Pub Date : 2025-11-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113314
Pengqi Zhu , Xichen Sun , Ye Cai , Mingchen Zhao , Ruiping Zhang , Jinghua Sun
Excessive ultraviolet (UV) radiation is harmful to human health, leading to a range of skin issues including photoaging, sunburn, and skin cancer. Using sunscreen can help alleviate or provide temporary protection against the harmful effects of UV radiation. Commercial sunscreens frequently have low effectiveness and raise safety concerns. Therefore, a novel biocompatible polydopamine-intercalated MgAl-layered double hydroxides nanocomposite (PDA-LDH) was synthesized via in situ oxidation of dopamine within the interlayer of LDH at room temperature and without any additives. LDH can serve as an effective base to facilitate the formation of PDA without the need for an additional base, due to the ordered arrangement of basic hydroxyl groups on the surface of the LDH. The intercalation of PDA in the LDH interlayer ensures good biosafety, effective UV shielding, and excellent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties of PDA-LDH, making it suitable for skin photoprotection and the repair of photodamaged skin. PDA-LDH is poised to be a promising next-generation biomimetic sunscreen, designed to assist in the photoprotection and repair of photodamaged skin.
{"title":"Biomimetic polydopamine-intercalated MgAl-layered double hydroxide for effective skin photoprotection and photodamage recovery","authors":"Pengqi Zhu , Xichen Sun , Ye Cai , Mingchen Zhao , Ruiping Zhang , Jinghua Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Excessive ultraviolet (UV) radiation is harmful to human health, leading to a range of skin issues including photoaging, sunburn, and skin cancer. Using sunscreen can help alleviate or provide temporary protection against the harmful effects of UV radiation. Commercial sunscreens frequently have low effectiveness and raise safety concerns. Therefore, a novel biocompatible polydopamine-intercalated MgAl-layered double hydroxides nanocomposite (PDA-LDH) was synthesized via in situ oxidation of dopamine within the interlayer of LDH at room temperature and without any additives. LDH can serve as an effective base to facilitate the formation of PDA without the need for an additional base, due to the ordered arrangement of basic hydroxyl groups on the surface of the LDH. The intercalation of PDA in the LDH interlayer ensures good biosafety, effective UV shielding, and excellent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties of PDA-LDH, making it suitable for skin photoprotection and the repair of photodamaged skin. PDA-LDH is poised to be a promising next-generation biomimetic sunscreen, designed to assist in the photoprotection and repair of photodamaged skin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"274 ","pages":"Article 113314"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145622355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113315
Xiangyu Li , Yuheng An , Juntian Xu , Yaping Wu , John Beardall
Diatoms are major contributors to marine primary production and global carbon cycling, while they face increasing physiological stress from climate change–driven shifts in temperature, light regimes, and carbon availability. Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is a key enzyme in diatom carbon-concentrating mechanisms, catalyzing the reversible conversion of CO₂ and HCO₃− to facilitate carbon fixation. Here, we examined how CA inhibition influences the growth and photosynthetic performance of two morphologically distinct diatoms—Skeletonema costatum and Nitzschia sp. (centric vs. pennate)—under ultraviolet radiation (UVR) across three temperatures (15, 20, and 25 °C). Cultures were exposed to photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) or PAR + UVR (PAB), with or without ethoxyzolamide (EZ), a membrane-permeable CA inhibitor. In S. costatum, EZ completely suppressed growth at all temperatures, indicating a strong dependence on CA-mediated CO₂ supply. Nitzschia sp. maintained growth under EZ at 15 and 20 °C but was more affected at 25 °C, suggesting greater resilience through alternative carbon acquisition pathways. Photophysiological measurements showed that CA inhibition substantially reduced maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and light saturation point (Ik) in S. costatum, with smaller effects in Nitzschia. Under UVR, effective quantum yield (EQY) declined in both species, but the reduction was amplified by CA inhibition, most severely in S. costatum, where UVR-induced EQY inhibition exceeded 75 % at 25 °C. These results highlight that CA plays a critical role in mitigating UVR stress by sustaining CO₂ availability, and that species-specific traits, including differences in cell geometry, carbon uptake systems, and photoprotective capacity, modulate diatom vulnerability to combined warming and UVR. Such species-specific responses could drive shifts in diatom community composition and alter coastal carbon cycling under future climate scenarios.
