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Protein losing enteropathy caused by eosinophilic gastroenteritis: A case report 嗜酸性胃肠炎致蛋白质丢失肠病1例
IF 2.6 4区 医学 Q2 INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE Pub Date : 2018-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30996-8
Zhu Jiajie , Liu Shan , Su Xiaolan , Guo Yu , Li Yijie , Chen Jiande , Wang Qingguo , Wei Wei

Protein losing enteropathy (PLE), a very rare disease with hypoproteinemia and edema as its characteristics, is caused by various diseases resulting in protein depletion from the gut. The diagnosis is relatively difficult due to its complex pathogeneses. The present paper reported a case whose symptom started with acute diarrhea and hypoproteinemia. Gastrointestinal endoscopies showed digestive ulcers and colon polyp. The treatments contained albumin infusion, Chinese herbal decoction and other symptomatic therapies. The hypoproteinemia become even worse and edema occurred after 4 days' treatment. A larger dose of albumin infusion (40-60 g/d) and modified herbal decoctions were prescribed. A final diagnosis of eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG) complicated with PLE was confirmed by histopathological examination of a repeated gastroscopy. After three weeks' treatment, the serum albumin level was raised and the edema subsided gradually. In conclusion, herbs may have an effect on PLE patients, but PLE resulting from EG is very complex and easy to misdiagnose, especially in atypical conditions. Further studies are required to find the exact mechanisms.

蛋白质丢失肠病(PLE)是一种非常罕见的疾病,以低蛋白血症和水肿为特征,是由各种疾病导致肠道蛋白质消耗引起的。由于其病因复杂,诊断相对困难。本文报告了一例以急性腹泻和低蛋白血症为首发症状的病例。胃肠道内窥镜检查显示消化道溃疡和结肠息肉。治疗方法包括白蛋白输注、中药汤剂等对症治疗。治疗4天后,低蛋白血症加重,出现水肿。给予大剂量白蛋白输注(40 ~ 60g /d),加味中药煎剂。最终诊断嗜酸性胃肠炎(EG)合并PLE是通过反复胃镜的组织病理学检查证实的。治疗3周后,血清白蛋白水平升高,水肿逐渐消退。综上所述,中药可能对PLE患者有一定的治疗作用,但EG导致的PLE非常复杂,容易误诊,尤其是在不典型的情况下。需要进一步的研究来找到确切的机制。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Yupingfeng granules on the skin barrier in atopic dermatitis mice models 玉屏风颗粒对特应性皮炎小鼠皮肤屏障的影响
IF 2.6 4区 医学 Q2 INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE Pub Date : 2018-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30986-5
Sun Zhanxue , Wang Jingjun , Kong Yuhong , Li Nan , Jiang Xiaoyuan , Cao Ting , Jia Yuanning , Zhang Yueyue , Zhang Yisheng , Cheng Jing

OBJECTIVE

To investigate effect of Yupingfeng granules, prepared with Chinese Medicines, on the wound healing and on the expression of aquaporin 3 (AQP3) and the skin barrier in the animal models of atopic dermatitis (AD).

METHODS

Acute skin lesions of AD models were prepared using 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzo (DNCB) in mice and animals were treated with either Yupingfeng granules or placebo for two weeks. Skin wound healing outcome was assessed by measuring skin thickness, weight (quality) of the skin, and trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL). Expression of AQP3 mRNA and protein was assessed by reverse transcriotion polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunoblotting, respectively.

RESULTS

Yupingfeng granule treatment resulted in significant acceleration of wound healing with 63.64% efficiency, which was significantly higher than that of placebo granule treatment (31.82%, P < 0.01 by Wilcoxon Rank-sum test). Skin thickness, weight of the wounded skin, and TEWL were significantly higher in the AD models compared to that of normal animals. Treatment with Yupingfeng granules resulted in significant decrease in skin thickness [(937 ±31) vs (360 ±21) urn, P < 0.01], weight of the wounded skin [(42 ± 4) vs (24 ± 5) mg, P < 0.01], and TEWL [(30 ±4) vs (13 ± 4) g • h−1 • m−2, P < 0.01]. Yupingfeng granules also significantly down-regulated mRNA and protein expression of AQP3 in the animal models.

