The purpose of the present study was to identify the effects of in-ovo injection of glucose and glutamine on hatching efficiency, hatching weight, liver and residual yolk weights, intestinal histomorphology and gene expressions of digestive enzymes. On the 17th day of incubation, NaCl (0.9 %), glutamine (0.5 ml 10%), glucose (0.5 ml 0.25 g/ml), and glutamine+glucose (0.25 ml 10%+0.25 ml 0.25 g/ml) were injected into the amniotic sac. In-ovo injection of glucose, glutamine and glucose+glutamine significantly decreased hatching efficiency in glucose and glutamin+glucose groups (p<0.001). This treatment did not affect hatching weight, liver and residual yolk weight in any of the groups. When the intestinal histomorphology was evaluated, in-ovo injection was found to increase the villi height/crypt depth ratio, villus width and the number of goblet cells in the jejunum; whereas villi height, crypt depth, and tunica muscularis thickness were not significantly affected by the treatments. Moreover, the ileum histomorphology in general appear not to be affected by any of the treatments as well. In-ovo glutamine injection significantly increased Suc-Iso and mTOR gene expressions (p≤0.05) compared to the control group, whereas SGLT1 gene expression was statistically indifferent. At the end of the study, while in-ovo glucose and glutamine injection had an overall negative effect on the hatching efficiency in broiler chicks.
本试验旨在研究卵内注射葡萄糖和谷氨酰胺对雏鸡孵化效率、孵化重、肝脏和残余蛋黄重、肠道组织形态和消化酶基因表达的影响。培养第17天，羊膜囊内注射NaCl(0.9%)、谷氨酰胺(0.5 ml 10%)、葡萄糖(0.5 ml 0.25 g/ml)、谷氨酰胺+葡萄糖(0.25 ml 10%+0.25 ml 0.25 g/ml)。卵内注射葡萄糖、谷氨酰胺和葡萄糖+谷氨酰胺显著降低了葡萄糖组和谷氨酰胺+葡萄糖组的孵化效率(p<0.001)。该处理对各组的孵化重、肝脏和残余蛋黄重均无影响。观察肠组织形态学，发现卵内注射增加了空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度比、绒毛宽度和杯状细胞数量;而绒毛高度、隐窝深度和肌膜厚度则不受处理的显著影响。此外，回肠的组织形态总体上也不会受到任何治疗的影响。蛋清谷氨酰胺注射液显著提高了su - iso和mTOR基因表达量(p≤0.05)，而SGLT1基因表达量与对照组相比无统计学差异。研究结束时，蛋内葡萄糖和谷氨酰胺注射液对肉仔鸡的孵化效率总体呈负影响。
{"title":"Effects of In-Ovo Glucose and Glutamine Treatment on Hatching Efficiency, Intestinal Histomorphology and Gene Expression of Digestive Enzymes in Broiler Chicks","authors":"F Cönerr, P Saçaklı","doi":"10.12681/jhvms.30895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.30895","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the present study was to identify the effects of in-ovo injection of glucose and glutamine on hatching efficiency, hatching weight, liver and residual yolk weights, intestinal histomorphology and gene expressions of digestive enzymes. On the 17th day of incubation, NaCl (0.9 %), glutamine (0.5 ml 10%), glucose (0.5 ml 0.25 g/ml), and glutamine+glucose (0.25 ml 10%+0.25 ml 0.25 g/ml) were injected into the amniotic sac. In-ovo injection of glucose, glutamine and glucose+glutamine significantly decreased hatching efficiency in glucose and glutamin+glucose groups (p<0.001). This treatment did not affect hatching weight, liver and residual yolk weight in any of the groups. When the intestinal histomorphology was evaluated, in-ovo injection was found to increase the villi height/crypt depth ratio, villus width and the number of goblet cells in the jejunum; whereas villi height, crypt depth, and tunica muscularis thickness were not significantly affected by the treatments. Moreover, the ileum histomorphology in general appear not to be affected by any of the treatments as well. In-ovo glutamine injection significantly increased Suc-Iso and mTOR gene expressions (p≤0.05) compared to the control group, whereas SGLT1 gene expression was statistically indifferent. At the end of the study, while in-ovo glucose and glutamine injection had an overall negative effect on the hatching efficiency in broiler chicks.","PeriodicalId":17314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society","volume":"161 9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135943714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the study is to improve the nutritional value of sunflower meal by solid state fermentation (SSF) using agricultural wastes such as whey and pomegranate peel. Experiment was conducted with six groups. First group SM (sunflower meal) + TW (tap water), the second group SM + W (whey), the third group SM + W + 0.5% PP, the fourth group SM + W + 1% PP, the fifth group SM + W + 1.5% PP and the sixth group SM + W + 2% PP, respectively. The mixtures were prepared to complete 100 grams of sunflower meal with 0, 0,5, 1,0, 1,5 and 2,0 grams of pomegranate peel (PP), respectively. Each group consisted of eight replicates. Prepared mixtures were placed in 500 ml erlenmayers and 120 ml tap