Pub Date : 2024-05-10DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2024/v36i67528
.. Gayatri, .. Jigyasha, H. Singhal
Celiac disease or gluten-sensitive enteropathy is an autoimmune hypersensitivity disorder affecting the small intestine. It occurs due to an inappropriate immune reaction to gluten, which results in inflammation and damage to the small intestine. One of the most prevalent illnesses, celiac disease, is brought on by both environmental (gluten) and genetic causes of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and non-HLA genes. The prevalence of celiac disease has been estimated to approximate 0.5%-1% in different parts of the world. Due to improved physician awareness and expertise, as well as the widespread use of extremely sensitive and precise diagnostic tests for celiac disease, the prevalence of celiac disease has considerably grown in the past 30 years. While older children have either limited or unusual symptoms, only a small percentage of celiac patients have the classic signs of the condition like chronic or intermittent diarrhea, failure to thrive, weight loss, delayed puberty, short stature, nausea, vomiting, chronic abdominal pain, abdominal distension, chronic constipation. Early detection of celiac disease is crucial to preventing long-term consequences. According to Ayurveda, some symptoms of celiac disease found in Grahani Dosha. Grahani is described as an Agni Adhisthana by most of Acharya. Mandagini is the root cause of Ama Dosha, and it is a crucial factor for the manifestation of most diseases. The treatment approach of celiac disease in Ayurveda medicinal science involves the intake of various preparations of some specific medicinal plants like Kutaja (Holarrhena antidysenterica) Pippali, (Piper longum Linn.), Chitraka, (Plumbago zeylanica) Guduchi, (Tinospora cordifolia) Ashwagandha, (Withania somnifera), Haridra (Curcuma longa Linn.), etc which have Agni Deepana and Ama Pachana properties. These illness-specific medicinal herbs help normalize digestive fire and evict "Ama" toxins from the body channels, which pacify the vitiated Agni and maintain homeostasis among vitiated Doshas.
{"title":"Role of Ayurvedic Herbs in the Management of Celiac Disease","authors":".. Gayatri, .. Jigyasha, H. Singhal","doi":"10.9734/jpri/2024/v36i67528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jpri/2024/v36i67528","url":null,"abstract":"Celiac disease or gluten-sensitive enteropathy is an autoimmune hypersensitivity disorder affecting the small intestine. It occurs due to an inappropriate immune reaction to gluten, which results in inflammation and damage to the small intestine. One of the most prevalent illnesses, celiac disease, is brought on by both environmental (gluten) and genetic causes of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and non-HLA genes. The prevalence of celiac disease has been estimated to approximate 0.5%-1% in different parts of the world. Due to improved physician awareness and expertise, as well as the widespread use of extremely sensitive and precise diagnostic tests for celiac disease, the prevalence of celiac disease has considerably grown in the past 30 years. While older children have either limited or unusual symptoms, only a small percentage of celiac patients have the classic signs of the condition like chronic or intermittent diarrhea, failure to thrive, weight loss, delayed puberty, short stature, nausea, vomiting, chronic abdominal pain, abdominal distension, chronic constipation. Early detection of celiac disease is crucial to preventing long-term consequences. According to Ayurveda, some symptoms of celiac disease found in Grahani Dosha. Grahani is described as an Agni Adhisthana by most of Acharya. Mandagini is the root cause of Ama Dosha, and it is a crucial factor for the manifestation of most diseases. The treatment approach of celiac disease in Ayurveda medicinal science involves the intake of various preparations of some specific medicinal plants like Kutaja (Holarrhena antidysenterica) Pippali, (Piper longum Linn.), Chitraka, (Plumbago zeylanica) Guduchi, (Tinospora cordifolia) Ashwagandha, (Withania somnifera), Haridra (Curcuma longa Linn.), etc which have Agni Deepana and Ama Pachana properties. These illness-specific medicinal herbs help normalize digestive fire and evict \"Ama\" toxins from the body channels, which pacify the vitiated Agni and maintain homeostasis among vitiated Doshas.","PeriodicalId":16718,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International","volume":" 35","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140992414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-09DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2024/v36i67527
Sara Shahid, Laiba Nadeem, Maria Faisal Khan, Wasta Aslam Gill, Minahil Nasir, Syed Taimoor Tayyab, Mavra Siddique, Maryam Ayesha, Muhammad Zahid Iqbal