{"title":"Carbonic anhydrase modulates photosynthetic responses to UV radiation in diatoms across temperature gradients","authors":"Xiangyu Li , Yuheng An , Juntian Xu , Yaping Wu , John Beardall","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diatoms are major contributors to marine primary production and global carbon cycling, while they face increasing physiological stress from climate change–driven shifts in temperature, light regimes, and carbon availability. Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is a key enzyme in diatom carbon-concentrating mechanisms, catalyzing the reversible conversion of CO₂ and HCO₃<sup>−</sup> to facilitate carbon fixation. Here, we examined how CA inhibition influences the growth and photosynthetic performance of two morphologically distinct diatoms—<em>Skeletonema costatum</em> and <em>Nitzschia</em> sp. (centric vs. pennate)—under ultraviolet radiation (UVR) across three temperatures (15, 20, and 25 °C). Cultures were exposed to photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) or PAR + UVR (PAB), with or without ethoxyzolamide (EZ), a membrane-permeable CA inhibitor. In <em>S. costatum</em>, EZ completely suppressed growth at all temperatures, indicating a strong dependence on CA-mediated CO₂ supply. <em>Nitzschia</em> sp. maintained growth under EZ at 15 and 20 °C but was more affected at 25 °C, suggesting greater resilience through alternative carbon acquisition pathways. Photophysiological measurements showed that CA inhibition substantially reduced maximum relative electron transport rate (rETR<sub>max</sub>) and light saturation point (I<sub>k</sub>) in <em>S. costatum</em>, with smaller effects in <em>Nitzschia</em>. Under UVR, effective quantum yield (EQY) declined in both species, but the reduction was amplified by CA inhibition, most severely in <em>S. costatum</em>, where UVR-induced EQY inhibition exceeded 75 % at 25 °C. These results highlight that CA plays a critical role in mitigating UVR stress by sustaining CO₂ availability, and that species-specific traits, including differences in cell geometry, carbon uptake systems, and photoprotective capacity, modulate diatom vulnerability to combined warming and UVR. Such species-specific responses could drive shifts in diatom community composition and alter coastal carbon cycling under future climate scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"274 ","pages":"Article 113315"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145578733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113312
Vladimir Lysenko , Ya Guo , Maria Ignatova , Ekaterina Tarik , Veronica Aslanyan , Tatyana Varduny , Anastasia Toptunova , Pavel Plyaka , Evgeniya Kirichenko , Pavel Dmitriev , Vladimir Krasnov
The processes of cyclic electron transport around photosystems I and II (CET-PSI and CET-PSII) do not lead to O2 evolution and CO2 assimilation and are referred to as anoxygenic photosynthesis a broad sense, in contrast to specific processes in bacteria, which are commonly referred to as anoxygenic photosynthesis in a narrow sense. CET-PSI has been studied much more extensively than CET-PSII. Attempts to quantify CET-PSI have yielded contradictory results. It is not detected in non-stressed C3-plants using photoacoustic methods but is commonly considered as being observed when using Antimycin А which was had previously been proposed as a CET-PSI inhibitor. However, most researchers ignore recent data showing that Antimycin А primarily inhibits rather CET-PSII then CET-PSI. These facts, along with others, suggest that the contribution of CET-PSI to photosynthesis of non-stressed C3-plants has been overestimated. Our analysis of the data in this field also shows the possibility of underestimating CET-PSII, as well as anoxygenic photosynthesis in total, which is not excluded from being dominated over oxygenic photosynthesis. We point out that CET-PSI and CET-PSII cannot be studied separately. The difficulties in the quantitative evaluation of CET-PSII can be solved using photoacoustic techniques, which are highly promising in studies of anoxygenic photosynthesis.
