Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1007/s10340-025-01968-1
Carmel Katz, Michael Ben-Yosef, Eitan Goldshtein, Gilad Gefen, Yafit Cohen
The spatial proximity of urban settlements to agricultural lands has been linked to increased pest pressure in crop fields. However, it remains unclear which features of urban landscapes contribute most to pest persistence and spillover. We integrated nationwide pest monitoring data (2900 traps, 2017–2023) with high-resolution spatial layers of urban land cover to examine how settlement characteristics influence medfly ( Ceratitis capitata ) abundance in adjacent citrus orchards. Using an ecoinformatics approach, we combined geospatial analysis, remote sensing data, and spatiotemporal generalized additive models to assess the effects of proximity to settlements, seasonal variation, and urban landscape features, including vegetation and built-up cover, on pest abundance. Vegetation cover in settlements was positively linked to medfly abundance at close distances, supporting the hypothesis that untended urban greenery sustains pest populations, while low building cover and high impervious cover were also associated with elevated medfly levels. These findings highlight the importance of urban land cover structure in shaping pest dynamics at the urban-agricultural interface and underscore the value of high-resolution spatial data for informing area-wide pest management strategies.
{"title":"Urban-agricultural interface: assessing the effect of urban habitat characteristics on the occurrence of the Mediterranean fruit fly in peri-urban citrus orchards","authors":"Carmel Katz, Michael Ben-Yosef, Eitan Goldshtein, Gilad Gefen, Yafit Cohen","doi":"10.1007/s10340-025-01968-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-025-01968-1","url":null,"abstract":"The spatial proximity of urban settlements to agricultural lands has been linked to increased pest pressure in crop fields. However, it remains unclear which features of urban landscapes contribute most to pest persistence and spillover. We integrated nationwide pest monitoring data (2900 traps, 2017–2023) with high-resolution spatial layers of urban land cover to examine how settlement characteristics influence medfly ( <jats:italic>Ceratitis capitata</jats:italic> ) abundance in adjacent citrus orchards. Using an ecoinformatics approach, we combined geospatial analysis, remote sensing data, and spatiotemporal generalized additive models to assess the effects of proximity to settlements, seasonal variation, and urban landscape features, including vegetation and built-up cover, on pest abundance. Vegetation cover in settlements was positively linked to medfly abundance at close distances, supporting the hypothesis that untended urban greenery sustains pest populations, while low building cover and high impervious cover were also associated with elevated medfly levels. These findings highlight the importance of urban land cover structure in shaping pest dynamics at the urban-agricultural interface and underscore the value of high-resolution spatial data for informing area-wide pest management strategies.","PeriodicalId":16736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pest Science","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145753159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1007/s10340-025-01982-3
Bader Z. Albogami, Saeed M. Alasmari, Gomah E. Nenaah, Shrook G. Nenaah
{"title":"Nanoemulsification of sage essential oil and camphor, a principal monoterpene enhanced insecticidal bioactivity against the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae: a sustainable green approach for pest control","authors":"Bader Z. Albogami, Saeed M. Alasmari, Gomah E. Nenaah, Shrook G. Nenaah","doi":"10.1007/s10340-025-01982-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-025-01982-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pest Science","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145753152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1007/s10340-025-01986-z
Qingqing Zhang, Xingyuan Men, Cang Hui, Fang Ouyang, Feng Ge
Ensuring future food security represents a significant challenge for humanity. Wheat pests and diseases are emerging threats to global food security. However, the key factors contributing to the uneven distribution of pests and diseases remain largely unknown due to insufficient observational data from major crop-producing regions. Here, on the basis of a unique historical dataset with more than 600 statistical records, we found an increased occurrence of wheat pests and diseases in China during 2000–2018. Various pests and diseases have largely different responses to climate change, crop simplification, agricultural activities and economic development. Rising temperatures expanded the distribution range of wheat mites while reducing the prevalence of underground pests. Increased precipitation decreased the incidence of aphids, wheat mites, wheat midge, and underground pests, while promoting the spread of wheat scab. Effective irrigation suppressed wheat mites, underground pests, and wheat rust, whereas fertilizer application reduced aphids, wheat midge, and wheat scab but significantly increased wheat mites and wheat rust. Gross domestic product (GDP) increased incidence of wheat midge; aging population increased percentage of occurrence area of aphids, wheat scab and wheat powdery mildew. Crop simplification significantly increased the occurrence of underground pests and wheat powdery mildew, and was strongly correlated with increased pesticide use, which in turn was associated with higher pest and disease incidence. Furthermore, rising temperatures and the overall increase in pest and disease occurrence exacerbated wheat yield losses, whereas effective irrigation mitigated these losses by suppressing pests and diseases. These observational findings emphasize the critical role of appropriate irrigation strategies in mitigating the increasing risks of pests and diseases under climate change, thereby supporting global food security.
