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THIRD HEAD OF BICEPS BRACHII MUSCLE AND ITS CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: A CASE STUDY 肱二头肌第三头及其临床重要性:病例研究
Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.46607/iamj4111112023
Anita Bochalya, Vikash Bhatnagar, Lahange Sandeep Madhukar, Shailza Bhatnagar, Tamanna Gumber, Anjali Sharma, Bhumika Rudani
The Biceps brachii muscle belongs to the flexor group of muscles in the arm. As Biceps brachii is double headed muscle. It is one of the known variable muscles of the human body in terms of number and morphology. The third head of the biceps brachii muscle was identified bilaterally in an 84-year-old male cadaver during routine human cadaveric dissection for the purpose of education and learning of medical undergraduates in Department of Rachana Sharir, National Institute of Ayurveda, deemed to be university, Jaipur. Normally the Biceps brachii muscle has two heads i.e. Long and short head. In present cadaveric study third head of bicep brachii muscle has been identified while doing routine dissection for undergraduate scholars. The fleshy proximal attachment on lower 1/3 of anterior surface of shaft of humerus has been identified. It has been origin ate along with the superior part of the Brachialis and inserted into the bicipital aponeurosis, and deep to the long and short heads of the Biceps. This third head is supplied by a branch of the musculocutaneous nerve. The third head of biceps brachii may be an incidental finding at autopsy or during routine anatomical dissections. Unless symptomatic, the third head of biceps brachii may not be detected in clinical studies. Variant of biceps brachii may confuse a surgeon who performs procedures on the arm and may lead to iatrogenic injuries. The surgeons and traumatologists have to keep such muscular variations in mind. So, the knowledge of the existence of its variation is important for anesthetists and surgeons.
肱二头肌属于手臂屈肌群。肱二头肌是双头肌。就数量和形态而言,它是已知的人体可变肌肉之一。斋浦尔国立阿育吠陀学院(被视为大学)拉查纳-沙里尔系在对一具 84 岁男性尸体进行常规人体解剖时,发现了肱二头肌第三头的双侧。 肱二头肌通常有两个头,即长头和短头。在本尸体研究中,在对本科生进行常规解剖时发现了肱二头肌的第三个头。肉质近端附着在肱骨轴前表面的下 1/3 处。它与肱肌的上部一起起源,插入肱二头肌肌腱,深达肱二头肌的长头和短头。这第三个头由肌皮神经的分支提供。肱二头肌第三头可能是尸检或常规解剖时偶然发现的。除非有症状,否则在临床研究中可能不会发现肱二头肌第三头。肱二头肌变异可能会让在手臂上进行手术的外科医生感到困惑,并可能导致先天性损伤。外科医生和创伤学家必须牢记这种肌肉变异。因此,了解肱二头肌变异的存在对麻醉师和外科医生来说非常重要。
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引用次数: 0
A COMPARATIVE CLINICAL STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFICACY OF JEERAKAWLEHA AND YASTIMADHU CHOORNA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ASRUGDARA 评估 Jeerakawleha 和 Yastimadhu Choorna 对治疗 Asrugdara 疗效的临床对比研究
Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.46607/iamj0911112023
D. Sawale, Veena . G. Jawale
Women is endowed with energy of procreation for which menarche is the first step. Menstrual cycle commences with this and ends with menopause and having normal menstruation depicts the wellbeing of female. In normal menstruation the duration of menstruation is about 4-5 days, and the amount of blood loss is estimated to be 20- 80ml with an average 35 ml. Due to pradirana(excessive excretion) of raja (menstrual blood), it is named as pradara/asrugdara. Asrugdara characterized by excessive prolonged menstrual or intermenstrual bleeding due to Pradirana (excessive excretion) of raja (Menstrual blood), it is named as Pradara and or Asrugdara. As heavy menstrual bleeding is a debilitating disorder, the woman requires rapid, safe and effective treatment. In ayurvedic classicc a variety of treatments in the management of asrugdarahas been described. Out of them, the subject is selected to compare efficacy of Jeerakavaleha mentioned by Yogratnakara, with effect of Yastimadhu choornamentioned by Bhavaprakasha which is already proved in the previous study. Jeerakavaleha has Gerbhashyashodhaka, stambhaka, raktapittahara property.
