Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7471.20.12.229
G. Biswal, D. Singh
The trial was conducted at Central Farm, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar in two consecutive years to study the efficacy of bio-agents in comparison with the fungicide, antibiotic and chemicals to manage wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. In the present study, two potent bio-agents Trichoderma viride (107 spore/ml)and Pseudomonas fluorescens (6 × 108cfu/ml)obtained from city market were also used for root dip of seedlings of tomato cv.BT-10 and soil treatment individually and also in combined form. The experimental results revealed that minimum wilt (2.89%) incidence and maximum yield (74.16 q/ha) was recorded from the treatment where seedling root dip with Carbendazim @ 0.15% and Streptocycline 0.015% + soil drench with Carbendazim (0.2%), Plantomycin (0.1%) and Blitox-50 (0.3%) was practised. It was followed by seedling root dip and soil treatment by only P. fluorescens which produced (70.35 q/ha) and was also better than other treatments in coastal plains of Odisha. Therefore, it is advisable to go for P. fluorescens as seedling dip and soil treatment against theFusarium wilt in tomato in coastal plains of Odisha.
{"title":"Eco-friendly Management of Fungal Wilt of Tomato Caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Lycopersici","authors":"G. Biswal, D. Singh","doi":"10.35248/2157-7471.20.12.229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7471.20.12.229","url":null,"abstract":"The trial was conducted at Central Farm, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar in two consecutive years to study the efficacy of bio-agents in comparison with the fungicide, antibiotic and chemicals to manage wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. In the present study, two potent bio-agents Trichoderma viride (107 spore/ml)and Pseudomonas fluorescens (6 × 108cfu/ml)obtained from city market were also used for root dip of seedlings of tomato cv.BT-10 and soil treatment individually and also in combined form. The experimental results revealed that minimum wilt (2.89%) incidence and maximum yield (74.16 q/ha) was recorded from the treatment where seedling root dip with Carbendazim @ 0.15% and Streptocycline 0.015% + soil drench with Carbendazim (0.2%), Plantomycin (0.1%) and Blitox-50 (0.3%) was practised. It was followed by seedling root dip and soil treatment by only P. fluorescens which produced (70.35 q/ha) and was also better than other treatments in coastal plains of Odisha. Therefore, it is advisable to go for P. fluorescens as seedling dip and soil treatment against theFusarium wilt in tomato in coastal plains of Odisha.","PeriodicalId":16845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87381218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.520
M. Jahan, U. Shahzad, S. A. Naqvi, I. Tahir, T. Abbas, M. Iqbal, Phoebe Nemenzo
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of the inoculation of Mesorhizobium ciceri on the nodulation, growth and antagonistic expression against soil-borne fungal pathogens (Phytophthora medicaginis, Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani) on Cicer arietinum L. or commonly known as chickpea grown in vermiculite medium amended with 5% green waste (GW) biochar. The combination of M. ciceri and biochar showed significant effect to chickpea compared with other treatments and control plants in terms of nodulation. The chickpea inoculated with M. ciceri and amended with biochar produced the highest nodule number with an average value of 110 nodules per plant and with an average nodule fresh weight of 57.90 mg per plant at 60 days harvest. The other treatments (M. ciceri only and biochar only) and the positive control (2 mM nitrate-treated plants) produced an average of 55, 65 and 15 nodules per plant with the corresponding average nodule weight of 39.5, 46.5 and 35.6 mg per plant, respectively, 60 days after seed sowing. The combined M. ciceri and biochar also enhanced the shoot length, and fresh and dry weights of chickpea. However, it was observed that the primary root length was shorter than the control but clusters of feeder roots were observed. The combination of M. ciceri and biochar also completely inhibited the colony development of all root pathogenic fungi of chickpea after three days of inoculation. Therefore, the inoculation of M. ciceri in vermiculite medium amended with green waste biochar enhanced the nodulation and growth conditions in chickpea as well as inhibited the growth of root pathogenic fungi P. medicaginis, F. oxysporum and F. solani.