water was added to the mixing of first group and 120 ml whey was added in other groups and then mixed homogeneously. Four of the erlenmayers prepared for each group without being fermented were dried at room temperature. The remaining erlenmayers were fermented in 32°C±2 for 48 hours. Dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, crude ash, crude fiber, phytic acid ratios and phytase activities, antioxidant activities and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) numbers were determined in fermented and non-fermented feed samples. As a result of solid state fermentation with whey by adding pomegranate peel to sunflower meal, crude protein ratio, antioxidant activity and yeast count increased, and phytic acid ratio decreased. In conclusion, sunflower meal with functional properties was obtained. In addition, wastes such as whey and pomegranate peel were used as feed and environmental pollution was prevented. Keywords: Sunflower meal; pomegranate peel; whey; solid state fermentation; functional meal
本研究旨在利用农业废弃物乳清、石榴皮等进行固态发酵，提高葵花籽粕的营养价值。试验共设6组。第一组SM(葵花籽粕)+ TW(自来水)、第二组SM + W(乳清)、第三组SM + W + 0.5% PP、第四组SM + W + 1% PP、第五组SM + W + 1.5% PP和第六组SM + W + 2% PP。分别用0、0、5、1、0、1、5、5、2克石榴皮(PP)完成100克葵花籽粕。每组8个重复。将配制好的混合液置于500 ml瓶中，第一组加入120 ml自来水，其他组加入120 ml乳清，混合均匀。每组各取4个未发酵的二奶，在室温下干燥。剩余的酵母在32℃±2条件下发酵48小时。测定发酵和非发酵饲料样品的干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗灰分、粗纤维、植酸比、植酸酶活性、抗氧化活性和酵母(酿酒酵母)数量。
在向日葵粕中添加石榴皮与乳清进行固体发酵，提高了粗蛋白质比、抗氧化活性和酵母数，降低了植酸比。综上所述，获得了具有功能特性的葵花籽粕。此外，将乳清、石榴皮等废弃物用作饲料，防止了环境污染。
关键词:葵花籽粕;石榴皮;乳清蛋白;固态发酵;功能性餐
{"title":"Effect of Solid State Fermentation with Whey on Nutrient Composition of Pomegranate Peel Supplemented Sunflower Meal","authors":"B Dumlu, ŞC Bölükbaşı","doi":"10.12681/jhvms.31023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.31023","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is to improve the nutritional value of sunflower meal by solid state fermentation (SSF) using agricultural wastes such as whey and pomegranate peel. \u0000Experiment was conducted with six groups. First group SM (sunflower meal) + TW (tap water), the second group SM + W (whey), the third group SM + W + 0.5% PP, the fourth group SM + W + 1% PP, the fifth group SM + W + 1.5% PP and the sixth group SM + W + 2% PP, respectively. The mixtures were prepared to complete 100 grams of sunflower meal with 0, 0,5, 1,0, 1,5 and 2,0 grams of pomegranate peel (PP), respectively. Each group consisted of eight replicates. Prepared mixtures were placed in 500 ml erlenmayers and 120 ml tap water was added to the mixing of first group and 120 ml whey was added in other groups and then mixed homogeneously. Four of the erlenmayers prepared for each group without being fermented were dried at room temperature. The remaining erlenmayers were fermented in 32°C±2 for 48 hours. Dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, crude ash, crude fiber, phytic acid ratios and phytase activities, antioxidant activities and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) numbers were determined in fermented and non-fermented feed samples. \u0000As a result of solid state fermentation with whey by adding pomegranate peel to sunflower meal, crude protein ratio, antioxidant activity and yeast count increased, and phytic acid ratio decreased. In conclusion, sunflower meal with functional properties was obtained. In addition, wastes such as whey and pomegranate peel were used as feed and environmental pollution was prevented. \u0000Keywords: Sunflower meal; pomegranate peel; whey; solid state fermentation; functional meal","PeriodicalId":17314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135942821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G Adwan, S Abuseir, O Khreishi, A Hussein, N Khraim, M Abed Al-Daym
Salmonella is one of the most frequently isolated foodborne pathogens. It is of major public health concern worldwide. Poultry meat and eggs represent an important source of Salmonellae organism for consumer health. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium and Enteritidis using multiplex PCR (mPCR) among isolates collected from the local market and to assess genetic relationships between isolates of S. Typhimurium, which was the only serotype isolated from the tested food samples. This was done using virulence factors profiling and fingerprint profiling by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) and repetitive sequence PCR (REP-PCR) using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC-PCR) and interspersed repetitive DNA sequence BOXAIR-PCR.