{"title":"Cyclic electron transport pathways around photosystems I and II: Working together","authors":"Vladimir Lysenko , Ya Guo , Maria Ignatova , Ekaterina Tarik , Veronica Aslanyan , Tatyana Varduny , Anastasia Toptunova , Pavel Plyaka , Evgeniya Kirichenko , Pavel Dmitriev , Vladimir Krasnov","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The processes of cyclic electron transport around photosystems I and II (CET-PSI and CET-PSII) do not lead to O<sub>2</sub> evolution and CO<sub>2</sub> assimilation and are referred to as anoxygenic photosynthesis a broad sense, in contrast to specific processes in bacteria, which are commonly referred to as anoxygenic photosynthesis in a narrow sense. CET-PSI has been studied much more extensively than CET-PSII. Attempts to quantify CET-PSI have yielded contradictory results. It is not detected in non-stressed C3-plants using photoacoustic methods but is commonly considered as being observed when using Antimycin А which was had previously been proposed as a CET-PSI inhibitor. However, most researchers ignore recent data showing that Antimycin А primarily inhibits rather CET-PSII then CET-PSI. These facts, along with others, suggest that the contribution of CET-PSI to photosynthesis of non-stressed C3-plants has been overestimated. Our analysis of the data in this field also shows the possibility of underestimating CET-PSII, as well as anoxygenic photosynthesis in total, which is not excluded from being dominated over oxygenic photosynthesis. We point out that CET-PSI and CET-PSII cannot be studied separately. The difficulties in the quantitative evaluation of CET-PSII can be solved using photoacoustic techniques, which are highly promising in studies of anoxygenic photosynthesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"274 ","pages":"Article 113312"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145596759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113311
Dong-Xia Fan , Ren-Wei-Yang Zhang , Jun-Lian Liu , Lu Fan , Hong-Xia Xiang , Zhong-Yuan Cheng , Kai Wang
Hydroxyl radicals (•OH) play a critical role in oxidative stress-related diseases, yet their real-time detection in vivo remains challenging. We developed a hydroxyl radical-responsive photoacoustic probe (OHP) by modifying IR780-SO3H with enhanced hydrophilicity (logP = −1.051) for improved biodistribution. Structural characterization confirmed the selective reduction of the conjugated system, while in vitro studies demonstrated OHP's selective and linear response to •OH with minimal interference from other ROS/RNS. In diabetic mice, OHP enabled dynamic monitoring of hepatic •OH levels, revealing elevated oxidative stress that was attenuated by metformin treatment. Ex vivo fluorescence imaging and histopathology validated the imaging results, showing strong correlation with disease severity. Biosafety assessments confirmed negligible cytotoxicity in cells and mice. OHP represents a sensitive, selective, and biocompatible tool for non-invasive •OH detection, offering potential for studying oxidative stress and therapeutic interventions.
{"title":"A sulfonate-modified cyanine-based photoacoustic probe for selective detection of hydroxyl radicals in diabetic liver injury","authors":"Dong-Xia Fan , Ren-Wei-Yang Zhang , Jun-Lian Liu , Lu Fan , Hong-Xia Xiang , Zhong-Yuan Cheng , Kai Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydroxyl radicals (•OH) play a critical role in oxidative stress-related diseases, yet their real-time detection <em>in vivo</em> remains challenging. We developed a hydroxyl radical-responsive photoacoustic probe (OHP) by modifying IR780-SO<sub>3</sub>H with enhanced hydrophilicity (logP = −1.051) for improved biodistribution. Structural characterization confirmed the selective reduction of the conjugated system, while <em>in vitro</em> studies demonstrated OHP's selective and linear response to •OH with minimal interference from other ROS/RNS. In diabetic mice, OHP enabled dynamic monitoring of hepatic •OH levels, revealing elevated oxidative stress that was attenuated by metformin treatment. <em>Ex vivo</em> fluorescence imaging and histopathology validated the imaging results, showing strong correlation with disease severity. Biosafety assessments confirmed negligible cytotoxicity in cells and mice. OHP represents a sensitive, selective, and biocompatible tool for non-invasive •OH detection, offering potential for studying oxidative stress and therapeutic interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"274 ","pages":"Article 113311"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145604752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The increasing demand for multifunctional, biocompatible nanomaterials has spurred the exploration of hybrid systems with synergistic antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, and regenerative properties. In this study, polydopamine (PDA)-based nanocomposites