Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology最新文献_第3页

C-Phycocyanin-mediated photoactivation versus Er: YAG laser irradiation for ceramic bracket surface conditioning: Influence on bonding efficacy of sepiolite nanoparticle-modified adhesive c -藻蓝蛋白介导的光活化与Er: YAG激光照射陶瓷支架表面调理：对海泡石纳米颗粒改性胶粘剂粘合效果的影响。

IF 3.7 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113346

Salem Almoammar , Muhammad Abdullah Kamran , Abdulrahman Alshehri , Wael Awadh , Amyrah Musafir Alshehrany , Ibrahim Alshahrani

Aim

The current study investigated the potential of Er: YAG laser and C-Phycocyanin (C-PC) mediated photoactivation (PA) as alternatives to hydrofluoric acid (HFA) for the preparation of ceramic bracket surfaces before bonding. Additionally, the study also evaluated the incorporation of sepiolite nanoparticles (SepNP) into the adhesive could enhance the bonding efficacy of the conditioned ceramic bracket to enamel.

Methodology

One-twenty ceramic brackets were allocated into four distinct treatment groups: untreated, HFA etched, Er: YAG laser treated, and C-PC-PA. Each group was further divided, with half of the brackets bonded using a standard adhesive and the other half using an adhesive augmented with 1 % SepNPs. Surface roughness (Ra) was quantified utilizing a profilometer, and the pretreated ceramic bracket bases were scrutinized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Following the aging process of the samples, the force required to debond the ceramic bracket from the enamel was evaluated using a universal testing machine (UTM). The failure mode was documented using the adhesive remnant index (ARI), and the degree of conversion (DC) of both modified and unmodified adhesives was subsequently assessed.

Results

The laser-treated roughened surfaces (1167.43 ± 6.81 μm) demonstrated comparable efficacy to those etched with HFA (1158.74 ± 8.54 μm). In contrast, the C-PC-PA method resulted in minimal surface roughening (735.47 ± 5.69 μm), showing no significant improvement over untreated brackets. The pattern of bond strength was consistent with these findings—both the laser and acid-treated groups exhibited strong bonding (8.51–9.60 MPa), whereas the photoactivation and untreated groups displayed weaker adhesion (5.21–6.36 MPa). The incorporation of nanoparticles enhanced bond strength across all groups without affecting the DC (75.05 % versus 76.44 %).

Conclusion

The Er: YAG laser is as effective as HFA for conditioning ceramic brackets, while mitigating the safety hazards associated with handling toxic acids. SepNPs enhance adhesive performance without affecting the curing process. Conversely, C-PC-PA was found to be ineffective for ceramic bracket conditioning.

目的：本研究探讨了Er: YAG激光和c -藻蓝蛋白（C-PC）介导的光活化（PA）作为氢氟酸（HFA）的替代品，在陶瓷支架表面的键合前制备的潜力。此外，本研究还评估了海泡石纳米颗粒（SepNP）掺入胶粘剂中可以增强固化陶瓷支架与牙釉质的粘接效果。方法：将1 - 20个陶瓷支架分为四个不同的处理组：未处理组、HFA蚀刻组、Er: YAG激光处理组和C-PC-PA处理组。每组进一步划分，一半的支架使用标准粘合剂粘合，另一半使用添加1% SepNPs的粘合剂粘合。表面粗糙度（Ra）利用轮廓仪量化，并通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）仔细检查预处理陶瓷支架底座。根据样品的老化过程，使用通用试验机（UTM）评估陶瓷支架从搪瓷上剥离所需的力。使用粘合剂残留指数（ARI）记录了失效模式，随后评估了改性和未改性粘合剂的转化程度（DC）。结果：激光粗糙表面（1167.43±6.81 μm）与HFA蚀刻表面（1158.74±8.54 μm）的效果相当。相比之下，C-PC-PA方法导致最小的表面粗糙度（735.47±5.69 μm），与未处理的支架相比没有显着改善。激光和酸处理组均表现出较强的结合强度（8.51 ~ 9.60 MPa），而光活化组和未处理组的结合强度较弱（5.21 ~ 6.36 MPa）。纳米颗粒的掺入增强了所有组的结合强度，而不影响DC（75.05%对76.44%）。结论：Er: YAG激光与HFA激光对陶瓷支架的调理效果相同，同时减轻了处理有毒酸的安全隐患。SepNPs在不影响固化过程的情况下提高粘接性能。相反，C-PC-PA对陶瓷支架调理无效。