{"title":"Effects of Mesorhizobium ciceri and Biochar on the Growth, Nodulation and Antifungal Activity Against Root Pathogenic Fungi in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)","authors":"M. Jahan, U. Shahzad, S. A. Naqvi, I. Tahir, T. Abbas, M. Iqbal, Phoebe Nemenzo","doi":"10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.520","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to investigate the effects of the inoculation of Mesorhizobium ciceri on the nodulation, growth and antagonistic expression against soil-borne fungal pathogens (Phytophthora medicaginis, Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani) on Cicer arietinum L. or commonly known as chickpea grown in vermiculite medium amended with 5% green waste (GW) biochar. The combination of M. ciceri and biochar showed significant effect to chickpea compared with other treatments and control plants in terms of nodulation. The chickpea inoculated with M. ciceri and amended with biochar produced the highest nodule number with an average value of 110 nodules per plant and with an average nodule fresh weight of 57.90 mg per plant at 60 days harvest. The other treatments (M. ciceri only and biochar only) and the positive control (2 mM nitrate-treated plants) produced an average of 55, 65 and 15 nodules per plant with the corresponding average nodule weight of 39.5, 46.5 and 35.6 mg per plant, respectively, 60 days after seed sowing. The combined M. ciceri and biochar also enhanced the shoot length, and fresh and dry weights of chickpea. However, it was observed that the primary root length was shorter than the control but clusters of feeder roots were observed. The combination of M. ciceri and biochar also completely inhibited the colony development of all root pathogenic fungi of chickpea after three days of inoculation. Therefore, the inoculation of M. ciceri in vermiculite medium amended with green waste biochar enhanced the nodulation and growth conditions in chickpea as well as inhibited the growth of root pathogenic fungi P. medicaginis, F. oxysporum and F. solani.","PeriodicalId":16845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology","volume":"91 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80478739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.503
Catarina Drumonde-Melo, P. Borges, H. Freitas, Luis V. Nunes
The beneficial association of seedlings with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is thought to improve early tree establishment through increased uptake of poorly labile soil nutrients (particularly P) and enhancing plant tolerance to biotic and abiotic factors. Seedlings of Juniperus brevifolia, an endemic woody plant of the Azores archipelago with potential commercial value, was grown in the nursery with and without inoculation by a commercial plant growth promoter consisting of AMF isolated from the Azores (MICOazorica). Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design in a greenhouse. At six months after planting, all AMF-inoculated plants were colonized. The percentage of colonization varied between 46% and 96% (Mean 70%). At harvest, all physical parameters were significantly greater in AMF-inoculated plants relative to uninoculated plants. Based on the obtained results, we strongly advise the use of native AMF, in strategies used in restoration programs in the Azores.
{"title":"Potential Role of Native Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) in theRestoration of Laurisilva","authors":"Catarina Drumonde-Melo, P. Borges, H. Freitas, Luis V. Nunes","doi":"10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.503","url":null,"abstract":"The beneficial association of seedlings with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is thought to improve early tree establishment through increased uptake of poorly labile soil nutrients (particularly P) and enhancing plant tolerance to biotic and abiotic factors. Seedlings of Juniperus brevifolia, an endemic woody plant of the Azores archipelago with potential commercial value, was grown in the nursery with and without inoculation by a commercial plant growth promoter consisting of AMF isolated from the Azores (MICOazorica). Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design in a greenhouse. At six months after planting, all AMF-inoculated plants were colonized. The percentage of colonization varied between 46% and 96% (Mean 70%). At harvest, all physical parameters were significantly greater in AMF-inoculated plants relative to uninoculated plants. Based on the obtained results, we strongly advise the use of native AMF, in strategies used in restoration programs in the Azores.","PeriodicalId":16845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology","volume":"19 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88928998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.E496
S. Kumar
I am pleased to introduce Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology a rapid peer reviewed Journal which have a key concerns over the plant pathology practices by exploring the best pathological and plant related microbiological research and by exhibiting this information both directly, as pathological findings, and in practice oriented formats of direct application in day-to-day situations. I am pleased to announce that, all issues of volume 11 were published online well within the time and the print issues were also brought out and dispatched within 30 days of publishing the issue online during the year of 2019.