incorporating graphene oxide (PDA–GO) and graphene quantum dots (PDA–GQD) were synthesized and systematically characterized for their physicochemical and biological functionalities. The nanocomposites raised temperature > 50 °C within 5 min under 808 nm laser irradiation (1.5 W/cm2, 250 μg/mL). Both composites showed antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (Gram-positive), achieving >99 % bacterial eradication under 10 min NIR irradiation at 125 μg/mL, indicating a combined photothermal (PT) and oxidative mechanism. In parallel, in vitro cytotoxicity assays revealed selective toxicity toward MCF-7 cancer cells—reducing viability to 95 % viability of normal L929 fibroblasts. Antioxidant assays confirmed >80 % DPPH radical scavenging at 250 μg/mL, supporting their potential in oxidative stress modulation. Furthermore, scratch wound healing assays demonstrated ∼100 % wound closure within 48 h in NIR-irradiated PDA–GO/PDA–GQD groups. Intracellular H₂O₂ generation reached up to 30.5 μM in MCF-7 cells under laser, enabling dual PT–photodynamic (PD) therapy. Altogether, these findings position PDA–GO and PDA–GQD nanocomposites as versatile platforms for integrated antibacterial, anticancer, and wound-healing therapies, highlighting their promise for future biomedical applications beyond conventional monofunctional approaches.
{"title":"Multifunctional PDA–graphene family nanocomposites for antibacterial and anticancer photothermal therapy","authors":"Sepehr Kamalzadeh , Kowsar Moradi , Amir Keshavarz Afshar, Matin Mahmoudifard","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113310","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing demand for multifunctional, biocompatible nanomaterials has spurred the exploration of hybrid systems with synergistic antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, and regenerative properties. In this study, polydopamine (PDA)-based nanocomposites incorporating graphene oxide (PDA–GO) and graphene quantum dots (PDA–GQD) were synthesized and systematically characterized for their physicochemical and biological functionalities. The nanocomposites raised temperature > 50 °C within 5 min under 808 nm laser irradiation (1.5 W/cm<sup>2</sup>, 250 μg/mL). Both composites showed antibacterial activity against <em>Escherichia coli (E. coli)</em> (Gram-negative) and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (<em>S. aureus)</em> (Gram-positive), achieving >99 % bacterial eradication under 10 min NIR irradiation at 125 μg/mL, indicating a combined photothermal (PT) and oxidative mechanism. In parallel, in vitro cytotoxicity assays revealed selective toxicity toward MCF-7 cancer cells—reducing viability to 95 % viability of normal L929 fibroblasts. Antioxidant assays confirmed >80 % DPPH radical scavenging at 250 μg/mL, supporting their potential in oxidative stress modulation. Furthermore, scratch wound healing assays demonstrated ∼100 % wound closure within 48 h in NIR-irradiated PDA–GO/PDA–GQD groups. Intracellular H₂O₂ generation reached up to 30.5 μM in MCF-7 cells under laser, enabling dual PT–photodynamic (PD) therapy. Altogether, these findings position PDA–GO and PDA–GQD nanocomposites as versatile platforms for integrated antibacterial, anticancer, and wound-healing therapies, highlighting their promise for future biomedical applications beyond conventional monofunctional approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"274 ","pages":"Article 113310"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145555255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113309
Zhiwei Chen , Lichun Ye , Linjiao Zhu , Lei Zhou , Chiqing Chen , Qi Wang , Yan Meng , Xinyan Chen , Guohua Zheng , Junjie Hu , Zhaohua Shi
Background
Photoaging is a significant contributor to accelerated skin aging, primarily driven by ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation exposure, which induces damage to skin tissues. Tannic acid (TA), a high-molecular-weight, water-soluble polyphenolic compound abundant in Galla chinensis and other plant sources, exhibits remarkable antioxidant properties. This study aimed to investigate the effects of TA on UVB-induced skin photoaging and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying.
Methods
In vitro, TA was applied to UVB-irradiated human skin fibroblast (HSF) cells. we measured cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS), markers of cellular senescence, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The potential mechanism of TA was explored using RNA sequencing and further verified by Western blotting and administration of ferroptosis inducers. In vivo, we employed a UVB-induced Balb/C mouse model of photoaging to assess epidermal thickness and collagen fiber density. Tissue levels of antioxidant enzymes were also examined, and the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and ferroptosis-related protein levels were detected by Western blotting.
