Pub Date : 2024-03-28DOI: 10.18502/ssu.v32i1.15229
Roohollah Edalatkhah, Majid Aflatoonian
Introduction: Foreign body ingestion is a relatively common and sometimes life-threatening problem. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the types of foreign body and endoscopic findings in children under 14 years old in Yazd Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd City. Methods: This descriptive-cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 children under 14 years of age who referred to the Pediatric Emergency Department of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital with foreign body ingestion in 2018. Demographic information, clinical symptoms, type of foreign body, time interval between ingestion and referral, time interval between the time of referral to endoscopy and findings during endoscopy were collected and analyzed with SPSS version 16. Results: The average age of the children was 37.14 ± 39.10 months. Out of the 50 children investigated, 33 (66%) were boys and 17 (34%) were girls. The most common clinical symptom was asymptomatic with a frequency of 42%, the most common foreign body was coin (24%), the most common age range was 1-5 years (48%), the most common lesion in endoscopy was the absence of a lesion (56%) and The most common location of the object in endoscopy was stomach (50%) . No statistically significant difference was found between the frequency distribution of endoscopic findings (type of lesion and location of lesion) according to the variables: age, sex and type of foreign body in the investigated children (p>0.05). Conclusion: The probability of foreign body ingestion is higher in boys and the children aged 1-5 years, so more attention should be paid to these children. Most cases of ingestion of foreign bodies are asymptomatic, but due to serious complications, diagnostic measures should not be postponed.
{"title":"Epidemiological Investigation and Endoscopic Findings in Children Under 14 Years of Age with Foreign Body Ingestion Referred to Yazd Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd City","authors":"Roohollah Edalatkhah, Majid Aflatoonian","doi":"10.18502/ssu.v32i1.15229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ssu.v32i1.15229","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Foreign body ingestion is a relatively common and sometimes life-threatening problem. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the types of foreign body and endoscopic findings in children under 14 years old in Yazd Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd City. \u0000Methods: This descriptive-cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 children under 14 years of age who referred to the Pediatric Emergency Department of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital with foreign body ingestion in 2018. Demographic information, clinical symptoms, type of foreign body, time interval between ingestion and referral, time interval between the time of referral to endoscopy and findings during endoscopy were collected and analyzed with SPSS version 16. \u0000Results: The average age of the children was 37.14 ± 39.10 months. Out of the 50 children investigated, 33 (66%) were boys and 17 (34%) were girls. The most common clinical symptom was asymptomatic with a frequency of 42%, the most common foreign body was coin (24%), the most common age range was 1-5 years (48%), the most common lesion in endoscopy was the absence of a lesion (56%) and The most common location of the object in endoscopy was stomach (50%) . No statistically significant difference was found between the frequency distribution of endoscopic findings (type of lesion and location of lesion) according to the variables: age, sex and type of foreign body in the investigated children (p>0.05). \u0000Conclusion: The probability of foreign body ingestion is higher in boys and the children aged 1-5 years, so more attention should be paid to these children. Most cases of ingestion of foreign bodies are asymptomatic, but due to serious complications, diagnostic measures should not be postponed.","PeriodicalId":17084,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences","volume":"118 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140370189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-28DOI: 10.18502/ssu.v32i1.15231
Reza Hosseinzadeh, Mahnaz Mohammadi, Saba Taheri
Introduction: West Nile virus is an infection transmitted through blood-sucking arthropods. Ocular manifestations are one of the characteristics of West Nile virus infection. They occur mostly in connection with severe neurological disease. In this study، using bioinformatics analysis، we investigated and identified the genes in the pathways related to West Nile virus infection in the retina. Methods: In this study, using bioinformatics methods and referring to the GEO dataset, the appropriate dataset was selected for analysis. This dataset included gene expression profiles in West Nile virus infection with retinal pigment cells. Gene clusters with high and low expression were categorized. For more accurate data evaluation, databases such as Enrichr، STRING and Network analyst were used. The candidate genes were isolated and their protein relationship was also measured using cytoescape software version 3.7.1. The obtained values with P-Value˂0.05 were selected as significant data. Results: The number of 830 genes with high expression and 500 genes with low expression was involved in the development pathways of West Nile virus infection in the eye. Apoptosis، necroptosis، AMPK and MAPK autophagy pathways were clearly observed. After evaluating the relationship between protein networks، RIPK1، STAT1/3 and JAK2 increased expression and GSK3B، MAPK8 and TSC2 genes had decreased expression. Conclusion: The present study showed that important proteins and genes played a major role in strengthening West Nile virus inflammation in the retina, among which RIPK1,TSC2, STAT1 and JAK2 showed a more prominent role in this pathway.