{"title":"Editorial Highlights for Journal of Plant Pathology and Microbiology","authors":"S. Kumar","doi":"10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.E496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.E496","url":null,"abstract":"I am pleased to introduce Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology a rapid peer reviewed Journal which have a key concerns over the plant pathology practices by exploring the best pathological and plant related microbiological research and by exhibiting this information both directly, as pathological findings, and in practice oriented formats of direct application in day-to-day situations. I am pleased to announce that, all issues of volume 11 were published online well within the time and the print issues were also brought out and dispatched within 30 days of publishing the issue online during the year of 2019.","PeriodicalId":16845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology","volume":"68 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82190141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.505
K. Sachin, Nargund Vb, J. Shamarao
Biochemical parameters play an important role in resistance or susceptibility in plants against diseases. Development of resistant varieties is the most appropriate approach to control the disease and the concept is now developing to explore the built-in plant defense mechanism in relation to pathogen attack. An attempt was made to study the biochemical factors imparting rust resistance in soybean genotypes at 75 days after sowing (DAS). The resistant genotypes had more of total phenols than susceptible genotypes. Total sugar (Reducing and Non reducing) content was more in resistant genotypes compared to susceptible genotypes at 75 DAS. The resistant genotypes EC- 241780 recorded maximum (5.78 mg/g.) reducing sugar followed by 4.75 mg/g in EC- 241778 (P) genotype and least was recorded 3.31 mg/g in JS-335 susceptible genotype. Among the genotypes EC 241778 recorded highest non reducing sugar content of 2.27 mg g of fresh wt followed by DSb 21 (2.25 mg/g). The least non-reducing sugar content of 1.55 mg/g was recorded in JS 335 followed by JS 93-05, (1.63 mg/g).
{"title":"Biochemical Studies in Rust Resistant and Susceptible Genotypes of Soybean","authors":"K. Sachin, Nargund Vb, J. Shamarao","doi":"10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.505","url":null,"abstract":"Biochemical parameters play an important role in resistance or susceptibility in plants against diseases. Development of resistant varieties is the most appropriate approach to control the disease and the concept is now developing to explore the built-in plant defense mechanism in relation to pathogen attack. An attempt was made to study the biochemical factors imparting rust resistance in soybean genotypes at 75 days after sowing (DAS). The resistant genotypes had more of total phenols than susceptible genotypes. Total sugar (Reducing and Non reducing) content was more in resistant genotypes compared to susceptible genotypes at 75 DAS. The resistant genotypes EC- 241780 recorded maximum (5.78 mg/g.) reducing sugar followed by 4.75 mg/g in EC- 241778 (P) genotype and least was recorded 3.31 mg/g in JS-335 susceptible genotype. Among the genotypes EC 241778 recorded highest non reducing sugar content of 2.27 mg g of fresh wt followed by DSb 21 (2.25 mg/g). The least non-reducing sugar content of 1.55 mg/g was recorded in JS 335 followed by JS 93-05, (1.63 mg/g).","PeriodicalId":16845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology","volume":"36 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87122575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.496
Farag Mf, Attia Fm
Seedling blight of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was recorded in bean fields at five different localities in Beni Sweif Governorate, Egypt. Symptoms appeared as green dark to purplish-brown spots, with brown margins. The affected plant leaves were collected for mycological analysis. Percentage of disease incidence were 30%, 25%, 22%, 15% and 35% in El-Wasta, Nasser, Beni Sweif, Sumosta and Beba counties respectively. Leaf samples were surface sterilized and cultured on potato dextrose agar. The growing fungi were identified on morphological as well as on molecular basis. Microscopic examination revealed that the isolated organisms have the same characteristics of Exserohilum rostratum (Drechsler) Leonard & Suggs. Among the 30 fungal isolates collected from the five bean plantations, a representative isolate was grown for DNA extraction, PCR and rDNA sequencing. Universal primers targeting ITS regions of the rDNA were used for PCR and sequencing. Results confirmed that the sequences of these fungi showed close relationship with E. rostratum with 99.6% - 100% similarity. The obtained sequences were deposited in the GenBank with accession numbers MT075801, MT071830, MT071831, MT071832, and MT071834. Pathogenicity tests confirmed that E. rostratum strains were pathogenic showing the same disease symptoms previously observed on bean plants in the study areas. The minimum temperature for spore germination was 5°C, the optimum temperature was 35°C, and the maximum temperature was 50°C. On the other hand, conidial germination was stopped at both lower (3°C) and higher (55°C) temperatures. Studying the host range of the fungus showed that the pathogen was able to attack tomato, pepper, squash and potato beside common bean and watermelon.
