Journal of The Energy Institute最新文献

{"title":"Pyrolysis characteristics of blended textile in waste clothing","authors":"Yuya Sakurai ,&nbsp;Tsutomu Ito ,&nbsp;Mamoru Nishimoto","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pyrolysis of blended textiles from waste clothing was studied to advance the technology for recycling such materials. Waste garments made of polyester/cotton, a common blended textile, were used as experimental samples. The pyrolysis properties of polyester/cotton were examined using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and laboratory-scale pyrolysis experiments. The thermogravimetric (TG) curve indicated that the pyrolysis of polyester/cotton began at 255.1 °C and ended at 471.7 °C. The pyrolysis derivative curve for polyester/cotton displayed three peaks, with the most significant peak at 353.8 °C and minor peaks at 319.9 °C and 403.4 °C. Laboratory-scale pyrolysis experiments were then performed at heating temperatures of 400, 500, 600, and 700 °C. The pyrolysis products were characterized by analyzing the char, tar, and gas generated. The polyester/cotton char exhibited a high higher heating value (HHV) of 32,640 J/g-char (db) at 600 °C. The tar composition revealed that the polyester/cotton char was primarily composed of fragments with a phenyl structure derived from polyester, with benzoic acid being a notable tar component. This composition was marked by significant production of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, even at pyrolysis temperatures below 700 °C. The main components of the pyrolysis gases were CO₂ and CO at low and high temperatures of 400 and 700 °C, respectively. By summarizing the composition of tar and gas in relation to pyrolysis temperature, a mechanism was proposed in which interactions between the hydroxyl groups in the molecular structure of cotton and the benzene rings in the molecular structure of polyester during pyrolysis lead to CO formation. These findings contribute to the development of recycling technologies for utilizing waste clothing as an energy source and chemical feedstock.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102042"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of acetone as a solvent and supercritical CO2 extraction on liquid products from near-critical liquefaction of pinewood","authors":"Cameron Murray,&nbsp;Kiran G. Burra,&nbsp;Grace Ding,&nbsp;Ashwani K. Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biomass conversion to biocrude and further to biofuels has potential to alleviate U.S. energy dependency while making use of existing and robust liquid carbonaceous fuels infrastructure. One proposed method for biomass conversion is the Near-critical Integrated Liquefaction Extraction (NILE) using supercritical CO₂ (ScCO₂). The process aims to improve biocrude properties than other traditional processes while also reducing energy consumption by utilization of ScCO₂. Acetone can theoretically be used in conjunction with the NILE process as a solvent or co-solvent with supercritical CO₂. This investigation attempted to understand the impact of acetone addition to improve liquid yields from the biomass conversion process with specific emphasis on the suitability of acetone to act as a solvent or co-solvent along with the effectiveness of ScCO₂ extraction as a liquid yield recovery method towards direct separation of better quality biocrude. Liquefaction of pinewood was carried out in the presence of acetone at a 2:1 solvent to biomass mass ratio, at 300 °C for a total heating time of 45 min. The results showed that acetone increased the liquid yields, and it may be due to the result of acetone reacting rather than acting as a solvent. Additionally, the presence of solvents was found to play a critical role in determining the composition of the liquid. ScCO₂ extraction of biocrude directly from liquefaction product slurry was demonstrated along with recycled CO₂ operation. Compared to conventional acetone extraction, ScCO₂ extraction at 330 bar and 100 °C was found to dewater the biocrude by almost half, lower (almost half) the phenolic acid number (PhAN), along with increased H/C ratio of the extracted biocrude.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102027"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143519393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of nitrogen-containing species in the structural regulation and growth inhibition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: A ReaxFF molecular dynamics study","authors":"Qingyang Liu,&nbsp;Haoye Liu,&nbsp;Tianyou Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the role of nitrogen-containing species in the structural regulation and growth inhibition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) under high-temperature conditions through reactive force field molecular dynamics (ReaxFF MD) simulations. The findings revealed that nitrogen-containing species not only effectively inhibit the cyclization process of PAHs but also promote the formation of long branched carbon chains. This regulatory mechanism alters the structural characteristics of PAHs, thereby inhibiting the growth of PAHs. Specifically, during the mass growth of clusters, the nitrogen-containing radicals react with propargyl