{"title":"Investigating the important proteins in causing West Nile virus infection in retinal pigment cells","authors":"Reza Hosseinzadeh, Mahnaz Mohammadi, Saba Taheri","doi":"10.18502/ssu.v32i1.15231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ssu.v32i1.15231","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: West Nile virus is an infection transmitted through blood-sucking arthropods. Ocular manifestations are one of the characteristics of West Nile virus infection. They occur mostly in connection with severe neurological disease. In this study، using bioinformatics analysis، we investigated and identified the genes in the pathways related to West Nile virus infection in the retina. \u0000Methods: In this study, using bioinformatics methods and referring to the GEO dataset, the appropriate dataset was selected for analysis. This dataset included gene expression profiles in West Nile virus infection with retinal pigment cells. Gene clusters with high and low expression were categorized. For more accurate data evaluation, databases such as Enrichr، STRING and Network analyst were used. The candidate genes were isolated and their protein relationship was also measured using cytoescape software version 3.7.1. The obtained values with P-Value˂0.05 were selected as significant data. \u0000Results: The number of 830 genes with high expression and 500 genes with low expression was involved in the development pathways of West Nile virus infection in the eye. Apoptosis، necroptosis، AMPK and MAPK autophagy pathways were clearly observed. After evaluating the relationship between protein networks، RIPK1، STAT1/3 and JAK2 increased expression and GSK3B، MAPK8 and TSC2 genes had decreased expression. \u0000Conclusion: The present study showed that important proteins and genes played a major role in strengthening West Nile virus inflammation in the retina, among which RIPK1,TSC2, STAT1 and JAK2 showed a more prominent role in this pathway.","PeriodicalId":17084,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences","volume":"98 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140371160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Saliva has a key role in protecting the oral environment and functions such as chewing, swallowing, lack of saliva can cause many problems and suffering for patients and affect people's quality of life. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the level of awareness of dentists in Yazd City regarding the causes and symptoms and how to treat dry mouth in 2022-2023. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 125 dentists of Yazd City were selected by convenience sampling method. A valid and reliable questionnaire was designed. The data were analyzed using t-test and ANOVA statistical tests and SPSS V.16. Results: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 125 dentists in Yazd City; they were selected by convenience sampling method, 65 of them were male (51.2%) and 60 were female (48.8%). The average of age, work experience and knowledge score of the examined dentists were 33.46±7.27, 6.79±6.57 and 15.24±2.90, respectively. There was no statistically significant relationship between knowledge score and gender and work experience and participate in retraining with P = 0.323, P = 0.120 and P = 0.167, respectively. But there was a statistically significant relationship between the knowledge score and age and university of study with P = 0.030 and P = 0.034. People with older age and educated in type 1 university had more knowledge about dry mouth. Conclusion: The results showed that the dentists of Yazd City had average knowledge about the causes, symptoms and how to treat xerostomia. And it is necessary to cooperate in holding refresher courses in this field.
