Pub Date : 2022-10-27DOI: 10.1177/0739456x221128501
L. Fang, Jamaal W. Green, Xinyue Ye, Wei Shi
Urban data science (UDS) is developing rapidly and starting to be widely adopted in urban planning research and curricula. However, economic development planners have been relatively slow in introducing UDS into their toolkits. This reality is a disservice to the subfield and students. This article discusses the motivation and current practices of UDS in economic development, identifies successes and challenges, and suggests actions moving forward. Professional training, curriculum innovation, and support from departments, institutions, and the broader academic and professional communities are called for.
{"title":"Time to Upgrade Our Tools: Integrating Urban Data Science into Economic Development Research and Curriculum","authors":"L. Fang, Jamaal W. Green, Xinyue Ye, Wei Shi","doi":"10.1177/0739456x221128501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456x221128501","url":null,"abstract":"Urban data science (UDS) is developing rapidly and starting to be widely adopted in urban planning research and curricula. However, economic development planners have been relatively slow in introducing UDS into their toolkits. This reality is a disservice to the subfield and students. This article discusses the motivation and current practices of UDS in economic development, identifies successes and challenges, and suggests actions moving forward. Professional training, curriculum innovation, and support from departments, institutions, and the broader academic and professional communities are called for.","PeriodicalId":16793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Education and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43376041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-20DOI: 10.1177/0739456x221126625
A. Azhdari, Mehdi Alidadi, D. Pojani
Is the compact city more likely to materialize if development is guided by the “invisible hand” of the market or the government’s “iron fist”? This article explores this question in the context of Shiraz, a medium-sized, medium-density city in south-central Iran. Through a series of longitudinal analyses, we examine the roles of the market and planning along thirty years, from the mid-1980s through the mid-2010s. The study reveals that since the mid-2000s, market forces have superseded government planning in guiding urban development in Shiraz. The government has reduced its interventions in the market: it no longer issues public land for housing development. Combined with natural constraints and sociodemographic pressures, this new planning/market balance has produced a denser and more compact city than ever before. Shiraz has been transformed from a city of villas, nightingales, and gardens into one dominated by mid- and high-rise apartment towers. The direction and intensity of development have not followed the recommendations of local planners and plans. Rather, they have been driven primarily by developers and residents. Regardless, density and compactness are generally positive—as long as housing and infrastructure quality are sustained, and residents have good access to parks, open spaces, and natural sunlight.
{"title":"What Drives Urban Densification? Free Market versus Government Planning in Iran","authors":"A. Azhdari, Mehdi Alidadi, D. Pojani","doi":"10.1177/0739456x221126625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456x221126625","url":null,"abstract":"Is the compact city more likely to materialize if development is guided by the “invisible hand” of the market or the government’s “iron fist”? This article explores this question in the context of Shiraz, a medium-sized, medium-density city in south-central Iran. Through a series of longitudinal analyses, we examine the roles of the market and planning along thirty years, from the mid-1980s through the mid-2010s. The study reveals that since the mid-2000s, market forces have superseded government planning in guiding urban development in Shiraz. The government has reduced its interventions in the market: it no longer issues public land for housing development. Combined with natural constraints and sociodemographic pressures, this new planning/market balance has produced a denser and more compact city than ever before. Shiraz has been transformed from a city of villas, nightingales, and gardens into one dominated by mid- and high-rise apartment towers. The direction and intensity of development have not followed the recommendations of local planners and plans. Rather, they have been driven primarily by developers and residents. Regardless, density and compactness are generally positive—as long as housing and infrastructure quality are sustained, and residents have good access to parks, open spaces, and natural sunlight.","PeriodicalId":16793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Education and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42094510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-11DOI: 10.1177/0739456X221125443
Deirdre Pfeiffer, Meagan M. Ehlenz, Rababe Saadaoui
This research addresses how the COVID-19 pandemic affected neighborhood engagement by exploring the use of streets, sidewalks, and driveways as sociable spaces for informal and uncoordinated creative expression. We assessed practices occurring in three diverse City of Phoenix neighborhoods before and during the pandemic through visual analysis. We show that residents used these spaces in novel and more intensive ways during the pandemic, including for self-care and care of others, celebrations, children’s play, and property-spanning games and communication. These findings reveal the importance of these interstitial spaces in helping neighbors to cope and connect during societal disruptions.