The overall occurrence percentage of S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis out of 51 isolates was 54.9% and 0.0%, respectively. Only 13 out of 17 virulence genes were detected in these isolates. The occurrence of the detected virulence genes among these isolates was 100%, 50.0%,46.4%, 39.3%, 35.7%, 35.7%, 32.1%, 25.0%, 25.0%, 17.6%, 14.3%, 14.3%, 3.6% for invA, sopB, prgH, sitC, pefA, tolC, cdtB, msgA, sifA, iroN, spiA, ipfC and pagC, respectively. The remaining virulence genes were absent in all of the isolates. Based on the combination of the presence and absence of virulence genes, eight profiles were detected among these isolates, the most common genetic profile was V5 (each 32.1%). Based on this genetic profile at cut-off point 96.0%, both ERIC and BOX primers allowed for discrimination into 4 and 6 clusters or clones of 16 S. Typhimurium isolates, respectively. Results of PCR typing methods showed that, three strains clustered together using both ERIC-PCR and BOX-PCR typing methods and they had the same virulotype (V1), while other four strains also clustered together by both typing methods and had the same virulotype (V8).
Contamination of food with Salmonellae especially with S. Typhimurium was high and indicated a bad microbiological quality of food. This emphasizes the need for rigorous public health and food safety methods to lower the human health hazard and risk associated with Salmonellae infection.
{"title":"Occurrence and molecular characterization of Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Enteritidis isolates from contaminated food samples from Palestine","authors":"G Adwan, S Abuseir, O Khreishi, A Hussein, N Khraim, M Abed Al-Daym","doi":"10.12681/jhvms.31088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.31088","url":null,"abstract":"Salmonella is one of the most frequently isolated foodborne pathogens. It is of major public health concern worldwide. Poultry meat and eggs represent an important source of Salmonellae organism for consumer health. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium and Enteritidis using multiplex PCR (mPCR) among isolates collected from the local market and to assess genetic relationships between isolates of S. Typhimurium, which was the only serotype isolated from the tested food samples. This was done using virulence factors profiling and fingerprint profiling by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) and repetitive sequence PCR (REP-PCR) using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC-PCR) and interspersed repetitive DNA sequence BOXAIR-PCR.
 The overall occurrence percentage of S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis out of 51 isolates was 54.9% and 0.0%, respectively. Only 13 out of 17 virulence genes were detected in these isolates. The occurrence of the detected virulence genes among these isolates was 100%, 50.0%,46.4%, 39.3%, 35.7%, 35.7%, 32.1%, 25.0%, 25.0%, 17.6%, 14.3%, 14.3%, 3.6% for invA, sopB, prgH, sitC, pefA, tolC, cdtB, msgA, sifA, iroN, spiA, ipfC and pagC, respectively. The remaining virulence genes were absent in all of the isolates. Based on the combination of the presence and absence of virulence genes, eight profiles were detected among these isolates, the most common genetic profile was V5 (each 32.1%). Based on this genetic profile at cut-off point 96.0%, both ERIC and BOX primers allowed for discrimination into 4 and 6 clusters or clones of 16 S. Typhimurium isolates, respectively. Results of PCR typing methods showed that, three strains clustered together using both ERIC-PCR and BOX-PCR typing methods and they had the same virulotype (V1), while other four strains also clustered together by both typing methods and had the same virulotype (V8).