引言唾液在保护口腔环境和咀嚼、吞咽等功能方面起着关键作用，唾液缺乏会给患者带来许多问题和痛苦，并影响人们的生活质量。因此，本研究旨在调查亚兹德市牙医对 2022-2023 年口腔干燥的原因、症状和治疗方法的认识水平。研究方法在这项横断面描述性研究中，采用方便抽样法选取了亚兹德市的 125 名牙医。设计了有效可靠的调查问卷。采用 t 检验和方差分析统计检验法以及 SPSS V.16 对数据进行分析。结果这项横断面研究的对象是亚兹德市的 125 名牙医；他们是通过方便抽样法选出的，其中 65 人为男性（51.2%），60 人为女性（48.8%）。受试牙医的平均年龄、工作经验和知识得分分别为（33.46±7.27）分、（6.79±6.57）分和（15.24±2.90）分。知识得分与性别、工作经验和参加再培训之间没有统计学意义，分别为 P = 0.323、P = 0.120 和 P = 0.167。但知识得分与年龄和就读大学之间有统计学意义，P = 0.030 和 P = 0.034。年龄越大、就读于一类大学的人对口干的了解越多。结论结果表明，亚兹德市的牙医对口腔干燥症的原因、症状和治疗方法的了解程度一般。有必要合作举办该领域的进修课程。
{"title":"Evaluating of Knowledge of Dentists in Relation to Causes, Symptoms and Treatment of Xerostomia in Yazd City in 2022-2023","authors":"Yasaman Sabaghzadegan, Zahra Roustaeizade Shooroki, Fatemeh Nadi","doi":"10.18502/ssu.v32i1.15232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ssu.v32i1.15232","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Saliva has a key role in protecting the oral environment and functions such as chewing, swallowing, lack of saliva can cause many problems and suffering for patients and affect people's quality of life. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the level of awareness of dentists in Yazd City regarding the causes and symptoms and how to treat dry mouth in 2022-2023. \u0000Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 125 dentists of Yazd City were selected by convenience sampling method. A valid and reliable questionnaire was designed. The data were analyzed using t-test and ANOVA statistical tests and SPSS V.16. \u0000Results: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 125 dentists in Yazd City; they were selected by convenience sampling method, 65 of them were male (51.2%) and 60 were female (48.8%). The average of age, work experience and knowledge score of the examined dentists were 33.46±7.27, 6.79±6.57 and 15.24±2.90, respectively. There was no statistically significant relationship between knowledge score and gender and work experience and participate in retraining with P = 0.323, P = 0.120 and P = 0.167, respectively. But there was a statistically significant relationship between the knowledge score and age and university of study with P = 0.030 and P = 0.034. People with older age and educated in type 1 university had more knowledge about dry mouth. \u0000Conclusion: The results showed that the dentists of Yazd City had average knowledge about the causes, symptoms and how to treat xerostomia. And it is necessary to cooperate in holding refresher courses in this field.","PeriodicalId":17084,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences","volume":"97 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140371174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-28DOI: 10.18502/ssu.v32i1.15225
M. Royaei, M. Tahoori
Introduction: Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), also known as synovial fibroblasts or type B synoviocytes, are the primary cells responsible for the structure of the synovial lining. They are crucial for the formation of a healthy, organized synovial lining. In rheumatic synovium affected by inflammation, the typical three-layered synovial lining transforms into a pannus-like structure. Various pro-inflammatory conditions in the joints of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, characterized by elevated levels of cytokines, growth factors, and infiltration of inflammatory cells, strongly activate FLS cells. Moreover, environmental conditions in the joints of RA patients, such as high pressure and hypoxia, induce changes that further contribute to FLS activation and the development of aggressive characteristics. These changes include increased proliferation, reduced apoptosis, and enhanced cell migration, collectively referred to as a tumor-like phenotype. Additionally, FLS cells release inflammatory cytokines, amplifying inflammation and attracting immune cells to the joint. They also play a role in degrading the extracellular matrix and causing cartilage and bone damage through the production of enzymes like matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), collagenase, aggrecans, and cathepsins. Recent therapeutic approaches have been directed at targeting the signaling pathways that activate FLS cells and inhibiting factors and cytokines produced by these cells to alleviate inflammatory symptoms and reduce joint damage. It is anticipated that these treatment strategies will complement existing therapies in the near future. Conclusion: FLS cells are the main components of maintaining the health and nutrition of joints. These cells produce various cytokines, chemokines, angiogenic factors, as well as factors that contribute to the breakdown of matrix and cartilage. The main drivers of significant changes in inflamed joints are proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. Treatment strategies have been developed to target the signaling pathways that activate these cells, with a focus on improving inflammatory symptoms. It is expected that these treatment strategies will be incorporated into existing therapies in the near future.