radical (C₃H₃) to generate nitrogen-containing hydrocarbon precursors that actively participate in clusters formation, facilitating the transition from small clusters to larger clusters, which consequently shortens the growth time of clusters. Moreover, the introduction of nitrogen-containing radicals leads to a 50 % increase in the total number of carbon atoms in C₁₆₊ clusters relative to the C₃H₃ system, while the number of clusters dramatically decreases by 58.3 %. Structural analysis indicates that the total number of rings in PAHs within the nitrogen-containing species system decreases by as much as 80.8 % compared to the C₃H₃ system, and the PAH growth inhibition factor increases by as much as 5.3 times. This suggests that nitrogen-containing species have a significant inhibition effect on the growth of PAHs. Additionally, molecular trajectory analysis further revealed that the instability of nitrogen heterocyclic structures at high temperatures promotes the occurrence of ring-opening reactions, leading to the nitrogen-containing portions of PAHs predominantly existing in chain form. The formation of long carbon chains, compared to cyclic structures, facilitates the combination of carbon-hydrogen small molecules, effectively explaining the promoting effect of nitrogen-containing species on the mass growth of clusters. Overall, nitrogen-containing species exhibit significant reactivity in high-temperature environments that reduce the reaction frequency of the transformation from C₃H₃ to PAHs, effectively inhibit the cyclization of PAHs and promote the formation of branched chains. Furthermore, a looser structure with more branched chains facilitates oxidation reactions, thereby further inhibiting the growth of PAHs. This study offers important insights into the understanding of the mechanism by which ammonia inhibits the growth of PAHs in ammonia-doped hydrocarbon flames.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102020"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143480157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Product distribution and free radical reaction behavior during coal liquefaction in solvents with different hydrogen donor indexes","authors":"Yuanlin Zhang ,&nbsp;Shuo Sun ,&nbsp;Sheng Huang ,&nbsp;Shiyong Wu ,&nbsp;Youqing Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this manuscript, the products distribution was studied in solvents with different proton donor quality index (PDQIs), and the reaction behavior of radicals was investigated using ESR. Besides, the correlation between products distribution and characteristics of radical's reaction was investigated. The results showed that increasing temperature and PDQI had a significant promoting effect on coal conversion. When the PDQI of solvent was 30, yields of oil-gas were always maintained at maximum value compared to other solvents, which was up to 42.70 wt% at 450 °C. The free radical's concentration (CR) of residue and asphaltene (AS) decreased gradually with increasing PDQI, and the difference of C_R of residue at different temperatures also reduced. The g value of residue increased significantly as PDQI increased from 10 to 20, while g value of residue (2.0033–2.0037) decreased significantly at the PDQI of 30, which may be due to that heteroatom in residue combined with more active hydrogen. A high correlation existed between the amount of hydrogen supplied by THN (N_H) and C_R of residue with increasing temperature, and the correlation could be enhanced as PDQI increased. However, the C_R in asphaltene was less correlated with N_H. Besides, the C_R of residue was significantly correlated with coal conversion and oil-gas yield.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102030"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sorption enhanced steam reforming of methanol for high-purity hydrogen production via Fe-doped Cu-MgO catalytic-sorption bifunctional material","authors":"Zewei Shen ,&nbsp;Long Han ,&nbsp;Zhifu Qi ,&nbsp;Haoran Ding ,&nbsp;Shengxiao Mao ,&nbsp;Haixiang Hong ,&nbsp;Xuejian Yin ,&nbsp;Tong Qiu ,&nbsp;Linbin Xin ,&nbsp;Yitian Shao ,&nbsp;Guosheng Duan","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One of the key routes toward green hydrogen storage and utilization is hydrogen production through green methanol reforming. In this study, Fe-doped Cu-MgO catalytic-CO₂ sorption bifunctional material was synthesized using the sol-gel method. The physicochemical properties of these materials were characterized using XRD, XPS, and CO₂-TPD. Then the hydrogen production performance of sorption enhanced steam reforming of methanol (SE-SRM) was evaluated in a fixed-bed reaction system. The results revealed that the material's primary components were Cu, MgO, and Fe₂O₃. The addition of Fe component was beneficial for promoting Cu dispersion. The variation of the Fe doping amount influenced the interaction between Cu and MgO, altering the distribution of Cu ions, surface oxygen states, and CO₂ sorption active site occupancy. Moderate Fe doping significantly improved methanol conversion and H₂ selectivity. After 15 min of reaction time, Fe-doped materials exhibited significantly higher methanol conversion than standard Cu-MgO material. The influences of reforming temperature, water-to-methanol