Background: Inhalation therapy is the main line of treatment for the management of various respiratory diseases due to localized delivery and rapid onset of action. Incorrect inhaler technique is very common and subsequently leads to poor disease management. Pharmacist can have a positive impact on patient’s education about proper inhaler technique that can lead to a significant improvement of asthma and COPD management. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of pharmacist education program on inhaler technique of asthmatic and COPD patients in South Asian countries. The outcome regarding inhalation technique was reviewed and summarized. Methodology: The outcome regarding inhalation technique was reviewed and summarized. For this systematic review, basic electronic academic databases (Scopus, Science Direct, ProQuest, Web of Science and PubMed) were used for the search, along with a manual search on Google Scholar. This systematic review was conducted by following the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)” guidelines. Moreover, utilizing the framework of the PECO-S (Population Exposure Comparison Outcome Study design), various observational studies were recruited for this review. The ZEE tool was utilized to minimize the risk of bias among extracted cross-sectional studies. Inclusion criteria included studies on inhaler using patients of all ages from South Asian countries along with the influence of educational intervention outcomes. Results: Out of 2191 studies, 24 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the current review. All of the included studies were about pharmacist intervention on inhaler technique in South Asian countries. Conclusion: The systematic literature review summarizes the impact of educational intervention provided to inhaler using patients from South Asian countries. It was assessed that patient education and counselling produced improvement in inhalation technique of various devices especially metered dose inhalers. The primary outcome of most the studies was the improvement in inhaler technique assessment and enhanced quality of life. Therefore, inhaler technique education to patients should be made compulsory by the Health-care authorities to enhance compliance and effectiveness of inhalational therapy by avoiding irrational use of inhalers.
{"title":"The Effect of Educational Intervention on Inhaler Technique of Patients in Asian Countries: A Systematic Review","authors":"Sara Shahid, Laiba Nadeem, Maria Faisal Khan, Wasta Aslam Gill, Minahil Nasir, Syed Taimoor Tayyab, Mavra Siddique, Maryam Ayesha, Muhammad Zahid Iqbal","doi":"10.9734/jpri/2024/v36i67527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jpri/2024/v36i67527","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Inhalation therapy is the main line of treatment for the management of various respiratory diseases due to localized delivery and rapid onset of action. Incorrect inhaler technique is very common and subsequently leads to poor disease management. Pharmacist can have a positive impact on patient’s education about proper inhaler technique that can lead to a significant improvement of asthma and COPD management.\u0000Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of pharmacist education program on inhaler technique of asthmatic and COPD patients in South Asian countries. The outcome regarding inhalation technique was reviewed and summarized.\u0000Methodology: The outcome regarding inhalation technique was reviewed and summarized. For this systematic review, basic electronic academic databases (Scopus, Science Direct, ProQuest, Web of Science and PubMed) were used for the search, along with a manual search on Google Scholar. This systematic review was conducted by following the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)” guidelines. Moreover, utilizing the framework of the PECO-S (Population Exposure Comparison Outcome Study design), various observational studies were recruited for this review. The ZEE tool was utilized to minimize the risk of bias among extracted cross-sectional studies. Inclusion criteria included studies on inhaler using patients of all ages from South Asian countries along with the influence of educational intervention outcomes.\u0000Results: Out of 2191 studies, 24 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the current review. All of the included studies were about pharmacist intervention on inhaler technique in South Asian countries.