Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.028
Wenjian Lai , Huimin Zhang , Yingchen Jiang , Xinyu Huang , Yuhua Liao , Jiejing Hao , Yifen Liu , Yan Chen , Wanxin Wang , Lan Guo , Wei-Hong Zhang , Kayla M. Teopiz , Roger S. McIntyre , Xue Han , Ciyong Lu
The association between childhood trauma (CT), stressful life events (SLE) and the onset and severity of major depressive disorder (MDD) has not been extensively studied. This study aimed to investigate the separate and combined association of CT and SLE with the onset and severity of MDD. A total of 503 patients with MDD and 503 controls were included. The diagnosis of MDD was assessed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.) by trained psychiatrists. Trauma exposure was assessed using the short form of Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-SF) and stressful life events screening questionnaire (SLESQ). A series of conditional logistic regression models and multiple linear regression models were performed. The majority of patients with MDD (84.9%) and controls (61.6%) have reported trauma exposure. After adjusting for covariates, exposure to CT or SLE was independently associated with an elevated risk of the onset and severity of MDD. Moreover, a significant additive interaction between CT and SLE on the onset of MDD was observed (relative excess risk due to interactions [RERI] = 6.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.19–13.66). MDD patients were more likely to experience both CT and SLE compared with controls (odds ratio [OR] = 10.37, 95% CI = 4.99–21.56). MDD patients with both CT and SLE experience were more like to have more severe depressive symptoms (β = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.02–3.30). These findings underscore the importance of targeted prevention measures addressing the occurrence of CT and SLE to mitigate the risk of MDD development and the severity of depressive symptoms.
儿童创伤（CT）、应激性生活事件（SLE）与重度抑郁症（MDD）的发病和严重程度之间的关系尚未得到广泛研究。本研究旨在探讨CT和SLE与MDD发病和严重程度的单独和联合关系。共纳入503名重度抑郁症患者和503名对照组。由训练有素的精神科医生使用迷你国际神经精神病学访谈（M.I.N.I.）评估重度抑郁症的诊断。采用简易儿童创伤问卷（CTQ-SF）和应激生活事件筛选问卷（SLESQ）对创伤暴露进行评估。建立了一系列条件逻辑回归模型和多元线性回归模型。大多数重度抑郁症患者（84.9%）和对照组（61.6%）报告有创伤暴露。在调整协变量后，暴露于CT或SLE与MDD发病和严重程度的风险升高独立相关。此外，观察到CT和SLE对MDD发病有显著的累加性相互作用（相互作用导致的相对超额风险[rei] = 6.93, 95%可信区间[CI] = 0.19-13.66）。与对照组相比，重度抑郁症患者更有可能同时经历CT和SLE（优势比[OR] = 10.37, 95% CI = 4.99-21.56）。同时有CT和SLE经历的MDD患者更有可能出现更严重的抑郁症状（β = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.02-3.30）。这些发现强调了针对CT和SLE发生的针对性预防措施的重要性，以减轻MDD发展的风险和抑郁症状的严重程度。
{"title":"Trauma exposure as a risk factor of major depressive disorder: A matched case-control study","authors":"Wenjian Lai , Huimin Zhang , Yingchen Jiang , Xinyu Huang , Yuhua Liao , Jiejing Hao , Yifen Liu , Yan Chen , Wanxin Wang , Lan Guo , Wei-Hong Zhang , Kayla M. Teopiz , Roger S. McIntyre , Xue Han , Ciyong Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The association between childhood trauma (CT), stressful life events (SLE) and the onset and severity of major depressive disorder (MDD) has not been extensively studied. This study aimed to investigate the separate and combined association of CT and SLE with the onset and severity of MDD. A total of 503 patients with MDD and 503 controls were included. The diagnosis of MDD was assessed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.) by trained psychiatrists. Trauma exposure was assessed using the short form of Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-SF) and stressful life events screening questionnaire (SLESQ). A series of conditional logistic regression models and multiple linear regression models were performed. The majority of patients with MDD (84.9%) and controls (61.6%) have reported trauma exposure. After adjusting for covariates, exposure to CT or SLE was independently associated with an elevated risk of the onset and severity of MDD. Moreover, a significant additive interaction between CT and SLE on the onset of MDD was observed (relative excess risk due to interactions [RERI] = 6.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.19–13.66). MDD patients were more likely to experience both CT and SLE compared with controls (odds ratio [OR] = 10.37, 95% CI = 4.99–21.56). MDD patients with both CT and SLE experience were more like to have more severe depressive symptoms (β = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.02–3.30). These findings underscore the importance of targeted prevention measures addressing the occurrence of CT and SLE to mitigate the risk of MDD development and the severity of depressive symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 204-211"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.034
Wenjing Hu , Qiyuan Wang , Lifang Jiang , Lina Zhang , Huichao Sun , Junying Bao , Xiao Chen , Gaole Yuan , Kai Yan , Yun Liu , Jian Wu , Tao Liu
Background
Previous studies have shown that neurons in the Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis (BNST) respond to stress and play a key role in mental health. However, the cellular bases of BNST in adolescent depression remain elusive.