{"title":"Irrigation mitigates wheat yield loss by pests and diseases under global change across China","authors":"Qingqing Zhang, Xingyuan Men, Cang Hui, Fang Ouyang, Feng Ge","doi":"10.1007/s10340-025-01986-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-025-01986-z","url":null,"abstract":"Ensuring future food security represents a significant challenge for humanity. Wheat pests and diseases are emerging threats to global food security. However, the key factors contributing to the uneven distribution of pests and diseases remain largely unknown due to insufficient observational data from major crop-producing regions. Here, on the basis of a unique historical dataset with more than 600 statistical records, we found an increased occurrence of wheat pests and diseases in China during 2000–2018. Various pests and diseases have largely different responses to climate change, crop simplification, agricultural activities and economic development. Rising temperatures expanded the distribution range of wheat mites while reducing the prevalence of underground pests. Increased precipitation decreased the incidence of aphids, wheat mites, wheat midge, and underground pests, while promoting the spread of wheat scab. Effective irrigation suppressed wheat mites, underground pests, and wheat rust, whereas fertilizer application reduced aphids, wheat midge, and wheat scab but significantly increased wheat mites and wheat rust. Gross domestic product (GDP) increased incidence of wheat midge; aging population increased percentage of occurrence area of aphids, wheat scab and wheat powdery mildew. Crop simplification significantly increased the occurrence of underground pests and wheat powdery mildew, and was strongly correlated with increased pesticide use, which in turn was associated with higher pest and disease incidence. Furthermore, rising temperatures and the overall increase in pest and disease occurrence exacerbated wheat yield losses, whereas effective irrigation mitigated these losses by suppressing pests and diseases. These observational findings emphasize the critical role of appropriate irrigation strategies in mitigating the increasing risks of pests and diseases under climate change, thereby supporting global food security.","PeriodicalId":16736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pest Science","volume":"166 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145753153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1007/s10340-025-01998-9
Zhuo Yu, Liwen Feng, Mohao Xiong, Wenfeng Hu, Jun Zhong, Cong Zhang, Marylène Poirié, Jean-Luc Gatti, Bin Xia, Bin Wan
{"title":"Differential cellular and humoral immune responses of the Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri to its ecto- and endoparasitoids","authors":"Zhuo Yu, Liwen Feng, Mohao Xiong, Wenfeng Hu, Jun Zhong, Cong Zhang, Marylène Poirié, Jean-Luc Gatti, Bin Xia, Bin Wan","doi":"10.1007/s10340-025-01998-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-025-01998-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pest Science","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145703981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1007/s10340-025-01997-w
Yonghui Song, Jie Wang, Xiaohan Yao, Chang Liu, Lu Gao, Lisi Wang, Yihua Yang, Yidong Wu, Ya-Zhou He
{"title":"Redundant targeting with multiple sgRNAs enables rapid genetic screening in the lepidopteran pest Helicoverpa armigera","authors":"Yonghui Song, Jie Wang, Xiaohan Yao, Chang Liu, Lu Gao, Lisi Wang, Yihua Yang, Yidong Wu, Ya-Zhou He","doi":"10.1007/s10340-025-01997-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-025-01997-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pest Science","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145703982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-06DOI: 10.1007/s10340-025-01990-3