女性被赋予了生育的能量,而月经初潮是生育的第一步。月经周期从初潮开始到绝经结束,月经正常说明女性身体健康。正常月经的持续时间约为 4-5 天,失血量约为 20-80 毫升,平均为 35 毫升。由于经血排泄过多,因此被称为经血过多症(pradara/asrugdara)。Asrugdara 的特征是由于经血排泄过多而导致经期或经间出血时间过长,因此被称为 Pradara 和 Asrugdara。由于大量月经出血是一种使人衰弱的疾病,妇女需要快速、安全和有效的治疗。在阿育吠陀经典c 中,描述了多种治疗 Asrugdarah 的方法。在这些治疗方法中,我们选择了 Yogratnakara 提到的 Jeerakavaleha 和 Bhavaprakasha 提到的 Yastimadhu choornam 的疗效进行比较。Jeerakavaleha 具有 Gerbhashyashodhaka、stambhaka 和 raktapittahara 特性。
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引用次数: 0
ANCIENT GRAINS, MODERN MARVELS: EMBRACING MILLETS IN AYURVE-DIC HEALING FOR OPTIMAL HEALTH 古老的谷物,现代的奇迹:在阿育吠陀医学中拥抱黍米,获得最佳健康
Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.46607/iamj1711112023
Rishabh Rathore, Lalita Dahiya, Shalini Varshney
Nutrition is a crucial aspect of health and development. Healthy eating is related to improved immune systems, safer pregnancies, and births, a reduced chance of diseases that are not transmissible (such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease), as well as improved longevity. Nonetheless, today's way of life and food choices lead to poor health and nutritional issues such as obesity and diabetes. Millets, which have no impact on weight and have an abundance of nutrients, can be employed in such cases. Millets are a group of small-seeded grasses widely farmed as cereal grains for human and animal use worldwide. Most millets belong to the Poaceae or Gramineae family, which is a grass family. Millet is high in protein, fibre, phosphorus, magnesium, copper, potassium, and manganese, thus serving as a nutrient powerhouse. This article discusses millet and its significance in our daily lives. Some millet preparations are additionally clarified so that they might be included in our daily lives.
营养是健康和发展的一个重要方面。健康的饮食与免疫系统的改善、更安全的妊娠和分娩、非传染性疾病(如糖尿病和心血管疾病)发生几率的降低以及寿命的延长有关。然而,当今的生活方式和食物选择却导致了肥胖和糖尿病等健康和营养问题。在这种情况下,可以食用对体重没有影响且营养丰富的小米。黍是一类小种子禾本科植物,在世界各地作为谷物广泛种植,供人类和动物食用。大多数黍属于禾本科(Poaceae)或禾本科(Gramineae)。小米富含蛋白质、纤维、磷、镁、铜、钾和锰,因此是营养丰富的食物。本文将讨论小米及其在日常生活中的意义。此外,还介绍了一些小米制剂,以便将其纳入我们的日常生活。
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引用次数: 0
APPLIED ASPECT OF SATVAVAJAYA CHIKITSA Satvavajaya chikitsa 的应用方面
Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.46607/iamj2011112023
Rita Singh, C. B. Singjh, Yogesh Kumar, Ajay Kumar, Shailendra Singh
The human being is a tripod having three pillars, Satva (mind), Atma (soul) and Sharira (body). Here, Satva is a connecting link between Atma and Sharira, which is otherwise called Manas. It has an immense influence on the health and ill health of the individual. ‘Prasanna’ Manah is a sign of a healthy life. In Ayurvedic contexts, Chikitsa is classified into two parts based on resources (Vyapashraya Bheden): 1. Daivvyapashray Chikitsa 2. Yuktivyapashray Chikitsa. Daivvyapashray Chikitsa refers to Mantra, Ausadhi, Mani, Mangala, Bali, Upahara, Home, Niyam, Prayashchita, Upvasa, Swastyayanapatha, Pranipata, Gamana etc. Yuktivyapashrya Chikitsa refers to Samsodhana (Vamanadi) and Upshamana (Pachanadi). In another context, Acharya Charak and Acharya Vagbhat explained Trividham Ausdham as; 1. Daivvyapashray Chikitsa, 2. Yuktivyapashrya Chikitsa 3. Satvavajaya Chikitsa. Their Satvavajaya Chikitsa further explained, "Aiming to control the mind or is a method of restraining the mind from unwholesome objects.” Satvavajaya Chikitsa is that typical Ayurvedic approach that prevents the impaired Dhi, Dhriti and Smriti and brings them back to a normal state. Hence, it plays a significant role in maintaining a harmonious state between these three factors, ultimately leading to a happy and healthy state of the individual.