molar ratio, and aqueous methanol flow rate on the performance of Fe-doped Cu-MgO materials were also investigated. At reaction conditions of 200 °C, water-to-methanol ratio 1.50 and methanol flow rate of 0.10 mL/min, methanol conversion reached 77.5 % and hydrogen selectivity 83.1 %, which were superior to previous methanol reforming performance with Cu-based catalysts. Results from present study suggest that the bifunctional materials had strong potential for green methanol reforming application in hydrogen production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102025"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143570518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogen production from catalytic steam-gasification of biomass using char and char-supported iron catalysts","authors":"Yan Cao ,&nbsp;Yu Bai ,&nbsp;Jiang Du","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Char derived from the pyrolysis of carbon-based fuels, such as biomass and coal, has been widely used as a support material. In this study, biochar, coalchar, biochar-supported Fe (Fe/B) and coalchar-supported Fe (Fe/C) were prepared for tar cracking and H₂ enhancement during wood chips gasification. All experiments were conducted in a fluidized bed gasification system using steam as the gasification agent. The results revealed that the effectiveness of each catalyst in removing tar is ranked as follows: biochar &lt; coalchar &lt; Fe/B &lt; Fe/C. The highest H₂ content (49.2 vol%) was also obtained at 800 ^°C and in the presence of 6 wt% Fe/C as catalyst. Tar cracking improved significantly with increasing Fe content from 0 to 6.0 wt%, but showed little further improvement beyond 6.0 wt% Fe content. The results indicated that adding steam had minimal effect on the tar content in the gas produced from the gasification of wood chips using the Fe/C catalyst. However, raising the gasifier temperature from 700 to 850 ^°C led to a significant reduction in tar yield. This reduction is attributed to the promotion of cracking and reforming reactions during the gasification process. This work showed that the char composition significantly influences its catalytic performance regarding tar reduction and H₂ enhancement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102031"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of sustainable methanol production via integrated co-gasification of rice husk and plastic coupled with its prediction and optimization using machine learning and statistical-based models","authors":"Jamilu Salisu ,&nbsp;Ningbo Gao ,&nbsp;Cui Quan ,&nbsp;Hang Seok Choi ,&nbsp;Qingbin Song","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To reduce reliance on fossil fuels and mitigate environmental impact, co-gasification of waste materials presents a promising alternative for methanol production. In modeling gasification process, kinetic-based models are predominant but are often complex and lack inherent optimization capabilities. This study couples a kinetic-based model with predictive models, aiming to provide an optimization-embedded and simplified simulation approach. Using Aspen Plus, an integrated model for methanol production via co-gasification of rice husk and plastic was developed. Model prediction and optimization were performed using response surface methodology (RSM) as a statistical approach and artificial neural network-genetic algorithm (ANN-GA) as a machine learning approach. Key input variables, including gasification temperature (GT), steam-to-feed ratio (STF), methanol production temperature (T) and pressure (P), were optimized for both the co-gasification and methanol sections. The integrated co-gasification-methanol model was successfully developed, achieving a root mean square error (RMSE) of 2.31 when validated with experimental data. Predictions using both ANN-GA and RSM methods yielded a coefficient of determination (R²) &gt; 0.99, with ANN-GA showing superior prediction accuracy. Statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) from the RSM results also confirmed the model significance. The optimal methanol yield was 0.6 kg/kg feed under GT = 850 °C, STF = 0.96–1.73, T = 234–255 °C, and P = 114–150 bar. While ANN-GA provided superior optimization across most variables, RSM was more effective for optimizing pressure. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of integrating machine learning and statistical models with kinetic-based simulations for optimizing an integrated gasification-methanol system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102029"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143519394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative investigation of biomass co-pyrolysis with polymeric wastes using electromagnetic induction heating","authors":"Jannatul Ferdous,&nbsp;Md. Abu Rayhan Bhuiyan,&nbsp;Md. Belal Hossain Jisan,&nbsp;Fuhad Ahmed,&nbsp;Khandakar Akash,&nbsp;Mohammad Rofiqul Islam,&nbsp;Md. Abdul Kader","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, co-pyrolysis of biomass and polymeric wastes has been conducted in an electromagnetic induction (EMI)-heated fixed-bed reactor. The biomass feedstocks were water hyacinth (WH) and vegetable waste (VW), whereas the polymeric wastes were scrap tires (ST) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE). The maximum liquid yield of 67 wt.