine gel into the periodontal pocket is a preferred alternative to injection anesthesia for most of the patients and an equivalent alternative for dentists in nonsurgical periodontal therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"95 9","pages":"821-831"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/JPER.23-0466","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140336058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MyD88 exacerbates inflammation-induced bone loss by modulating dynamic equilibrium between Th17/Treg cells and subgingival microbiota dysbiosis","authors":"Po-Yan Hsiao,&nbsp;Ren-Yeong Huang,&nbsp;Lin-Wei Huang,&nbsp;Ching-Liang Chu,&nbsp;Thomas Van Dyke,&nbsp;Lian-Ping Mau,&nbsp;Chia-Dan Cheng,&nbsp;Cheng-En Sung,&nbsp;Pei-Wei Weng,&nbsp;Yu-Chiao Wu,&nbsp;Yi-Shing Shieh,&nbsp;Wan-Chien Cheng","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0561","DOIUrl":"10.1002/JPER.23-0561","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to investigate the contribution of myeloid differentiation primary-response gene 88 (MyD88) on the differentiation of T helper type 17 (Th17) and regulatory T (Treg) cells and the emerging subgingival microbiota dysbiosis in <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>-induced experimental periodontitis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alveolar bone loss, infiltrated inflammatory cells, immunostained cells for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) were quantified by microcomputerized tomography and histological staining between age- and sex-matched homozygous littermates (wild-type [WT, <i>Myd88^+/+</i>] and <i>Myd88^−/−</i> on C57BL/6 background). The frequencies of Th17 and Treg cells in cervical lymph nodes (CLNs) and spleen were determined by flow cytometry. Cytokine expression in gingival tissues, CLNs, and spleens were studied by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Analysis of the composition of the subgingival microbiome and functional annotation of prokaryotic taxa (FAPROTAX) analysis were performed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>P. gingivalis</i>-infected <i>Myd88^−/−</i> mice showed alleviated bone loss, TRAP⁺ osteoclasts, and RANKL/OPG ratio compared to WT mice. A significantly higher percentage of Foxp3⁺CD4⁺ T cells in infected <i>Myd88^−/−</i> CLNs and a higher frequency of RORγt⁺CD4⁺ T cells in infected WT mice was noted. Increased <i>IL-10</i> and <i>IL-17a</i> expressions in gingival tissue at D14–D28 then declined in WT mice, whereas an opposite pattern was observed in <i>Myd88^−/−</i> mice. The <i>Myd88^−/−</i> mice exhibited characteristic increases in gram-positive species and species having probiotic properties, while gram-negative, anaerobic species were noted in WT mice. FAPROTAX analysis revealed increased aerobic chemoheterotrophy in <i>Myd88^−/−</i> mice, whereas anaerobic chemoheterotrophy was noted in WT mice after <i>P. gingivalis</i> infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MyD88 plays an important role in inflammation-induced bone loss by modulating the dynamic equilibrium between Th17/Treg cells and dysbiosis in <i>P. gingivalis</i>-induced experimental periodontitis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"95 8","pages":"764-777"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140207143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to scaling and root planing on clinical parameters and microbial composition in subgingival plaque of periodontitis patients: A split-mouth randomized clinical trial","authors":"Min Nie,&nbsp;Peien Huang,&nbsp;Peiyao Peng,&nbsp;Daonan Shen,&nbsp;Lei Zhao,&nbsp;Duan Jiang,&nbsp;Yuqin Shen,&nbsp;Lai Wei,&nbsp;Paul W. Bible,&nbsp;Jingmei Yang,&nbsp;Jun Wang,&nbsp;Yafei Wu","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0195","DOIUrl":"10.1002/JPER.23-0195","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) on clinical parameters and microbial composition in subgingival plaque of periodontitis patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seventeen patients were included in this split-mouth randomized clinical trial. Sites with probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥5 mm in combination with bleeding on probing in different quadrants were randomized into the control group, the group with a single PDT application right after SRP, and the group with three repeated PDT applications 1 week after SRP. The subgingival plaque was collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing at baseline, Week 2, and Week 8.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seventeen patients with 60 sites completed this 8-week follow-up, and 157 subgingival plaques were successfully analyzed by sequencing. Significant improvements were observed in two primary outcomes: PPD at Week 8 and subgingival microbial composition. Compared to the control group, the repeated-PDT group showed a notable improvement in PPD, substantial alterations in the microbial profile, including a reduction in <i>α</i>-diversity and anaerobic bacteria, and an increase in aerobic bacteria at Week 2. Secondary outcomes, such as clinical attachment level and sulcus bleeding index, also showed improvement at Week 8. Furthermore, both the single- and repeated-PDT groups exhibited a decrease in periodontopathogens and an increase in beneficial bacteria compared with baseline.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PDT promotes changes in the microbial composition of periodontitis patients’ subgingival plaque in a direction favorable to periodontal health, and repeated PDT is a promising adjunctive therapy for periodontal treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"95 6","pages":"535-549"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140158371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leukemia inhibitory factor protects against experimental periodontitis through immuno-modulations of both macrophages and periodontal ligament fibroblasts.","authors":"Yanjing Ou, Le Fan, Xiaoqi Wang, Haibin Xia, Mengwen Cheng, Jing Huang, Youde Liang, Yining Wang, Yi Zhou","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.23-0607","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To explore the role of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in periodontitis via in vivo and in vitro experiments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The second upper molar of LIF knockout mice and their wild-type littermates were ligated for 8 days. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), histological analysis, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were performed. The expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines were examined in mouse bone marrow derived macrophages and human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPDLFs) after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LIF deficiency promoted alveolar bone loss, inflammatory cells infiltration, osteoclasts formation and collagen fiber degradation in ligature-induced mouse, along with higher expressions of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL6), IL-1β (IL1B), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFA), matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13), and RANKL/OPG ratio. Additionally, LIF deletion led to higher expression levels of these proinflammatory cytokines in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages from both femur and alveolar bone and HPDLFs when treated with LPS. Administration of recombined LIF attenuated TNFA, IL1B, and RANKL/OPG ratio in HPDLFs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings indicate that LIF deficiency promotes the progress of periodontitis via modulating immuno-inflammatory responses of macrophages and periodontal ligament fibroblasts, and the application of LIF may be an adjunctive treatment for periodontitis to resolute inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140131677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of microbiome in primary and permanent dentition in grade C periodontitis in young individuals","authors":"Sungeun Stephanie Koo,&nbsp;Jussara G. Fernandes,&nbsp;Lu Li,&nbsp;Hong Huang,&nbsp;Ikramuddin Aukhil,&nbsp;Peter Harrison,&nbsp;Patricia I. Diaz,&nbsp;Luciana M. Shaddox","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0504","DOIUrl":"10.1002/JPER.23-0504","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of the present study was to evaluate the subgingival microbiome in patients with grade C molar-incisor pattern periodontitis (C-MIP) affecting the primary or permanent dentitions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>DNA was isolated from subgingival biofilm samples from diseased and healthy sites from 45 C-MIP patients and subjected to phylogenetic microarray analysis. C-MIP sites were compared between children affected in the primary to those affected in the permanent dentitions. Within-subject differences between C-MIP-affected sites and dentition-matched healthy sites were also evaluated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>C-MIP sites of subjects affected in the primary dentition showed partially overlapping but distinct microbial communities from C-MIP permanent dentition sites (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Differences were due to increased levels in primary C-MIP sites of certain species of the genera <i>Capnocytophaga and Leptotrichia</i>, while C-MIP permanent dentition sites showed higher prevalence of <i>Filifactor alocis</i>. <i>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans</i> (<i>Aa</i>) was among species seen in high prevalence and levels in both primary and permanent C-MIP sites. Moreover, both permanent and primary C-MIP sites showed distinct microbial communities when compared to dentition-matched healthy sites in the same subject (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Primary and permanent teeth with C-MIP showed a dysbiotic microbiome, with children affected in the primary dentition showing a distinct profile from those affected in the permanent dentition. However, <i>Aa</i> was enriched in both primary and permanent diseased sites, confirming that this microorganism is implicated in C-MIP in both dentitions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"95 7","pages":"650-661"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140110486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the effect of Er,Cr:YSGG laser application on peri-implant crevicular fluid receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand and osteoprotegerin levels in the non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis: A randomized clinical trial","authors":"Nazli Zeynep Alpaslan,&nbsp;Dicle Altindal,&nbsp;Damla Akbal,&nbsp;Ahmet Cemil Talmac,&nbsp;Serap Keskin Tunc,&nbsp;Abdullah Seckin Ertugrul","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0540","DOIUrl":"10.1002/JPER.23-0540","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to investigate the effect of erbium, chromium doped:yttrium,scandium,gallium,garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser application combined with non-surgical mechanical debridement (MD) on clinical parameters and peri-implant crevicular fluid receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels in the treatment of peri-implantitis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 49 patients who underwent non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis were randomly divided into two groups. The control group (<i>n</i> = 26) received MD alone, while the laser group (<i>n</i> = 23) received MD+Er,Cr:YSGG. The clinical parameters (bleeding on probing [BoP], gingival index [GI], plaque index [PI], probing depth [PD]), marginal bone loss (MBL), and biochemical parameters (RANKL and OPG) were measured at baseline (T0) and 6 months after treatment (T1).