人是一个三脚架,有三根支柱,即 Satva(思想)、Atma(灵魂)和 Sharira(身体)。其中,Satva 是 Atma 和 Sharira 之间的连接纽带,又称 Manas。它对个人的健康与否有着巨大的影响。Prasanna "Manah 是健康生活的标志。 在阿育吠陀学中,Chikitsa 根据资源分为两部分(Vyapashraya Bheden):1.Daivvyapashray Chikitsa 2.Yuktivyapashray Chikitsa。Daivvyapashray Chikitsa 指的是咒语、Ausadhi、Mani、Mangala、Bali、Upahara、Home、Niyam、Prayashchita、Upvasa、Swastyayanapatha、Pranipata、Gamana 等。Yuktivyapashrya Chikitsa 指的是 Samsodhana(Vamanadi)和 Upshamana(Pachanadi)。在另一种情况下,阿查里亚-查拉克(Acharya Charak)和阿查里亚-瓦格巴特(Acharya Vagbhat)将 Trividham Ausdham 解释为:1.Daivvyapashray Chikitsa,2.Yuktivyapashrya Chikitsa,3.Satvavajaya Chikitsa。他们的 Satvavajaya Chikitsa 进一步解释道:"旨在控制心灵,或者是一种克制心灵远离不健康对象的方法"。Satvavajaya Chikitsa 是一种典型的阿育吠陀疗法,可以防止受损的 Dhi、Dhriti 和 Smriti,并使其恢复到正常状态。因此,它在保持这三个因素之间的和谐状态方面发挥着重要作用,最终导致个人的快乐和健康状态。
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引用次数: 0
AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE MANASIKA BHAVA W.S.R. TO GURUVYADHITA AND LAGHUVYADHITA – A REVIEW ARTICLE 一项观察性研究,以评估与 Guruvyadhita 和 Laghuvyadhita 有关的 manasika bhava - 一篇评论文章
Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.46607/iamj1511112023
R. Santhoshini, Vijayendra G. Bhat, S. Kamath T
Understanding Mental Health plays a major role in a clinical setup which enables a clinician in arriving at proper diagnosis, planning suitable treatment, assessing the mental status of the patient during the treatment to decide the rate of recovery and analyze the true prognosis of the condition. The capacity to withstand adversity in life is different for each individual based on the kind of Sattva developed during pregnancy or nurtured during the lifetime. Sattva can be most accurately measured when an individual experiences a threat to life, as based on the Sattva Bala the road to recovery or perish gets decided. Therefore, to enhance the overall success rate of any intervention, an initial understanding of these individuals through Manasika Bhava assessment is essential. People categorised as Guruvyadhita showed more positive Manasika Bhava when compared to people categorised as Laghuvyadhita. Similarly, people categorised as Laghuvyadhita showed more of negative Manasika Bhava than the people categorised as Guruvyadhita. Better Sattva Guna is indicative of exhibiting better coping skills. A vital part of diagnosis, treatment, and understanding the prognosis of the patient is played by Sattva assessment and must be carried out as a routine protocol in a clinical set up.