 Contamination of food with Salmonellae especially with S. Typhimurium was high and indicated a bad microbiological quality of food. This emphasizes the need for rigorous public health and food safety methods to lower the human health hazard and risk associated with Salmonellae infection.","PeriodicalId":17314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135942823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B Tras, K Uney, H Eser Faki, T Melik Parlak, Z Ozdemir Kutahya
The study was investigated the effect of different doses of levothyroxine on the mRNA expression, protein level and function of Pgp. Mice were divided into 6 groups as control, low dose levothyroxine, high dose levothyroxine, fexofenadine, low dose levothyroxine+fexofenadine and high dose levothyroxine+fexofenadine. Mice received levothyroxine at doses of 8 and 80 µg/kg daily for 21 days. Fexofenadine was administered at dose of 40 mg/kg at the 24 h following the last administration of levothyroxine. The mRNA levels and protein level of Pgp in liver and small intestine were determined by RT-PCR and western blot analysis, respectively. Plasma concentrations of fexofenadine were determined using HPLC. Levothyroxine at low and high doses caused an insignificant increase intestinal mRNA expression of mdr1a, while high dose levothyroxine+fexofenadine caused a significant increase. Levothyroxine caused a dose-dependent decrease in intestinal mRNA expression of mdr1b. In liver, levothyroxine caused a dose-dependent increase in the mRNA expression of mdr1a. Fexofenadine significantly reduced the effect of levothyroxine on mRNA expression of mdr1a in liver. Levothyroxine increased the protein level of Pgp in liver and decrease in intestines. Low dose levothyroxine significantly increased the plasma concentration of fexofenadine. The effects of levothyroxine on the mRNA expression of mdr1a and b in small intestine and liver and protein level of Pgp varied depending on the dose, tissue type, and fexofenadine administration.
{"title":"The effect of low- and high-dose levothyroxine on the expression, protein level, and function of P-glycoprotein in mice","authors":"B Tras, K Uney, H Eser Faki, T Melik Parlak, Z Ozdemir Kutahya","doi":"10.12681/jhvms.31421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.31421","url":null,"abstract":"The study was investigated the effect of different doses of levothyroxine on the mRNA expression, protein level and function of Pgp. Mice were divided into 6 groups as control, low dose levothyroxine, high dose levothyroxine, fexofenadine, low dose levothyroxine+fexofenadine and high dose levothyroxine+fexofenadine. Mice received levothyroxine at doses of 8 and 80 µg/kg daily for 21 days. Fexofenadine was administered at dose of 40 mg/kg at the 24 h following the last administration of levothyroxine. The mRNA levels and protein level of Pgp in liver and small intestine were determined by RT-PCR and western blot analysis, respectively. Plasma concentrations of fexofenadine were determined using HPLC. Levothyroxine at low and high doses caused an insignificant increase intestinal mRNA expression of mdr1a, while high dose levothyroxine+fexofenadine caused a significant increase. Levothyroxine caused a dose-dependent decrease in intestinal mRNA expression of mdr1b. In liver, levothyroxine caused a dose-dependent increase in the mRNA expression of mdr1a. Fexofenadine significantly reduced the effect of levothyroxine on mRNA expression of mdr1a in liver. Levothyroxine increased the protein level of Pgp in liver and decrease in intestines. Low dose levothyroxine significantly increased the plasma concentration of fexofenadine. The effects of levothyroxine on the mRNA expression of mdr1a and b in small intestine and liver and protein level of Pgp varied depending on the dose, tissue type, and fexofenadine administration.","PeriodicalId":17314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society","volume":"6 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135943705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to determine the effects of intramuscular administration of butorphanol with and without medetomidine on intraocular pressure (IOP) in cats. Sixteen clinically normal cats were used. Cats were randomly received two-treatment regimen. The first regimen was 0.2mg/kg butorphanol, and the second regimen was a mixture of 0.1mg/kg butorphanol and 0.05mg/kg medetomidine. IOP values were recorded before treatment (T0) and following the treatment at 10 (T10), 20 (T20), 30 (T30), and 40 min (T40) in both groups. Administration of butorphanol with and without medetomidine did not cause a statistically significant change in IOP values. The IOP did not change over time (p = 0.41). The mean values of IOP in butorphanol, and butorphanol-medetomidine groups were 20.00 ± 2.29 and 20.38 ± 2.35 mm Hg, respectively. In conclusion, intramuscular administration of butorphanol with or without medetomidine had no significant effect on IOP in cats.
