Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-9029.1000218
Z. Khan
Engineered nanoparticles are of great scientific interest due to their wide variety of potential applications in biomedical, agricultural, optical and electronic fields. The present study has been designed to study the effect of Si nanoparticle (SiNP) on plant growth parameters and to detect the possible genotoxicity induced by them. Seed germination results indicated that SiNP at lower concentration promotes seed germination, Vigour index and biomass; however, at higher concentrations they showed deviated results. To study toxicological end points microscopic examination of root tip cells were carried out. The result showed that exposure to the nanoparticle increase the number of chromosomal aberrations significantly. Dose-dependent decrease in Mitotic index (MI) in the treated populations was observed as compared to control. The result suggests potential of nanoparticle in causing genomic instability by impairing mitosis and altering DNA by inducing chromosomal anomalies. Lower concentration of Si NP can induce positive results on germination and biomass of lentils Si Nanoparticles can penetrate the tissue system through seed or foliar dressing and interfere with the cell division cycle, inducing nanotoxicity.
{"title":"Impact of Engineered Si Nanoparticles on Seed Germination, Vigour Index and Genotoxicity Assessment via DNA Damage of Root Tip Cells in Lens culinaris","authors":"Z. Khan","doi":"10.4172/2329-9029.1000218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9029.1000218","url":null,"abstract":"Engineered nanoparticles are of great scientific interest due to their wide variety of potential applications in biomedical, agricultural, optical and electronic fields. The present study has been designed to study the effect of Si nanoparticle (SiNP) on plant growth parameters and to detect the possible genotoxicity induced by them. Seed germination results indicated that SiNP at lower concentration promotes seed germination, Vigour index and biomass; however, at higher concentrations they showed deviated results. To study toxicological end points microscopic examination of root tip cells were carried out. The result showed that exposure to the nanoparticle increase the number of chromosomal aberrations significantly. Dose-dependent decrease in Mitotic index (MI) in the treated populations was observed as compared to control. The result suggests potential of nanoparticle in causing genomic instability by impairing mitosis and altering DNA by inducing chromosomal anomalies. Lower concentration of Si NP can induce positive results on germination and biomass of lentils Si Nanoparticles can penetrate the tissue system through seed or foliar dressing and interfere with the cell division cycle, inducing nanotoxicity.","PeriodicalId":16778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Biochemistry & Physiology","volume":"21 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75306226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-9029.1000215
Ratnayaka Hh, S. Boue, T. Dinh, Letunova Sb, R. Cherubin
Environmentally sound plant treatments that can impose mild physiological stress and elicit bioaccumulation of useful phytochemicals such as kaempferols are limited. We tested ABA foliar application, 100 or 200 μM, and two types of leaf wounding, piercing or hole punching in young greenhouse-grown soy plants. Leaf gas exchange and A/Ci response, ΦPSII, pigments and antiradical activity were measured using the same leaf and kaempferols were measured in the leaf above. ABA 200 μM-treated plants had ≥ 20% less gas exchange and 17% less ETR, but greater Vcmax and Jmax compared to control. They had 55% and 100% more stomatal limitation to Pnet and ΦPSII, respectively, than control. Leaf-wounded plants showed the lowest stomatal limitation to either Pnet or ΦPSII. Leaf piercing increased chlorophylls 39% and carotenoids 38% compared to control. Six kaempferols quantified were found to be mono-, di- and triglycosides. Each leaf treatment increased total kaempferol yield ranging from 42% in ABA 100 μM to 68% in ABA 200 μM treatment compared to control. In general, kaempferol yields were positively correlated to Pnet in ABA 100 μM-treated plants and to gs in ABA 200 μM-treated plants but negatively correlated to Pnet in leaf-pierced plants. ABA application and wounding affected the association between photosynthetic primary metabolism and kaempferol accumulation differently. Both ABA application and wounding are promising leaf treatments for eliciting kaempferol accumulation in young soy leaves.
