Carine C. Hedji, A. Adenilé, D. M. B. Houndjo, M. Houinato, E. Fiogbé
The study aimed to evaluate the effect of chicken and fish viscera used as feed supplement in pigs on fattening. Ninety crossbreed (Local x Large White) weaned pigs of 12 weeks old, weighing on average 9.5kg were divided into five groups of eighteen. Each group was assigned to one of the five diets contained 0% (control), 0, 1.5, 3.5 and 5% of chicken viscera and respectively 0% (control), 5, 3.5, 1.5 and 0% of fish viscera for 90 days. Haematological parameters like Packed cell volume (PCV), Haemoglobin (Hb), Red blood cell (RBC), White blood cell (WBC), Mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) were studied. After 90 days of rearing, four pigs from each group were slaughtered for carcass trait analysis. Offal and carcass weights and carcass length were recorded. Results showed that the haematological parameters weren’t different (P>0.05) among treatments. The RBC and WBC of the control group A0 was higher than those of dietary treatments and the standard value. In addition some value of platelets were lower than the minimum value adapted from Coronado 2014.
{"title":"Hematological and carcass characteristics of crossbred local and large white pigs fed with graded levels of chicken and fish viscera as feed supplement","authors":"Carine C. Hedji, A. Adenilé, D. M. B. Houndjo, M. Houinato, E. Fiogbé","doi":"10.14196/SJVA.V4I7.1928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJVA.V4I7.1928","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to evaluate the effect of chicken and fish viscera used as feed supplement in pigs on fattening. Ninety crossbreed (Local x Large White) weaned pigs of 12 weeks old, weighing on average 9.5kg were divided into five groups of eighteen. Each group was assigned to one of the five diets contained 0% (control), 0, 1.5, 3.5 and 5% of chicken viscera and respectively 0% (control), 5, 3.5, 1.5 and 0% of fish viscera for 90 days. Haematological parameters like Packed cell volume (PCV), Haemoglobin (Hb), Red blood cell (RBC), White blood cell (WBC), Mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) were studied. After 90 days of rearing, four pigs from each group were slaughtered for carcass trait analysis. Offal and carcass weights and carcass length were recorded. Results showed that the haematological parameters weren’t different (P>0.05) among treatments. The RBC and WBC of the control group A0 was higher than those of dietary treatments and the standard value. In addition some value of platelets were lower than the minimum value adapted from Coronado 2014.","PeriodicalId":17430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Advances","volume":"25 1","pages":"51-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82250716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-30DOI: 10.5455/JVA.20150810014339
B. Abubakar, B. Maikai, I. Ajogi, G. R. Otolorin
Giardiasis is a major cause of diarrhoea in both humans and animals. In developing countries such as Nigeria, the disease has important Veterinary and public health consequences. This study determined the prevalence of Giardia cysts in dog faeces in Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria and its Public Health Significance. Four hundred and two (402) dog faecal samples were collected and examined for Giardia cysts using zinc sulphate flotation technique. Of the 402 dog faecal samples examined, 70 (17.4%) were positive for Giardia cysts. Giardia cysts were higher in male dogs (18.9%) than in females (15.6%). Higher prevalence of Giardia cysts were observed in puppies ( 6months) (16.7%). Also higher prevalence of Giardia cysts was observed in cross/exotic breeds (20.9%) as compared to local breeds (16.4%). There was no statistical association between the prevalence of Giardia cysts and dogs with diarrhoea, sex, age and breed (P>0.05). There was a higher prevalence (15.7%) of Giardia cysts in strayed dogs than in confined dogs (14.6%). There was statistical significant association (P=0.01) between Giardia cysts and straying of dogs. Purpose of keeping dogs as Pet (OR: 0.36; 95% C I on OR 0.05) This research provides useful information on the prevalence of Giardia cysts in household dogs, which may help regulatory bodies and Government agencies in making policies in controlling Giardiasis in the study area.