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引用次数: 0

Membrane-targeted photodynamic mechanisms of methylene violet 3RAX in melanoma models 亚甲基紫3RAX在黑色素瘤模型中的膜靶向光动力学机制

IF 3.7 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113353

Thais Soares de Oliveira , Mirella Boaro Kobal , André Satoshi Ferreira , Alexandre Mendes de Almeida Junior , Karina Alves Toledo , Sabrina Aléssio Camacho , Pedro Henrique Benites Aoki

Melanoma, while less prevalent than other skin cancers, remains the most lethal and aggressive type, posing significant treatment challenges. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) offers a promising, less invasive alternative to conventional therapies. In this study, we explored the potential of methylene violet 3RAX (MV), a phenazine-family photosensitizer, for PDT applications through in vitro assays and Langmuir monolayer studies, focusing on its interactions with cell lipid extract membranes derived from two melanoma lineages, A375 and SH-4. Our results demonstrate that MV is non-cytotoxic in the absence of light irradiation but exhibits concentration-dependent cytotoxicity upon photoactivation. Flow cytometry confirmed late apoptosis as the dominant cell death pathway under irradiation. Langmuir isotherms revealed that MV adsorbs onto anionic head groups of the lipid monolayers, particularly interacting with phosphate groups, promoting molecular organization. Upon irradiation, significant material loss to the subphase was observed, suggesting photooxidative interactions with lipid tail unsaturations, leading to hydroperoxidation, chain cleavage, and membrane destabilization. These findings highlight MV dual role as an effective photosensitizer and a molecular probe for membrane interactions, providing new insights into its mechanisms of action in PDT.

黑色素瘤虽然不像其他皮肤癌那么普遍，但仍然是最致命和最具侵袭性的类型，给治疗带来了重大挑战。光动力疗法（PDT）提供了一种有前途的、侵入性较小的替代传统疗法。在这项研究中，我们通过体外实验和Langmuir单层研究，探索了亚甲基紫3RAX (MV)（一种吩嗪家族光敏剂）在PDT应用中的潜力，重点研究了它与两种黑色素瘤谱系A375和SH-4的细胞脂质提取膜的相互作用。我们的研究结果表明，MV在没有光照射的情况下没有细胞毒性，但在光激活时表现出浓度依赖性的细胞毒性。流式细胞术证实，晚期凋亡是辐照下细胞死亡的主要途径。Langmuir等温线显示MV吸附在脂质单分子层的阴离子头基团上，特别是与磷酸基团相互作用，促进分子组织。在照射下，观察到大量物质损失到亚相，这表明光氧化与脂质尾部不饱和相互作用，导致氢过氧化，链裂解和膜不稳定。这些发现突出了MV作为有效光敏剂和膜相互作用分子探针的双重作用，为其在PDT中的作用机制提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancement of laser-induced vasodilation by medicinal plants: The eNOS-dependent and antioxidant actions of Panax ginseng and Angelica keiskei 药用植物对激光血管舒张的增强作用：人参和当归的enos依赖性和抗氧化作用

IF 3.7 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113351

Luis Henrique Oliveira de Moraes , Camila Pereira Sabadini , Nayara Formenton da Silva , Thiago Augusto do Nascimento , Tereza Cristina Buzinari , Natália Fernanda do Couto , Shane A. Phillips , Gerson Jhonatan Rodrigues

Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a promising non-pharmacological approach to improve vascular function via nitric oxide (NO)-mediated pathways. However, its effectiveness can be limited under conditions of endothelial dysfunction. This study investigated whether Panax ginseng and Angelica keiskei, two medicinal plants known for their antioxidant and vasorelaxant properties, can enhance PBM-induced vasodilation through mechanisms involving endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Aortic rings from Wistar rats were treated with increasing doses of a standardized plant extract combination and exposed to 660 nm laser irradiation. Optimal doses (50–200 mg/kg) significantly potentiated PBM-induced vasodilation, an effect abolished by pharmacological inhibition of NO signaling and endothelium removal. In a chronic eNOS inhibition model (L-NAME), the plant combination did not restore PBM effects but partially recovered acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation, suggesting endothelial compensation. In mesenteric arteries, the herbal treatment improved acetylcholine sensitivity but did not alter flow-induced or laser-induced vasodilation, especially under hypertensive conditions. These findings highlight a synergistic interaction between phytotherapy and PBM, mediated primarily by eNOS activation and redox modulation, with potential translational relevance for vascular disorders.