了解心理健康在临床工作中发挥着重要作用,它使临床医生能够做出正确的诊断,制定合适的治疗计划,在治疗过程中评估患者的心理状态,以决定康复率和分析病情的真正预后。每个人在生活中抵御逆境的能力都不尽相同,这取决于在怀孕期间或一生中培养的 "有情 "类型。当一个人的生命受到威胁时,"有情 "就能得到最准确的衡量,因为 "有情 "决定了是康复还是毁灭。因此,为了提高任何干预措施的整体成功率,必须通过 Manasika Bhava 评估对这些人进行初步了解。与 Laghuvyadhita 患者相比,Guruvyadhita 患者的 Manasika Bhava 表现更为积极。同样,被归类为 Laghuvyadhita 的人比被归类为 Guruvyadhita 的人表现出更多负面的 Manasika Bhava。更好的 Sattva Guna 表明了更好的应对技能。Sattva 评估是诊断、治疗和了解患者预后的重要部分,必须作为临床常规程序进行。
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引用次数: 0
A CRITICAL REVIEW OF BUDDHI, SMRITI, MEDHA, MANAS AND INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT (IQ) 对菩提(Buddhi)、智慧(Smriti)、弥陀(Medha)、摩那(Manas)和智商(IQ)的批判性评述
Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.46607/iamj3611112023
Kannan Sagar, Shailaja U
Balyavastha (childhood) is a very valuable time in every individual’s life. Today’s children are tomorrow’s citizens. Knowledge or skills learned and experienced in younger period of their life which is considered as a key period for their growth, development and intelligence definitely will have an impact as a deciding factor in determining the success in their future life. In this highly competitive world, people live a very fast life, and every second is important and those who have good skills, psyche, intelligence perform faster or better than others. Every parent wants their child to be the best. Many a times scores like IQ categorize the children and decide their future. Many succeed, at least few lags behind especially those affected with Poor scholastic performance, Low IQ. A better understanding of the key Ayurveda concepts like Buddhi, Smriti, Medha, Manas and even Intelligence in modern perspective is found to be very much vital for excelling in every manner with good quality life. Medha is an entity of Buddhi and Buddhi manifests with a combination of Atma (soul) and Manas (mind). Buddhi is a specific phenomenon that motivates an individual to perform or work in a specific manner and after proper analysing, they reach conclusive knowledge. Smriti is a specific ability to recollect past knowledge or experiences. Medha is a type of intellect which has the power of retention of knowledge. Manas has a very essential role in our daily life. Intelligence is the maturity of motor, language, personal, social, and adaptive behavior. This paper highlights these basic concepts and how each one of them is connected to one another.
童年(Balyavastha)是每个人一生中非常宝贵的时光。今天的孩子就是明天的公民。幼年时期是孩子成长、发展和智力发育的关键时期,在这一时期学到的知识和技能对他们未来的成功具有决定性的影响。在这个竞争激烈的世界里,人们的生活节奏非常快,每一秒都很重要,那些拥有良好技能、心理和智力的人比其他人表现得更快或更好。每个父母都希望自己的孩子是最棒的。很多时候,智商等分数会对孩子进行分类,并决定他们的未来。许多人成功了,但至少有少数人落后了,尤其是那些学习成绩差、智商低的孩子。从现代的角度来看,更好地理解阿育吠陀的关键概念,如 "Buddhi"、"Smriti"、"Medha"、"Manas",甚至是 "Intelligence",对于以各种方式过上优质生活至关重要。Medha是Buddhi的一个实体,而Buddhi则表现为Atma(灵魂)和Manas(思想)的结合。佛性是一种特定的现象,它促使一个人以特定的方式执行或工作,经过适当的分析,他们会得出结论性的知识。Smriti 是一种回忆过去知识或经验的特殊能力。Medha是一种智力,具有保留知识的能力。马纳斯在我们的日常生活中扮演着非常重要的角色。智力是运动、语言、个人、社会和适应行为的成熟度。本文重点介绍了这些基本概念以及它们之间的联系。
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引用次数: 0
AN AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF MUTRAKRICHRA: A SINGLE CASE STUDY 印度吠陀疗法对穆特拉克里赫拉的治疗:单个病例研究
Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.46607/iamj4311112023
Rohan Lokhande, Prakash Mane, Vinayak Joshi, Sachin Rohani
Urinary Tract Infection is the most common infection managed in general medical practice and accounts for 1-3% of consultations. Mutra (Urine) is one among the Trimala (Three waste products) and it plays a major role in Kledavahana (Transportation of sweat). Mutravega is one of the Adharaniya Vegas. Basti, which is the Srotomula (root of srotas) of the Mutra is one among the Trimarma. All these factors show the importance of the Mutra and its related structures. Mutrakrichra (UTI) is a disease which is well explained by all the Acharyas. The word Mutrakrichra comprises two words, Mutra and Kruchra, which means Kruchra Pravrutti of Mutravahana (difficulty in micturition). Mutrakrichra can be an independent complaint as well as associated symptom in other disease. In contemporary science, the disease with similar signs and symptoms is Lower urinary tract infection. In this case Report a 28-year-old female patient diagnosed with Mutrakrichra (UTI) and treated successfully with ayurvedic Management.