{"title":"Coping and Connecting through Creativity in the Neighborhood Realm during COVID-19","authors":"Deirdre Pfeiffer, Meagan M. Ehlenz, Rababe Saadaoui","doi":"10.1177/0739456X221125443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456X221125443","url":null,"abstract":"This research addresses how the COVID-19 pandemic affected neighborhood engagement by exploring the use of streets, sidewalks, and driveways as sociable spaces for informal and uncoordinated creative expression. We assessed practices occurring in three diverse City of Phoenix neighborhoods before and during the pandemic through visual analysis. We show that residents used these spaces in novel and more intensive ways during the pandemic, including for self-care and care of others, celebrations, children’s play, and property-spanning games and communication. These findings reveal the importance of these interstitial spaces in helping neighbors to cope and connect during societal disruptions.","PeriodicalId":16793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Education and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47308418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Veronica Scarselli, Melania Martucci, Maria Novelli, Serena Galosi, Maria Romani, Carla Sogos
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) comorbidity is common in clinical practice and it seems to be related to shared etiological mechanisms and genetic susceptibility. Moreover, occurrence of psychosis can further complicate these complex clinical pictures. Here, we discuss the case of a nine-years-old boy presenting with an episode of abnormal sustained posture of the upper limbs, resembling dystonia, at the age of 3. At this time, auditory and visual hallucinations, as well as obsessive thoughts and attentional lability were also present and a diagnosis of "Early onset psychosis" was initially made. Due to the worsening of clinical picture, several hospitalizations were necessary and pharmacological treatment with carbamazepine, risperidone and aripiprazole was carried out. Extensive clinic evaluation revealed a past medical and personal history of toe walking, weak social skills and stereotyped behavior observed and ADOS-2 Module 2 administration revealed severe Autism scores. Moreover, signs of attention and hyperactivity were consistent with ADHD diagnosis. This work highlights the importance of a complete diagnostic assessment in patients with complex presentation, suggesting the possible overlap diagnosis of ADHD and Autism even in presence of psychotic-like symptoms.
{"title":"Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges of Comorbid ASD, ADHD and Psychosis: A Case Report.","authors":"Veronica Scarselli, Melania Martucci, Maria Novelli, Serena Galosi, Maria Romani, Carla Sogos","doi":"10.3390/bs12100382","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs12100382","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) comorbidity is common in clinical practice and it seems to be related to shared etiological mechanisms and genetic susceptibility. Moreover, occurrence of psychosis can further complicate these complex clinical pictures. Here, we discuss the case of a nine-years-old boy presenting with an episode of abnormal sustained posture of the upper limbs, resembling dystonia, at the age of 3. At this time, auditory and visual hallucinations, as well as obsessive thoughts and attentional lability were also present and a diagnosis of \"Early onset psychosis\" was initially made. Due to the worsening of clinical picture, several hospitalizations were necessary and pharmacological treatment with carbamazepine, risperidone and aripiprazole was carried out. Extensive clinic evaluation revealed a past medical and personal history of toe walking, weak social skills and stereotyped behavior observed and ADOS-2 Module 2 administration revealed severe Autism scores. Moreover, signs of attention and hyperactivity were consistent with ADHD diagnosis. This work highlights the importance of a complete diagnostic assessment in patients with complex presentation, suggesting the possible overlap diagnosis of ADHD and Autism even in presence of psychotic-like symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":16793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Education and Research","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9598192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87280142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.1177/0739456x221121248
N. Phelps, David Nichols
Growth may have a logic of its own that results in the unplanned appearance of development at the urban fringe. We summarize the challenges of planning for growth at the urban periphery in terms of the uncertainty, irreversibility, interrelatedness, and indivisibilities surrounding development decisions. Drawing on original research, we illustrate the growing pains of metropolitan Melbourne. We underline the challenges to public planning’s spatial logic of placemaking and sequencing but also the innovation apparent in the face of contemporary growth of new speed and spatial extent.
{"title":"Can Growth Be Planned? The Case of Melbourne’s Urban Periphery","authors":"N. Phelps, David Nichols","doi":"10.1177/0739456x221121248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456x221121248","url":null,"abstract":"Growth may have a logic of its own that results in the unplanned appearance of development at the urban fringe. We summarize the challenges of planning for growth at the urban periphery in terms of the uncertainty, irreversibility, interrelatedness, and indivisibilities surrounding development decisions. Drawing on original research, we illustrate the growing pains of metropolitan Melbourne. We underline the challenges to public planning’s spatial logic of placemaking and sequencing but also the innovation apparent in the face of contemporary growth of new speed and spatial extent.","PeriodicalId":16793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Education and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44457729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-21DOI: 10.1177/0739456x221120665
Kelcie M. Ralph
{"title":"Review: Right of Way: Race, Class, and the Silent Epidemic of Pedestrian Deaths in America, by Schmitt, Angie","authors":"Kelcie M. Ralph","doi":"10.1177/0739456x221120665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456x221120665","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Education and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49546022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1177/0739456x221116356
Arthur Acolin, Annette M. Kim
As urban planners increasingly use technological advances to generate and analyze new data, we must take care to overcome biases embedded in them. We survey American planning programs and find that very few spatial analysis syllabi explicitly raise this issue or include readings or exercises to train students about the limitations and opportunities for critically handling new data streams. We conclude with suggestions for curricular strategies to help fill this pedagogical gap by incorporating (1) groundtruthing and fieldwork exercises; (2) exercises of comparative urban contexts and spatial patterns; and (3) digital participation and public discourse.