Methods
Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to the control (Ctrl) or chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) groups. The CUS mice, aged 28 days, were subjected to diverse stressors at various times of the day for 12 days. Depression-like behaviors were assessed through the sucrose preference test (SPT) and tail suspension test (TST). Immunostaining was used to investigate the neural activity and subtypes in the brain. A chemogenetic tool was conducted to examine the role of specific neural activity in CUS-induced depression-like behaviors.
Results
CUS led to a significant decrease in preference for sucrose solution in the SPT and increased immobility time in the TST. C-Fos immunostaining showed hyperactivity of the GABAergic neurons within the dorsal BNST (dBNSTGABA). Chemogenetic activation of dBNSTGABA neurons increased depression-like behaviors. Conversely, chemogenetic inhibition of dBNSTGABA neurons led to a decrease in CUS-induced depression.
Conclusions
These results suggest that adolescent CUS induces hyperactivity of dBNSTGABA neurons, subsequently giving rise to depression-like behaviors and that reducing dBNSTGABA neuronal activity might constitute a novel and efficacious therapeutic approach for adolescent depression.
{"title":"Dorsal bed nucleus of the stria terminalis GABA neurons are necessary for chronic unpredictable stress-induced depressive behaviors in adolescent male mice","authors":"Wenjing Hu , Qiyuan Wang , Lifang Jiang , Lina Zhang , Huichao Sun , Junying Bao , Xiao Chen , Gaole Yuan , Kai Yan , Yun Liu , Jian Wu , Tao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Previous studies have shown that neurons in the Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis (BNST) respond to stress and play a key role in mental health. However, the cellular bases of BNST in adolescent depression remain elusive.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to the control (Ctrl) or chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) groups. The CUS mice, aged 28 days, were subjected to diverse stressors at various times of the day for 12 days. Depression-like behaviors were assessed through the sucrose preference test (SPT) and tail suspension test (TST). Immunostaining was used to investigate the neural activity and subtypes in the brain. A chemogenetic tool was conducted to examine the role of specific neural activity in CUS-induced depression-like behaviors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CUS led to a significant decrease in preference for sucrose solution in the SPT and increased immobility time in the TST. C-Fos immunostaining showed hyperactivity of the GABAergic neurons within the dorsal BNST (dBNST<sup>GABA</sup>). Chemogenetic activation of dBNST<sup>GABA</sup> neurons increased depression-like behaviors. Conversely, chemogenetic inhibition of dBNST<sup>GABA</sup> neurons led to a decrease in CUS-induced depression.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These results suggest that adolescent CUS induces hyperactivity of dBNST<sup>GABA</sup> neurons, subsequently giving rise to depression-like behaviors and that reducing dBNST<sup>GABA</sup> neuronal activity might constitute a novel and efficacious therapeutic approach for adolescent depression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 347-357"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.045
Yuxing Jared Yao , Yu Chen , Chiang-Shan R. Li
Introduction
The hypothalamus plays a pivotal role in supporting motivated behaviors, including aggression. Previous work suggested differential roles of the medial (MH) and lateral hypothalamus (LH) in aggressive behaviors, but little is known about how their resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) may relate to aggression in humans.