{"title":"Photosynthesis and Kaempferol Yields of Soy Leaves Under ABA Application and Mechanical Wounding","authors":"Ratnayaka Hh, S. Boue, T. Dinh, Letunova Sb, R. Cherubin","doi":"10.4172/2329-9029.1000215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9029.1000215","url":null,"abstract":"Environmentally sound plant treatments that can impose mild physiological stress and elicit bioaccumulation of useful phytochemicals such as kaempferols are limited. We tested ABA foliar application, 100 or 200 μM, and two types of leaf wounding, piercing or hole punching in young greenhouse-grown soy plants. Leaf gas exchange and A/Ci response, ΦPSII, pigments and antiradical activity were measured using the same leaf and kaempferols were measured in the leaf above. ABA 200 μM-treated plants had ≥ 20% less gas exchange and 17% less ETR, but greater Vcmax and Jmax compared to control. They had 55% and 100% more stomatal limitation to Pnet and ΦPSII, respectively, than control. Leaf-wounded plants showed the lowest stomatal limitation to either Pnet or ΦPSII. Leaf piercing increased chlorophylls 39% and carotenoids 38% compared to control. Six kaempferols quantified were found to be mono-, di- and triglycosides. Each leaf treatment increased total kaempferol yield ranging from 42% in ABA 100 μM to 68% in ABA 200 μM treatment compared to control. In general, kaempferol yields were positively correlated to Pnet in ABA 100 μM-treated plants and to gs in ABA 200 μM-treated plants but negatively correlated to Pnet in leaf-pierced plants. ABA application and wounding affected the association between photosynthetic primary metabolism and kaempferol accumulation differently. Both ABA application and wounding are promising leaf treatments for eliciting kaempferol accumulation in young soy leaves.","PeriodicalId":16778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Biochemistry & Physiology","volume":"36 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79798641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-9029.1000222
B. Saleh, E. Alshehada
{"title":"Gene Expression Profiling in Halwani and Baladi Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) Cultivars under Saline Conditions","authors":"B. Saleh, E. Alshehada","doi":"10.4172/2329-9029.1000222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9029.1000222","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Biochemistry & Physiology","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80270932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-9029.1000207
Nzaro G Makenzi, W. Mbinda, R. O. Okoth, M. Ngugi
Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batata) is an important, nutritionally rich vegetable crop, but severely affected by environmental stresses, pests and diseases which cause massive yield and quality losses. Genetic manipulation is becoming an important method for sweetpotato improvement. In the present study, a reproducible and highly efficient protocol for in vitro plant regeneration of six Kenyan farmer preferred sweetpotato, Enaironi, KEMB 36, KSP36, Mugande, Kalamb nyerere, SPK 013 and SPK004 through direct shoot organogenesis from stem internodes explants was developed. The results revealed that Kalamb nyerere had the highest number of adventitious bud; for light (5.33 and 4.33) and dark (8.00 and 5.00) induction condition for all TDZ hormone level (0.25 mg/l and 0.15 mg/l). When explants incubated in 0.10 mg/l NAA the regeneration frequencies were the highest at 83.33% (Jewel) and 96.67% (Kalamb nyerere) for adventitious buds recovered from light and darkness respectively. This was the optimal auxin concentration which gave the maximum regeneration frequency with adventitious buds recovered from the dark. The best Kenyan sweetpotato genotypes for direct shoot organogenesis were Kalamb nyerere, Kemb 36 and SPK 004. The protocol presented in this work is suitable for improvement of sweetpotato genotypes through tissue culture methods and or genetic transformation.