本研究旨在确定肌注布托啡诺加美托咪定和不加美托咪定对猫眼压(IOP)的影响。使用16只临床正常的猫。猫随机接受两种治疗方案。第一方案为0.2mg/kg丁托酚，第二方案为0.1mg/kg丁托酚与0.05mg/kg美托咪定混合。分别记录两组患者治疗前(T0)和治疗后10 (T10)、20 (T20)、30 (T30)、40 min (T40)的IOP值。布托啡诺联合或不联合美托咪定均未引起IOP值的统计学显著变化。IOP没有随时间变化(p = 0.41)。布托啡诺组和布托啡诺-美托咪定组眼压平均值分别为20.00±2.29和20.38±2.35 mm Hg。综上所述，肌注布托啡诺加或不加美托咪定对猫眼压无显著影响。
{"title":"Effect of Butorphanol with and without Medetomidine on Intraocular Pressure in Cats","authors":"N Mohammadi, LE Yanmaz","doi":"10.12681/jhvms.26572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.26572","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to determine the effects of intramuscular administration of butorphanol with and without medetomidine on intraocular pressure (IOP) in cats. Sixteen clinically normal cats were used. Cats were randomly received two-treatment regimen. The first regimen was 0.2mg/kg butorphanol, and the second regimen was a mixture of 0.1mg/kg butorphanol and 0.05mg/kg medetomidine. IOP values were recorded before treatment (T0) and following the treatment at 10 (T10), 20 (T20), 30 (T30), and 40 min (T40) in both groups. Administration of butorphanol with and without medetomidine did not cause a statistically significant change in IOP values. The IOP did not change over time (p = 0.41). The mean values of IOP in butorphanol, and butorphanol-medetomidine groups were 20.00 ± 2.29 and 20.38 ± 2.35 mm Hg, respectively. In conclusion, intramuscular administration of butorphanol with or without medetomidine had no significant effect on IOP in cats.","PeriodicalId":17314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society","volume":"410 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136182115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I Ahmad, SW Audu, BY Kaltungo, SU Dandare, U Muhammad, AY Sadiq, B Bawa, U Abubakar
This paper describes a rabies outbreak in a bull-calf which led to euthanasia following manifestation of clinical signs of the disease. Infection was confirmed using a rapid immunochromatographic test of the homogenates from brain tissues (the brain stem, hippocampus and cerebellum) sample. Exposure to rabies virus (RABV) had resulted due to an attack by a free-roaming dog (FRD). Mass vaccination campaigns against rabies and improving biosecurity measures to limit access of free-roaming dogs to farms can prevent the occurrence of RABV in dogs, livestock animals and personnel at risk in Nigeria.
{"title":"A case of rabies outbreak in a bull-calf from Nigeria","authors":"I Ahmad, SW Audu, BY Kaltungo, SU Dandare, U Muhammad, AY Sadiq, B Bawa, U Abubakar","doi":"10.12681/jhvms.28685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.28685","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a rabies outbreak in a bull-calf which led to euthanasia following manifestation of clinical signs of the disease. Infection was confirmed using a rapid immunochromatographic test of the homogenates from brain tissues (the brain stem, hippocampus and cerebellum) sample. Exposure to rabies virus (RABV) had resulted due to an attack by a free-roaming dog (FRD). Mass vaccination campaigns against rabies and improving biosecurity measures to limit access of free-roaming dogs to farms can prevent the occurrence of RABV in dogs, livestock animals and personnel at risk in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":17314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136183576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study compared the oxidative stress indices in cattle and buffalo with foreign body syndrome (FBS). The study included 60 animals (32 buffalo and 28 cows). The animals were divided into the control group (10 healthy cows and 10 healthy buffalo). The diseased animals were divided based on the clinical signs and duration of illness as well as radiographic and ultrasonographic findings into the chronic traumatic reticuloperitonitis (TRP) group (13 cows and 12 buffalo), acute TRP group (5 buffalo), and traumatic pericarditis (TP) group (5 cows, 5 buffalo). Full case histories were obtained, and thorough clinical examinations were performed. Blood samples were obtained for hematological and biochemical analysis. The malondialdehyde (MDA) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased in all diseased animals’ groups, while the reduced glutathione (GSH) activity significantly decreased in all diseased animals’ groups than in the control group. The glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activity increased dramatically in cows with chronic TRP and significantly decreased in buffalo with chronic TRP and not significantly changed in the groups with acute TRP and TP. The catalase activity only increased in buffalo with TP. The total antioxidant capacity increased significantly in cows with chronic TRP and buffalo with acute TRP, indicating oxidative stress with the compensated antioxidant mechanism. Finally, both cattle and buffalo with acute and chronic TRP and TP showed an existing antioxidant capacity despite oxidative stress. There was a significant difference between cattle and buffalo in their response to oxidative damage, in which buffalo with chronic TRP showed a decompensation of the antioxidant capacity leading to chronic damage and fibrosis.