\u0000Conclusion: The systematic literature review summarizes the impact of educational intervention provided to inhaler using patients from South Asian countries. It was assessed that patient education and counselling produced improvement in inhalation technique of various devices especially metered dose inhalers. The primary outcome of most the studies was the improvement in inhaler technique assessment and enhanced quality of life. Therefore, inhaler technique education to patients should be made compulsory by the Health-care authorities to enhance compliance and effectiveness of inhalational therapy by avoiding irrational use of inhalers.","PeriodicalId":16718,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140995741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a global heath threat, resistant to key anti-TB drugs. It is ranked among the top 10 causes of death worldwide. Therefore, the current study investigated time to recovery from MDR-TB in southern Ethiopia. Data, Materials and Methods: Restrospective data from selected hospitals in SNNPR (January 2016 to December 2021) were analyzed. A cluster sample of 301 MDR-TB patients (131 NEMMCH, 121 BH, 49 AGH) was considered. Results: Among the 301 cases, 116 (38.5%) were censored. While 185 (61.5%) were recovered. Parametric shared frailty models were employed to account unobserved heterogeneity among the Hospitals and patients and AFT models were employed. the median recovery time of MDR-TB is 22 months. The clustering effect of frailty model was hospitals. Weibull-gamma shared frailty model was appropriate for this data. Conclusion: The final model showed that males have higher recovery rates than females. Extra pulmonary MDR-TB and Urban residency correleted with longer recovery times. The recovery rate increases with increasing baseline weight, education level, and occupation. But, the recovery rate decreases with smoking, co-morbidities, previous drug history, history of TB, and alcohol use Recommendation: All concerned bodies should be cognizant on the risk factors of MDR-TB in SNNP region By providing on early case detection and appropriate treatment of drug-susceptible MDR-TB, since it is essential to shorten the recovery time of MDR-TB patients in line with WHO guidelines
{"title":"Modelling Time to Recovery from Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis in Southern Ethiopia","authors":"Shambel Selman Abdo, Denebo Sebaro Wanore, D. Teni, Lombamo Abebe Ejamo","doi":"10.9734/jpri/2024/v36i67525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jpri/2024/v36i67525","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a global heath threat, resistant to key anti-TB drugs. It is ranked among the top 10 causes of death worldwide. Therefore, the current study investigated time to recovery from MDR-TB in southern Ethiopia.\u0000Data, Materials and Methods: Restrospective data from selected hospitals in SNNPR (January 2016 to December 2021) were analyzed. A cluster sample of 301 MDR-TB patients (131 NEMMCH, 121 BH, 49 AGH) was considered.\u0000Results: Among the 301 cases, 116 (38.5%) were censored. While 185 (61.5%) were recovered. Parametric shared frailty models were employed to account unobserved heterogeneity among the Hospitals and patients and AFT models were employed. the median recovery time of MDR-TB is 22 months. The clustering effect of frailty model was hospitals. Weibull-gamma shared frailty model was appropriate for this data.\u0000Conclusion: The final model showed that males have higher recovery rates than females. Extra pulmonary MDR-TB and Urban residency correleted with longer recovery times. The recovery rate increases with increasing baseline weight, education level, and occupation. But, the recovery rate decreases with smoking, co-morbidities, previous drug history, history of TB, and alcohol use\u0000Recommendation: All concerned bodies should be cognizant on the risk factors of MDR-TB in SNNP region By providing on early case detection and appropriate treatment of drug-susceptible MDR-TB, since it is essential to shorten the recovery time of MDR-TB patients in line with WHO guidelines","PeriodicalId":16718,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International","volume":" 72","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140999980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-08DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2024/v36i67526
Aayushee Gupta, Amit Bhardwaj
Periodontitis is known to be a progressive inflammatory lesion that may lead to the deterioration of the attachment of the periodontal apparatus & loss of structures involved in the apparatus, mainly the gingiva, pdl, cementum & alveolar bone leading to loss of teeth. Therefore, the interest in learning more about the connections between periodontal disease and nutrition has increased as research on the pathophysiology of periodontal disease and the function of nutrition has progressed. A subfield of nutritional science called nutrigenomics focuses on understanding the molecular interactions of nutrients and genomes. This enables us to recognize early-stage abnormalities in this control and tells us of the impact of nutrition on metabolic pathways & homeostatic regulation. In this review, the role of nutrition in periodontal disease is thoroughly discussed, and dietary recommendations are made for preventing periodontal disease.