Methods
We employed the data from the Human Connectome Project (HCP) and examined the rsFC's of LH and MH in 745 young adults (393 women). We also explored sex differences in the rsFC's. We processed the imaging data with published routines and evaluated the results of voxel-wise regression on the aggression score, as obtained from Achenbach Adult Self Report, with a corrected threshold.
Results
The analyses revealed significant rsFC's between the LH and clusters in the middle temporal and occipital gyri across all subjects and in the thalamus for men, both in negative correlation with the aggression score. The slope test confirmed sex difference in the correlation between the LH-thalamus rsFC and aggression score. No significant rsFC was observed for the MH.
Conclusions
These findings suggest a role of the LH rsFC's and sex differences in the LH-thalamus rsFC in the manifestation of aggression in humans. The findings highlight the need for further research into sex-specific neural pathways in aggression and other related behavioral traits of importance to mental health.
{"title":"Hypothalamic resting-state functional connectivity and self-evaluated aggression in young adults","authors":"Yuxing Jared Yao , Yu Chen , Chiang-Shan R. Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The hypothalamus plays a pivotal role in supporting motivated behaviors, including aggression. Previous work suggested differential roles of the medial (MH) and lateral hypothalamus (LH) in aggressive behaviors, but little is known about how their resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) may relate to aggression in humans.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We employed the data from the Human Connectome Project (HCP) and examined the rsFC's of LH and MH in 745 young adults (393 women). We also explored sex differences in the rsFC's. We processed the imaging data with published routines and evaluated the results of voxel-wise regression on the aggression score, as obtained from Achenbach Adult Self Report, with a corrected threshold.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analyses revealed significant rsFC's between the LH and clusters in the middle temporal and occipital gyri across all subjects and in the thalamus for men, both in negative correlation with the aggression score. The slope test confirmed sex difference in the correlation between the LH-thalamus rsFC and aggression score. No significant rsFC was observed for the MH.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest a role of the LH rsFC's and sex differences in the LH-thalamus rsFC in the manifestation of aggression in humans. The findings highlight the need for further research into sex-specific neural pathways in aggression and other related behavioral traits of importance to mental health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 421-429"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.019
Liz A Saunders , Blake S Cavve , Cati S Thomas , Penelope Strauss , Simone Mahfouda , Hans-Willem van Hall , Georgia Chaplyn , Julia K Moore , Ashleigh Lin
Background
Standardised psychometric measures are used in mental health care and research settings to identify risk, assist diagnosis, and assess symptom severity. Standardised scoring of these measures involves transforming respondents’ raw scores using binary sex norms. However, scoring manuals offer no guidance as to appropriate scoring methods for trans and non-binary respondents. The Child and Adolescent Health Service - Gender Diversity Service (GDS) implemented a practice to score psychometric measures twice, according to both birth-registered sex (BRS) and the other sex (OS) norms (i.e., “double-scoring”). As it was unclear which choice of norm was the most clinically useful for the identification of risk, this study investigated whether there was any clinically meaningful difference in levels of psychopathology when scoring measures by OS versus BRS norms.
Methods
We analysed clinical-range classification of scores (clinically significant versus sub-clinical) on four sex-normed psychometric assessment measures (Child Behavior Check List, Youth Self Report, Social Responsiveness Scale 2, and Beck Youth Inventory) completed by GENder identiTy Longitudinal Experience (GENTLE) participants, as part of standard initial assessment at the GDS (N = 233).
Results
Sub-domains within all four measures resulted in inconsistent classifications of between 0 and 15% of participants into clinical versus sub-clinical ranges when scored using OS versus BRS norm.
Conclusion
Scoring sex-normed standardised psychometric measures by BRS or OS results in different scores, in varying domains, and not in a uniform way. For clinical use, we suggest it is preferable to err on the side of sensitivity. For research purposes, we recommend standardised use of birth-registered sex norms for current measures. We suggest developing universal non-gendered psychometric measures which rate psychological symptoms according to distress and functional impairment, resulting in a more inclusive, equitable framework for evaluating mental health in gender diverse populations.