在埃及贝尼·斯韦弗省5个不同地区的豆田中记录了大豆幼苗枯萎病。症状表现为绿、暗至紫褐色斑点，边缘为棕色。采集受感染植物叶片进行真菌学分析。El-Wasta、Nasser、Beni Sweif、Sumosta和Beba县的发病率分别为30%、25%、22%、15%和35%。对叶片样品进行表面灭菌，并在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂上培养。对生长真菌进行了形态和分子鉴定。显微镜检查显示，分离的生物体具有与rostratum exserhilum (Drechsler) Leonard & Suggs相同的特征。从5个大豆种植园收集的30株真菌分离株中，培养有代表性的分离株进行DNA提取、PCR和rDNA测序。使用针对rDNA ITS区域的通用引物进行PCR和测序。结果表明，这些真菌序列与rostratum亲缘关系密切，相似度为99.6% ~ 100%。获得的序列存储在GenBank中，登录号为MT075801、MT071830、MT071831、MT071832和MT071834。致病性试验证实，该菌株具有致病性，表现出与研究区豆科植物相同的疾病症状。孢子萌发的最低温度为5℃，最适温度为35℃，最高温度为50℃。另一方面，在较低(3℃)和较高(55℃)的温度下，分生孢子的萌发都停止了。对病原菌的寄主范围研究表明，除普通豆和西瓜外，该病菌还能侵染番茄、辣椒、南瓜和马铃薯。
{"title":"A First Record of Exserohilum rostratum as a New Pathogen Causing Bean Blight in Egypt.","authors":"Farag Mf, Attia Fm","doi":"10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.496","url":null,"abstract":"Seedling blight of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was recorded in bean fields at five different localities in Beni Sweif Governorate, Egypt. Symptoms appeared as green dark to purplish-brown spots, with brown margins. The affected plant leaves were collected for mycological analysis. Percentage of disease incidence were 30%, 25%, 22%, 15% and 35% in El-Wasta, Nasser, Beni Sweif, Sumosta and Beba counties respectively. Leaf samples were surface sterilized and cultured on potato dextrose agar. The growing fungi were identified on morphological as well as on molecular basis. Microscopic examination revealed that the isolated organisms have the same characteristics of Exserohilum rostratum (Drechsler) Leonard & Suggs. Among the 30 fungal isolates collected from the five bean plantations, a representative isolate was grown for DNA extraction, PCR and rDNA sequencing. Universal primers targeting ITS regions of the rDNA were used for PCR and sequencing. Results confirmed that the sequences of these fungi showed close relationship with E. rostratum with 99.6% - 100% similarity. The obtained sequences were deposited in the GenBank with accession numbers MT075801, MT071830, MT071831, MT071832, and MT071834. Pathogenicity tests confirmed that E. rostratum strains were pathogenic showing the same disease symptoms previously observed on bean plants in the study areas. The minimum temperature for spore germination was 5°C, the optimum temperature was 35°C, and the maximum temperature was 50°C. On the other hand, conidial germination was stopped at both lower (3°C) and higher (55°C) temperatures. Studying the host range of the fungus showed that the pathogen was able to attack tomato, pepper, squash and potato beside common bean and watermelon.","PeriodicalId":16845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87189658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wheat is one of the world's most important crops whose grain production is increasing year after year. However, the emerged virulent stripe rust races at one point of the world spread to the rest of wheat producing countries by wind as well as human travels and damaged popular resistant wheat cultivars thereby posed food insecurity. This study was carried out with the aim to identify possible sources of stripe rust resistance among Ethiopian bread wheat pipelines for durable resistance breeding. Twenty-eight advanced bread wheat pipelines, local susceptible and resistant check cultivars Kubsa and Wane respectively were field tested in randomized complete block design with three replications across two stripe rust hot-spot locations for their slow rusting characteristics. Slow rusting resistance at the adultplant stage was assessed through the determination of final rust severity (FRS), average coefficient of infection (ACI), and relative area under disease progressive curve (rAUDPC). Among the twenty-eight, 24, 2 and 2 genotypes displayed high, moderate and low level of slow rusting over two locations respectively. The results revealed that wheat lines, ETBW- 8858, ETBW-8870, ETBW-8583, ETBW-8668, ETBW-8595, ETBW-8684, ETBW-9548, ETBW-9549, ETBW-9552, ETBW-9554, ETBW-9558, ETBW-9559, ETBW-9560, ETBW-875, ETBW-8802, ETBW-8862, ETBW- 8804, ETBW-8896, ETBW-9556, ETBW-9557, ETBW-8991,ETBW-9486,ETBW-9556 and ETBW-9561 had low values of FRS, ACI and rAUDPC and were regarded as good slow rusting lines. Strong positive correlations were observed between different parameters of slow rusting. As compared with susceptible, resistant check variety and other test lines, three lines namely. ETBW-8684; ETBW-9558 and ETBW-8751 are high yielders and could be released for production. Twenty-four lines with high and moderate levels of slow rusting and expected to possess both major and minor resistance genes could be used for durable stripe rust resistance breeding in wheat. However, is advised to postulate inherent resistance genes in these lines and their seedling susceptibility for providing fruitful recommendations.