简介成纤维细胞样滑膜细胞（FLS）又称滑膜成纤维细胞或 B 型滑膜细胞，是负责滑膜内层结构的主要细胞。它们对于形成健康、有序的滑膜衬里至关重要。在受炎症影响的风湿性滑膜中，典型的三层滑膜会转变为类似于脓疱的结构。类风湿性关节炎（RA）患者关节中的各种促炎症情况，如细胞因子、生长因子水平升高和炎症细胞浸润，都会强烈激活 FLS 细胞。此外，类风湿性关节炎（RA）患者关节内的环境条件，如高压和缺氧，诱发的变化进一步促进了 FLS 的活化和侵袭性特征的形成。这些变化包括增殖增加、凋亡减少和细胞迁移增强，统称为肿瘤样表型。此外，FLS 细胞还会释放炎性细胞因子，加剧炎症反应并吸引免疫细胞进入关节。它们还通过产生基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）、胶原酶、凝集素（aggrecans）和凝血酶等酶，降解细胞外基质，造成软骨和骨骼损伤。最近的治疗方法主要针对激活 FLS 细胞的信号通路，抑制这些细胞产生的因子和细胞因子，以减轻炎症症状，减少关节损伤。预计在不久的将来，这些治疗策略将成为现有疗法的补充。结论FLS细胞是维持关节健康和营养的主要成分。这些细胞会产生各种细胞因子、趋化因子、血管生成因子以及导致基质和软骨分解的因子。炎症关节发生重大变化的主要驱动因素是增殖和抗凋亡。目前已开发出针对激活这些细胞的信号通路的治疗策略，重点是改善炎症症状。预计在不久的将来，这些治疗策略将被纳入现有疗法中。
{"title":"Immunological Roles of Fibroblast-Like Synoviocyte Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis","authors":"M. Royaei, M. Tahoori","doi":"10.18502/ssu.v32i1.15225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ssu.v32i1.15225","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), also known as synovial fibroblasts or type B synoviocytes, are the primary cells responsible for the structure of the synovial lining. They are crucial for the formation of a healthy, organized synovial lining. In rheumatic synovium affected by inflammation, the typical three-layered synovial lining transforms into a pannus-like structure. Various pro-inflammatory conditions in the joints of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, characterized by elevated levels of cytokines, growth factors, and infiltration of inflammatory cells, strongly activate FLS cells. Moreover, environmental conditions in the joints of RA patients, such as high pressure and hypoxia, induce changes that further contribute to FLS activation and the development of aggressive characteristics. These changes include increased proliferation, reduced apoptosis, and enhanced cell migration, collectively referred to as a tumor-like phenotype. Additionally, FLS cells release inflammatory cytokines, amplifying inflammation and attracting immune cells to the joint. They also play a role in degrading the extracellular matrix and causing cartilage and bone damage through the production of enzymes like matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), collagenase, aggrecans, and cathepsins. Recent therapeutic approaches have been directed at targeting the signaling pathways that activate FLS cells and inhibiting factors and cytokines produced by these cells to alleviate inflammatory symptoms and reduce joint damage. It is anticipated that these treatment strategies will complement existing therapies in the near future. \u0000Conclusion: FLS cells are the main components of maintaining the health and nutrition of joints. These cells produce various cytokines, chemokines, angiogenic factors, as well as factors that contribute to the breakdown of matrix and cartilage. The main drivers of significant changes in inflamed joints are proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. Treatment strategies have been developed to target the signaling pathways that activate these cells, with a focus on improving inflammatory symptoms. It is expected that these treatment strategies will be incorporated into existing therapies in the near future.","PeriodicalId":17084,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences","volume":"142 33","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140369194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-24DOI: 10.18502/ssu.v31i12.14980
Peyman Kaikhosro Doulatyari, Sedigheh Hosseinpour Delavar, M. Ghahramani, Mohammad Rouzbahani
Introduction: Exercise training by modulating blood pressure and heart rate have a protective role for middle-aged cardiac patients. Aim of this study was to compare the effect of eight weeks of aerobic and combined exercise on some hemodynamic indicators in middle-aged male patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Methods: In this clinical trial, a sample of 30 middle-aged men who underwent coronary artery surgery in 2023 were enrolled after meeting predetermined eligibility criteria and randomized for participation. They were divided into three aerobic (n=10), combined (n=10) and control (n=10) groups. The individuals of the 2 intervention groups performed selected aerobic and combined exercises (with an intensity of 55 - 75% of the maximum heart rate, for 60 minutes) for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week. Blood pressure, heart rate and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) were measured before and after the intervention. The parametric paired sample t-test, one-way ANOVA test and Tukey's Test were used to examine differences at a significance level of P ≤ 0.05. Results: The effect of aerobic exercises on systolic blood pressure (P=0.036), diastolic blood pressure (P=0.040) and heart rate (P=0.013) was significant and caused a decrease in these indicators, but the decrease in the combined group was not significant (P>0.05). The intergroup effect difference was not significant (P>0.05). In both aerobic (P=0.000) and combined (P=0.007) groups, the peripheral oxygen saturation has increased significantly and intergroup mean difference was significant (P=0.004). Conclusion: It seems that aerobic and combined exercises as a helpful intervention strategy to improve hemodynamic indicators, make the patient more adaptable to the conditions after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