Priscilla Farina, Barbara Conti, Angelo Canale, Andrea Lucchi, Stefano Vanin, Giovanni Benelli
{"title":"Calliphora vomitoria: both the beauty and the beast","authors":"Priscilla Farina, Barbara Conti, Angelo Canale, Andrea Lucchi, Stefano Vanin, Giovanni Benelli","doi":"10.1007/s10340-025-01990-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-025-01990-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pest Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145680239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-05DOI: 10.1007/s10340-025-01969-0
Ana Paula Vanin, Mateus Torres Nazari, Daniela Dal Castel Krein, Aline Rubert, Vera Analise Schommer, Leticia Priscilla Arantes, Natacha Melo, Aline Dettmer, Luciane Maria Colla, Jeferson Steffanello Piccin
{"title":"Bacillus spp. as eco-friendly agents for the biocontrol of plant-parasitic nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.)","authors":"Ana Paula Vanin, Mateus Torres Nazari, Daniela Dal Castel Krein, Aline Rubert, Vera Analise Schommer, Leticia Priscilla Arantes, Natacha Melo, Aline Dettmer, Luciane Maria Colla, Jeferson Steffanello Piccin","doi":"10.1007/s10340-025-01969-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-025-01969-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pest Science","volume":"138 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145680316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-05DOI: 10.1007/s10340-025-01966-3
Zhivko Minchev, Beatriz Ramírez-Serrano, David Giron, Roxina Soler, Víctor Flors, María J. Pozo
Tuta absoluta is an invasive insect pest and major threat to global tomato production, as current management approaches fail to lower its incidence below the targeted economic threshold. While microbe-induced resistance (microbe-IR) is widely documented under controlled conditions, its implementation in the field is challenging due to context-dependency and our limited knowledge on the underlying mechanisms. We recently showed that different fungal bioinoculants reduced the natural incidence of T. absoluta as part of Integrated Pest Management under real production conditions. Here we focus on the underlying mechanisms studying the ability of these fungi to boost tomato direct defenses against the pest and exploring the metabolic changes involved. Trichoderma afroharzianum , Funneliformis mosseae and Rhizophagus irregularis consistently enhanced tomato resistance to T. absoluta across different experimental conditions. Untargeted metabolomics revealed a metabolic reprogramming in leaves of the inoculated plants and primed responses to the attacker associated to the microbe-IR phenotype. Upon herbivory, fungal-inoculated plants showed a limited activation of the carbohydrate and vitamin metabolism, both important for insect nutrition, and an increase of the phenylpropanoid metabolism related to defense. We identified metabolites whose concentrations negatively correlate with T. absoluta fitness and show a primed accumulation in resistant plants. Among them, azelaic acid and feruloylputrescine showed anti-herbivore activity, inhibiting the development of the leaf miner when exogenously applied to tomato plants. The results demonstrate that root-colonizing fungi prime the plant’s ability to activate its secondary metabolism in response to herbivory, triggering microbe-IR that can effectively contribute to control important pests as T. absoluta .