{"title":"In Vitro Plant Regeneration of Sweetpotato Through Direct Shoot Organogenesis","authors":"Nzaro G Makenzi, W. Mbinda, R. O. Okoth, M. Ngugi","doi":"10.4172/2329-9029.1000207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9029.1000207","url":null,"abstract":"Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batata) is an important, nutritionally rich vegetable crop, but severely affected by environmental stresses, pests and diseases which cause massive yield and quality losses. Genetic manipulation is becoming an important method for sweetpotato improvement. In the present study, a reproducible and highly efficient protocol for in vitro plant regeneration of six Kenyan farmer preferred sweetpotato, Enaironi, KEMB 36, KSP36, Mugande, Kalamb nyerere, SPK 013 and SPK004 through direct shoot organogenesis from stem internodes explants was developed. The results revealed that Kalamb nyerere had the highest number of adventitious bud; for light (5.33 and 4.33) and dark (8.00 and 5.00) induction condition for all TDZ hormone level (0.25 mg/l and 0.15 mg/l). When explants incubated in 0.10 mg/l NAA the regeneration frequencies were the highest at 83.33% (Jewel) and 96.67% (Kalamb nyerere) for adventitious buds recovered from light and darkness respectively. This was the optimal auxin concentration which gave the maximum regeneration frequency with adventitious buds recovered from the dark. The best Kenyan sweetpotato genotypes for direct shoot organogenesis were Kalamb nyerere, Kemb 36 and SPK 004. The protocol presented in this work is suitable for improvement of sweetpotato genotypes through tissue culture methods and or genetic transformation.","PeriodicalId":16778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Biochemistry & Physiology","volume":"82 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85814926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-9029.1000208
M. Hg, Serkerov Sv, Alasgarova An
Johrenia paucijuga species belongs to the genus Umbelliferae. 187 species of the genus Umbelliferae concentrated in 76 families were widespread in Azerbaijan flora beginning from the plain to the upper mountain zone. Representatives of this family are perennial, biennial and annual herbs, rarely shrubs, bushes and small trees. During long period this plant were used as herbal plants between rural areas of Caucasian region with purpose treatment different type of health problems. Research aimed to identify this plant and analyse chemical component for pharmacologically valuable activities, which can be employed for therapeutic purposes.
{"title":"Investigation of the Biologically Active Substances Obtained from Johrenia paucijuga (DC) of the Species Bornm","authors":"M. Hg, Serkerov Sv, Alasgarova An","doi":"10.4172/2329-9029.1000208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9029.1000208","url":null,"abstract":"Johrenia paucijuga species belongs to the genus Umbelliferae. 187 species of the genus Umbelliferae concentrated in 76 families were widespread in Azerbaijan flora beginning from the plain to the upper mountain zone. Representatives of this family are perennial, biennial and annual herbs, rarely shrubs, bushes and small trees. During long period this plant were used as herbal plants between rural areas of Caucasian region with purpose treatment different type of health problems. Research aimed to identify this plant and analyse chemical component for pharmacologically valuable activities, which can be employed for therapeutic purposes.","PeriodicalId":16778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Biochemistry & Physiology","volume":"28 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87995540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-9029.1000220
Motohiro Tanaka, Igor Iamshchikov, Y. Kato, R. Sabirov, O. Gusev, W. Sakamoto, M. Sugimoto
Putative diadenosine polyphosphate (ApnA) hydrolase gene, which encodes an amino acid sequence showing homology with that of Arabidopsis long-chain (ApnA) (n=5–6) hydrolase (AtNUDX13) and which conserves nudix motif and glycine tripeptide motif, was identified from Brachypodium distachyon. The mature form of Brachypodium (ApnA) hydrolase (BraNUDX15) catalyzed long-chain (ApnA) and Ap4A, Ap4G, Gp4G, and dCTP, showing different substrate specificity from Arabidopsis (ApnA) hydrolases AtNUDX13, 25, 26, and 27. BraNUDX15 required Mg2+ and produced ATP from (ApnA), indicating asymmetrical (ApnA) hydrolase as the same as Arabidopsis (ApnA) hydrolases. Results show that BraNUDX15 gene was up-regulated by UV-A, UV-B, and UV-C irradiation and downregulated by drought stress, but it was left unchanged by salt stress. Subcellular localization indicated that the BraNUDX15 protein was colocalized with the surface of the chloroplasts. These results suggest BraNUDX15 as a unique (ApnA) hydrolase with different substrate specificity from those of Arabidopsis (ApnA) hydrolases. It might play a role in regulating (ApnA) levels in chloroplasts under conditions of drought stress and UV irradiation.