{"title":"A comparative study on oxidative stress indices among cattle and buffalo with foreign body syndrome","authors":"N Gomaa, NA Gomaa, NM Nassif, S Fawzy","doi":"10.12681/jhvms.28170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.28170","url":null,"abstract":"This study compared the oxidative stress indices in cattle and buffalo with foreign body syndrome (FBS). The study included 60 animals (32 buffalo and 28 cows). The animals were divided into the control group (10 healthy cows and 10 healthy buffalo). The diseased animals were divided based on the clinical signs and duration of illness as well as radiographic and ultrasonographic findings into the chronic traumatic reticuloperitonitis (TRP) group (13 cows and 12 buffalo), acute TRP group (5 buffalo), and traumatic pericarditis (TP) group (5 cows, 5 buffalo). Full case histories were obtained, and thorough clinical examinations were performed. Blood samples were obtained for hematological and biochemical analysis. The malondialdehyde (MDA) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased in all diseased animals’ groups, while the reduced glutathione (GSH) activity significantly decreased in all diseased animals’ groups than in the control group. The glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activity increased dramatically in cows with chronic TRP and significantly decreased in buffalo with chronic TRP and not significantly changed in the groups with acute TRP and TP. The catalase activity only increased in buffalo with TP. The total antioxidant capacity increased significantly in cows with chronic TRP and buffalo with acute TRP, indicating oxidative stress with the compensated antioxidant mechanism. Finally, both cattle and buffalo with acute and chronic TRP and TP showed an existing antioxidant capacity despite oxidative stress. There was a significant difference between cattle and buffalo in their response to oxidative damage, in which buffalo with chronic TRP showed a decompensation of the antioxidant capacity leading to chronic damage and fibrosis.","PeriodicalId":17314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136183582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Selenium, which is a good antioxidant, is an essential trace mineral and its organic forms are more available than inorganic forms. Dietary deficiency or excess of this trace mineral causes health problems in poultry, and therefore the amount of selenium in the diet is controversial. The current research was carried out to determine the effect of diets enriched with organic selenium on the performance, egg quality, and stored egg properties in laying quails. In the study, 120 laying quails were allocated to six treatment groups with 20 quails in each, with five subgroups. Quails were fed for 70 days with experimental diet containing 0.12 mg/kg selenium based on corn-soybean meal enriched with the addition of organic selenium (Sel-Plex) at 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, or 1.0 mg/kg. Body weight change decreased linearly with the addition of 0.6 mg/kg and further levels of organic selenium (P<0.05). Feed intake quadratically increased with the supplementation of organic selenium up to 0.8 mg/kg, but it was minimum at 1.0 mg/kg (P<0.05). The eggshell quality parameters were not affected by the administration of organic selenium to the diet (P>0.05). Albumen pH linearly decreased with organic selenium supplementation up to the level of 0.60 mg/kg, but increased with the addition of higher levels of organic selenium (P<0.05). With the addition of organic selenium to the diet, yolk L* and b* values quadratically and linearly decreased respectively, while a* value increased linearly (P<0.01). Albumen pH value of stored eggs was linearly decreased by treatments (P<0.01), but other parameters did not affect (P>0.05). As a result, it was determined that laying quails can be fed with diets enriched with organic selenium up to 0.4 mg/kg and the eggs could maintain the freshness for a longer time in during storage.