{"title":"Comparison of the Effect of Eight Weeks Aerobic and Combined Exercise on Some Hemodynamic Indicators in Middle-Aged Male Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery","authors":"Peyman Kaikhosro Doulatyari, Sedigheh Hosseinpour Delavar, M. Ghahramani, Mohammad Rouzbahani","doi":"10.18502/ssu.v31i12.14980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ssu.v31i12.14980","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Exercise training by modulating blood pressure and heart rate have a protective role for middle-aged cardiac patients. Aim of this study was to compare the effect of eight weeks of aerobic and combined exercise on some hemodynamic indicators in middle-aged male patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. \u0000Methods: In this clinical trial, a sample of 30 middle-aged men who underwent coronary artery surgery in 2023 were enrolled after meeting predetermined eligibility criteria and randomized for participation. They were divided into three aerobic (n=10), combined (n=10) and control (n=10) groups. The individuals of the 2 intervention groups performed selected aerobic and combined exercises (with an intensity of 55 - 75% of the maximum heart rate, for 60 minutes) for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week. Blood pressure, heart rate and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) were measured before and after the intervention. The parametric paired sample t-test, one-way ANOVA test and Tukey's Test were used to examine differences at a significance level of P ≤ 0.05. \u0000Results: The effect of aerobic exercises on systolic blood pressure (P=0.036), diastolic blood pressure (P=0.040) and heart rate (P=0.013) was significant and caused a decrease in these indicators, but the decrease in the combined group was not significant (P>0.05). The intergroup effect difference was not significant (P>0.05). In both aerobic (P=0.000) and combined (P=0.007) groups, the peripheral oxygen saturation has increased significantly and intergroup mean difference was significant (P=0.004). \u0000Conclusion: It seems that aerobic and combined exercises as a helpful intervention strategy to improve hemodynamic indicators, make the patient more adaptable to the conditions after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.","PeriodicalId":17084,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140433937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-24DOI: 10.18502/ssu.v31i12.14974
Mohammad Mehdi Heidari, Elham Afkhami Aqhda, Maryam Tahmasebi, Mehri Khatami, Zahra Shaker Ardakani
Introduction: Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a hereditary disorder that is the most common colon cancer syndrome in an autosomal dominant form. At first, germline mutations in the APC gene (adenomatous polyposis) were identified as the main genetic factor causing FAP, but during subsequent studies, the human MutY (MYH) gene with an autosomal recessive pattern was also identified as the factor causing this disease, which is commonly referred to as MutYH-dependent apoptosis (MAP). FAP and MAP present with an early onset of hundreds of adenomatous polyps in the colon, at a median age of 35–40 years, and are associated with a significantly increased risk of colon cancer (CRC). In some other patients, gastrointestinal polyps, congenital hypertrophy in the retinal pigment epithelium, desmid tumors, and extracolonic malignancies are seen. The common treatment method in patients is through endoscopic and surgical methods. However, the patients with FAP and their relatives should receive appropriate genetic counseling. The purpose of this review article was to describe and investigate the clinical aspects and genetic diseases of FAP and MAP. For this purpose, the latest articles related to FAP genetic disease were selected by searching Google Scholar and PubMed sources. Conclusion: Despite the progress made in discovering the molecular mechanisms of FAP, its genetic factors are still not fully understood. A deeper understanding of the molecular biology and genetics of this disease can lead to healthy therapies that can be used to rezone intestinal polyps and neoplastic malignancies and be a new target for future treatment.