Results
TA demonstrated efficacy in mitigating UVB-induced photoaging in fibroblasts. It attenuates oxidative stress damage, inhibited the onset of ferroptosis by modulating MAPK signaling, reduces Fe2+ accumulation, and activated the NRF2/SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling cascade, thereby alleviating photoaging. Furthermore, TA ameliorated UVB-induced epidermal thickening and collagen disruption in mice.
Conclusion
This study underscores the protective effects of TA against UVB-induced photoaging in HSF cells and skin tissue. These findings provide a robust theoretical foundation for the development of TA-based natural products intended for anti-photoaging applications.
{"title":"Tannic acid prevents UVB-induced skin photoaging by regulating ferroptosis through NRF2/SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling","authors":"Zhiwei Chen , Lichun Ye , Linjiao Zhu , Lei Zhou , Chiqing Chen , Qi Wang , Yan Meng , Xinyan Chen , Guohua Zheng , Junjie Hu , Zhaohua Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113309","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113309","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Photoaging is a significant contributor to accelerated skin aging, primarily driven by ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation exposure, which induces damage to skin tissues. Tannic acid (TA), a high-molecular-weight, water-soluble polyphenolic compound abundant in <em>Galla chinensis</em> and other plant sources, exhibits remarkable antioxidant properties. This study aimed to investigate the effects of TA on UVB-induced skin photoaging and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In vitro, TA was applied to UVB-irradiated human skin fibroblast (HSF) cells. we measured cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS), markers of cellular senescence, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The potential mechanism of TA was explored using RNA sequencing and further verified by Western blotting and administration of ferroptosis inducers. In vivo, we employed a UVB-induced Balb/C mouse model of photoaging to assess epidermal thickness and collagen fiber density. Tissue levels of antioxidant enzymes were also examined, and the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and ferroptosis-related protein levels were detected by Western blotting.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>TA demonstrated efficacy in mitigating UVB-induced photoaging in fibroblasts. It attenuates oxidative stress damage, inhibited the onset of ferroptosis by modulating MAPK signaling, reduces Fe<sup>2+</sup> accumulation, and activated the NRF2/SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling cascade, thereby alleviating photoaging. Furthermore, TA ameliorated UVB-induced epidermal thickening and collagen disruption in mice.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study underscores the protective effects of TA against UVB-induced photoaging in HSF cells and skin tissue. These findings provide a robust theoretical foundation for the development of TA-based natural products intended for anti-photoaging applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 113309"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145541154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113308
Aya E. Mohamed , Wafaa R. Mohamed , Mai A. Elhemely , El-Shaimaa A. Arafa , Hany A. Omar , Tarek Mohamed
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis due to the absence of target receptors, which limits treatment options to cytotoxic chemotherapy, particularly cisplatin. Severe adverse effects and cellular resistance limit cisplatin therapy. Laser-based therapies hold promise as adjunctive approaches with potent anti-tumor properties. This study evaluates the effects of femtosecond laser (FSL) on the MDA-MB-231 cell line alone and in combination with cisplatin. Cells were exposed to varying parameters, including wavelength (690, 750, 830, 888, and 920 nm), exposure time (10, 15, 20, and 30 min), and power settings (150, 200, 250, and 300 mW). Results revealed that 920 nm significantly reduced cell viability relative to the control. Adding cisplatin after FSL (920 nm) significantly reduced cell viability relative to cisplatin. By varying exposure time and power, 30 min of exposure significantly reduced viability relative to 15 and 20 min, and 200 mW was the most effective power compared to 250 mW and 300 mW. Trypan blue and Rhodamine 6G staining revealed that FSL + cisplatin showed a marked reduction in cell number and vesicle-like structures with condensed or absent nuclei. UV–Vis spectrophotometry showed a peak at 230 nm of intracellular cisplatin with absorbance lower in the FSL + cisplatin compared to cisplatin. These findings highlight the potential of FSL as a novel adjunctive therapy with cisplatin in TNBC treatment. By enhancing cisplatin efficacy, FSL irradiation offers a promising strategy, allowing the use of reduced doses with few adverse effects. Further studies are warranted to explore the clinical applicability of this approach.