{"title":"Prevalence of Giardia Cysts in Household Dog Faeces within Zaria Metropolis, Kaduna State, Nigeria and its Public Health Significance -","authors":"B. Abubakar, B. Maikai, I. Ajogi, G. R. Otolorin","doi":"10.5455/JVA.20150810014339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JVA.20150810014339","url":null,"abstract":"Giardiasis is a major cause of diarrhoea in both humans and animals. In developing countries such as Nigeria, the disease has important Veterinary and public health consequences. This study determined the prevalence of Giardia cysts in dog faeces in Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria and its Public Health Significance. Four hundred and two (402) dog faecal samples were collected and examined for Giardia cysts using zinc sulphate flotation technique. Of the 402 dog faecal samples examined, 70 (17.4%) were positive for Giardia cysts. Giardia cysts were higher in male dogs (18.9%) than in females (15.6%). Higher prevalence of Giardia cysts were observed in puppies ( 6months) (16.7%). Also higher prevalence of Giardia cysts was observed in cross/exotic breeds (20.9%) as compared to local breeds (16.4%). There was no statistical association between the prevalence of Giardia cysts and dogs with diarrhoea, sex, age and breed (P>0.05). There was a higher prevalence (15.7%) of Giardia cysts in strayed dogs than in confined dogs (14.6%). There was statistical significant association (P=0.01) between Giardia cysts and straying of dogs. Purpose of keeping dogs as Pet (OR: 0.36; 95% C I on OR 0.05) This research provides useful information on the prevalence of Giardia cysts in household dogs, which may help regulatory bodies and Government agencies in making policies in controlling Giardiasis in the study area.","PeriodicalId":17430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Advances","volume":"1 1","pages":"1053-1057"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79940824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-30DOI: 10.5455/JVA.20150623092229
Demsasha Tolera, Tamiru Denka
A total of 404 working equines 205 horses, 148 donkeys and 51 mules were the study subjects to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors for the occurrence of external injuries (wound) in equines in Gondar town, Maksegnet and Chilga districts of North Gondar Zone. The study revealed an overall prevalence of 50.7% external injuries. Species difference was highly significant (χ2 = 9.3, P < 0.05%). Higher prevalence was recorded in horses (58%) than that of mules (47.1%) and donkeys (41.9%). Age was statistically significant (χ2= 29.7, p<0.05) and higher prevalence was noticed in animals over 15 years of age (85.5%) than that of the others age groups [11-15] (57.7%), [6-10] (49.8%) and in ≤5 (3.8%).Type of service was found statistically significant (χ2= 6.5, p<0.05) in equines used for transportation of load (55.1%) than those used for transportation of people (41.5%). Harnessing material affect significantly for the occurrence of injuries (χ2=17.08, p<0.05). Plastic harnessing materials were found causing more injury (60%) than those used leather (39.1%). Injuries were found more severe in mules (79.2%) than in horse (65.5%) and donkeys (59.7%). Injuries caused by improper harnessing were more prevalent in horses (58.8%) than mules (50%) and donkeys (35.5%). The proportion on the distribution of injuries on body parts was higher on the back (33.2%) than in other body parts. This study showed that external injuries were the major health problem of working equines in and around Gondar town. Hence comprehensive equine health and welfare promotion program is crucial to lessen the problem.