光生物调节（PBM）是一种很有前途的通过一氧化氮（NO）介导途径改善血管功能的非药物方法。然而，在内皮功能障碍的情况下，其有效性受到限制。本研究探讨了两种具有抗氧化和血管舒张特性的药用植物人参和当归是否通过内皮型一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）的机制增强pbm诱导的血管舒张。采用增加剂量的标准植物提取物组合处理Wistar大鼠主动脉环，并暴露于660 nm激光照射下。最佳剂量（50-200 mg/kg）可显著增强pbm诱导的血管舒张，而药物抑制NO信号传导和内皮细胞去除可消除这一作用。在慢性eNOS抑制模型（L-NAME）中，植物组合没有恢复PBM效应，但部分恢复了乙酰胆碱诱导的血管松弛，提示内皮代偿。在肠系膜动脉中，草药治疗改善了乙酰胆碱敏感性，但没有改变血流诱导或激光诱导的血管舒张，特别是在高血压情况下。这些发现强调了植物疗法和PBM之间的协同相互作用，主要由eNOS激活和氧化还原调节介导，与血管疾病的潜在翻译相关。

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引用次数: 0

Photo-induced nitric oxide modulation in human skin: Impacts of geographic location and seasonality on health and disease 人体皮肤中光诱导的一氧化氮调节：地理位置和季节性对健康和疾病的影响

IF 3.7 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113349

Paulo E. da Costa , Maurício S. Baptista

Depending on geographic location and seasonality, human epidermal tissue is exposed to varying levels of solar radiation. Following light absorption by endogenous photosensitizers, solar photons generate reactive oxidants, inducing oxidative stress that is counteracted by nitric oxide, which inhibits lipid peroxidation and activates antioxidant signaling pathways. Nitric oxide is also quickly transformed in several more stable compounds, which can release nitric oxide at specific conditions, here called nitric oxide reserves. During sun exposure, photolysis of nitric oxide reserves releases bioactive nitric oxide, while inducible nitric oxide synthase is expressed later, synthesizing nitric oxide and replenishing nitric oxide stores. This dynamic process establishes a photoinduced steady state of nitric oxide release and storage. The balance between nitric oxide and reactive oxidants levels is regulated by solar radiation and fluctuates with seasonal and latitudinal variations. Sunlight exposure promotes bioactive nitric oxide production, helping to sustain a healthy nitric oxide/reactive oxidants equilibrium. However, this mechanism is disrupted in chronic inflammatory skin conditions. In this context, elevated expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase is commonly observed in patients with psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and vitiligo. These patients display nitric oxide dysregulation alongside impaired redox regulators, including Nrf2 and NADPH oxidase. Inducible nitric oxide synthase dysregulation, combined with upregulated NADPH oxidase, promotes peroxynitrite formation, further disrupting the nitric oxide-reactive oxidants balance. Pathological inducible nitric oxide synthase activation also leads to nitrite accumulation, impairing redox networks and cellular antioxidant systems. During winter months, reduced solar radiation decreases photolysis-derived nitric oxide and downregulates Nrf2, while inducible nitric oxide synthase and NADPH oxidase remain elevated, exacerbating these conditions. Similar effects occur at high latitudes. Photonic therapies aimed at restoring nitric oxide equilibrium have shown promise in treating such skin disorders.