{"title":"Optimizing femtosecond laser parameters to enhance cisplatin efficacy in triple-negative breast cancer cells","authors":"Aya E. Mohamed , Wafaa R. Mohamed , Mai A. Elhemely , El-Shaimaa A. Arafa , Hany A. Omar , Tarek Mohamed","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113308","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113308","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis due to the absence of target receptors, which limits treatment options to cytotoxic chemotherapy, particularly cisplatin. Severe adverse effects and cellular resistance limit cisplatin therapy. Laser-based therapies hold promise as adjunctive approaches with potent anti-tumor properties. This study evaluates the effects of femtosecond laser (FSL) on the MDA-MB-231 cell line alone and in combination with cisplatin. Cells were exposed to varying parameters, including wavelength (690, 750, 830, 888, and 920 nm), exposure time (10, 15, 20, and 30 min), and power settings (150, 200, 250, and 300 mW). Results revealed that 920 nm significantly reduced cell viability relative to the control. Adding cisplatin after FSL (920 nm) significantly reduced cell viability relative to cisplatin. By varying exposure time and power, 30 min of exposure significantly reduced viability relative to 15 and 20 min, and 200 mW was the most effective power compared to 250 mW and 300 mW. Trypan blue and Rhodamine 6G staining revealed that FSL + cisplatin showed a marked reduction in cell number and vesicle-like structures with condensed or absent nuclei. UV–Vis spectrophotometry showed a peak at 230 nm of intracellular cisplatin with absorbance lower in the FSL + cisplatin compared to cisplatin. These findings highlight the potential of FSL as a novel adjunctive therapy with cisplatin in TNBC treatment. By enhancing cisplatin efficacy, FSL irradiation offers a promising strategy, allowing the use of reduced doses with few adverse effects. Further studies are warranted to explore the clinical applicability of this approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"274 ","pages":"Article 113308"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145622353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-13DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113307
Guangming Tang , Yi Zhang , Zhong-Ji Qian
Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation, a primary cause of skin photoaging, triggers oxidative stress, inflammation, barrier dysfunction, and apoptosis in keratinocytes. New marine-derived benzaldehyde compound B-1 (Asperterrol), isolated from the coral-associated fungus Aspergillus terreus C23–3, has been demonstrated to have multifaceted protective effects against UVB-induced photoaging in HaCaT keratinocytes. This study revealed that B-1 restores cell viability at concentrations ranging from 2.5 to 10 μM and significantly reduces ROS overproduction, particularly at 10 μM, comparable to untreated controls. Mechanistically, B-1 activated the Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway by promoting Nrf2 nuclear translocation and enhancing superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) expression, as evidenced by molecular docking showing stable hydrogen bonding with nuclear factor (Nrf2) residues (Val606 and Ile559). Concurrently, B-1 suppressed ultraviolet radiation B (UVB)-triggered inflammation via dose-dependent inhibition of inhibitor of NF-kB alpha (IκBα) phosphorylation and NF-κB/MAPK signaling, reducing cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-1β levels. Notably, B-1 upregulated skin barrier proteins Filaggrin and Involucrin, thereby counteracting UVB-induced barrier dysfunction. Furthermore, B-1 further mitigated apoptosis by normalizing the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and suppressing caspase-3 and caspase-9 activation while enhancing early-stage cell migration. These findings underscore the potential of B-1 as a promising multitarget agent against UVB-driven skin damage, bridging marine fungal resources to dermatological innovation.