{"title":"Injuries are the Predominant Cause of Deviation in the Health of Working Equines in and Around Gondar Town, North West Ethiopia External","authors":"Demsasha Tolera, Tamiru Denka","doi":"10.5455/JVA.20150623092229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JVA.20150623092229","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 404 working equines 205 horses, 148 donkeys and 51 mules were the study subjects to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors for the occurrence of external injuries (wound) in equines in Gondar town, Maksegnet and Chilga districts of North Gondar Zone. The study revealed an overall prevalence of 50.7% external injuries. Species difference was highly significant (χ2 = 9.3, P < 0.05%). Higher prevalence was recorded in horses (58%) than that of mules (47.1%) and donkeys (41.9%). Age was statistically significant (χ2= 29.7, p<0.05) and higher prevalence was noticed in animals over 15 years of age (85.5%) than that of the others age groups [11-15] (57.7%), [6-10] (49.8%) and in ≤5 (3.8%).Type of service was found statistically significant (χ2= 6.5, p<0.05) in equines used for transportation of load (55.1%) than those used for transportation of people (41.5%). Harnessing material affect significantly for the occurrence of injuries (χ2=17.08, p<0.05). Plastic harnessing materials were found causing more injury (60%) than those used leather (39.1%). Injuries were found more severe in mules (79.2%) than in horse (65.5%) and donkeys (59.7%). Injuries caused by improper harnessing were more prevalent in horses (58.8%) than mules (50%) and donkeys (35.5%). The proportion on the distribution of injuries on body parts was higher on the back (33.2%) than in other body parts. This study showed that external injuries were the major health problem of working equines in and around Gondar town. Hence comprehensive equine health and welfare promotion program is crucial to lessen the problem.","PeriodicalId":17430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Advances","volume":"18 1","pages":"1071-1078"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77330658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-30DOI: 10.5455/JVA.20150810014434
O. Sawesi, K. Milad, S. El-khodery
Colic is a serious clinical condition affecting the welfare and survival of horses at the studs worldwide. However little is known about the incidence or risk factors associated with this condition among different horse groups or populations in Libya. In this work, we assessed the risk factors associated with impaction colic in horses in western part of Libya. Diagnosis was based on clinical findings and rectal examination. A questionnaire was constructed to assess the risk factors. Data analysis was performed by logistic regression analysis. Eighty-three horses were showing signs of impaction colic. Final multivariate logistic regression model showed that there was a significant association between the occurrence of impaction colic and previous exposure to colic (p < 0.5 ; OR: 1.9; 95% CI: 7.5-8.9 ), Dental diseases (p < 0.05 ; OR: 3.2 95% CI:1.1-9.5), racing (p < 0.5 ; OR: 4.2 95% CI: 3.9-4.5 ), and breed (d < 0.05; OR: 86.9; 95% CI:2.3-3.2. The results of the present study indicate that managemental risk factors are the major risks for impaction colic in race horses. Identification of risk factors may assist the clinician to construct effective preventive measures.
{"title":"Risk Factors Associated with Impaction Colic in Horses at North Western Area of Libya","authors":"O. Sawesi, K. Milad, S. El-khodery","doi":"10.5455/JVA.20150810014434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JVA.20150810014434","url":null,"abstract":"Colic is a serious clinical condition affecting the welfare and survival of horses at the studs worldwide. However little is known about the incidence or risk factors associated with this condition among different horse groups or populations in Libya. In this work, we assessed the risk factors associated with impaction colic in horses in western part of Libya. Diagnosis was based on clinical findings and rectal examination. A questionnaire was constructed to assess the risk factors. Data analysis was performed by logistic regression analysis. Eighty-three horses were showing signs of impaction colic. Final multivariate logistic regression model showed that there was a significant association between the occurrence of impaction colic and previous exposure to colic (p < 0.5 ; OR: 1.9; 95% CI: 7.5-8.9 ), Dental diseases (p < 0.05 ; OR: 3.2 95% CI:1.1-9.5), racing (p < 0.5 ; OR: 4.2 95% CI: 3.9-4.5 ), and breed (d < 0.05; OR: 86.9; 95% CI:2.3-3.2. The results of the present study indicate that managemental risk factors are the major risks for impaction colic in race horses. Identification of risk factors may assist the clinician to construct effective preventive measures.","PeriodicalId":17430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Advances","volume":"28 1","pages":"1064-1070"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77955189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Pam, S. Landan, D. Pam, J. F. Gullek, J. Okoro, K. Ogbu, C. Bot, A. O. Akinyera
Malaria and typhoid fever are both endemic in the tropics and pregnant women constitute one of the high risk groups. The objective is to determine the rate of malaria- typhoid co-infection in pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Wuse general hospital Abuja, Nigeria.A study of malaria infection and typhoid fever on the pregnant women attending wuse general hospital and its haematological parameters was carried out between April and May, 2015 in Abuja. Blood samples were collected and examined for malaria and typhoid using widal agglutination method and P. falciparium antigens rapid test device respectively. Of the 200 sampled, 16(8%) were infected with malaria parasite while 77 (38.5%) were infected with typhoid, 9(4.5%) had the malaria typhoid co-infection. More co-infection 7(10.6%) was recorded among primigravidae than the multigravidae 2 (2.2%) these differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05, df =1, X 2 cal= 8.5462, X 2 tab= 3.841). Highest prevalence was recorded among those in their first trimester 6 (8.9%) and lowest among those in the third trimester 0 (0%), these differences were also statistically significant (P < 0.05, df =1, X 2 cal= 4.3292, X 2 tab= 5.991). The study showed that typhoidfever was complicated by malaria in pregnancy in at least 38.5% of the cases and this has a far reaching effect on adverse pregnancy outcome. This has immense public health implication.