{"title":"Mental health assessment of transgender youth - Should standardised psychological measures be scored by norms of birth-registered sex?","authors":"Liz A Saunders , Blake S Cavve , Cati S Thomas , Penelope Strauss , Simone Mahfouda , Hans-Willem van Hall , Georgia Chaplyn , Julia K Moore , Ashleigh Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Standardised psychometric measures are used in mental health care and research settings to identify risk, assist diagnosis, and assess symptom severity. Standardised scoring of these measures involves transforming respondents’ raw scores using binary sex norms. However, scoring manuals offer no guidance as to appropriate scoring methods for trans and non-binary respondents. The Child and Adolescent Health Service - Gender Diversity Service (GDS) implemented a practice to score psychometric measures twice, according to both birth-registered sex (BRS) and the other sex (OS) norms (i.e., “double-scoring”). As it was unclear which choice of norm was the most clinically useful for the identification of risk, this study investigated whether there was any clinically meaningful difference in levels of psychopathology when scoring measures by OS versus BRS norms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analysed clinical-range classification of scores (clinically significant versus sub-clinical) on four sex-normed psychometric assessment measures (Child Behavior Check List, Youth Self Report, Social Responsiveness Scale 2, and Beck Youth Inventory) completed by GENder identiTy Longitudinal Experience (GENTLE) participants, as part of standard initial assessment at the GDS (<em>N</em> = 233).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sub-domains within all four measures resulted in inconsistent classifications of between 0 and 15% of participants into clinical versus sub-clinical ranges when scored using OS versus BRS norm.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Scoring sex-normed standardised psychometric measures by BRS or OS results in different scores, in varying domains, and not in a uniform way. For clinical use, we suggest it is preferable to err on the side of sensitivity. For research purposes, we recommend standardised use of birth-registered sex norms for current measures. We suggest developing universal non-gendered psychometric measures which rate psychological symptoms according to distress and functional impairment, resulting in a more inclusive, equitable framework for evaluating mental health in gender diverse populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 513-521"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143138849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.006
Emily A. Farina , Michal Assaf , Silvia Corbera , Jimmy Choi , Christine Yantz , Chi-Ming Chen
Background
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a psychiatric disorder that often involves reduced social functioning. Frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) is a neurophysiological marker extracted from electroencephalogram (EEG) data that is likely related to motivational and emotional tendencies, such as reduced motivation across various psychiatric disorders, including SZ. Therefore, it may offer a neurophysiological marker for social functioning.
Objectives
The present study aimed to examine whether FAA is related to social functioning in schizophrenia. Additionally, a group of people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) was included to explore whether findings are unique to schizophrenia, or whether they are found in another diagnostic group with atypical social behaviors.
Methods
Analysis of variance and regression models were used to evaluate data from resting-state EEG, clinical interviews, and self-report measures. Data from 33 participants with SZ were compared to 38 healthy controls and 30 individuals with ASD.
Results
Although people with SZ showed differences in FAA compared to healthy controls, the altered neurophysiology was not related to reduced social functioning in SZ. However, FAA was related to social functioning in people without a psychiatric diagnosis. Additionally, comparisons between the SZ and ASD group revealed few differences in patterns of FAA and social functioning, suggesting commonalities between the disorders in these areas.
Conclusions
FAA likely does not present a neurophysiological marker for reduced social functioning in schizophrenia, though future work should examine its role in other possible clinical manifestations shared between schizophrenia and ASD.