尿路感染是全科医疗中最常见的感染,占就诊人数的 1-3%。Mutra(尿液)是 Trimala(三大废物)之一,在 Kledavahana(汗液运输)中发挥着重要作用。Mutravega 是 Adharaniya Vegas 的一种。Basti 是 Mutra 的 Srotomula(srotas 的根),也是 Trimarma 中的一种。所有这些因素都表明了 Mutra 及其相关结构的重要性。Mutrakrichra(UTI)是一种所有阿查里亚都解释得很清楚的疾病。Mutrakrichra 由 Mutra 和 Kruchra 两个词组成,意思是 Mutravahana(排尿困难)的 Kruchra Pravrutti。Mutrakrichra 既可以是一种独立的主诉,也可以是其他疾病的相关症状。在当代科学中,具有类似症状和体征的疾病是下尿路感染。在本病例中,一名 28 岁的女性患者被诊断出患有 Mutrakrichra(UTI),并通过阿育吠陀疗法得到了成功治疗。
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引用次数: 0
HEALTHY MENSTRUATION – BASE TO REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 健康的月经--生殖健康的基础
Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.46607/iamj2111112023
Kripa Thomas, Madhushree H.S, Ganesh Puttur
India is one of the developing countries and is highly influenced by the Western lifestyle, which has greatly affected the reproductive health of both male and female. Ayurveda considered as “Ayushaha Punyatamo Veda” describes 3 supporting pillars for healthy living known as the “Trayopastambha”. The 3 pillars include Ahara (Dietary regimens), Nidra (Sleep) and Brahmacharya- Jnanayukta Acharana (the righteous deeds). The intention of writing this article is to throw a light on the fact that the menstrual health is the key to prevent the major reproductive disorders including infertility. A survey study was conducted to establish the relationship between Trayopastambha (3 pillars of healthy living) and menstrual health. The data was found to prove that the impaired lifestyle impacts menstrual health. Hence, the role of customized lifestyle which a female can adopt in preventing various female reproductive system disorders are discussed in the article.
印度是发展中国家之一,受西方生活方式的影响很大,这极大地影响了男性和女性的生殖健康。阿育吠陀被认为是 "Ayushaha Punyatamo Veda",它描述了健康生活的三大支柱,即 "Trayopastambha"。这 3 个支柱包括 Ahara(饮食疗法)、Nidra(睡眠)和 Brahmacharya- Jnanayukta Acharana(义行)。撰写这篇文章的目的在于揭示一个事实,即月经健康是预防包括不孕症在内的主要生殖疾病的关键。我们进行了一项调查研究,以确定 Trayopastambha(健康生活的三大支柱)与月经健康之间的关系。调查数据证明,生活方式不当会影响月经健康。因此,文章讨论了女性可采取的定制生活方式在预防各种女性生殖系统疾病中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
A DETAILED STUDY ON ARTAVA VAHA SROTAS W.S.R. TO ARTAVA DUSHTI AND ITS MODERN CORRELATION 关于阿尔塔瓦-瓦哈-斯罗塔斯(从阿尔塔瓦-杜什提到阿尔塔瓦-斯罗塔斯)及其现代相关性的详细研究
Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.46607/iamj3211112023
Shubhangi Pandey, Namrata Tiwari, Dilip Singh
Maharishi Sushruta in Sharir sthan (Dhamani Vyakaran adhyay) described eleven types of srotas among which Artava Vaha Srotas is one. Artava Vaha Srotas are two; their mulas are Garbhashaya (uterus) and Artava Vahi Dhamani (artery carrying menstrual blood and other accessory materials). Injury to these leads to sterility, intolerance of copulation and loss of menstrual flow (amenorrhoea). According to Ayurvedic texts, Artava is also known as Pushpa, and Pushpa is of two types -first, the blood which is discharged from the vaginal tract every month, and second is the ovum which is released every month from the ovary and is called Antah Pushpa. According to Ayurveda, there are eight types of artava dushti vitiated by three Doshas (Vata, Pitta, Kapha), by Rakta Dosha (Kudapgandhi) separately, by their combination in two (Granthibhut Putipuya Artava- Kshin Artava) or all together (Mutrapurishgandhi). I have selected this topic to establish a correlative bridge between Ayurveda and Modern Medical Science in Artava vaha srotas and Artava dushti.