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There was a statistically significant decrease in all the clinical parameters in both groups at T1 compared to T0 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The BoP, PD, MBL, and RANKL reductions were significantly higher in the laser group than in the control group (<i>p</i> = 0.046, <i>p</i> = 0.014, <i>p</i> = 0.047, <i>p</i> = 0.045, respectively). The OPG levels significantly increased at T1 in the laser group (<i>p</i> = 0.01). The OPG/RANKL ratio increased significantly in both groups at T1, which favored the laser group (<i>p</i> = 0.034).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although both treatment methods were influential in treating peri-implantitis, the laser group (MD+Er,Cr:YSGG) yielded more favorable results by reducing clinical inflammation and improving biochemical parameters. Based on these findings, Er,Cr:YSGG laser may be a beneficial adjunctive treatment in this patient group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"95 10","pages":"917-928"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/JPER.23-0540","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139905897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical evaluation of a novel protocol for supportive periodontal care: A randomized controlled clinical trial.","authors":"Alexandra Stähli, Jvana Ferrari, Anna Sophia Schatzmann, Lucienne Dominique Weigel, Andrea Roccuzzo, Jean-Claude Imber, Ho-Yan Duong, Sigrun Eick, Niklaus P Lang, Giovanni E Salvi, Anton Sculean","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.23-0527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy and the patient perception of subgingival debridement with either guided biofilm management (GBM) or conventional scaling and root planing (SRP) during supportive periodontal care (SPC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-one patients in SPC were randomly assigned to either treatment with GBM or SRP every 6 months. The primary outcome was the percentage of bleeding on probing (BoP) at 1 year. Moreover, pocket probing depths (PPD), recession, and furcation involvements were also measured. Full-mouth and specific site analyzes were performed at baseline, 6 and 12 months of SPC. Patient comfort was evaluated using a visual analogue scale (VAS) at 12 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 1 year, mean BoP percentage decreased from 12.2% to 9.0% (p = 0.191) and from 14.7% to 7.9% (p = 0.004) for the GBM and SRP groups, respectively. Furcation involved multirooted teeth but no through-and-through lesions were significantly fewer in the GBM than in the SRP group after 12 months (p = 0.015). The remaining parameters showed slight improvement in both groups without any statistically significant differences between the two groups after 1 year. Pain evaluation as patient reported outcome measures (pain evaluation) was in favor (p = 0.347) of the SRP group, while overall satisfaction was similar for both groups. Treatment time was not statistically significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.188).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In well-maintained SPC patients, SRP protocols resulted in significant clinical improvements in terms of BoP; however, for the other clinical improvements, similar efficacy for both GBM and SRP was observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139642426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence in dental education: ChatGPT's performance on the periodontic in-service examination","authors":"Arman Danesh,&nbsp;Hirad Pazouki,&nbsp;Farzad Danesh,&nbsp;Arsalan Danesh,&nbsp;Saynur Vardar-Sengul","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0514","DOIUrl":"10.1002/JPER.23-0514","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ChatGPT's (Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer) remarkable capacity to generate human-like output makes it an appealing learning tool for healthcare students worldwide. Nevertheless, the chatbot's responses may be subject to inaccuracies, putting forth an intense risk of misinformation. ChatGPT's capabilities should be examined in every corner of healthcare education, including dentistry and its specialties, to understand the potential of misinformation associated with the chatbot's use as a learning tool. Our investigation aims to explore ChatGPT's foundation of knowledge in the field of periodontology by evaluating the chatbot's performance on questions obtained from an in-service examination administered by the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ChatGPT3.5 and ChatGPT4 were evaluated on 311 multiple-choice questions obtained from the 2023 in-service examination administered by the AAP. The dataset of in-service examination questions was accessed through Nova Southeastern University's Department of Periodontology. Our study excluded questions containing an image as ChatGPT does not accept image inputs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ChatGPT3.5 and ChatGPT4 answered 57.9% and 73.6% of in-service questions correctly on the 2023 Periodontics In-Service Written Examination, respectively. A two-tailed <i>t</i> test was incorporated to compare independent sample means, and sample proportions were compared using a two-tailed χ² test. A <i>p</i> value below the threshold of 0.05 was deemed statistically significant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While ChatGPT4 showed a higher proficiency compared to ChatGPT3.5, both chatbot models leave considerable room for misinformation with their responses relating to periodontology. The findings of the study encourage residents to scrutinize the periodontic information generated by ChatGPT to account for the chatbot's current limitations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"95 7","pages":"682-687"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139403327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validity of individual self-report oral health measures in assessing periodontitis for causal research applications","authors":"Julia C. Bond,&nbsp;Sharon M. Casey,&nbsp;Robert McDonough,&nbsp;Suzanne