{"title":"Genetic Causes of Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP), Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes","authors":"Mohammad Mehdi Heidari, Elham Afkhami Aqhda, Maryam Tahmasebi, Mehri Khatami, Zahra Shaker Ardakani","doi":"10.18502/ssu.v31i12.14974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ssu.v31i12.14974","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a hereditary disorder that is the most common colon cancer syndrome in an autosomal dominant form. At first, germline mutations in the APC gene (adenomatous polyposis) were identified as the main genetic factor causing FAP, but during subsequent studies, the human MutY (MYH) gene with an autosomal recessive pattern was also identified as the factor causing this disease, which is commonly referred to as MutYH-dependent apoptosis (MAP). FAP and MAP present with an early onset of hundreds of adenomatous polyps in the colon, at a median age of 35–40 years, and are associated with a significantly increased risk of colon cancer (CRC). In some other patients, gastrointestinal polyps, congenital hypertrophy in the retinal pigment epithelium, desmid tumors, and extracolonic malignancies are seen. The common treatment method in patients is through endoscopic and surgical methods. However, the patients with FAP and their relatives should receive appropriate genetic counseling. The purpose of this review article was to describe and investigate the clinical aspects and genetic diseases of FAP and MAP. For this purpose, the latest articles related to FAP genetic disease were selected by searching Google Scholar and PubMed sources. \u0000Conclusion: Despite the progress made in discovering the molecular mechanisms of FAP, its genetic factors are still not fully understood. A deeper understanding of the molecular biology and genetics of this disease can lead to healthy therapies that can be used to rezone intestinal polyps and neoplastic malignancies and be a new target for future treatment. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":17084,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences","volume":"54 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140434259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: In today's societies, the health sector is growing rapidly, and hospitals, as institutions that provide health and survival of the society and provide health services, have experienced many changes over time. People have understood that health is a valuable service for their lives, especially when the spread of new diseases threatens the life and health of society. Therefore, the main goal of this research was to investigate the relationship between innovation and service quality on customer satisfaction and loyalty during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: The present research has focused on the impact of service innovation and its quality on patients' satisfaction and loyalty during the Covid-19 pandemic in Yazd Shahid Sadoughi Hospital. The statistical population of the present study was the patients admitted to Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd, Iran. Because the size of the population was uncertain, Cochran's formula was used to calculate the number of samples, which resulted in 384 people. SPSS and Smart PLS3 software were also used for data analysis. Results: Among the patients with corona virus, service innovation had a positive and significant effect on the patient satisfaction and 0.11 (p<0.05) on loyalty, respectively. Likewise, service quality has affected the satisfaction and loyalty of the patients by 0.77 and 0.45 with (P<0.05); the effect of the patient satisfaction on loyalty was positive and significant at the rate of 0.41 (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results have shown that the relationship between service innovation and its quality had a positive and significant effect on patients' satisfaction and loyalty during the Covid-19 pandemic. The reason is that if the quality of the services provided is in accordance with the expectations of the patients, it will cause the satisfaction of the patients and will lead to their loyalty.
{"title":"Impact of Service Innovation and its Quality on Patients' Satisfaction and Loyalty during the Covid-19 Pandemic","authors":"HamidReza Golzarfar, Faeze Shirsalimian, Samaneh Norani-Azad","doi":"10.18502/ssu.v31i12.14977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ssu.v31i12.14977","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In today's societies, the health sector is growing rapidly, and hospitals, as institutions that provide health and survival of the society and provide health services, have experienced many changes over time. People have understood that health is a valuable service for their lives, especially when the spread of new diseases threatens the life and health of society. Therefore, the main goal of this research was to investigate the relationship between innovation and service quality on customer satisfaction and loyalty during the Covid-19 pandemic. \u0000Methods: The present research has focused on the impact of service innovation and its quality on patients' satisfaction and loyalty during the Covid-19 pandemic in Yazd Shahid Sadoughi Hospital. The statistical population of the present study was the patients admitted to Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd, Iran. Because the size of the population was uncertain, Cochran's formula was used to calculate the number of samples, which resulted in 384 people. SPSS and Smart PLS3 software were also used for data analysis. \u0000Results: Among the patients with corona virus, service innovation had a positive and significant effect on the patient satisfaction and 0.11 (p<0.05) on loyalty, respectively. Likewise, service quality has affected the satisfaction and loyalty of the patients by 0.77 and 0.45 with (P<0.05); the effect of the patient satisfaction on loyalty was positive and significant at the rate of 0.41 (P<0.05). \u0000Conclusion: The results have shown that the relationship between service innovation and its quality had a positive and significant effect on patients' satisfaction and loyalty during the Covid-19 pandemic. The reason is that if the quality of the services provided is in accordance with the expectations of the patients, it will cause the satisfaction of the patients and will lead to their loyalty.","PeriodicalId":17084,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences","volume":"42 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140434298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-24DOI: 10.18502/ssu.v31i12.14976