{"title":"Social functioning and frontal alpha asymmetry in schizophrenia","authors":"Emily A. Farina , Michal Assaf , Silvia Corbera , Jimmy Choi , Christine Yantz , Chi-Ming Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Schizophrenia (SZ) is a psychiatric disorder that often involves reduced social functioning. Frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) is a neurophysiological marker extracted from electroencephalogram (EEG) data that is likely related to motivational and emotional tendencies, such as reduced motivation across various psychiatric disorders, including SZ. Therefore, it may offer a neurophysiological marker for social functioning.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The present study aimed to examine whether FAA is related to social functioning in schizophrenia. Additionally, a group of people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) was included to explore whether findings are unique to schizophrenia, or whether they are found in another diagnostic group with atypical social behaviors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Analysis of variance and regression models were used to evaluate data from resting-state EEG, clinical interviews, and self-report measures. Data from 33 participants with SZ were compared to 38 healthy controls and 30 individuals with ASD.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Although people with SZ showed differences in FAA compared to healthy controls, the altered neurophysiology was not related to reduced social functioning in SZ. However, FAA was related to social functioning in people without a psychiatric diagnosis. Additionally, comparisons between the SZ and ASD group revealed few differences in patterns of FAA and social functioning, suggesting commonalities between the disorders in these areas.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>FAA likely does not present a neurophysiological marker for reduced social functioning in schizophrenia, though future work should examine its role in other possible clinical manifestations shared between schizophrenia and ASD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 74-82"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.037
Chenglin Hong , Bartosz Skiba
LGBTQ adolescents and young adults have been disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. This review aims to describe the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on mental health among LGBTQ adolescents and young adults, identify associated factors, and summarize coping strategies. A systematic review was conducted by searching six databases (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, MEDLINE). Eligibility criteria included (1) reported mental health outcomes, (2) conducted among LGBTQ adolescents and young adults, and (3) data collection occurred since January 2020. All studies were screened independently, and relevant data were synthesized following PRISMA guidelines. Of 395 records, 67 articles were screened for eligibility. Among these, 39 studies met the inclusion criteria. LGBTQ adolescents and young adults reported substantial mental health burdens, including depression, anxiety, stress, and loneliness during the pandemic. A pooled prevalence of depressive symptoms with a combined sample size of 7326 LGBTQ adolescents and young adults was 59% (95%CI: 0.48–0.70), (I2 = 98.95%, p < 0.001). Among anxiety outcomes, the pooled prevalence with a sample size of 3258 LGBTQ adolescents and young adults was 55% (95% CI: 0.46–0.63), (I2 = 95.70%, p < 0.001). Individual factors associated with mental distress included age, gender, and history of mental health disorders. Interpersonal and community-level factors included loss of safe spaces, family support, and discrimination on sexual and gender minority identity. Strategies to cope with distress include the use of social media and increased use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs. The pandemic has had a substantial negative impact on psychological distress among LGBTQ adolescents and young adults. Results substantiate the need for further research into social media as a coping instrument and the expansion of telehealth mental health services.
LGBTQ青少年和年轻人受到COVID-19大流行的影响尤为严重。本综述旨在描述COVID-19危机对LGBTQ青少年和年轻人心理健康的影响，确定相关因素，并总结应对策略。通过检索六个数据库（PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO， CINAHL, Web of Science， MEDLINE）进行系统评价。入选标准包括(1)报告的心理健康结果，(2)在LGBTQ青少年和年轻人中进行的研究，以及(3)数据收集于2020年1月以后。所有的研究都是独立筛选的，相关数据是按照PRISMA指南合成的。在395份记录中，67篇文章被筛选为合格。其中39项研究符合纳入标准。在大流行期间，LGBTQ青少年和年轻人报告了严重的精神健康负担，包括抑郁、焦虑、压力和孤独。7326名LGBTQ青少年和年轻人的抑郁症状总患病率为59% (95%CI: 0.48-0.70), (I2 = 98.95%, p 2 = 95.70%, p