{"title":"Beneficial soil fungi induce resistance to the tomato leaf miner Tuta absoluta through primed accumulation of antiherbivory compounds","authors":"Zhivko Minchev, Beatriz Ramírez-Serrano, David Giron, Roxina Soler, Víctor Flors, María J. Pozo","doi":"10.1007/s10340-025-01966-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-025-01966-3","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:italic>Tuta absoluta</jats:italic> is an invasive insect pest and major threat to global tomato production, as current management approaches fail to lower its incidence below the targeted economic threshold. While microbe-induced resistance (microbe-IR) is widely documented under controlled conditions, its implementation in the field is challenging due to context-dependency and our limited knowledge on the underlying mechanisms. We recently showed that different fungal bioinoculants reduced the natural incidence of <jats:italic>T. absoluta</jats:italic> as part of Integrated Pest Management under real production conditions. Here we focus on the underlying mechanisms studying the ability of these fungi to boost tomato direct defenses against the pest and exploring the metabolic changes involved. <jats:italic>Trichoderma afroharzianum</jats:italic> , <jats:italic>Funneliformis mosseae</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Rhizophagus irregularis</jats:italic> consistently enhanced tomato resistance to <jats:italic>T. absoluta</jats:italic> across different experimental conditions. Untargeted metabolomics revealed a metabolic reprogramming in leaves of the inoculated plants and primed responses to the attacker associated to the microbe-IR phenotype. Upon herbivory, fungal-inoculated plants showed a limited activation of the carbohydrate and vitamin metabolism, both important for insect nutrition, and an increase of the phenylpropanoid metabolism related to defense. We identified metabolites whose concentrations negatively correlate with <jats:italic>T. absoluta</jats:italic> fitness and show a primed accumulation in resistant plants. Among them, azelaic acid and feruloylputrescine showed anti-herbivore activity, inhibiting the development of the leaf miner when exogenously applied to tomato plants. The results demonstrate that root-colonizing fungi prime the plant’s ability to activate its secondary metabolism in response to herbivory, triggering microbe-IR that can effectively contribute to control important pests as <jats:italic>T. absoluta</jats:italic> .","PeriodicalId":16736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pest Science","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145680318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-05DOI: 10.1007/s10340-025-01973-4
Alberto Mele, Nicholas J. Mills, Jessica Canella, Enrico Mirandola, Enrico Ceccato, Paola Tirello, Davide Scaccini, Paul K. Abram, Alberto Pozzebon
Intentional introductions of the egg parasitoid Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) have been carried out in Italy since 2020 for the control of the invasive Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), with releases conducted along ecological corridors of untreated vegetation. These introductions took place in an area where unintentionally introduced populations of Trissolcus mitsukurii (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) were already present and adventive populations of T. japonicus were just beginning to establish. In this study, we investigated whether T. japonicus releases contributed to the impact of egg parasitism on H. halys populations, and what the total impact of egg parasitism on pest population growth was over four growing seasons (2020–2023) in ten kiwifruit orchards in Italy. Although higher parasitism by T. japonicus was observed in orchards adjacent to release sites, the total impact of egg parasitism on H. halys remained similar over the four years because an increasing prevalence of T. japonicus over the study period was strongly associated with a corresponding decrease in egg parasitism by T. mitsukurii . Using a parameterized stage-structured matrix model, we estimate that the joint action of T. mitsukurii and T. japonicus (average total egg parasitism: 33–39%) prevented an expected 18–29% increase in net reproductive rate ( R0 ) of H. halys over the four years of the study. This analysis suggests that irrespective of year-to-year temperature variation favoring pest reproduction and the displacement of T. mitsukurii by T. japonicus (hastened by releases), egg parasitism has been playing an important and consistent role in the biological control of H. halys .
{"title":"Population-level impact of egg parasitism on Halyomorpha halys despite a rapid shift in parasitoid species composition","authors":"Alberto Mele, Nicholas J. Mills, Jessica Canella, Enrico Mirandola, Enrico Ceccato, Paola Tirello, Davide Scaccini, Paul K. Abram, Alberto Pozzebon","doi":"10.1007/s10340-025-01973-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-025-01973-4","url":null,"abstract":"Intentional introductions of the egg parasitoid <jats:italic>Trissolcus japonicus</jats:italic> (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) have been carried out in Italy since 2020 for the control of the invasive <jats:italic>Halyomorpha halys</jats:italic> (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), with releases conducted along ecological corridors of untreated vegetation. These introductions took place in an area where unintentionally introduced populations of <jats:italic>Trissolcus mitsukurii</jats:italic> (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) were already present and adventive populations of <jats:italic>T. japonicus</jats:italic> were just beginning to establish. In this study, we