{"title":"Nutrigenomics As a Diagnostic Tool in Periodontology: The New Kid in The Block","authors":"Aayushee Gupta, Amit Bhardwaj","doi":"10.9734/jpri/2024/v36i67526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jpri/2024/v36i67526","url":null,"abstract":"Periodontitis is known to be a progressive inflammatory lesion that may lead to the deterioration of the attachment of the periodontal apparatus & loss of structures involved in the apparatus, mainly the gingiva, pdl, cementum & alveolar bone leading to loss of teeth. Therefore, the interest in learning more about the connections between periodontal disease and nutrition has increased as research on the pathophysiology of periodontal disease and the function of nutrition has progressed. A subfield of nutritional science called nutrigenomics focuses on understanding the molecular interactions of nutrients and genomes. This enables us to recognize early-stage abnormalities in this control and tells us of the impact of nutrition on metabolic pathways & homeostatic regulation. In this review, the role of nutrition in periodontal disease is thoroughly discussed, and dietary recommendations are made for preventing periodontal disease.","PeriodicalId":16718,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International","volume":" 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140999593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-04DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2024/v36i67524
Najla Ali Alburae
Green approaches to nanoparticle synthesis offer sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives, avoiding hazardous chemicals typical in traditional methods. This study characterizes nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized from silver nitrate (AgNO3) and iron oxide (Fe2O3) using commercial honey as a reducing and capping agent. Characterization revealed significant disparities between silver NPs (AgNPs) and iron NPs (FeNPs). AgNPs had a larger particle size (Z-average: 3115.67 nm) compared to FeNPs (Z-average: 1813 nm). AgNPs showed a monodisperse population, while FeNPs had a slightly broader size distribution. Additionally, AgNPs had a higher particle concentration (mean count rate: 505.17 kcps) than FeNPs (mean count rate: 296.65 kcps). Both AgNPs and FeNPs displayed negative surface charges, at -6.499 mV and -1.652 mV, respectively, where FeNPs exhibit a slightly higher value. Elemental composition analysis by scanning electron microscope – energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) revealed that AgNPs are primarily composed of silver, carbon, and oxygen, whereas FeNPs consisted mainly of iron, oxygen, and carbon. These findings provide insights into the physical and chemical properties of AgNPs and FeNPs synthesized using commercial honey. Understanding these properties is essential for optimizing synthesis processes and exploring applications in medicine, catalysis, and environmental remediation. The eco-friendly synthesis approach using honey underscores the potential for sustainable nanomaterial production. Further research can explore specific applications and benefits of AgNPs and FeNPs synthesized through this green method, offering an efficient and economical alternative for nanoparticle synthesis.
{"title":"Bio-fabrication and Characterization of Green Synthesized Nanoparticles from Commercial Honey","authors":"Najla Ali Alburae","doi":"10.9734/jpri/2024/v36i67524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jpri/2024/v36i67524","url":null,"abstract":"Green approaches to nanoparticle synthesis offer sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives, avoiding hazardous chemicals typical in traditional methods. This study characterizes nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized from silver nitrate (AgNO3) and iron oxide (Fe2O3) using commercial honey as a reducing and capping agent. Characterization revealed significant disparities between silver NPs (AgNPs) and iron NPs (FeNPs). AgNPs had a larger particle size (Z-average: 3115.67 nm) compared to FeNPs (Z-average: 1813 nm). AgNPs showed a monodisperse population, while FeNPs had a slightly broader size distribution. Additionally, AgNPs had a higher particle concentration (mean count rate: 505.17 kcps) than FeNPs (mean count rate: 296.65 kcps). Both AgNPs and FeNPs displayed negative surface charges, at -6.499 mV and -1.652 mV, respectively, where FeNPs exhibit a slightly higher value. Elemental composition analysis by scanning electron microscope – energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) revealed that AgNPs are primarily composed of silver, carbon, and oxygen, whereas FeNPs consisted mainly of iron, oxygen, and carbon. These findings provide insights into the physical and chemical properties of AgNPs and FeNPs synthesized using commercial honey. Understanding these properties is essential for optimizing synthesis processes and exploring applications in medicine, catalysis, and environmental remediation. The eco-friendly synthesis approach using honey underscores the potential for sustainable nanomaterial production. Further research can explore specific applications and benefits of AgNPs and FeNPs synthesized through this green method, offering an efficient and economical alternative for nanoparticle synthesis.","PeriodicalId":16718,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International","volume":"68 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141013943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-04DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2024/v36i67523