% was obtained with a WH/LDPE blend ratio of 30:70, at 450 °C for 50 min and with particle sizes ranging from 0.5 to 2 mm. The calorific value (CV) of the obtained co-pyrolysis oil was determined to be 40.38 MJ/kg. The co-pyrolysis-oil was characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The findings demonstrated that the oils had superior properties, such as a higher carbon and hydrogen content, and were mainly composed of aliphatic compounds, such as olefins. The addition of polymeric wastes (LDPE and ST) increased liquid yields even though the oils from VW/ST blends had greater amounts of sulfur and nitrogen. The results showed that the wastes in the study could be transformed into liquid products that could be used as alternatives to petroleum fuels in a variety of ways. It has also been proposed that the liquid product might be a good source of a number of useful chemical compounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102023"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143427790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pyrolysis mechanism and gasification characteristics of actual municipal solid waste: A kinetic study through two-stage reaction models","authors":"Ruochen Yang ,&nbsp;Lei Jiang ,&nbsp;Can Tong ,&nbsp;Li Song ,&nbsp;Xiong Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Liao ,&nbsp;Haiping Yang ,&nbsp;Shihong Zhang ,&nbsp;Hanping Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Municipal solid waste (MSW) gasification technologies represent a novel approach to waste management, while research on the kinetic characteristics and gasification behavior of actual MSW remains limited. In this paper, a new two-step kinetic model combining the segmentation of the main pyrolysis stages of MSW with Coats-Redfern (C-R) method which was more suitable for describing the pyrolysis process of actual MSW was established. Then the pyrolysis mechanism, tar generation process and the interactions among components, were thoroughly investigated based on this kinetic model. The results show the two-stage approach can effectively improve the accuracy of the MSW pyrolysis kinetic model (R² &gt; 0.989). The first stage of MSW pyrolysis conforms to the reaction order model, while the second stage aligns with the geometric contraction model. The average activation energies of the two pyrolysis stages are 70.49 and 120.62 kJ/mol, which demonstrated that the two-stage reaction follows different types of reactions. Gasification experiments of MSW, guided by the kinetic model, indicate that higher temperature (T &gt; 700 °C) and equivalence ratios (ER) can promote the gasification of MSW and tar, under the optimized conditions, the H₂ yield increased from 0.08 to 1.82 mmol/g, and the CO yield increased from 0.26 to 1.92 mmol/g. Further increasing the ER (ER &gt; 0.5) can inhibit the conversion of benzene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by promoting the generation of CO₂. Increasing the ER and employing flue gas combustion to raise the CO₂ concentration during the gasification process is an ideal method for suppressing the formation of benzene and PAHs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102026"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on performance and emission optimization of MgO nanoparticle-enriched 2nd generation biodiesel: A method for employing nanoparticles to improve cleaner diesel combustion","authors":"Arif Savaş ,&nbsp;Ramazan Şener ,&nbsp;Samet Uslu ,&nbsp;Oğuzhan Der","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An important issue in reducing exhaust emissions and enhancing engine performance is transitioning from conventional fuels to renewable energy-based technologies. This shift is particularly crucial for compression ignition engines, which are widely used in the transportation industries. This study investigates the performance and emission characteristics of a compression ignition engine fueled with second-generation jojoba biodiesel, enhanced using MgO-based nano additives. Experiments were performed under variable load conditions ranging from 0.5 to 3.0 kW, with different concentrations of MgO (50 ppm, 100 ppm and 150 ppm) incorporated into the biodiesel blends. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize fuel composition and operating conditions for maximum efficiency and minimum emissions. The results indicated a 6.7 % reduction in BSFC and a 7.3 % increase in BTE attributed to the improved combustion efficiency through the addition of 100 ppm MgO. Additionally, CO and HC emissions were reduced by 12.7 % and 30.1 %, respectively. Using RSM, the optimum parameters were found at a load of 1.49 kW and a MgO concentration of 40.9 ppm, achieving a desirability score of 0.7489. This study confirms that jojoba biodiesel with MgO nano additives shows significant potential as an eco-friendly alternative fuel, improving engine performance and reducing emissions. The findings provide valuable insights into its application, particularly in promoting environmental sustainability within the energy sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102024"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}