{"title":"New Asperterol from the coral associated fungus Aspergillus terreus, which protects against UVB induced damage through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and barrier repair mechanisms","authors":"Guangming Tang , Yi Zhang , Zhong-Ji Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113307","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113307","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation, a primary cause of skin photoaging, triggers oxidative stress, inflammation, barrier dysfunction, and apoptosis in keratinocytes. New marine-derived benzaldehyde compound <strong>B-1</strong> (Asperterrol), isolated from the coral-associated fungus <em>Aspergillus terreus</em> C23–3, has been demonstrated to have multifaceted protective effects against UVB-induced photoaging in HaCaT keratinocytes. This study revealed that <strong>B-1</strong> restores cell viability at concentrations ranging from 2.5 to 10 μM and significantly reduces ROS overproduction, particularly at 10 μM, comparable to untreated controls. Mechanistically, <strong>B-1</strong> activated the Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway by promoting Nrf2 nuclear translocation and enhancing superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) expression, as evidenced by molecular docking showing stable hydrogen bonding with nuclear factor (Nrf2) residues (Val606 and Ile559). Concurrently, <strong>B-1</strong> suppressed ultraviolet radiation B (UVB)-triggered inflammation via dose-dependent inhibition of inhibitor of NF-kB alpha (IκBα) phosphorylation and NF-κB/MAPK signaling, reducing cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-1β levels. Notably, <strong>B-1</strong> upregulated skin barrier proteins Filaggrin and Involucrin, thereby counteracting UVB-induced barrier dysfunction. Furthermore, <strong>B-1</strong> further mitigated apoptosis by normalizing the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and suppressing caspase-3 and caspase-9 activation while enhancing early-stage cell migration. These findings underscore the potential of <strong>B-1</strong> as a promising multitarget agent against UVB-driven skin damage, bridging marine fungal resources to dermatological innovation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 113307"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145517668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113306
Sofia Oliveira , Francisca Monteiro , Susana O. Catarino , Betina B. Hinckel , Ioannis Sotiropoulos , Ana Leal , Filipe S. Silva , Óscar Carvalho
This work focuses on the development and validation of a multi-modal stimulation device for in vitro cell culture systems. The device was designed to stimulate cells or tissues placed on 12-well culture plates. It is connected to customized software that controls the parameters of photobiomodulation (PBM) and ultrasound stimulation (US) through light-emitting diodes and piezoelectric disks, respectively. A wide range of stimulation protocols can be explored by modulating central frequency or wavelength, power density, and duration. Four different cell lines were used to validate the safety and functionality of the device. Human osteoblasts, chondrocytes, periodontal ligament fibroblasts, and mouse-derived neuronal cells were cultured and stimulated daily with ultrasound (1.0 MHz, 100 mW/cm2, 5 min), light (810 nm, 7.5 mW/cm2, 5 min) and combined stimuli. After three days, metabolic activity and proliferation were assessed. Different cell types demonstrated distinct biological responses to the stimuli, as osteoblasts and chondrocytes showed increased metabolic activity after combined stimulation or PBM, while the metabolic activity of human fibroblasts or neuronal-like cells was unchanged after three days. This highlights the importance of a rigorous optimization of stimulation protocols according to the target tissue. The safety of the device and its sterilization conditions were demonstrated as there was no cell death or contamination during in vitro stimulation. This work features a feasible, safe, and effective multi-modal stimulation device that can provide a wide range of stimulation protocols to better understand their effect on cells or tissues.