{"title":"Teaching Data Justice: Algorithmic Bias and Critical Spatial Analysis in Urban Planning Education","authors":"Arthur Acolin, Annette M. Kim","doi":"10.1177/0739456x221116356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456x221116356","url":null,"abstract":"As urban planners increasingly use technological advances to generate and analyze new data, we must take care to overcome biases embedded in them. We survey American planning programs and find that very few spatial analysis syllabi explicitly raise this issue or include readings or exercises to train students about the limitations and opportunities for critically handling new data streams. We conclude with suggestions for curricular strategies to help fill this pedagogical gap by incorporating (1) groundtruthing and fieldwork exercises; (2) exercises of comparative urban contexts and spatial patterns; and (3) digital participation and public discourse.","PeriodicalId":16793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Education and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43844424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-13DOI: 10.1177/0739456x221120658
D. Gale
{"title":"Review: The Life and Afterlife of Gay Neighborhoods: Renaissance and Resurgence, by Bitterman, Alex and Daniel Baldwin Hess, eds","authors":"D. Gale","doi":"10.1177/0739456x221120658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456x221120658","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Education and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42881860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-13DOI: 10.1177/0739456x221121247
Yi Zhu, Mi Diao
Using Singapore as an example, we find that the opening of new rail transit lines can boost retail property values in areas not only along the new lines (local effect) but also along the existing lines (network effect) due to the increase in network size. We also show the local effect of a new rail line changes over time at different development stages. Ignoring the time-varying local effect and the network effect could lead to biased estimates of the value-added of rail transit and misguide policy formation in rail transit investment, land value capture, and transit-oriented development.
{"title":"The Local and Network Effects of Rail Transit Network Expansion on Retail Property Values","authors":"Yi Zhu, Mi Diao","doi":"10.1177/0739456x221121247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456x221121247","url":null,"abstract":"Using Singapore as an example, we find that the opening of new rail transit lines can boost retail property values in areas not only along the new lines (local effect) but also along the existing lines (network effect) due to the increase in network size. We also show the local effect of a new rail line changes over time at different development stages. Ignoring the time-varying local effect and the network effect could lead to biased estimates of the value-added of rail transit and misguide policy formation in rail transit investment, land value capture, and transit-oriented development.","PeriodicalId":16793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Education and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45455344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-07DOI: 10.1177/0739456x221116359
Earthea Nance, Sheri L. Smith, Jiwan Pun Thapa, Liza T. Powers
Buyouts mitigate the impacts of flood hazards and climate change. Previous research finds buyouts are concentrated in socially vulnerable areas nationally, and in the Houston area, buyouts have contributed to white flight to the suburbs. The effect of buyouts on equity in urban development is understudied. Existing literature overlooks the fact that buyouts are used strategically and may only nominally be a response to risk. This paper examines buyout inequity in the Houston area by mapping the geographical distribution of buyouts against demographic data and by developing a buyout displacement index to reveal the impact of buyouts in high-risk watersheds.
{"title":"A Buyout Displacement Index for Uncovering the Effects of Disinvestment in Greater Houston Watersheds","authors":"Earthea Nance, Sheri L. Smith, Jiwan Pun Thapa, Liza T. Powers","doi":"10.1177/0739456x221116359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456x221116359","url":null,"abstract":"Buyouts mitigate the impacts of flood hazards and climate change. Previous research finds buyouts are concentrated in socially vulnerable areas nationally, and in the Houston area, buyouts have contributed to white flight to the suburbs. The effect of buyouts on equity in urban development is understudied. Existing literature overlooks the fact that buyouts are used strategically and may only nominally be a response to risk. This paper examines buyout inequity in the Houston area by mapping the geographical distribution of buyouts against demographic data and by developing a buyout displacement index to reveal the impact of buyouts in high-risk watersheds.","PeriodicalId":16793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Education and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47157871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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