{"title":"Field Evaluation of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes for Stripe Rust (Puccinia striiformis W.) Resistance in Arsi Highlands of Oromia Region, South -Eastern-Ethiopia","authors":"Getnet Muche Abebele, Merkuz Abera Admasu, Bekele Hundie Agdu","doi":"10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.521","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat is one of the world's most important crops whose grain production is increasing year after year. However, the emerged virulent stripe rust races at one point of the world spread to the rest of wheat producing countries by wind as well as human travels and damaged popular resistant wheat cultivars thereby posed food insecurity. This study was carried out with the aim to identify possible sources of stripe rust resistance among Ethiopian bread wheat pipelines for durable resistance breeding. Twenty-eight advanced bread wheat pipelines, local susceptible and resistant check cultivars Kubsa and Wane respectively were field tested in randomized complete block design with three replications across two stripe rust hot-spot locations for their slow rusting characteristics. Slow rusting resistance at the adultplant stage was assessed through the determination of final rust severity (FRS), average coefficient of infection (ACI), and relative area under disease progressive curve (rAUDPC). Among the twenty-eight, 24, 2 and 2 genotypes displayed high, moderate and low level of slow rusting over two locations respectively. The results revealed that wheat lines, ETBW- 8858, ETBW-8870, ETBW-8583, ETBW-8668, ETBW-8595, ETBW-8684, ETBW-9548, ETBW-9549, ETBW-9552, ETBW-9554, ETBW-9558, ETBW-9559, ETBW-9560, ETBW-875, ETBW-8802, ETBW-8862, ETBW- 8804, ETBW-8896, ETBW-9556, ETBW-9557, ETBW-8991,ETBW-9486,ETBW-9556 and ETBW-9561 had low values of FRS, ACI and rAUDPC and were regarded as good slow rusting lines. Strong positive correlations were observed between different parameters of slow rusting. As compared with susceptible, resistant check variety and other test lines, three lines namely. ETBW-8684; ETBW-9558 and ETBW-8751 are high yielders and could be released for production. Twenty-four lines with high and moderate levels of slow rusting and expected to possess both major and minor resistance genes could be used for durable stripe rust resistance breeding in wheat. However, is advised to postulate inherent resistance genes in these lines and their seedling susceptibility for providing fruitful recommendations.","PeriodicalId":16845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology","volume":"24 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78222960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.511
B. Sridevi, S. Lokesh
India, in terms of its natural resources, is a very rich country since thousands of medicinal plants are found growing and can as well be accessed for their benefits. Manufacturing drugs using plant products has been a field of utmost importance these days. The therapeutic value behind such plants can be exposed to the world only if it is brought out in a consumable form. Assessing the phytochemistry of each plant before determining its medicinal property and the condition that it can target is crucial. Several phytochemical tests and bioassays are therefore necessary to evaluate the various chemical compounds in the plants. In this study, weeds viz., Leucas aspera (Lamiaceae), Tridax procumbens (Asteraceae), Justiciaadhathoda (Acanthaceae), Alternanthera sessilis (Amaranthaceae), Phyllanthus niruri (Euphorbiaceae), Acalypha indica (Euphorbiaceae) and six medicinal plants Rauvolfia tetraphylla (Apocynaceae), Achyranthes aspera (Amaranthaceae), Tinospora cordifolia (Menispermaceae), Bacopa monnieri (Scrophulariaceae), Eclipta prostrata (Asteraceae) and Clitoria ternatea (Fabaceae) were chosen to investigate their phytochemical composition, phenolic content, flavonoid content, anti-fungal activity and their effect on paddy seed germination. Extraction was carried out using methanol. The highest phenolic content was observed in extract of P. niruri (29.66mg/g GAE). In contrast Leucas aspera showed highest flavonoid content (12.76mg/g QAE). P. niruri at its higher concentration indicated the reduced incidence of fungi like Alternaria padwickii, Verticillium cinnabarinum and Drechslera oryzae which was from 9 to 2%, 5 to 2%, and 10 to 3%, respectively. These findings indicated the importance of common traditional plants in agriculture apart from their medicinal value.