{"title":"Mental health outcomes, associated factors, and coping strategies among LGBTQ adolescent and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review","authors":"Chenglin Hong , Bartosz Skiba","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>LGBTQ adolescents and young adults have been disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. This review aims to describe the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on mental health among LGBTQ adolescents and young adults, identify associated factors, and summarize coping strategies. A systematic review was conducted by searching six databases (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, MEDLINE). Eligibility criteria included (1) reported mental health outcomes, (2) conducted among LGBTQ adolescents and young adults, and (3) data collection occurred since January 2020. All studies were screened independently, and relevant data were synthesized following PRISMA guidelines. Of 395 records, 67 articles were screened for eligibility. Among these, 39 studies met the inclusion criteria. LGBTQ adolescents and young adults reported substantial mental health burdens, including depression, anxiety, stress, and loneliness during the pandemic. A pooled prevalence of depressive symptoms with a combined sample size of 7326 LGBTQ adolescents and young adults was 59% (95%CI: 0.48–0.70), (<em>I</em><sup><em>2</em></sup> = 98.95%, p < 0.001). Among anxiety outcomes, the pooled prevalence with a sample size of 3258 LGBTQ adolescents and young adults was 55% (95% CI: 0.46–0.63), (<em>I</em><sup><em>2</em></sup> = 95.70%, p < 0.001). Individual factors associated with mental distress included age, gender, and history of mental health disorders. Interpersonal and community-level factors included loss of safe spaces, family support, and discrimination on sexual and gender minority identity. Strategies to cope with distress include the use of social media and increased use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs. The pandemic has had a substantial negative impact on psychological distress among LGBTQ adolescents and young adults. Results substantiate the need for further research into social media as a coping instrument and the expansion of telehealth mental health services.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 132-141"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142983852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.059
Laura J. Long, Daniella Spencer-Laitt, Bonnie Brown, Todd J. Farchione
{"title":"Reply to letter to the editor: Evaluating the efficacy of zonisamide in managing alcohol use disorder","authors":"Laura J. Long, Daniella Spencer-Laitt, Bonnie Brown, Todd J. Farchione","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.059","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 398-399"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143066355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.047
Huan Zhou , Hailong Li , Shiyu Liu , Lingxiao Cao , Shuangwei Chai , Yingxue Gao , Kaili Liang , Mengyue Tang , Lianqing Zhang , Yidan Wang , Xinyue Hu , Changjian Qiu , Qiyong Gong , Xiaoqi Huang
Background
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a prevalent anxiety disorder often comorbid with major depressive disorder (MDD). Previous neuroimaging studies have shown that white matter (WM) microstructural alterations are critical for efficient communication between brain regions, and play an important role in the pathology of GAD. However, the exact profile of WM abnormalities in GAD with and without comorbid MDD remain unclear. This study aimed to uncover them using a novel global probabilistic tractography technology named Tracts Constrained by Underlying Anatomy (TRACULA), and to assess the correlations between fascicle integrity and symptom severity.
Methods
We recruited 20 pure GAD (p-GAD) patients, 14 GAD comorbid with MDD (GAD + MDD) patients, and 41 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). All participants underwent T1 magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging. For each subject, 42 WM fiber bundles of the whole brain were successfully tracked and calculated with five metrics including volume, fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD) and axial diffusivity (AD). Group comparison were firstly performed between the whole GAD patients and HCs. Then, we compared the differences among the three groups (the p-GAD, GAD + MDD patients and HCs) using the one-way ANCOVA and post hoc analysis with the Bonferroni correction. Furthermore, correlations between abnormal WM metrics and clinical symptom severity were examined using partial correlations analyses among patients.
Results
Compare to HCs, both p-GAD and GAD + MDD patients exhibited decreased FA values in left superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) II, and right dorsal of cingulum bundle (CBD); Moreover, GAD + MDD patients showed decreased FA, increased MD and RD values in the central and temporal section of the body of the corpus callosum (CC-BODY), right SLF I and II compared to HCs. Within the GAD + MDD group, GAD-7 scores were negatively correlated with FA values (r = −0.75, p = 0.008) and positively correlated with RD values (r = 0.7, p = 0.017) in the right CBD.
Conclusion
This study identified both shared and distinctive changes in GAD patients with and without MDD. The shared WM disruption in the p-GAD and GAD + MDD groups located in the left SLF and right CBD, while only GAD + MDD patients showed distinctive changes in the central and temporal sections of the CC-BODY and right SLF. Current study gave a comprehensive characterization of WM abnormalities among these patients, and highlighted TRACULA's value in identifying critical WM changes.