{"title":"Development and validation of a multi-modal customized device to stimulate in vitro cell culture systems","authors":"Sofia Oliveira , Francisca Monteiro , Susana O. Catarino , Betina B. Hinckel , Ioannis Sotiropoulos , Ana Leal , Filipe S. Silva , Óscar Carvalho","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113306","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work focuses on the development and validation of a multi-modal stimulation device for <em>in vitro</em> cell culture systems. The device was designed to stimulate cells or tissues placed on 12-well culture plates. It is connected to customized software that controls the parameters of photobiomodulation (PBM) and ultrasound stimulation (US) through light-emitting diodes and piezoelectric disks, respectively. A wide range of stimulation protocols can be explored by modulating central frequency or wavelength, power density, and duration. Four different cell lines were used to validate the safety and functionality of the device. Human osteoblasts, chondrocytes, periodontal ligament fibroblasts, and mouse-derived neuronal cells were cultured and stimulated daily with ultrasound (1.0 MHz, 100 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>, 5 min), light (810 nm, 7.5 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>, 5 min) and combined stimuli. After three days, metabolic activity and proliferation were assessed. Different cell types demonstrated distinct biological responses to the stimuli, as osteoblasts and chondrocytes showed increased metabolic activity after combined stimulation or PBM, while the metabolic activity of human fibroblasts or neuronal-like cells was unchanged after three days. This highlights the importance of a rigorous optimization of stimulation protocols according to the target tissue. The safety of the device and its sterilization conditions were demonstrated as there was no cell death or contamination during <em>in vitro</em> stimulation. This work features a feasible, safe, and effective multi-modal stimulation device that can provide a wide range of stimulation protocols to better understand their effect on cells or tissues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 113306"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145517629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113305
Hengtong Fan , Zejun Ren , Shuqi Chen , Tingting Huang , Guoxiong Liu , Yashou Guo , Yan Zheng , Yifan Cheng , Xing Li , Yibo Mei , Yuhang Chen , Huihui Tuo , Lijiang Gu , Dalin He , Jin Zeng
Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory skin disease closely linked to the abnormal colonization and proliferation of Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes). Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as an ideal treatment. However, it still faces challenges such as low reactive oxygen species (ROS) production rates with porphyrin-based photosensitizers and low activation efficiency of conventional red light. This study investigated the in vitro and in vivo bactericidal effects of sinoporphyrin sodium (DVDMS) combined with a novel 450 nm blue laser-mediated photodynamic therapy (BL-PDT) on C. acnes, and explored the potential mechanisms, focusing on energy metabolism. In our results, C. acnes showed a time-dependent uptake of DVDMS, and BL-PDT demonstrated an excellent bactericidal effect on C. acnes in vitro by inducing a large amount of ROS production. RNA sequencing and metabolomic analysis revealed that BL-PDT inhibited C. acnes carbon metabolism while initially enhancing respiration; however, both fermentation and respiration were suppressed after 2 h, and ATP declined time-dependently in this process. Ultimately, the combined effects of ROS-induced damage (from DVDMS and enhanced respiration) and ATP depletion led to bacterial death. Similarly, in vivo experiments confirmed the favorable therapeutic efficacy and safety of BL-PDT in a rat model of acne. In conclusion, DVDMS-based BL-PDT may be a safe and effective new treatment against acne. Thus, our results provide compelling evidence for using DVDMS and BL-PDT in acne treatment.
{"title":"A novel 450 nm blue laser-mediated sinoporphyrin sodium-based photodynamic therapy inactivates Cutibacterium acnes through stress-mediated metabolic alterations","authors":"Hengtong Fan , Zejun Ren , Shuqi Chen , Tingting Huang , Guoxiong Liu , Yashou Guo , Yan Zheng , Yifan Cheng , Xing Li , Yibo Mei , Yuhang Chen , Huihui Tuo , Lijiang Gu , Dalin He , Jin Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113305","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113305","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory skin disease closely linked to the abnormal colonization and proliferation of <em>Cutibacterium acnes</em> (<em>C. acnes</em>). Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as an ideal treatment. However, it still faces challenges such as low reactive oxygen species (ROS) production rates with porphyrin-based photosensitizers and low activation efficiency of conventional red light. This study investigated the <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> bactericidal effects of sinoporphyrin sodium (DVDMS) combined with a novel 450 nm blue laser-mediated photodynamic therapy (BL-PDT) on <em>C. acnes</em>, and explored the potential mechanisms, focusing on energy metabolism. In our results, <em>C. acnes</em> showed a time-dependent uptake of DVDMS, and BL-PDT demonstrated an excellent bactericidal effect on <em>C. acnes in vitro</em> by inducing a large amount of ROS production. RNA sequencing and metabolomic analysis revealed that BL-PDT inhibited <em>C. acnes</em> carbon metabolism while initially enhancing respiration; however, both fermentation and respiration were suppressed after 2 h, and ATP declined time-dependently in this process. Ultimately, the combined effects of ROS-induced damage (from DVDMS and enhanced respiration) and ATP depletion led to bacterial death. Similarly, <em>in vivo</em> experiments confirmed the favorable therapeutic efficacy and safety of BL-PDT in a rat model of acne. In conclusion, DVDMS-based BL-PDT may be a safe and effective new treatment against acne. Thus, our results provide compelling evidence for using DVDMS and BL-PDT in acne treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 113305"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145517628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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