Maharishi Sushruta 在《Sharir sthan》(Dhamani Vyakaran adhyay)中描述了 11 种 Srotas,其中 Artava Vaha Srotas 是一种。Artava Vaha Srotas 有两种;它们的母体是 Garbhashaya(子宫)和 Artava Vahi Dhamani(输送经血和其他附属物质的动脉)。这些部位受伤会导致不育、不耐交媾和月经量减少(闭经)。根据阿育吠陀经文,Artava 也称为 Pushpa,Pushpa 有两种类型--第一种是每月从阴道排出的血液,第二种是每月从卵巢排出的卵子,称为 Antah Pushpa。根据阿育吠陀的说法,有八种由三种 Doshas(Vata、Pitta、Kapha)、Rakta Dosha(Kudapgandhi)分别或由它们组合成两种(Granthibhut Putipuya Artava- Kshin Artava)或混合在一起(Mutrapurishgandhi)而产生的 artava dushti。我选择这个主题是为了在阿育吠陀和现代医学之间架起一座关联的桥梁,即阿塔瓦-瓦哈-索罗塔斯(Artava vaha srotas)和阿塔瓦-杜什提(Artava dushti)。
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引用次数: 0
VARSHA RITUCHARYA- A GUIDE FOR GOOD HEALTH DURING MONSOONS FOR CHILDREN. VARSHA RITUCHARYA--儿童季风期健康指南。
Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.46607/iamj2211112023
Azizahmed I Arbar, Puja CN Pathak, Kavita Sangle
Ritu, the season, changes with time and potentially influences the earth’s biological systems and human health differently. Ayurveda has classified these seasons as per their effects, and to habituate to the seasonal variations, specific rules and regimens have been mentioned by the Acharyas. These changes in diet and practices help the body transition easily from one season to another. As the pediatric age group with comparatively less immunity is more susceptible to the changes in the season, to prevent this age group from falling prey to seasonal diseases, it is important to practice Ritucharya. India is a tropical country. Monsoons here are responsible for many health conditions among the pediatric age group, and various scientific studies are the basis for this. In this review article, the regimens in diet and lifestyle, as mentioned in Varsha Ritu, and its importance in preventing health conditions during the rainy season in the pediatric age group have been discussed.
Ritu,季节,随着时间的变化而变化,并可能对地球的生物系统和人类健康产生不同的影响。阿育吠陀根据这些季节的影响对其进行了分类,为了适应季节的变化,阿查里阿斯提到了具体的规则和养生方法。这些饮食和生活习惯的变化有助于身体从一个季节轻松过渡到另一个季节。由于小儿年龄组的免疫力相对较低,更容易受到季节变化的影响,因此,为了防止这个年龄组的人患上季节性疾病,练习 Ritucharya 非常重要。印度是一个热带国家。这里的季风是造成儿科年龄组中许多健康问题的原因,而各种科学研究正是其依据。在这篇综述文章中,讨论了《Varsha Ritu》中提到的饮食和生活方式疗法,以及它对预防雨季儿科疾病的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
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International Ayurvedic Medical Journal
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