{"title":"Evaluation of Bioactive Compounds of Some Common and Traditional MedicinalPlants in Relevance with the Growth of Paddy","authors":"B. Sridevi, S. Lokesh","doi":"10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.511","url":null,"abstract":"India, in terms of its natural resources, is a very rich country since thousands of medicinal plants are found growing and can as well be accessed for their benefits. Manufacturing drugs using plant products has been a field of utmost importance these days. The therapeutic value behind such plants can be exposed to the world only if it is brought out in a consumable form. Assessing the phytochemistry of each plant before determining its medicinal property and the condition that it can target is crucial. Several phytochemical tests and bioassays are therefore necessary to evaluate the various chemical compounds in the plants. In this study, weeds viz., Leucas aspera (Lamiaceae), Tridax procumbens (Asteraceae), Justiciaadhathoda (Acanthaceae), Alternanthera sessilis (Amaranthaceae), Phyllanthus niruri (Euphorbiaceae), Acalypha indica (Euphorbiaceae) and six medicinal plants Rauvolfia tetraphylla (Apocynaceae), Achyranthes aspera (Amaranthaceae), Tinospora cordifolia (Menispermaceae), Bacopa monnieri (Scrophulariaceae), Eclipta prostrata (Asteraceae) and Clitoria ternatea (Fabaceae) were chosen to investigate their phytochemical composition, phenolic content, flavonoid content, anti-fungal activity and their effect on paddy seed germination. Extraction was carried out using methanol. The highest phenolic content was observed in extract of P. niruri (29.66mg/g GAE). In contrast Leucas aspera showed highest flavonoid content (12.76mg/g QAE). P. niruri at its higher concentration indicated the reduced incidence of fungi like Alternaria padwickii, Verticillium cinnabarinum and Drechslera oryzae which was from 9 to 2%, 5 to 2%, and 10 to 3%, respectively. These findings indicated the importance of common traditional plants in agriculture apart from their medicinal value.","PeriodicalId":16845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87387867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.512
Aqleema Banoo, Efath Shahnaz, B. Saba, Ay, R. S. Rasool, Taibah Bashir, R. Latif
Apple (Malus domestica Borkh) is an important horticultural crop that is affected by the number of diseases round the year. The fruit is particularly susceptible to a number of pathogens both pre- and post-harvest. Management of these diseases is based mostly on the application of synthetic fungicides with obvious disadvantages of environmental pollution, health hazards, pathogen resistance, etc. In the present study, eleven epiphytes were isolated using potato dextrose agar, nutrient agar and yeast maltose agar media. Amongst them, five fungal isolates viz., Aspergillus sp. (I1), Penicillium sp. (I2), Fusarium sp. (I3), Rhizopus sp. (I4) and Alternaria sp. (I5) and six bacterial isolates viz., Pseudomonas sp. (I6), Pseudomonas sp. (I7), Bacillus sp. (I8), Bacillus sp. (I9), Staphylococcus sp. (I10) and Micrococcus sp. (I11) were predominantly noticed under all the three methods (leaf impression, serial dilution and fruit washing) and were hence, used for further studies. The highest average colony count of 3.62 colonies/cm2 was recorded in fruit washing method followed by leaf impression (3.17) and lowest in serial dilution method (2.12). The in vitro screening of various bacterial and fungal epiphytes revealed that isolates of Pseudomonas sp. (I6) and Bacillus (I8 and I9) were the only bacterial strains capable of inhibiting the growth of all the test pathogens using dual culture method. Assays on wounded apples revealed that Pseudomonas sp. I6 at 107 cfu/ml was effective antagonist against Penicillium sp. and Fusarium sp., Bacillus sp. I9 at 107 cfu/ml was effective antagonist against Alternaria sp., whereas, Bacillus sp. I8 at 107 cfu/ml was most effective antagonist against Diplodia sp. The present study revealed that the antagonists were more or less efficient towards each pathogen and can be utilized for the management of post-harvest diseases of apple.