{"title":"Effect of Enrichment of Laying Quail Diets with Organic Selenium on Performance and Fresh and Stored Egg Quality","authors":"ET Gül, O Olgun, A Yıldız","doi":"10.12681/jhvms.30512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.30512","url":null,"abstract":"Selenium, which is a good antioxidant, is an essential trace mineral and its organic forms are more available than inorganic forms. Dietary deficiency or excess of this trace mineral causes health problems in poultry, and therefore the amount of selenium in the diet is controversial. The current research was carried out to determine the effect of diets enriched with organic selenium on the performance, egg quality, and stored egg properties in laying quails. In the study, 120 laying quails were allocated to six treatment groups with 20 quails in each, with five subgroups. Quails were fed for 70 days with experimental diet containing 0.12 mg/kg selenium based on corn-soybean meal enriched with the addition of organic selenium (Sel-Plex) at 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, or 1.0 mg/kg. Body weight change decreased linearly with the addition of 0.6 mg/kg and further levels of organic selenium (P<0.05). Feed intake quadratically increased with the supplementation of organic selenium up to 0.8 mg/kg, but it was minimum at 1.0 mg/kg (P<0.05). The eggshell quality parameters were not affected by the administration of organic selenium to the diet (P>0.05). Albumen pH linearly decreased with organic selenium supplementation up to the level of 0.60 mg/kg, but increased with the addition of higher levels of organic selenium (P<0.05). With the addition of organic selenium to the diet, yolk L* and b* values quadratically and linearly decreased respectively, while a* value increased linearly (P<0.01). Albumen pH value of stored eggs was linearly decreased by treatments (P<0.01), but other parameters did not affect (P>0.05). As a result, it was determined that laying quails can be fed with diets enriched with organic selenium up to 0.4 mg/kg and the eggs could maintain the freshness for a longer time in during storage.","PeriodicalId":17314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136183580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F Ahmad, H Khan, K Khan, FA Khan, N Ahmad, M Saeed, T Ayasan
Mycotoxins are ubiquitous in the environment and occur naturally in human food and animal feed. Therefore, in this study the performance, haematobiochemical profiles, macroscopic and histopathological lesions in quails caused by ochratoxin (OTA) were examined. The OTA was obtained by culturing the spore of Aspergillus ochraceus. Sixty healthy male quails were selected and distributed into 12 replicates (5 quails per replicate) in a completely randomized block arrangement. Each experimental diet was assigned to 4 replicate groups. Quails in first group were fed on standard basal diet (CP 27%) without the addition of OTA (OTA-0; negative control), while in other groups OTA was incorporated in basal diet at 1 mg/kg (OTA-1) and 2 mg/kg (OTA-2) of basal diet, respectively. The feeding trial continued for 21 days experimental period. Clinical signs observed in OTA-fed birds were diarrhea, broken feathers, increased water intake, and depression. In addition, lower (p < 0.05) feed intake was reported in OTA-fed quails. Likewise, weight gain was reduced (p < 0.05) in OTA-fed groups. Gross lesions of hypertrophy, hemorrhages, paleness and friability were detected in the liver and kidney of OTA-treated birds. Microscopic examination of kidney and liver showed degeneration and sloughing of tubular epithelium in the kidney, narrowing of the lumen of kidney tubules, and hepatic fatty infiltration and necrosis of liver parenchyma. The serum Alanine transaminase, Aspartate transaminase, urea, and creatinine levels of OTA-fed birds were higher (p < 0.05) than OTA-0. However, serum total protein and albumin were lower (p < 0.05) in OTA-treated groups in a dose- dependent manner. Likely, red blood cell count, packed cell volume, and hemoglobin concentration were lower (p < 0.05) in OTA-treated groups. The results of this study indicate that OTA at ≥ 1 mg/kg feed is nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic, and cause hematobiochemical disorder in quails, which adversely affect their growth performance and may eventually lead to economic losses.