Mohadese Moradi, S. Hamedani
Introduction: The purpose of using nano-carriers for drugs delivery, such as nanotubes, was slow release of drug and reducing side effects of drugs. Drugs are very active due to their many functional groups. Therefore, reactivity of drug is reduced by being in nanotube field due to electronic resonance of drug with nanotube and it stays longer in body. The present study aimed to investigate the interaction of isoniazid with functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes. Methods: In the present theoretical study, considering the importance of isoniazid as the first line of treatment for tuberculosis disease, the performance of carbon nanostructures for adsorption of isoniazid was evaluated using quantum computation. Using density functional theory at theoretical level of B3LYP/6-31G** structure of drug and f-SWCNT and nano-drug complexes were optimized. Results: Effect of adsorption on the electronic properties and stability of the nanotube was also examined. In this regard, for different configurations, the strength and nature of intermolecular interactions were evaluated by energy parameters and molecular orbitals. Based on the obtained results, a specific configuration displayed the most negative adsorption energy and enthalpy, establishing itself as the most stable structure among the various configurations. Conclusion: Results showed that the electron density of the HOMO (Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital) was localized on the nanotube, while the electron density of the LUMO (Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital) was situated on the drug molecule. The energy gap between two molecular orbitals increased due to the adsorption process; changes lead to an increase in the electrical conductivity of the complex following adsorption. According to the natural bond orbitals, results, the isoniazid molecule and functionalized single-walled carbon nanotube act as both electron donor and acceptor in the complex. Analysis of the results obtained from quantum theory of atoms in molecules, showed the intermolecular interaction between the drug and the functional group of the nanotube has been established, the most important of which is the hydrogen bond. Finally, the findings showed that functionalized SWCNTs can be acted as a drug carrier for isoniazid anti-tuberculosis drug.
{"title":"Modeling the Interaction between the Isoniazid Anti-Tuberculosis Drug and Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes for Medical Applications: A Quantum Chemical Study","authors":"Mohadese Moradi, S. Hamedani","doi":"10.18502/ssu.v31i12.14976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ssu.v31i12.14976","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The purpose of using nano-carriers for drugs delivery, such as nanotubes, was slow release of drug and reducing side effects of drugs. Drugs are very active due to their many functional groups. Therefore, reactivity of drug is reduced by being in nanotube field due to electronic resonance of drug with nanotube and it stays longer in body. The present study aimed to investigate the interaction of isoniazid with functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes. \u0000Methods: In the present theoretical study, considering the importance of isoniazid as the first line of treatment for tuberculosis disease, the performance of carbon nanostructures for adsorption of isoniazid was evaluated using quantum computation. Using density functional theory at theoretical level of B3LYP/6-31G** structure of drug and f-SWCNT and nano-drug complexes were optimized. \u0000Results: Effect of adsorption on the electronic properties and stability of the nanotube was also examined. In this regard, for different configurations, the strength and nature of intermolecular interactions were evaluated by energy parameters and molecular orbitals. Based on the obtained results, a specific configuration displayed the most negative adsorption energy and enthalpy, establishing itself as the most stable structure among the various configurations. \u0000Conclusion: Results showed that the electron density of the HOMO (Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital) was localized on the nanotube, while the electron density of the LUMO (Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital) was situated on the drug molecule. The energy gap between two molecular orbitals increased due to the adsorption process; changes lead to an increase in the electrical conductivity of the complex following adsorption. According to the natural bond orbitals, results, the isoniazid molecule and functionalized single-walled carbon nanotube act as both electron donor and acceptor in the complex. Analysis of the results obtained from quantum theory of atoms in molecules, showed the intermolecular interaction between the drug and the functional group of the nanotube has been established, the most important of which is the hydrogen bond. Finally, the findings showed that functionalized SWCNTs can be acted as a drug carrier for isoniazid anti-tuberculosis drug. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":17084,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences","volume":"42 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140435172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Repeated implantation failure (RIF) is one of the main challenges in modern infertility treatments. Although assisted reproductive technology (ART) has undergone a lot of progression over the last recent years, some women still experience implantation failure after several embryo transfers (ET). Disruption of the mother's immunologic tolerance towards the fetus is one of the risk factors that increases the possibility of rejection the semi-allogeneic embryo by the mother’s immune system and causes failure of embryo implantation. Studies have shown that immunomodulatory treatment approaches, if used in a timely and appropriate manner, have promising results in improving pregnancy outcomes and live birth rates in this group of women. This review focuses on changes in the immune system and the use of immunomodulatory treatments in women with recurrent implantation failure. Conclusion: It seems that the appropriate use of immunologic tests and proper immunomodulatory treatments can manage IVF failure after repeated embryo transfers.