investigated whether <jats:italic>T. japonicus</jats:italic> releases contributed to the impact of egg parasitism on <jats:italic>H. halys</jats:italic> populations, and what the total impact of egg parasitism on pest population growth was over four growing seasons (2020–2023) in ten kiwifruit orchards in Italy. Although higher parasitism by <jats:italic>T. japonicus</jats:italic> was observed in orchards adjacent to release sites, the total impact of egg parasitism on <jats:italic>H. halys</jats:italic> remained similar over the four years because an increasing prevalence of <jats:italic>T. japonicus</jats:italic> over the study period was strongly associated with a corresponding decrease in egg parasitism by <jats:italic>T. mitsukurii</jats:italic> . Using a parameterized stage-structured matrix model, we estimate that the joint action of <jats:italic>T. mitsukurii</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>T. japonicus</jats:italic> (average total egg parasitism: 33–39%) prevented an expected 18–29% increase in net reproductive rate ( <jats:italic>R</jats:italic> <jats:sub> <jats:italic>0</jats:italic> </jats:sub> ) of <jats:italic>H. halys</jats:italic> over the four years of the study. This analysis suggests that irrespective of year-to-year temperature variation favoring pest reproduction and the displacement of <jats:italic>T. mitsukurii</jats:italic> by <jats:italic>T. japonicus</jats:italic> (hastened by releases), egg parasitism has been playing an important and consistent role in the biological control of <jats:italic>H. halys</jats:italic> .","PeriodicalId":16736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pest Science","volume":"2675 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145680309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-05DOI: 10.1007/s10340-025-01964-5
Jin-Jia Yu, Warren Booth, Changlu Wang
The widespread resistance of the common bed bug, Cimex lectularius L., to pyrethroid insecticides poses major challenges to effective control. Resistance can be attributed to the presence of target-site DNA mutations and the upregulation of genes associated with metabolic detoxification; the former being easily assessed through sequencing of the para -type voltage-gated sodium channel. While studies have documented kdr- associated mutation frequencies, temporal investigations are lacking at a scale finer than the continental United States level. To address this knowledge gap, we sequenced 227 populations of C. lectularius , primarily collected over a 15 y period (2010–2024) from low-income, multi-unit buildings in New Jersey, to investigate the distribution and temporal dynamics of three kdr -associated mutations: V419L, L925I, and I936F. The V419L mutation was present in 95.3–100% of populations sampled across New Jersey, while it was absent from the five populations sampled in Indiana. Post 2014 the V419L mutation was fixed in all sampled populations. Across all temporal and regional samples, the L925I mutation was fixed (100%), whereas the I936F mutation was absent. Our results indicate that the double mutant, commonly referred to as haplotype C, is the predominant genotype across all populations, with haplotype B (L925I mutation only) absent after 2014. The prevalence of kdr- associated mutations emphasizes the need for continued resistance monitoring in concert with research into the evolution of resistance mechanisms to support future bed bug management.
{"title":"Widespread fixation of kdr-associated mutations in temporal samples of Cimex lectularius collected from multi-unit buildings","authors":"Jin-Jia Yu, Warren Booth, Changlu Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10340-025-01964-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-025-01964-5","url":null,"abstract":"The widespread resistance of the common bed bug, <jats:italic>Cimex lectularius</jats:italic> L., to pyrethroid insecticides poses major challenges to effective control. Resistance can be attributed to the presence of target-site DNA mutations and the upregulation of genes associated with metabolic detoxification; the former being easily assessed through sequencing of the <jats:italic>para</jats:italic> -type voltage-gated sodium channel. While studies have documented <jats:italic>kdr-</jats:italic> associated mutation frequencies, temporal investigations are lacking at a scale finer than the continental United States level. To address this knowledge gap, we sequenced 227 populations of <jats:italic>C. lectularius</jats:italic> , primarily collected over a 15 y period (2010–2024) from low-income, multi-unit buildings in New Jersey, to investigate the distribution and temporal dynamics of three <jats:italic>kdr</jats:italic> -associated mutations: V419L, L925I, and I936F. The V419L mutation was present in 95.3–100% of populations sampled across New Jersey, while it was absent from the five populations sampled in Indiana. Post 2014 the V419L mutation was fixed in all sampled populations. Across all temporal and regional samples, the L925I mutation was fixed (100%), whereas the I936F mutation was absent. Our results indicate that the double mutant, commonly referred to as haplotype C, is the predominant genotype across all populations, with haplotype B (L925I mutation only) absent after 2014. The prevalence of <jats:italic>kdr-</jats:italic> associated mutations emphasizes the need for continued resistance monitoring in concert with research into the evolution of resistance mechanisms to support future bed bug management.","PeriodicalId":16736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pest Science","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145680312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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