{"title":"The prevalence of malaria and typhoid co-infection in pregnant women attending antenatal in Wuse general hospital Abuja, Nigeria","authors":"V. Pam, S. Landan, D. Pam, J. F. Gullek, J. Okoro, K. Ogbu, C. Bot, A. O. Akinyera","doi":"10.14196/SJVA.V4I6.1944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJVA.V4I6.1944","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria and typhoid fever are both endemic in the tropics and pregnant women constitute one of the high risk groups. The objective is to determine the rate of malaria- typhoid co-infection in pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Wuse general hospital Abuja, Nigeria.A study of malaria infection and typhoid fever on the pregnant women attending wuse general hospital and its haematological parameters was carried out between April and May, 2015 in Abuja. Blood samples were collected and examined for malaria and typhoid using widal agglutination method and P. falciparium antigens rapid test device respectively. Of the 200 sampled, 16(8%) were infected with malaria parasite while 77 (38.5%) were infected with typhoid, 9(4.5%) had the malaria typhoid co-infection. More co-infection 7(10.6%) was recorded among primigravidae than the multigravidae 2 (2.2%) these differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05, df =1, X 2 cal= 8.5462, X 2 tab= 3.841). Highest prevalence was recorded among those in their first trimester 6 (8.9%) and lowest among those in the third trimester 0 (0%), these differences were also statistically significant (P < 0.05, df =1, X 2 cal= 4.3292, X 2 tab= 5.991). The study showed that typhoidfever was complicated by malaria in pregnancy in at least 38.5% of the cases and this has a far reaching effect on adverse pregnancy outcome. This has immense public health implication.","PeriodicalId":17430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Advances","volume":"13 1","pages":"39-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78179471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This experiment was conducted at Bayero University Kano, to determine the Utilization and digestibility of Soyabean meal Residue (SMR) and Rice Milling Waste by Yankasa ram lambs. The 20 animals were fed with a complete diet containing graded levels of SMR and RMW at 0, (A) 5 (B), 10 (C), 15(D) and 20% (E). The trial lasted for 21 days (14 days for adaptation and 7 days for collection of faecal samples). Harness bags were used for the collection of faecal samples, which was fitted in the last 7 days of adaptability. Results obtained revealed that DM digestibility (%) was significantly higher (P 0.05) between each other. Value obtained for treatment E were comparable (P>0.05) with treatment A. CP digestibility, value for treatment E (89.95%) was significantly higher (P 0.05). Treatments B (84.36%) and C (86.37%) were similar (P>0.05) but significantly higher than those for treatments A (81.31%) and D (85.24%) with the lowest value in treatment D. The EE digestibility values obtained were significantly higher (P 0.05) between each other. Similarly, values for treatments B, C and D were similar (P>0.05). Ash digestibility values for treatments A (62.27%), B (56.59%) and C (58.27%) did not differ significantly (P>0.05) between one another but were significantly lower (P<0.05) than those for treatments D (67.34%) and E (70.31%) whose values did not differ significantly between each other. Therefore, feeding combination of RMW and SMR to growing Yankasa ram lambs up to 20% inclusion improved digestibility and performance and reduce cost of production. It is recommended that more trial should be conducted with higher inclusion level and with different breeds of Sheep.