根据地理位置和季节的不同，人体表皮组织暴露在不同程度的太阳辐射下。内源性光敏剂吸收光后，太阳光子产生活性氧化剂，诱导氧化应激，氧化应激被一氧化氮抵消，一氧化氮抑制脂质过氧化并激活抗氧化信号通路。一氧化氮也会迅速转化为几种更稳定的化合物，这些化合物可以在特定条件下释放一氧化氮，这里称为一氧化氮储备。在阳光照射下，一氧化氮储备光解释放出具有生物活性的一氧化氮，诱导型一氧化氮合酶随后表达，合成一氧化氮，补充一氧化氮储备。这个动态过程建立了一个光诱导的一氧化氮释放和储存的稳定状态。一氧化氮和活性氧化剂水平之间的平衡受太阳辐射调节，并随季节和纬度变化而波动。阳光照射促进生物活性一氧化氮的产生，有助于维持健康的一氧化氮/活性氧化剂平衡。然而，这种机制在慢性炎症性皮肤病中被破坏。在这种情况下，诱导型一氧化氮合酶的表达升高通常在牛皮癣、特应性皮炎和白癜风患者中观察到。这些患者表现出一氧化氮失调，同时氧化还原调节因子受损，包括Nrf2和NADPH氧化酶。诱导型一氧化氮合酶失调，结合NADPH氧化酶上调，促进过氧亚硝酸盐的形成，进一步破坏一氧化氮-活性氧化剂的平衡。病理性诱导的一氧化氮合酶激活也会导致亚硝酸盐积累，损害氧化还原网络和细胞抗氧化系统。在冬季，太阳辐射的减少减少了光解衍生的一氧化氮并下调了Nrf2，而诱导型一氧化氮合酶和NADPH氧化酶仍然升高，加剧了这些情况。类似的影响也发生在高纬度地区。旨在恢复一氧化氮平衡的光子疗法在治疗此类皮肤疾病方面显示出了希望。

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引用次数: 0

LED blue light photobiomodulation induces ferroptosis and apoptosis via ROS-mediated oxidative damage in osteosarcoma cells LED蓝光光生物调节通过ros介导的氧化损伤诱导骨肉瘤细胞铁凋亡

IF 3.7 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113350

Jiali Yang , Haokuan Qin , Xiaojing Miao , Longfei Huo , Qiqi Fu , Hui Jiang , Jianfeng Niu , Muqing Liu

Blue light (400–500 nm) photobiomodulation (PBM), particularly utilizing light-emitting diodes (LEDs), has garnered extensive attention for its therapeutic efficacy across various conditions, including oncology. Nevertheless, its impact on osteosarcoma cells remain inadequately characterized. This study sought to investigate the tumor-suppressive properties and underlying molecular mechanisms of LED blue light PBM in human osteosarcoma cell lines HOS and MG63. The results indicated that blue light PBM effectively suppressed cell proliferation and triggered G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. Moreover, blue light PBM activated apoptosis and ferroptosis, characterized by significant changes in ferroptosis-associated proteins (HO-1, PTGS2, GPX4). Concurrently, ROS accumulation triggered oxidative stress, as demonstrated by increased MDA and LPO levels, well-established markers of ferroptosis. These findings underscore the promising potential of LED blue light PBM as an innovative, non-pharmacological therapeutic strategy for osteosarcoma, warranting further investigation for future clinical applications.

蓝光（400-500 nm）光生物调节（PBM），特别是利用发光二极管（led），因其在包括肿瘤在内的各种疾病中的治疗效果而受到广泛关注。然而，其对骨肉瘤细胞的影响仍未充分表征。本研究旨在探讨LED蓝光PBM对人骨肉瘤细胞系HOS和MG63的肿瘤抑制特性和潜在的分子机制。结果表明，蓝光PBM能有效抑制细胞增殖，引发G2/M期细胞周期阻滞。此外，蓝光PBM激活凋亡和铁凋亡，其特征是铁凋亡相关蛋白（HO-1, PTGS2, GPX4）的显著变化。同时，ROS积累引发氧化应激，MDA和LPO水平升高证明了这一点，这是铁下垂的公认标志。这些发现强调了LED蓝光PBM作为骨肉瘤创新的非药物治疗策略的巨大潜力，值得进一步研究以用于未来的临床应用。

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引用次数: 0

Ultraviolet-treated riboflavin induces ROS-mediated apoptosis via inhibiting mitochondrial complex I in acute myeloid leukemia 紫外线处理的核黄素通过抑制线粒体复合体I诱导ros介导的急性髓系白血病细胞凋亡。