Punam A. Gosavi, M. Kalikar, Sunil M. Mahakalkar, Sneha P Pawar, Suchi Bansod, Piyush Nama
Background: It is crucial for healthcare professionals to know how to report adverse drug reactions (ADRs). To improve reporting rates, it is essential to improve knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of healthcare professionals regarding Pharmacovigilance (PV) and adverse drug reactions (ADR) reporting. According to previous studies, there has been a lack of knowledge in nursing students regarding Pharmacovigilance (PV) and reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADR). Hence, this study was planned to assess the impact of educational intervention on nursing students' knowledge, attitude, and practice of pharmacovigilance at a tertiary care teaching hospital in India. Materials and Methods: This was an interventional study conducted among 93 BSc nursing students at a tertiary care teaching hospital, India. Each participant was explained the purpose of study and asked to fill in a questionnaire about their knowledge, attitude and practice of pharmacovigilance. The post-KAP questionnaire was re-circulated among participants at the end of the intervention and data was analyzed using Chi square test. Results: The study involved 93 BSc nursing students aged 21.52 ± 1.11 years, with a male to female ratio of 1:2. All statistical calculations were performed using Graph Pad prism v10.1.0. Results showed significant differences in understanding pharmacovigilance between pre-intervention and post-intervention, and a significant change in attitudes towards pharmacovigilance due to the educational intervention. A statistically greater proportion of students learned about Pharmacovigilance and ADR reporting forms. Conclusion: The Continuing Medical Education (CME) and group discussions significantly enhanced the knowledge and attitude of nursing students regarding pharmacovigilance.
背景：医疗保健专业人员了解如何报告药物不良反应（ADR）至关重要。为了提高报告率，必须改善医护人员在药物警戒（PV）和药物不良反应（ADR）报告方面的知识、态度和实践（KAP）。根据以往的研究，护理专业学生对药物警戒（PV）和药物不良反应（ADR）报告缺乏了解。因此，本研究计划评估教育干预对印度一家三级护理教学医院护理专业学生的药物警戒知识、态度和实践的影响：这是一项干预性研究，对象是印度一家三级护理教学医院的 93 名护理学本科生。研究人员向每位参与者解释了研究目的，并要求他们填写一份关于药物警戒的知识、态度和实践的调查问卷。干预结束后，在参与者中再次分发 KAP 后调查问卷，并使用卡方检验对数据进行分析。 结果研究涉及 93 名护理学学士学位学生，年龄为 21.52 ± 1.11 岁，男女比例为 1:2。所有统计计算均使用 Graph Pad prism v10.1.0。结果显示，干预前和干预后学生对药物警戒的理解存在明显差异，教育干预使学生对药物警戒的态度发生了显著变化。据统计，有更大比例的学生了解了药物警戒和药物不良反应报告表：结论：继续医学教育（CME）和小组讨论大大提高了护理专业学生对药物警戒的认识和态度。
{"title":"Impact of Educational Intervention on Knowledge, Attitude & Practice About Pharmacovigilance in Nursing Students in A Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in India: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Punam A. Gosavi, M. Kalikar, Sunil M. Mahakalkar, Sneha P Pawar, Suchi Bansod, Piyush Nama","doi":"10.9734/jpri/2024/v36i67523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jpri/2024/v36i67523","url":null,"abstract":"Background: It is crucial for healthcare professionals to know how to report adverse drug reactions (ADRs). To improve reporting rates, it is essential to improve knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of healthcare professionals regarding Pharmacovigilance (PV) and adverse drug reactions (ADR) reporting. According to previous studies, there has been a lack of knowledge in nursing students regarding Pharmacovigilance (PV) and reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADR). Hence, this study was planned to assess the impact of educational intervention on nursing students' knowledge, attitude, and practice of pharmacovigilance at a tertiary care teaching hospital in India.\u0000Materials and Methods: This was an interventional study conducted among 93 BSc nursing students at a tertiary care teaching hospital, India. Each participant was explained the purpose of study and asked to fill in a questionnaire about their knowledge, attitude and practice of pharmacovigilance. The post-KAP questionnaire was re-circulated among participants at the end of the intervention and data was analyzed using Chi square test. \u0000Results: The study involved 93 BSc nursing students aged 21.52 ± 1.11 years, with a male to female ratio of 1:2. All statistical calculations were performed using Graph Pad prism v10.1.0. Results showed significant differences in understanding pharmacovigilance between pre-intervention and post-intervention, and a significant change in attitudes towards pharmacovigilance due to the educational intervention. A statistically greater proportion of students learned about Pharmacovigilance and ADR reporting forms.\u0000Conclusion: The Continuing Medical Education (CME) and group discussions significantly enhanced the knowledge and attitude of nursing students regarding pharmacovigilance.","PeriodicalId":16718,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International","volume":"161 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141013313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-03DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2024/v36i17494