{"title":"Nutrients digestibility of rice milling waste (RMW) and soybean meal residue (SMR) combination fed to Yankasa ram lambs in a fragile ecosystem Nigeria","authors":"M. Garba, L. A. Saulawa","doi":"10.14196/SJVA.V4I5.1943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJVA.V4I5.1943","url":null,"abstract":"This experiment was conducted at Bayero University Kano, to determine the Utilization and digestibility of Soyabean meal Residue (SMR) and Rice Milling Waste by Yankasa ram lambs. The 20 animals were fed with a complete diet containing graded levels of SMR and RMW at 0, (A) 5 (B), 10 (C), 15(D) and 20% (E). The trial lasted for 21 days (14 days for adaptation and 7 days for collection of faecal samples). Harness bags were used for the collection of faecal samples, which was fitted in the last 7 days of adaptability. Results obtained revealed that DM digestibility (%) was significantly higher (P 0.05) between each other. Value obtained for treatment E were comparable (P>0.05) with treatment A. CP digestibility, value for treatment E (89.95%) was significantly higher (P 0.05). Treatments B (84.36%) and C (86.37%) were similar (P>0.05) but significantly higher than those for treatments A (81.31%) and D (85.24%) with the lowest value in treatment D. The EE digestibility values obtained were significantly higher (P 0.05) between each other. Similarly, values for treatments B, C and D were similar (P>0.05). Ash digestibility values for treatments A (62.27%), B (56.59%) and C (58.27%) did not differ significantly (P>0.05) between one another but were significantly lower (P<0.05) than those for treatments D (67.34%) and E (70.31%) whose values did not differ significantly between each other. Therefore, feeding combination of RMW and SMR to growing Yankasa ram lambs up to 20% inclusion improved digestibility and performance and reduce cost of production. It is recommended that more trial should be conducted with higher inclusion level and with different breeds of Sheep.","PeriodicalId":17430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Advances","volume":"1 1","pages":"32-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87464409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-30DOI: 10.5455/JVA.20150519043017
M. Atwa, M. E. Shahidy, M. E. Trabili, E. Shalakamy, A. Yousef
RVF virus is a member of the genus Phlebovirus, belongs to the Bunyaviridea family, RVFV is an enveloped virus with a diameter of 90 to 110 nm and a core element of 80 to 85 nm. The viral genome consists of single-stranded, segmented tripartited RNA, among which the large (L) and medium (M) segments are negative polarity, and the small (S) segment is ambisense polarity. The RNA of S segment of ZH501VSVRI was extracted then it converts to cDNA and ampilified by Conventional PCR. Electrophoresis of PCR product was done. The DNA band was sliced from the gel and purified followed by sequencing. The resultant sequence was aligned with those of previously characterized RVF viruses by using Bioedit program which revealed three nucleotide substitutions and these lead to presence of three mutations in translating amino acid in non-structure S protein (Ns S).