IF 3.7 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113347

Ruining Liu , Shuang Ge , Jinyuan Sun , Yi Liu , Liping Sun , Yang Yu , Deqing Wang

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains challenging due to drug resistance and relapse, and novel therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. Here, we demonstrated that ultraviolet-treated riboflavin (RF-UV) elicited strong antileukemia effects in AML cell lines and primary patient samples, while showing minimal toxicity in normal cells. Mechanistically, inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory Complex I by RF-UV elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and resulted in ROS-mediated apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Crucially, in vivo research showed RF-UV considerably slowed the development of AML and extended the survival time of mice. Our research unveiled the clinical application potential of RF-UV as a complex I inhibitor in leukemia treatment.

急性髓性白血病（AML）由于耐药和复发，仍然具有挑战性，迫切需要新的治疗方法。在这里，我们证明了紫外线处理的核黄素（RF-UV）在AML细胞系和原发患者样本中引起了很强的抗白血病作用，而在正常细胞中显示出最小的毒性。机制上，RF-UV抑制线粒体呼吸复合体I升高活性氧（ROS）水平，导致ROS介导的细胞凋亡、内质网（ER）应激和线粒体功能障碍。至关重要的是，体内研究表明，RF-UV显著减缓了AML的发展，延长了小鼠的生存时间。我们的研究揭示了RF-UV作为复合物I抑制剂在白血病治疗中的临床应用潜力。

引用次数: 0

Optical and random laser properties of the novel multifunctional endoxifen derivative (FLTX3) and its potential for the diagnosis of breast cancer resistance 新型多功能内毒素衍生物（FLTX3）的光学和随机激光特性及其在乳腺癌耐药诊断中的潜力

IF 3.7 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113345

Mario Diaz , Sergio de Armas-Rillo , Fernando Lobo , Daniel Pereda de Pablo , Kevin Soler-Carracedo , Pablo Delgado , Mitzi Rodriguez , Ana Canerina-Amaro , Catalina Valdes-Baizabal , Raquel Marín , Dácil Hernández , Alicia Boto , Fernando Lahoz

Endoxifen is the most powerful metabolite of tamoxifen (TX), the main endocrine therapy administered worldwide for the treatment of estrogen-receptor (ER) positive metastatic breast cancer. Tamoxifen itself is a prodrug with weak affinity for ER, but it is converted into endoxifen, with up to 100-fold higher affinity for ER than TX. In this study, we introduce the first fluorescent endoxifen derivative (FLTX3), formed by covalent attachment of the small fluorophore NBD to the basic side chain of endoxifen. We have characterized the optical properties of FLTX3, demonstrating its ability as a laser dye. FLTX3 is an efficient target-directed fluorescent probe for the cellular labelling of ER in MCF7 breast cancer cell line as well as in uterine tissues. FLTX3 is also endowed with an intrinsic photodynamic effect when irradiated at the optimal excitation wavelength of FLTX3. Further, we show that FLTX3 has an optical gain behaviour that leads to random laser (RL) when the light emitted by the drug is scattered in the cell cultures. Indeed, analyses of coherent spectra by power function Fourier transform revealed a RL dominant cavity in the range of average cell sizes. As one of the main causes for tamoxifen treatment failure is resistance, we explored the potential discriminative value of FLTX3-induced RL between tamoxifen-resistant and tamoxifen-sensitive MCF7 cells. Using multivariate approaches, we unravelled significant differences in the RL signal between tamoxifen-sensitive and tamoxifen-resistant cells. These findings indicate that FLTX3-generated RL might provide a target-directed diagnostic tool for tamoxifen resistance in metastatic ER+ breast cancer.