{"title":"Recurrent Implantation Failure from an Immunological Point of View","authors":"Soolmaz Habibi, Parisa Mostafaei, Fariba Ramezanali, Elham Amirchaghmaghi","doi":"10.18502/ssu.v31i12.14975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ssu.v31i12.14975","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Repeated implantation failure (RIF) is one of the main challenges in modern infertility treatments. Although assisted reproductive technology (ART) has undergone a lot of progression over the last recent years, some women still experience implantation failure after several embryo transfers (ET). Disruption of the mother's immunologic tolerance towards the fetus is one of the risk factors that increases the possibility of rejection the semi-allogeneic embryo by the mother’s immune system and causes failure of embryo implantation. Studies have shown that immunomodulatory treatment approaches, if used in a timely and appropriate manner, have promising results in improving pregnancy outcomes and live birth rates in this group of women. This review focuses on changes in the immune system and the use of immunomodulatory treatments in women with recurrent implantation failure. \u0000Conclusion: It seems that the appropriate use of immunologic tests and proper immunomodulatory treatments can manage IVF failure after repeated embryo transfers.","PeriodicalId":17084,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences","volume":"37 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140435393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-24DOI: 10.18502/ssu.v31i12.14979
Safar Ali Dehghani Shoraki, S. Hessam, Roya Biabani Khankahdani
Introduction: Identifying factors that influence the patient experience are critical to implementing strategies that support patient engagement and ultimately achieve better health outcomes. The present study was conducted with the aim of presenting a model of empowerment of hospitalized patients. Methods: The current research was a qualitative-quantitative study that was cross-sectional by stratified sampling method with proper allocation in hospitals affiliated to Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran, on 230 heads, managers, matrons, supervisors, heads of clinical and paraclinical departments and hospital headquarters units, nurses and doctors were done. The data were collected using the demographic information tool and the questionnaire made by the researcher to design a model of empowering patients admitted to the hospital. Determining the ability of the designed model by fitting the data was done with the confirmatory factor analysis method. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16 software and Amos.v 24 software. Results: Questionnaire for designing a model of empowering patients in the hospital has 8 areas and 61 items or components. In the present study, the Chi-square ratio to the degree of freedom was significant (p<0.001), which indicated the appropriate fit of the model. The value of the GFI index was estimated at 0.93, which indicated that the model fits well. The values of GFI and AGFI for the empowerment model of hospitalized patients were higher than 0.8. Conclusion: Organizations and medical institutions have the opportunity to utilize this model to empower patients. The universities of medical sciences and affiliated hospitals should create an enabling environment for enhancing patient empowerment.
{"title":"Designing the Empowerment Model of Patients Hospitalized in the Hospitals Affiliated to Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd","authors":"Safar Ali Dehghani Shoraki, S. Hessam, Roya Biabani Khankahdani","doi":"10.18502/ssu.v31i12.14979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ssu.v31i12.14979","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Identifying factors that influence the patient experience are critical to implementing strategies that support patient engagement and ultimately achieve better health outcomes. The present study was conducted with the aim of presenting a model of empowerment of hospitalized patients. \u0000Methods: The current research was a qualitative-quantitative study that was cross-sectional by stratified sampling method with proper allocation in hospitals affiliated to Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran, on 230 heads, managers, matrons, supervisors, heads of clinical and paraclinical departments and hospital headquarters units, nurses and doctors were done. The data were collected using the demographic information tool and the questionnaire made by the researcher to design a model of empowering patients admitted to the hospital. Determining the ability of the designed model by fitting the data was done with the confirmatory factor analysis method. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16 software and Amos.v 24 software. \u0000Results: Questionnaire for designing a model of empowering patients in the hospital has 8 areas and 61 items or components. In the present study, the Chi-square ratio to the degree of freedom was significant (p<0.001), which indicated the appropriate fit of the model. The value of the GFI index was estimated at 0.93, which indicated that the model fits well. The values of GFI and AGFI for the empowerment model of hospitalized patients were higher than 0.8. \u0000Conclusion: Organizations and medical institutions have the opportunity to utilize this model to empower patients. The universities of medical sciences and affiliated hospitals should create an enabling environment for enhancing patient empowerment.","PeriodicalId":17084,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140435122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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