{"title":"Sequence Analysis of S Segment of Rift Valley Fever Virus Used for Vaccine Production in Egypt","authors":"M. Atwa, M. E. Shahidy, M. E. Trabili, E. Shalakamy, A. Yousef","doi":"10.5455/JVA.20150519043017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JVA.20150519043017","url":null,"abstract":"RVF virus is a member of the genus Phlebovirus, belongs to the Bunyaviridea family, RVFV is an enveloped virus with a diameter of 90 to 110 nm and a core element of 80 to 85 nm. The viral genome consists of single-stranded, segmented tripartited RNA, among which the large (L) and medium (M) segments are negative polarity, and the small (S) segment is ambisense polarity. The RNA of S segment of ZH501VSVRI was extracted then it converts to cDNA and ampilified by Conventional PCR. Electrophoresis of PCR product was done. The DNA band was sliced from the gel and purified followed by sequencing. The resultant sequence was aligned with those of previously characterized RVF viruses by using Bioedit program which revealed three nucleotide substitutions and these lead to presence of three mutations in translating amino acid in non-structure S protein (Ns S).","PeriodicalId":17430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Advances","volume":"61 1","pages":"925-937"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83030278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-30DOI: 10.5455/JVA.20150517030744
M. Akasha, A. Kerban, S. Abobaker
Nitrate is a wide extend pollutant of ground and surface water. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of nitrate on the body weight, food and water consumption as well as thyroid hormone in hybrid female rabbits. Forty-five, six week-old of female New Zealand White rabbits were randomly assigned to five experimental groups according to concentration of nitrate in the drinking water (I- control, II, 64 mg/l, III78.2mg/l, IV- 144 mg/l and V-200 mg/l) for 15 weeks. Body weights as well as water and food consumption were determined weekly for each group, and blood plasma for Triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxin (T4) levels were measured biweekly by enzyme immunoassay using ELISA. A significant dose-dependent decrease in the feed and water consumption was observed in young rabbits, as well as a sudden stop in increase in body weight at age of 12 weeks in rabbits exposure to 144 and 200 mg/l of nitrate and at age of 16 weeks in rabbits drinking water containing 78.2 and 64 mg/l, where, they start to become gradually decrease in their body weight as compare to control group in which they continue to increase until the end of experiment. The mean values of T3 and T4 were significant (P< 0.05) higher in control group as compare with other group. Moreover, the lowest value of T3 and T4 was observed in rabbit drinking water containing 200 mg/l. In conclusion, young rabbits drinking water with high concentrations of nitrate were found to effect the growth, body weight, water and food consumption as well as decrease in thyroid function in dose-depending manner.
{"title":"Effect of Nitrate on the Body Weight, Food and Water Consumption and Thyroid Hormone in Hybrid Female Rabbits","authors":"M. Akasha, A. Kerban, S. Abobaker","doi":"10.5455/JVA.20150517030744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JVA.20150517030744","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrate is a wide extend pollutant of ground and surface water. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of nitrate on the body weight, food and water consumption as well as thyroid hormone in hybrid female rabbits. Forty-five, six week-old of female New Zealand White rabbits were randomly assigned to five experimental groups according to concentration of nitrate in the drinking water (I- control, II, 64 mg/l, III78.2mg/l, IV- 144 mg/l and V-200 mg/l) for 15 weeks. Body weights as well as water and food consumption were determined weekly for each group, and blood plasma for Triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxin (T4) levels were measured biweekly by enzyme immunoassay using ELISA. A significant dose-dependent decrease in the feed and water consumption was observed in young rabbits, as well as a sudden stop in increase in body weight at age of 12 weeks in rabbits exposure to 144 and 200 mg/l of nitrate and at age of 16 weeks in rabbits drinking water containing 78.2 and 64 mg/l, where, they start to become gradually decrease in their body weight as compare to control group in which they continue to increase until the end of experiment. The mean values of T3 and T4 were significant (P< 0.05) higher in control group as compare with other group. Moreover, the lowest value of T3 and T4 was observed in rabbit drinking water containing 200 mg/l. In conclusion, young rabbits drinking water with high concentrations of nitrate were found to effect the growth, body weight, water and food consumption as well as decrease in thyroid function in dose-depending manner.","PeriodicalId":17430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Advances","volume":"18 1","pages":"912-918"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77608098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-30DOI: 10.5455/JVA.20150507071046
A. Uduak
Salmonellosis is one of the major foodborne disease of significant public health concern. Salmonellosis is considered as one of the most wide spread foodborne zoonosis in industrialized as well as developing countries. It is commonly found in the gastrointestinal tracts of animals and has been commonly associated with foods such as raw meat, poultry, eggs and dairy products. Poultry and poultry products derived from poultry are believed to make up fifty percent of the total vehicle of transmission of salmonella. Typhoid and non-typhoid salmonellosis remain major public health problems and are clearly the most economically important food borne disease. In many countries, the incidence of salmonellosis has markedly increased; however, paucity of good surveillance data exists. Salmonella has five different pathogenicity islands that encodes the majority of the virulence genes used for invasion and evasion of the host. The purpose of this review is to discuss the epidemiology, salmonella pathogenicity islands, invasion, molecular diagnosis, and global regional control and prevention strategies.