G. McLone,&nbsp;Mabeline Velez,&nbsp;Brenda Heaton","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0551","DOIUrl":"10.1002/JPER.23-0551","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Self-reported measures of periodontitis developed for use in population surveillance are increasingly used in causal research. Numerous studies evaluate the validity of these measures against clinical parameters of periodontitis, yet few include validation parameters outside of multivariable models. Individual item validity is necessary to adequately inform use of these measures in causal research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014 in which dentate participants completed full-mouth periodontal examinations (<i>N</i> = 6966). We evaluated six self-report questionnaire items related to periodontal disease status against periodontitis case definitions developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and American Academy of Periodontology (CDC-AAP). We estimated the sensitivity and specificity of individual items using severe and moderate-to-severe periodontitis classifications. We additionally combined items to evaluate the validity of joint measures.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sensitivity was highest when measures were evaluated against severe periodontitis. Self-rated oral health of fair/poor demonstrated the highest sensitivity for severe (0.60) and moderate-to-severe periodontitis (0.48). Specificity was highest when evaluated against moderate-to-severe periodontitis, with self-reported history of tooth mobility as the most specific measure (0.87 for severe disease; 0.92 for moderate-to-severe) followed by a history of bone loss (0.88 for severe; 0.91 for moderate-to-severe). Combining questions generally improved specificity at the expense of sensitivity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings related to item-specific validity and the associated clinical profiles facilitate needed considerations for the use of self-reported measures of periodontitis in causal research. Additionally, item-specific validity can be used to inform assessments of misclassification bias within such investigations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"95 9","pages":"892-906"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139403330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk indicators for gingival recession in the esthetic zone: A cross-sectional clinical, tomographic, and ultrasonographic study","authors":"Kathleen Chloe Mascardo,&nbsp;Justin Tomack,&nbsp;Chia-Yu Chen,&nbsp;Leonardo Mancini,&nbsp;David M. Kim,&nbsp;Bernard Friedland,&nbsp;Shayan Barootchi,&nbsp;Lorenzo Tavelli","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0357","DOIUrl":"10.1002/JPER.23-0357","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;To evaluate the risk indicators associated with midfacial gingival recessions (GR) in the natural dentition esthetic regions.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) results of thirty-seven subjects presenting with 268 eligible teeth were included in the cross-sectional study. Clinical measurements included presence/absence of midfacial GR; the depth of the midfacial, mesial, and distal gingival recession; the recession type (RT); keratinized tissue width (KT); and attached gingiva width (AG). Questionnaires were utilized to capture patient-reported esthetics and dental hypersensitivity for each study tooth. Buccal bone dehiscence (cBBD) and buccal bone thickness (cBBT) were measured on the CBCT scans. High-frequency ultrasonography was performed to assess gingival thickness (GT) and buccal bone dehiscence (uBBD). Intraoral optical scanning was obtained to quantify the buccolingual position of each study site (3D profile analysis). Multilevel logistic regression analyses with generalized estimation equations were performed to assess the factors associated with the conditions of interest.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The presence of midfacial GR was significantly associated with the history of periodontal treatment for pocket reduction (OR 7.99, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.006), KT (OR 0.62, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), cBBD (OR 2.30, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.015), GT 1.5 mm from the gingival margin (OR 0.18, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.04) and 3D profile 1 mm from the gingival margin (OR 1.04, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001). The depth of midfacial GR was significantly correlated to previous history of periodontal treatment (OR 0.96, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001), KT (OR −0.18, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), presence of bone fenestration (OR 0.24, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.044), and cBBD (OR 0.43, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). The depth of midfacial GR was also the only factor associated with patient-reported esthetics (OR −3.38, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.022), while KT (OR 0.77, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.018) and AG (OR 0.82, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.047) were significantly correlated with patient-reported dental hypersensitivity.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Several risk indicators of midfacial and interproximal GR in the esthetic region were identified. The use of imaging technologies allowed for detection of parameters associated with the conditions of interest, and, therefore, their incorporation in future clinical studies is advocated. Ultrasonography could be preferred over CBCT for a noninvasive assessment of periodontal phenotype.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"95 5","pages":"432-443"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/JPER.23-0357","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139403329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}