{"title":"Shared and distinctive changes of the white matter integrity in generalized anxiety disorder with or without depressive disorder","authors":"Huan Zhou , Hailong Li , Shiyu Liu , Lingxiao Cao , Shuangwei Chai , Yingxue Gao , Kaili Liang , Mengyue Tang , Lianqing Zhang , Yidan Wang , Xinyue Hu , Changjian Qiu , Qiyong Gong , Xiaoqi Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a prevalent anxiety disorder often comorbid with major depressive disorder (MDD). Previous neuroimaging studies have shown that white matter (WM) microstructural alterations are critical for efficient communication between brain regions, and play an important role in the pathology of GAD. However, the exact profile of WM abnormalities in GAD with and without comorbid MDD remain unclear. This study aimed to uncover them using a novel global probabilistic tractography technology named Tracts Constrained by Underlying Anatomy (TRACULA), and to assess the correlations between fascicle integrity and symptom severity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We recruited 20 pure GAD (p-GAD) patients, 14 GAD comorbid with MDD (GAD + MDD) patients, and 41 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). All participants underwent T1 magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging. For each subject, 42 WM fiber bundles of the whole brain were successfully tracked and calculated with five metrics including volume, fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD) and axial diffusivity (AD). Group comparison were firstly performed between the whole GAD patients and HCs. Then, we compared the differences among the three groups (the p-GAD, GAD + MDD patients and HCs) using the one-way ANCOVA and post hoc analysis with the Bonferroni correction. Furthermore, correlations between abnormal WM metrics and clinical symptom severity were examined using partial correlations analyses among patients.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compare to HCs, both p-GAD and GAD + MDD patients exhibited decreased FA values in left superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) II, and right dorsal of cingulum bundle (CBD); Moreover, GAD + MDD patients showed decreased FA, increased MD and RD values in the central and temporal section of the body of the corpus callosum (CC-BODY), right SLF I and II compared to HCs. Within the GAD + MDD group, GAD-7 scores were negatively correlated with FA values (r = −0.75, <em>p</em> = 0.008) and positively correlated with RD values (r = 0.7, <em>p</em> = 0.017) in the right CBD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study identified both shared and distinctive changes in GAD patients with and without MDD. The shared WM disruption in the p-GAD and GAD + MDD groups located in the left SLF and right CBD, while only GAD + MDD patients showed distinctive changes in the central and temporal sections of the CC-BODY and right SLF. Current study gave a comprehensive characterization of WM abnormalities among these patients, and highlighted TRACULA's value in identifying critical WM changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 430-437"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.018
Yanchi Wang , Huiju Lu , Feng Zhang , Jian Gu
Objectives
Postpartum depression (PPD) is widely acknowledged as a significant mental health problem for postpartum women, and several factors have been associated with PPD. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of PPD and explore the factors and relationships associated with PPD symptoms in postpartum women using path analysis. Furthermore, a new framework for PPD modeling for postpartum women was introduced.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey of 406 women at 42 days postpartum was conducted to collect the basic postpartum conditions and the factors associated with PPD. Linear regression was used to identify factors associated with PPD, and path analysis was used to explore the relationship between PPD and related factors.
Results
The incidence of PPD symptoms was 18.5% (75/406). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors associated with PPD symptoms in postpartum women included maternal postpartum stress, postpartum anxiety, social support, marital satisfaction, sleep quality, and maternal postnatal attachment (P < 0.05). The constructed path analysis model had good a fit (χ2/DF = 1.779, CFI = 0.998, GFI = 0.997, AGFI = 0.965, NFI = 0.995, IFI = 0.998, and RMSEA = 0.044). The path analysis revealed that postpartum anxiety exhibited only a direct effect on PPD (effect value: 0.243). Sleep quality was the factor that most affected PPD symptoms, followed by maternal postnatal attachment, postpartum stress, social support, postpartum anxiety, and marital satisfaction.
Discussion
Our findings show that interventions targeting enhanced maternal postnatal attachment, improved sleep quality, strengthened social support, better marital relationships, as well as reduced postpartum stress and anxiety, can effectively alleviate PPD symptoms. The direct and indirect effects of these factors on PPD highlight its complexity and the significance of a multifaceted prevention and treatment approach. Our study deepens the understanding of the intricate relationships between psychosocial factors and PPD, providing insights for potential intervention targets.