Endoxifen是他莫昔芬（TX）最有效的代谢物，他莫昔芬是世界范围内用于治疗雌激素受体（ER）阳性转移性乳腺癌的主要内分泌疗法。他莫昔芬本身是一种对内质网亲和力较弱的前药，但它被转化为内氧芬，对内质网的亲和力比TX高100倍。在本研究中，我们引入了第一个荧光内氧芬衍生物（FLTX3），它是由小荧光团NBD共价附着在内氧芬的基本侧链上形成的。我们对FLTX3的光学特性进行了表征，证明了它作为激光染料的能力。FLTX3是一种高效的靶向荧光探针，用于MCF7乳腺癌细胞系和子宫组织中ER的细胞标记。当以FLTX3的最佳激发波长照射时，FLTX3也具有固有的光动力效应。此外，我们发现FLTX3具有光学增益行为，当药物发出的光分散在细胞培养物中时，会导致随机激光（RL）。事实上，通过幂函数傅里叶变换对相干光谱的分析显示，在平均细胞尺寸范围内，RL占主导地位。由于耐药是导致他莫昔芬治疗失败的主要原因之一，我们探索了fltx3诱导的RL在他莫昔芬耐药和他莫昔芬敏感的MCF7细胞之间的潜在鉴别价值。使用多变量方法，我们揭示了他莫昔芬敏感细胞和他莫昔芬耐药细胞之间RL信号的显著差异。这些发现表明，fltx3产生的RL可能为转移性ER+乳腺癌的他莫昔芬耐药提供一种靶向性的诊断工具。

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引用次数: 0

Vachellia gummifera (Willd.) Kyal. & Boatwr. mitigates UVA-induced oxidative stress in HaCaT keratinocytes 海葵（野生）Kyal。& Boatwr。减轻uva诱导的HaCaT角质形成细胞氧化应激。

IF 3.7 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113341

Hassan Annaz , Paola Imbimbo , Mohamed A.O. Abdelfattah , Ismail Mahdi , Nidal Fahsi , Badreddine Drissi , Nawal Merghoub , Daria Maria Monti , Mansour Sobeh

Vachellia gummifera (Willd.) Kyal. & Boatwr. (formerly known as Acacia gummifera) is a thorny, flowering plant endemic to Morocco. It was selected due to the limited research on its potential skin-protective properties, despite other species of the same genus being traditionally used to treat various skin ailments. In this study we annotated the phytochemical profile of its aqueous leaf extract using HPLC-MS/MS and evaluated its skin protective potential through in vitro assays, including antioxidant, anti-elastase, and anti-tyrosinase activities. Additionally, we assessed its protective potential against UVA-induced oxidative stress in immortalized human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT), along with the underlying signaling pathways. LC-MS/MS analysis revealed 48 metabolites, mainly flavonoids and their glycosides. The extract exhibited in vitro antioxidant activities with IC₅₀ values of 30.96 ± 2.10 and 232.33 ± 8.40 μg/mL for DPPH and ABTS, respectively, and a FRAP activity of 8.42 ± 0.52 mM FeSO₄/g extract. It also demonstrated moderate anti-tyrosinase properties with an IC₅₀ value of 369.23 ± 12.01 μg/mL. In silico analyses of most of the identified compounds did not predict any skin sensitization. Accordingly, when tested on HaCaT cells up to 400 μg/mL, the extract showed no cytotoxic effects, suggesting its biocompatibility. Cells pre-treated with the extract effectively mitigated UVA-induced cellular damage, as it significantly inhibited reactive oxygen species production and glutathione depletion, measured by DCFDA and DTNB assays, respectively. Furthermore, the extract modulated the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway by inhibiting UVA-induced phosphorylation of p38. Finally, a molecular docking analyses identified citric acid, hydroxycinnamic acid pentosyl hexoside and myricetin malonyl hexoside as the enzymes exhibiting the highest binding affinity towards tyrosinase. These findings suggest that V. gummifera possesses promising antioxidant and anti-aging properties, with potential applications in skin care and photoprotection.