{"title":"Epidemiology of Poultry Salmonellosis: A Review","authors":"A. Uduak","doi":"10.5455/JVA.20150507071046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JVA.20150507071046","url":null,"abstract":"Salmonellosis is one of the major foodborne disease of significant public health concern. Salmonellosis is considered as one of the most wide spread foodborne zoonosis in industrialized as well as developing countries. It is commonly found in the gastrointestinal tracts of animals and has been commonly associated with foods such as raw meat, poultry, eggs and dairy products. Poultry and poultry products derived from poultry are believed to make up fifty percent of the total vehicle of transmission of salmonella. Typhoid and non-typhoid salmonellosis remain major public health problems and are clearly the most economically important food borne disease. In many countries, the incidence of salmonellosis has markedly increased; however, paucity of good surveillance data exists. Salmonella has five different pathogenicity islands that encodes the majority of the virulence genes used for invasion and evasion of the host. The purpose of this review is to discuss the epidemiology, salmonella pathogenicity islands, invasion, molecular diagnosis, and global regional control and prevention strategies.","PeriodicalId":17430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Advances","volume":"29 1","pages":"902-911"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77935956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Okoye, D. Ogwu, J. Ihedioha, I. Ochiogu, C. Abiaezute, E. Mbegbu
This study investigated the effects of oral administration of methanolic leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis (MLETO) on the reproductive indices of female albino rats. Fifty-six Sprague-Dawley albino rats (42 females and 14 males) were used for the study. The females were randomly assigned into 7 groups (designated A, B, C, D, E, F and G). Group A received only distilled water, while groups B and C received 200 and 800 mg/kg body weight of MLETO for the first 7 days of gestation; groups D and E received 200 and 800 mg/kg of MLETO for the first 14 days, and groups F and G received 200 and 800 mg/kg of MLETO for the entire 21 days of gestation respectively. The males were only used in mating the females. The number of return to estrus per pregnancy, number of implanted/developing conceptuses, gestation length, litter size at birth, litter weight at birth, crown-rump length at birth and aborting rat were assessed. Quantal pregnancy, implantation index, viability index, birth index, live-birth index and percentage aborted were calculated. Serum progesterone was also assayed. There were no significant ( P > 0.05 ) variations between the groups in all the reproductive indices assessed and also on the serum progesterone level. It was concluded that administration of MLETO as used in this study had no significant effect on the reproductive indices and serum progesterone levels of pregnant rats.
{"title":"Effects of methanolic leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis (Hook f.) on the reproductive indices of female albino rats","authors":"C. Okoye, D. Ogwu, J. Ihedioha, I. Ochiogu, C. Abiaezute, E. Mbegbu","doi":"10.14196/SJVA.V4I4.1865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJVA.V4I4.1865","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the effects of oral administration of methanolic leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis (MLETO) on the reproductive indices of female albino rats. Fifty-six Sprague-Dawley albino rats (42 females and 14 males) were used for the study. The females were randomly assigned into 7 groups (designated A, B, C, D, E, F and G). Group A received only distilled water, while groups B and C received 200 and 800 mg/kg body weight of MLETO for the first 7 days of gestation; groups D and E received 200 and 800 mg/kg of MLETO for the first 14 days, and groups F and G received 200 and 800 mg/kg of MLETO for the entire 21 days of gestation respectively. The males were only used in mating the females. The number of return to estrus per pregnancy, number of implanted/developing conceptuses, gestation length, litter size at birth, litter weight at birth, crown-rump length at birth and aborting rat were assessed. Quantal pregnancy, implantation index, viability index, birth index, live-birth index and percentage aborted were calculated. Serum progesterone was also assayed. There were no significant ( P > 0.05 ) variations between the groups in all the reproductive indices assessed and also on the serum progesterone level. It was concluded that administration of MLETO as used in this study had no significant effect on the reproductive indices and serum progesterone levels of pregnant rats.","PeriodicalId":17430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Advances","volume":"1 1","pages":"25-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80587131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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