Rithanya. M, Ganesh Jeevanandan
Introduction: Tooth extraction is done based on a variety of reasons, the most common reason being the tooth becoming unrestorable as a result of dental caries, trauma to the tooth or periodontal disorder. The tooth indicated for extraction is usually associated with pain except in some cases where the tooth is removed for orthodontic treatment. Dental caries is a chronic disease of the tooth which is represented by demineralisation and destruction of the organic matter of the tooth. It is the most common cause of dental extraction. The aim of this study is to analyze the prevalence of extraction of primary mandibular second molars in children treated under general anesthesia from a private dental hospital. Materials and method: This study is a single centered retrospective study in which the data was collected from a private dental college and hospital in Chennai, India. Patient details were collected from the hospital management system and a total of 47 samples were collected. The data was tabulated using Excel and then statistically analyzed using the latest version of SPSS software. Results and discussion: Prevalence of extraction of primary mandibular second molar in 3 to 5 year old children wasstudied. The primary mandibular right second molar was found to be extracted the most. Also, primary mandibular second molar was extracted more in males and in the age group of 5. Conclusion: In the study conducted, the primary mandibular right second molar was the most extracted tooth.
{"title":"Prevalence of Extraction of Primary Mandibular Second Molar in 3 to 5 Year Old Children","authors":"Rithanya. M, Ganesh Jeevanandan","doi":"10.9734/jpri/2024/v36i17494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jpri/2024/v36i17494","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Tooth extraction is done based on a variety of reasons, the most common reason being the tooth becoming unrestorable as a result of dental caries, trauma to the tooth or periodontal disorder. The tooth indicated for extraction is usually associated with pain except in some cases where the tooth is removed for orthodontic treatment. Dental caries is a chronic disease of the tooth which is represented by demineralisation and destruction of the organic matter of the tooth. It is the most common cause of dental extraction. The aim of this study is to analyze the prevalence of extraction of primary mandibular second molars in children treated under general anesthesia from a private dental hospital. \u0000Materials and method: This study is a single centered retrospective study in which the data was collected from a private dental college and hospital in Chennai, India. Patient details were collected from the hospital management system and a total of 47 samples were collected. The data was tabulated using Excel and then statistically analyzed using the latest version of SPSS software. \u0000Results and discussion: Prevalence of extraction of primary mandibular second molar in 3 to 5 year old children wasstudied. The primary mandibular right second molar was found to be extracted the most. Also, primary mandibular second molar was extracted more in males and in the age group of 5. \u0000Conclusion: In the study conducted, the primary mandibular right second molar was the most extracted tooth.","PeriodicalId":16718,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International","volume":"636 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139807497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-03DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2024/v36i17494
Rithanya. M, Ganesh Jeevanandan
Introduction: Tooth extraction is done based on a variety of reasons, the most common reason being the tooth becoming unrestorable as a result of dental caries, trauma to the tooth or periodontal disorder. The tooth indicated for extraction is usually associated with pain except in some cases where the tooth is removed for orthodontic treatment. Dental caries is a chronic disease of the tooth which is represented by demineralisation and destruction of the organic matter of the tooth. It is the most common cause of dental extraction. The aim of this study is to analyze the prevalence of extraction of primary mandibular second molars in children treated under general anesthesia from a private dental hospital. Materials and method: This study is a single centered retrospective study in which the data was collected from a private dental college and hospital in Chennai, India. Patient details were collected from the hospital management system and a total of 47 samples were collected. The data was tabulated using Excel and then statistically analyzed using the latest version of SPSS software. Results and discussion: Prevalence of extraction of primary mandibular second molar in 3 to 5 year old children wasstudied. The primary mandibular right second molar was found to be extracted the most. Also, primary mandibular second molar was extracted more in males and in the age group of 5. Conclusion: In the study conducted, the primary mandibular right second molar was the most extracted tooth.