{"title":"Effects of ochratoxin on the performance, haematobiochemical profile, macroscopic and histopathological lesions in quails (Coturnix coturnix Japonica)","authors":"F Ahmad, H Khan, K Khan, FA Khan, N Ahmad, M Saeed, T Ayasan","doi":"10.12681/jhvms.30561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.30561","url":null,"abstract":"Mycotoxins are ubiquitous in the environment and occur naturally in human food and animal feed. Therefore, in this study the performance, haematobiochemical profiles, macroscopic and histopathological lesions in quails caused by ochratoxin (OTA) were examined. The OTA was obtained by culturing the spore of Aspergillus ochraceus. Sixty healthy male quails were selected and distributed into 12 replicates (5 quails per replicate) in a completely randomized block arrangement. Each experimental diet was assigned to 4 replicate groups. Quails in first group were fed on standard basal diet (CP 27%) without the addition of OTA (OTA-0; negative control), while in other groups OTA was incorporated in basal diet at 1 mg/kg (OTA-1) and 2 mg/kg (OTA-2) of basal diet, respectively. The feeding trial continued for 21 days experimental period. Clinical signs observed in OTA-fed birds were diarrhea, broken feathers, increased water intake, and depression. In addition, lower (p < 0.05) feed intake was reported in OTA-fed quails. Likewise, weight gain was reduced (p < 0.05) in OTA-fed groups. Gross lesions of hypertrophy, hemorrhages, paleness and friability were detected in the liver and kidney of OTA-treated birds. Microscopic examination of kidney and liver showed degeneration and sloughing of tubular epithelium in the kidney, narrowing of the lumen of kidney tubules, and hepatic fatty infiltration and necrosis of liver parenchyma. The serum Alanine transaminase, Aspartate transaminase, urea, and creatinine levels of OTA-fed birds were higher (p < 0.05) than OTA-0. However, serum total protein and albumin were lower (p < 0.05) in OTA-treated groups in a dose- dependent manner. Likely, red blood cell count, packed cell volume, and hemoglobin concentration were lower (p < 0.05) in OTA-treated groups. The results of this study indicate that OTA at ≥ 1 mg/kg feed is nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic, and cause hematobiochemical disorder in quails, which adversely affect their growth performance and may eventually lead to economic losses.","PeriodicalId":17314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136183575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Feline Panleukopenia virus (FPLV) and Canine Parvovirus type 2 (CPV) cause fatal gastroenteritis in cats and dogs. In this study we developed a duplex polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) assay for the concurrent detection of FPLV and CPV-2 in a single PCR tube. Two primers were used based on nucleic acid conserved regions of the two viruses which specifically amplify 237 bp of the VP2 gene of FPLV and 583 bp of the VP2 gene of CPV 2.Sensitivity and Specificity of the dPCR were evaluated. A total of 30 rectal/fecal swabs were collected from domestic cats in Kafrelsheikh province, Egypt and were tested for FPLV and CPV-2 viruses using the dPCR assay. The results revealed that this dPCR assay was sensitive, as it could detect a minimum of 1 × 105 copies of genomic DNA of the two viruses. The dPCR assay was highly specific as there was no amplification of nucleic acid of other feline and canine pathogens. The positive ratio was 83.3% (25/30) for FPLV and 16.6% (5/30) for CPV respectively. Further analyses of CPV samples by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) revealed that they are classified as CPV 2a/2b variants. This study reports the first detection of CPV 2a/2b from symptomatic cats in Egypt using dPCR assay that can detect FPLV and CPV in a single tube reaction.
{"title":"First report of detection of Canine Parvovirus type 2 in naturally infected domestic cats in Egypt by duplex PCR for simultaneous detection of Canine Parvovirus type 2 and Feline Panleukopenia virus","authors":"AF Magouz, I Elkon, E Khaled, N Alkhalefa","doi":"10.12681/jhvms.28838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.28838","url":null,"abstract":"Feline Panleukopenia virus (FPLV) and Canine Parvovirus type 2 (CPV) cause fatal gastroenteritis in cats and dogs. In this study we developed a duplex polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) assay for the concurrent detection of FPLV and CPV-2 in a single PCR tube. Two primers were used based on nucleic acid conserved regions of the two viruses which specifically amplify 237 bp of the VP2 gene of FPLV and 583 bp of the VP2 gene of CPV 2.Sensitivity and Specificity of the dPCR were evaluated. A total of 30 rectal/fecal swabs were collected from domestic cats in Kafrelsheikh province, Egypt and were tested for FPLV and CPV-2 viruses using the dPCR assay. The results revealed that this dPCR assay was sensitive, as it could detect a minimum of 1 × 105 copies of genomic DNA of the two viruses. The dPCR assay was highly specific as there was no amplification of nucleic acid of other feline and canine pathogens. The positive ratio was 83.3% (25/30) for FPLV and 16.6% (5/30) for CPV respectively. Further analyses of CPV samples by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) revealed that they are classified as CPV 2a/2b variants. This study reports the first detection of CPV 2a/2b from symptomatic cats in Egypt using dPCR assay that can detect FPLV and CPV in a single tube reaction.","PeriodicalId":17314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136183578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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