海葵（野生）Kyal。& Boatwr。（以前被称为金合欢gummifera）是一种摩洛哥特有的多刺开花植物。选择它是因为对其潜在的皮肤保护特性的研究有限，尽管同一属的其他物种传统上用于治疗各种皮肤疾病。在这项研究中，我们使用HPLC-MS/MS对其水叶提取物的植物化学特征进行了注释，并通过体外实验评估了其皮肤保护潜力，包括抗氧化、抗弹性酶和抗酪氨酸酶活性。此外，我们评估了其对永生化人角化细胞（HaCaT）抗uva诱导的氧化应激的保护潜力，以及潜在的信号通路。LC-MS/MS分析共发现48种代谢物，主要为黄酮类化合物及其苷类化合物。提取物对DPPH和ABTS的IC50值分别为30.96±2.10和232.33±8.40 μg/mL， FRAP活性为8.42±0.52 mM FeSO₄/g提取物。具有中等抗酪氨酸酶活性，IC50值为369.23±12.01 μg/mL。对大多数已确定的化合物的计算机分析不能预测任何皮肤致敏性。因此，当浓度达到400 μg/mL时，提取物对HaCaT细胞无细胞毒作用，表明其具有生物相容性。通过DCFDA和DTNB测定，用提取物预处理的细胞有效地减轻了uva诱导的细胞损伤，因为它显著抑制了活性氧的产生和谷胱甘肽的消耗。此外，提取物通过抑制uva诱导的p38磷酸化来调节丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）途径。最后，通过分子对接分析，确定了柠檬酸、羟基肉桂酸戊酰基己糖和杨梅素丙二酰己糖是与酪氨酸酶结合亲和力最高的酶。这些研究结果表明，胶霉具有良好的抗氧化和抗衰老特性，在皮肤护理和光防护方面具有潜在的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Selaginella Tamariscina extract reduces UVA-induced skin photodamage via regulating apoptosis and autophagy by AKT phosphorylation 卷柏提取物通过AKT磷酸化调控细胞凋亡和自噬，减轻uva诱导的皮肤光损伤

IF 3.7 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113343

Nan Zhao, Xiandong Zhou, Zhiwei Li, Ling Liang, Jinjing Bao, Xueyi Chen, Peng Shu, Jiangming Zhong

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation, particularly in the UVA spectrum (320–400 nm), induces significant damage to both dermal and epidermal layers of skin, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and triggering apoptotic pathways that compromise skin health. Selaginella tamariscina (P. Beauv.), a traditional medicinal plant widely used throughout Asia, contains numerous flavonoid compounds with recognized therapeutic value in Chinese medicine. Through comprehensive molecular analyses including Western blotting, RT-qPCR, and flow cytometry, we demonstrated that the Selaginella tamariscina (P. Beauv.) extract (STE) significantly reduces UVA-induced apoptosis while simultaneously activating protective autophagic responses. Mechanistically, STE modulates AKT phosphorylation to regulate two critical downstream pathways: (1) the JNK-mediated apoptotic cascade and (2) the AKT/mTOR autophagic axis. In vivo experiments revealed that topical STE application provided substantial protection against UVA-induced photodamage in murine dorsal skin models. Liquid chromatography analysis identified amentoflavone as the principal bioactive component responsible for these protective properties. These findings collectively establish STE as a promising therapeutic agent against UVA photodamage, functioning through its dual capacity to attenuate apoptosis while promoting cytoprotective autophagy.

紫外线（UV）辐射，特别是UVA光谱（320-400 nm），会对皮肤真皮层和表皮层造成严重损伤，产生活性氧（ROS）并引发损害皮肤健康的细胞凋亡途径。卷柏（Selaginella tamariscina， P. Beauv.）是一种在亚洲广泛使用的传统药用植物，其含有大量的类黄酮化合物，具有公认的中药治疗价值。通过Western blotting、RT-qPCR和流式细胞术等综合分子分析，我们发现卷柏（Selaginella tamariscina， P. Beauv.）提取物（STE）可显著降低uva诱导的细胞凋亡，同时激活保护性自噬反应。从机制上讲，STE通过调节AKT磷酸化来调节两个关键的下游通路：(1)jnk介导的凋亡级联；(2)AKT/mTOR自噬轴。体内实验表明，局部STE应用对小鼠背部皮肤模型uva诱导的光损伤具有实质性的保护作用。液相色谱分析确定了阿门托黄酮是负责这些保护特性的主要生物活性成分。这些发现共同证明STE是一种很有前景的抗UVA光损伤治疗剂，通过其双重能力来减轻细胞凋亡，同时促进细胞保护性自噬。

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引用次数: 0

Gd(III) and Fe(III) ion crosslinked hyaluronic acid microgels composites embedding hetero atom doped carbon quantum dots render photodynamic therapy with improved bioimaging capability Gd（III）和Fe（III）离子交联透明质酸微凝胶复合材料包埋杂原子掺杂碳量子点，实现光动力治疗，提高生物成像能力