{"title":"Structure and Molecular Characterization of Diadenosine Polyphosphate Hydrolase in Brachypodium distachyon","authors":"Motohiro Tanaka, Igor Iamshchikov, Y. Kato, R. Sabirov, O. Gusev, W. Sakamoto, M. Sugimoto","doi":"10.4172/2329-9029.1000220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9029.1000220","url":null,"abstract":"Putative diadenosine polyphosphate (ApnA) hydrolase gene, which encodes an amino acid sequence showing homology with that of Arabidopsis long-chain (ApnA) (n=5–6) hydrolase (AtNUDX13) and which conserves nudix motif and glycine tripeptide motif, was identified from Brachypodium distachyon. The mature form of Brachypodium (ApnA) hydrolase (BraNUDX15) catalyzed long-chain (ApnA) and Ap4A, Ap4G, Gp4G, and dCTP, showing different substrate specificity from Arabidopsis (ApnA) hydrolases AtNUDX13, 25, 26, and 27. BraNUDX15 required Mg2+ and produced ATP from (ApnA), indicating asymmetrical (ApnA) hydrolase as the same as Arabidopsis (ApnA) hydrolases. Results show that BraNUDX15 gene was up-regulated by UV-A, UV-B, and UV-C irradiation and downregulated by drought stress, but it was left unchanged by salt stress. Subcellular localization indicated that the BraNUDX15 protein was colocalized with the surface of the chloroplasts. These results suggest BraNUDX15 as a unique (ApnA) hydrolase with different substrate specificity from those of Arabidopsis (ApnA) hydrolases. It might play a role in regulating (ApnA) levels in chloroplasts under conditions of drought stress and UV irradiation.","PeriodicalId":16778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Biochemistry & Physiology","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91230061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-9029.1000203
M. Jawhar, B. Till, A. Albaterni, A. Skiheita, M. Arabi, N. Mirali
Early diagnosis of fungal pathotypes is one of the most important aspects for plant breeders. It provides a rapid means for selecting the correct mutant lines to ensure durability of disease resistance and also for proper field management practices. Traditional diagnostic tools for pathogens have been based on targeted cultures, PCRbased approaches, and/or phenotypic evaluation of disease response in specific plant genotypes. These methods detect only known pathogenic agents, can introduce bias, and can fail to recognize novel variants or races due to their narrow scope. While enzymatic mismatch cleavage has been described for many plant and animal species, the validate that technique for haploid microorganisms is also needed. In this work, optimized low cost method for pathotyping Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), the causal agent of fusarium wilt of banana (Musa spp.), was established using self-extracted nuclease and agarose gel electrophoresis. Gene-specific primers were designed from the whole fungal genome for use in the enzymatic mismatch cleavage on Foc representatives of the major races of major banana producing countries. Gene-specific primer pairs were used to optimize enzymatic mismatch cleavage and polymorphism discovery in two SNF1 and FOW2 genes. The protocol is rapid, inexpensive and can robustly distinguish pathotypes in Foc strains, without high informatics load of DNA sequencing.
真菌病原的早期诊断是植物育种的一个重要方面。它为选择正确的突变品系以确保抗病性的持久性和适当的田间管理实践提供了一种快速的手段。传统的病原体诊断工具是基于靶向培养、基于pcr的方法和/或特定植物基因型疾病反应的表型评估。这些方法只检测已知的病原体，可能会引入偏见，并且由于范围狭窄，可能无法识别新的变异或种族。虽然许多植物和动物物种已经描述了酶错配切割，但单倍体微生物的技术验证也需要。采用自提取核酸酶和琼脂糖凝胶电泳技术，建立了香蕉枯萎病病原菌Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc)的低成本分型优化方法。从真菌全基因组中设计了基因特异性引物，用于对香蕉主要生产国主要种族的Foc代表进行酶配错切割。利用基因特异性引物对优化SNF1和FOW2基因的酶错配切割和多态性发现。该方法快速、廉价，可以有效区分Foc菌株的病原类型，不需要大量的DNA测序信息。
{"title":"An Efficient Throughput Protocol for Validation of Pathotyping by Enzymatic Mismatch Cleavage","authors":"M. Jawhar, B. Till, A. Albaterni, A. Skiheita, M. Arabi, N. Mirali","doi":"10.4172/2329-9029.1000203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9029.1000203","url":null,"abstract":"Early diagnosis of fungal pathotypes is one of the most important aspects for plant breeders. It provides a rapid means for selecting the correct mutant lines to ensure durability of disease resistance and also for proper field management practices. Traditional diagnostic tools for pathogens have been based on targeted cultures, PCRbased approaches, and/or phenotypic evaluation of disease response in specific plant genotypes. These methods detect only known pathogenic agents, can introduce bias, and can fail to recognize novel variants or races due to their narrow scope. While enzymatic mismatch cleavage has been described for many plant and animal species, the validate that technique for haploid microorganisms is also needed. In this work, optimized