{"title":"Prevalence of Extraction of Primary Mandibular Second Molar in 3 to 5 Year Old Children","authors":"Rithanya. M, Ganesh Jeevanandan","doi":"10.9734/jpri/2024/v36i17494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jpri/2024/v36i17494","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Tooth extraction is done based on a variety of reasons, the most common reason being the tooth becoming unrestorable as a result of dental caries, trauma to the tooth or periodontal disorder. The tooth indicated for extraction is usually associated with pain except in some cases where the tooth is removed for orthodontic treatment. Dental caries is a chronic disease of the tooth which is represented by demineralisation and destruction of the organic matter of the tooth. It is the most common cause of dental extraction. The aim of this study is to analyze the prevalence of extraction of primary mandibular second molars in children treated under general anesthesia from a private dental hospital. \u0000Materials and method: This study is a single centered retrospective study in which the data was collected from a private dental college and hospital in Chennai, India. Patient details were collected from the hospital management system and a total of 47 samples were collected. The data was tabulated using Excel and then statistically analyzed using the latest version of SPSS software. \u0000Results and discussion: Prevalence of extraction of primary mandibular second molar in 3 to 5 year old children wasstudied. The primary mandibular right second molar was found to be extracted the most. Also, primary mandibular second molar was extracted more in males and in the age group of 5. \u0000Conclusion: In the study conducted, the primary mandibular right second molar was the most extracted tooth.","PeriodicalId":16718,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International","volume":"36 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139867569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2023/v35i347477
Rajamanickam V., Velmurugan R., Nithyasrinamagiri B., Gokulraj J., Tamizharasu M., Thirumurugan P., Surendra Kumar M.
Tridax procumbens Linn is a native of tropical America and has naturalized in tropical Africa, Asia, and Australia. It is a wild plant that may be found all throughout India. It has been widely utilized in the Ayurvedic medical system and is prescribed as "Bhringraj" by some Ayurvedic doctors. In India, a weed known as "Jayanti Veda" is called Tridax procumbens L. Asteraceae's Tridax Procumbens Linn., sometimes known as coat buttons. Pharmacognostic studies are very important since the parameters estimated are the identity of a particular plant and they are very useful to authenticate the plant under study and prevent it from adulteration and substitution. complete botanical evaluation which comprises macroscopic, microscopy physicochemical parameters like loss on drying extractive value, ash value and to investigate the Phytochemical present the extract in the preliminary level were carried out for the quality control of the drug.Pharmacognostic studies are crucial because the estimated parameters help identify a specific plant. They are also highly helpful to authenticate the plant being studied and guard against adulteration and substitution.