IF 3.7 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113342

Selin Sagbas Suner , Mehtap Sahiner , Evrim Umut , Nurettin Sahiner

In this study, we report the development of multifunctional CQ-dot@HA-Gd/Fe(III) microgels that can be readily simultaneously used in fluorescence/MR dual-mode imaging and photodynamic therapy as theragnostic agents. Nitrogen (N-) and sulfur (S-) heteroatom-doped carbon quantum dots (CQ-dot) were prepared in one step microwave treatment within 3 min as a fluorescence and photoinduced antipathogenic nanomaterial. The N/S-doped CQ-dots were spherical shaped and < 50 nm via TEM images and showed high fluorescence intensity with 420 nm emission wavelength at maximum λ_ex:350 nm. The N/S-doped CQ-dots were embedded into ionically crosslinked hyaluronic acid (HA) microgels, employing trivalent metal ions Gd(III) or Fe(III) ions. The prepared CQ-dot@HA-Gd/Fe(III) microgels <5 mm size range are injectable for possible intravenous administration and possess high fluorescent properties. The isoelectric point (IEP) of CQ-dot@HA-Gd and CQ-dot@HA-Fe(III) microgels was determined as pH 1.45. The CQ-dot@HA-Gd/Fe(III) microgels exhibit excellent hemocompatibility without causing noticeable hemolysis and blood clotting at concentrations up to 500 mg/mL. Furthermore, the toxicity of CQ-dot@HA-Gd/Fe(III) microgels on L929 fibroblast cells was found as 100 mg/mL concentration and provide brilliant cell imaging under DAPI filter without any fluorescence dye. Also, the CQ-dot@HA-Gd/Fe(III) microgel suspension afforded great MRI contrast enhancement ability. Photoinduced anticancer activity was observed for CQ-dot@HA-Gd/Fe(III) microgels even at 50 mg/mL against SK-MEL 30 melanoma cells under UV-A light treatment for 30 min. In addition, high reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was obtained for the pathogenic bacteria cells by light-sensitive CQ-dot@HA-Gd/Fe(III) microgels upon 30 min UV-A light treatment that triggered the destruction of the Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538).

在这项研究中，我们报道了多功能CQ-dot@HA-Gd/Fe（III）微凝胶的开发，该微凝胶可以很容易地同时用于荧光/磁共振双模成像和光动力治疗作为诊断剂。采用微波一步法在3 min内制备了氮（N-）和硫（S-）掺杂碳量子点（CQ-dot）作为荧光光致抗致病性纳米材料。TEM图像显示，N/ s掺杂的cq点呈球形，波长为<； 50 nm，荧光强度高，最大λex为350 nm，发射波长为420 nm。将N/ s掺杂的cq点嵌入到离子交联透明质酸（HA）微凝胶中，采用三价金属离子Gd（III）或Fe（III）离子。制备的CQ-dot@HA-Gd/Fe（III）微凝胶<； 5mm尺寸范围可注射，可能用于静脉给药，并具有高荧光特性。测定CQ-dot@HA-Gd和CQ-dot@HA-Fe（III）微凝胶的等电点（IEP） pH为1.45。CQ-dot@HA-Gd/Fe（III）微凝胶具有优异的血液相容性，浓度高达500 mg/mL时不会引起明显的溶血和凝血。此外，CQ-dot@HA-Gd/Fe（III）微凝胶在100 mg/mL浓度时对L929成纤维细胞具有毒性，在DAPI滤光片下无任何荧光染料提供了明亮的细胞成像。同时，CQ-dot@HA-Gd/Fe（III）微凝胶悬浮液具有良好的MRI增强能力。在UV-A光处理30分钟后，CQ-dot@HA-Gd/Fe（III）微凝胶对SK-MEL 30黑色素瘤细胞的光诱导抗癌活性观察到，即使浓度为50 mg/mL。此外，通过光敏CQ-dot@HA-Gd/Fe（III）微凝胶对病原菌细胞进行30min UV-A光处理，触发金黄色葡萄球菌（ATCC 6538）的破坏，获得了高活性氧（ROS）生成。

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