{"title":"Path analysis of the factors associated with postpartum depression symptoms in postpartum women","authors":"Yanchi Wang , Huiju Lu , Feng Zhang , Jian Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Postpartum depression (PPD) is widely acknowledged as a significant mental health problem for postpartum women, and several factors have been associated with PPD. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of PPD and explore the factors and relationships associated with PPD symptoms in postpartum women using path analysis. Furthermore, a new framework for PPD modeling for postpartum women was introduced.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional survey of 406 women at 42 days postpartum was conducted to collect the basic postpartum conditions and the factors associated with PPD. Linear regression was used to identify factors associated with PPD, and path analysis was used to explore the relationship between PPD and related factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The incidence of PPD symptoms was 18.5% (75/406). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors associated with PPD symptoms in postpartum women included maternal postpartum stress, postpartum anxiety, social support, marital satisfaction, sleep quality, and maternal postnatal attachment (<em>P</em> < 0.05). The constructed path analysis model had good a fit (χ2/DF = 1.779, CFI = 0.998, GFI = 0.997, AGFI = 0.965, NFI = 0.995, IFI = 0.998, and RMSEA = 0.044). The path analysis revealed that postpartum anxiety exhibited only a direct effect on PPD (effect value: 0.243). Sleep quality was the factor that most affected PPD symptoms, followed by maternal postnatal attachment, postpartum stress, social support, postpartum anxiety, and marital satisfaction.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Our findings show that interventions targeting enhanced maternal postnatal attachment, improved sleep quality, strengthened social support, better marital relationships, as well as reduced postpartum stress and anxiety, can effectively alleviate PPD symptoms. The direct and indirect effects of these factors on PPD highlight its complexity and the significance of a multifaceted prevention and treatment approach. Our study deepens the understanding of the intricate relationships between psychosocial factors and PPD, providing insights for potential intervention targets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 195-203"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.038
Jun Sung Hong , Serim Lee , Robert Thornberg , Tomas Jungert , Dexter R. Voisin
This study explored whether authoritarian or authoritative parenting practices for adolescents would mediate the association between involvement in bullying and severe forms of violent behaviors. Cross-sectional data were collected from a matched sample of 120 African-American adolescents, ages 13–24 (Mage = 14.79 years, 27.5% boys), and their caregivers. The survey included self-report measures of severe forms of violent behaviors, bullying perpetration and victimization, authoritative and authoritarian parenting, and demographic characteristics. Results indicated that authoritative parenting moderated the relationship between bullying perpetration and severe forms of violent behaviors and bullying victimization and severe forms of violent behaviors. Low authoritative parenting was related to higher levels of severe forms of violent behaviors among adolescents reporting higher bullying, while low authoritative parenting was related to lower levels of severe forms of violent behaviors among adolescents reporting lower bullying. In addition, for victims, authoritative parenting was associated with a reduction in severe forms of violent behaviors at both low and high levels of victimization. Results suggest that an authoritative parenting style should be considered in prevention and intervention to avoid the escalation of severe forms of violent behaviors among African-American youth in Chicago.
{"title":"Authoritative or authoritarian parenting: Which one buffers the association between bullying and severe forms of violent behaviors among African-American youth in Chicago's Southside?","authors":"Jun Sung Hong , Serim Lee , Robert Thornberg , Tomas Jungert , Dexter R. Voisin","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.01.038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explored whether authoritarian or authoritative parenting practices for adolescents would mediate the association between involvement in bullying and severe forms of violent behaviors. Cross-sectional data were collected from a matched sample of 120 African-American adolescents, ages 13–24 (<em>M</em><sub>age</sub> = 14.79 years, 27.5% boys), and their caregivers. The survey included self-report measures of severe forms of violent behaviors, bullying perpetration and victimization, authoritative and authoritarian parenting, and demographic characteristics. Results indicated that authoritative parenting moderated the relationship between bullying perpetration and severe forms of violent behaviors and bullying victimization and severe forms of violent behaviors. Low authoritative parenting was related to higher levels of severe forms of violent behaviors among adolescents reporting higher bullying, while low authoritative parenting was related to lower levels of severe forms of violent behaviors among adolescents reporting lower bullying. In addition, for victims, authoritative parenting was associated with a reduction in severe forms of violent behaviors at both low and high levels of victimization. Results suggest that an authoritative parenting style should be considered in prevention and intervention to avoid the escalation of severe forms of violent behaviors among African-American youth in Chicago.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 480-488"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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