low cost method for pathotyping Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), the causal agent of fusarium wilt of banana (Musa spp.), was established using self-extracted nuclease and agarose gel electrophoresis. Gene-specific primers were designed from the whole fungal genome for use in the enzymatic mismatch cleavage on Foc representatives of the major races of major banana producing countries. Gene-specific primer pairs were used to optimize enzymatic mismatch cleavage and polymorphism discovery in two SNF1 and FOW2 genes. The protocol is rapid, inexpensive and can robustly distinguish pathotypes in Foc strains, without high informatics load of DNA sequencing.","PeriodicalId":16778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Biochemistry & Physiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88605734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-9029.1000223
J. Sung, Seung-A Baek, Jae-Kwang Kim, Yangmin X. Kim, Yejin Lee, Seul-Bi Lee, Deog-Bae Lee, Harin Jung
Sulfur (S) is an essential mineral nutrient for plant growth and development and is a key component of many biological compounds. As S acquisition and assimilation have important roles in plant metabolism, S-deficient responses are closely involved in different plant constituents. In this study, we examined the effects of S deficiency on primary metabolism and glucosinolate (GSL) content in cabbage (Brassica rapa) plants. Soluble sugars such as glucose, fructose, galactose, and xylose, were up to 0.19-fold lower under S deficiency, and these changes were more pronounced with long-term (15 d) S deficiency. Significant increases in amino acids were observed in terms of glutamine (6.35-fold), glycine (20.54), serine (3.56), threonine (3.25), phenylalanine (4.07), β-alanine (7.88), and proline (4.58). S deficiency led to large accumulation of an indolyl GSL, 4-methoxyglucobrassicin, in both shoots (2.68 fold) and roots (5.99 fold). GSLs were positively correlated with the majority of primary metabolites in the shoots, but negative in the roots. Thus, at least in cabbage plants, the interplay between primary metabolism and GSLs appeared to be tissue-dependent, and the metabolic interaction between both metabolites should be elucidated.
{"title":"Responses of Primary Metabolites and Glucosinolates in Sulfur Deficient-Cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. Pekinensis)","authors":"J. Sung, Seung-A Baek, Jae-Kwang Kim, Yangmin X. Kim, Yejin Lee, Seul-Bi Lee, Deog-Bae Lee, Harin Jung","doi":"10.4172/2329-9029.1000223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9029.1000223","url":null,"abstract":"Sulfur (S) is an essential mineral nutrient for plant growth and development and is a key component of many biological compounds. As S acquisition and assimilation have important roles in plant metabolism, S-deficient responses are closely involved in different plant constituents. In this study, we examined the effects of S deficiency on primary metabolism and glucosinolate (GSL) content in cabbage (Brassica rapa) plants. Soluble sugars such as glucose, fructose, galactose, and xylose, were up to 0.19-fold lower under S deficiency, and these changes were more pronounced with long-term (15 d) S deficiency. Significant increases in amino acids were observed in terms of glutamine (6.35-fold), glycine (20.54), serine (3.56), threonine (3.25), phenylalanine (4.07), β-alanine (7.88), and proline (4.58). S deficiency led to large accumulation of an indolyl GSL, 4-methoxyglucobrassicin, in both shoots (2.68 fold) and roots (5.99 fold). GSLs were positively correlated with the majority of primary metabolites in the shoots, but negative in the roots. Thus, at least in cabbage plants, the interplay between primary metabolism and GSLs appeared to be tissue-dependent, and the metabolic interaction between both metabolites should be elucidated.","PeriodicalId":16778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Biochemistry & Physiology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86347660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-9029.1000226
M. Sugimoto, Y. Houjyo, M. Maekawa, R. Terada
{"title":"Rice Salt-Tolerance Enhancement by Expression of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1- Carboxylic Acid Oxidase Gene from Salt Tolerant Barley","authors":"M. Sugimoto, Y. Houjyo, M. Maekawa, R. Terada","doi":"10.4172/2329-9029.1000226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9029.1000226","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Biochemistry & Physiology","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84317941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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