{"title":"Studies on Predominant Epiphytic Micro-flora as Antagonists to Postharvest Pathogens of Apple","authors":"Aqleema Banoo, Efath Shahnaz, B. Saba, Ay, R. S. Rasool, Taibah Bashir, R. Latif","doi":"10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.512","url":null,"abstract":"Apple (Malus domestica Borkh) is an important horticultural crop that is affected by the number of diseases round the year. The fruit is particularly susceptible to a number of pathogens both pre- and post-harvest. Management of these diseases is based mostly on the application of synthetic fungicides with obvious disadvantages of environmental pollution, health hazards, pathogen resistance, etc. In the present study, eleven epiphytes were isolated using potato dextrose agar, nutrient agar and yeast maltose agar media. Amongst them, five fungal isolates viz., Aspergillus sp. (I1), Penicillium sp. (I2), Fusarium sp. (I3), Rhizopus sp. (I4) and Alternaria sp. (I5) and six bacterial isolates viz., Pseudomonas sp. (I6), Pseudomonas sp. (I7), Bacillus sp. (I8), Bacillus sp. (I9), Staphylococcus sp. (I10) and Micrococcus sp. (I11) were predominantly noticed under all the three methods (leaf impression, serial dilution and fruit washing) and were hence, used for further studies. The highest average colony count of 3.62 colonies/cm2 was recorded in fruit washing method followed by leaf impression (3.17) and lowest in serial dilution method (2.12). The in vitro screening of various bacterial and fungal epiphytes revealed that isolates of Pseudomonas sp. (I6) and Bacillus (I8 and I9) were the only bacterial strains capable of inhibiting the growth of all the test pathogens using dual culture method. Assays on wounded apples revealed that Pseudomonas sp. I6 at 107 cfu/ml was effective antagonist against Penicillium sp. and Fusarium sp., Bacillus sp. I9 at 107 cfu/ml was effective antagonist against Alternaria sp., whereas, Bacillus sp. I8 at 107 cfu/ml was most effective antagonist against Diplodia sp. The present study revealed that the antagonists were more or less efficient towards each pathogen and can be utilized for the management of post-harvest diseases of apple.","PeriodicalId":16845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72963344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.516
Aqsa Qurban, A. Ameen, H. Ishfaq
Purpose of this study was to evaluate antibacterial activity of oil extract obtained from parts (leaves) of Melaleuca species against bacterial strains to treat infectious diseases such as Urinary Tract Infection. In general, extracts obtained by extraction method showed antibacterial activity against different tested microorganisms. Agar well diffusion method was used to evaluate antibacterial activity against ten pathogens which include 7 different strains of E. coli, 2 strains of Klebsiella pneumoni and 1 strain of Entercoccus faecalis. According to the results of this study, Essential oils of Melaleuca plant showed the good antibacterial action of the bacterial strains due to the measurement of clear zone of inhibition but antibiotic susceptibility assay was more appreciable. Antibiotics are used as positive control and ethanol as negative control along with it. In conclusion, Extracts of Melaleuca species found to be containing chemical compounds useful in the treatment of many infectious diseases such as urinary tract infection, acne and many other skin diseases.
{"title":"Efficacy of Essential oil of Two Melaleuca Species in the Treatment of Infectious Diseases","authors":"Aqsa Qurban, A. Ameen, H. Ishfaq","doi":"10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.516","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of this study was to evaluate antibacterial activity of oil extract obtained from parts (leaves) of Melaleuca species against bacterial strains to treat infectious diseases such as Urinary Tract Infection. In general, extracts obtained by extraction method showed antibacterial activity against different tested microorganisms. Agar well diffusion method was used to evaluate antibacterial activity against ten pathogens which include 7 different strains of E. coli, 2 strains of Klebsiella pneumoni and 1 strain of Entercoccus faecalis. According to the results of this study, Essential oils of Melaleuca plant showed the good antibacterial action of the bacterial strains due to the measurement of clear zone of inhibition but antibiotic susceptibility assay was more appreciable. Antibiotics are used as positive control and ethanol as negative control along with it. In conclusion, Extracts of Melaleuca species found to be containing chemical compounds useful in the treatment of many infectious diseases such as urinary tract infection, acne and many other skin diseases.","PeriodicalId":16845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology","volume":"28 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89754622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：