Tridax procumbens Linn 原产于美洲热带地区，已在非洲热带地区、亚洲和澳大利亚归化。它是一种野生植物，在印度各地都能找到。它在阿育吠陀医学体系中被广泛使用，一些阿育吠陀医生将其作为 "Bhringraj "处方。在印度，一种被称为 "Jayanti Veda "的野草叫做 Tridax procumbens L. Asteraceae's Tridax Procumbens Linn.，有时也被称为衣扣。完整的植物学评价包括宏观、微观理化参数，如干燥提取物损失值、灰分值，并初步调查提取物中的植物化学成分，以控制药物的质量。药理研究非常重要，因为估算的参数有助于鉴别特定的植物，也非常有助于鉴定所研究植物的真伪，防止掺假和替代。
{"title":"Pharmacognostical Study of Tridax procumbens Linn","authors":"Rajamanickam V., Velmurugan R., Nithyasrinamagiri B., Gokulraj J., Tamizharasu M., Thirumurugan P., Surendra Kumar M.","doi":"10.9734/jpri/2023/v35i347477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jpri/2023/v35i347477","url":null,"abstract":"Tridax procumbens Linn is a native of tropical America and has naturalized in tropical Africa, Asia, and Australia. It is a wild plant that may be found all throughout India. It has been widely utilized in the Ayurvedic medical system and is prescribed as \"Bhringraj\" by some Ayurvedic doctors. In India, a weed known as \"Jayanti Veda\" is called Tridax procumbens L. Asteraceae's Tridax Procumbens Linn., sometimes known as coat buttons. Pharmacognostic studies are very important since the parameters estimated are the identity of a particular plant and they are very useful to authenticate the plant under study and prevent it from adulteration and substitution. complete botanical evaluation which comprises macroscopic, microscopy physicochemical parameters like loss on drying extractive value, ash value and to investigate the Phytochemical present the extract in the preliminary level were carried out for the quality control of the drug.Pharmacognostic studies are crucial because the estimated parameters help identify a specific plant. They are also highly helpful to authenticate the plant being studied and guard against adulteration and substitution.","PeriodicalId":16718,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International","volume":"12 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139162096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2023/v35i337475
Gboko Abiba Ouattara, Kamagaté Tidiane, K. Dosso, Boni Ahoussi Pascal, Touré Abdoulaye, Kablan Ahmont Landry Claude
Aim: To highlight the phytochemical constituents and evaluate the antioxidant activity of the aqueous (KsA) and 70% hydroethanolic (KsE) extracts of the bark of Khaya senegalensis (a medicinal plant used in the north of Ivory Coast). Study Design: The search for antioxidant molecules by scientists remains today a new alternative to overcome several pathologies linked to oxidative stress. The present study is a part of this perspective. Methodology: Phytochemical screening was carried out by precipitation and/or staining methods. As for the antioxidant power of the extracts, it was evaluated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical reduction method. Results: Phytochemical screening results showed that KsE contains the following groups of secondary metabolites: sterols and terpenes, total polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins and alkaloids. The KsA extract contains the saponins and the same chemical composition as KsE without the alkaloids and terpene compounds. The DPPH test revealed significant antioxidant activity of the two extracts close to that of gallic acid (IC50 =3.6 ± 0.02 µg/mL) with IC50 of 6.4 ± 0.02 µg/mL and 7.5 ± 0.01 µg/mL for KsE and KsA respectively. Conclusion: Ultimately, the richness of K. senegalensis extracts in secondary metabolites with antioxidant effects could be at the origin of its traditional use in the treatment of diseases.
{"title":"Phytochemical Screening and in vitro Antioxidant Activity of the Stem Bark of Khaya senegalensis (Desv.) A.Juss., a Medicinal Plant from Northern Ivory Coast","authors":"Gboko Abiba Ouattara, Kamagaté Tidiane, K. Dosso, Boni Ahoussi Pascal, Touré Abdoulaye, Kablan Ahmont Landry Claude","doi":"10.9734/jpri/2023/v35i337475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jpri/2023/v35i337475","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To highlight the phytochemical constituents and evaluate the antioxidant activity of the aqueous (KsA) and 70% hydroethanolic (KsE) extracts of the bark of Khaya senegalensis (a medicinal plant used in the north of Ivory Coast). Study Design: The search for antioxidant molecules by scientists remains today a new alternative to overcome several pathologies linked to oxidative stress. The present study is a part of this perspective. Methodology: Phytochemical screening was carried out by precipitation and/or staining methods. As for the antioxidant power of the extracts, it was evaluated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical reduction method. Results: Phytochemical screening results showed that KsE contains the following groups of secondary metabolites: sterols and terpenes, total polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins and alkaloids. The KsA extract contains the saponins and the same chemical composition as KsE without the alkaloids and terpene compounds. The DPPH test revealed significant antioxidant activity of the two extracts close to that of gallic acid (IC50 =3.6 ± 0.02 µg/mL) with IC50 of 6.4 ± 0.02 µg/mL and 7.5 ± 0.01 µg/mL for KsE and KsA respectively. Conclusion: Ultimately, the richness of K. senegalensis extracts in secondary metabolites with antioxidant effects could be at the origin of its traditional use in the treatment of diseases.","PeriodicalId":16718,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International","volume":"68 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139162793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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