CONCLUSION

Our findings suggested that Yupingfeng granules could be used in AD treatment.

目的探讨中药复方玉屏风颗粒对特应性皮炎(AD)动物模型创面愈合、水通道蛋白3 (AQP3)表达及皮肤屏障的影响。方法采用2,4-二硝基氯苯(DNCB)制备AD小鼠急性皮损模型,动物分别给予玉坪风颗粒或安慰剂治疗2周。通过测量皮肤厚度、皮肤重量(质量)和经表皮水分损失(TEWL)来评估皮肤伤口愈合效果。采用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和免疫印迹法分别检测AQP3 mRNA和蛋白的表达。结果九屏风颗粒治疗显著促进创面愈合,有效率为63.64%,显著高于安慰剂颗粒治疗的31.82%,P <Wilcoxon秩和检验0.01)。与正常动物相比,AD模型的皮肤厚度、损伤皮肤重量和TEWL均显著升高。玉屏风颗粒治疗后皮肤厚度显著降低[(937±31)vs(360±21);0.01],伤皮重量[(42±4)vs(24±5)mg, P <[0.01], TEWL[(30±4)vs(13±4)g•h−1•m−2,P <0.01]。玉屏风颗粒在动物模型中也能显著下调AQP3 mRNA和蛋白的表达。结论玉屏风颗粒可用于阿尔茨海默病的治疗。
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引用次数: 5
Effect of Shenqi Yangxin decoction on high mobility group box 1 and inflammatory signal pathway in a rat model of dilated cardiomyopathy 参芪养心汤对扩张型心肌病大鼠高迁移率组box 1及炎症信号通路的影响
IF 2.6 4区 医学 Q2 INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE Pub Date : 2018-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30985-3
Shen Lijuan , Lu Shu , Zhou Yonghua , Xing Qingmin , Zhou Chungang , Li Lan

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the effects of Shenqi Yangxin decoction (SQYXD) on heart function in a rat model of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and its potential mechanisms.

METHODS

Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal (10 rats) and DCM (150 rats) groups. DCM was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of adriamycin. Then, DCM baseline group was randomly selected sixteen DCM rats. The remaining DCM rats were randomly divided into DCM control, perindopril, metoprolol, and SQYXD groups. Cardiac function and histological analysis plus biochemical measurement of serum levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and inflammatory factors were measured. The mRNA and protein expression levels of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) were determined. Myocardial metabolism imaging was performed on the normal, SQYXD and DCM control groups to evaluate the effectiveness of treatments.

RESULTS

Rats in the DCM control group exhibited dilated left ventricular diameter, impaired cardiac function, disorganized sarcomere, impaired glucose metabolism, increased heart weight index, and increased levels of BNP, which were improved by treatment with SQYXD. In addition, hearts from rats in the DCM baseline group exhibited significantly higher levels of HMGB1, TLR-4, RAGE, NF-κB, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, compared with the normal group. Interestingly, the mRNA level of HMGB1 in the DCM baseline group was positively correlated with that of TLR-4, RAGE, NF-κB, BNP, and LVEDD, but negatively correlated with LVEF. SQYXD inhibited the upregulation of HMGB1 expression and its downstream inflammatory factors.

CONCLUSION

Shenqi Yangxin decoction effectively reduced the dilated left ventricular diameter and improved heart function in dilated cardiomyopathy. The mechanisms underlying the action on DCM involve regulating the gene and protein expression of HMGB1 and its inflammatory signal pathways in the DCM rat model.

目的探讨参芪养心汤对扩张型心肌病(DCM)模型大鼠心功能的影响及其可能机制。方法将sd - dawley大鼠随机分为正常组(10只)和DCM组(150只)。腹腔注射阿霉素诱导DCM。然后,DCM基线组随机选取16只DCM大鼠。其余DCM大鼠随机分为DCM对照组、培哚普利组、美托洛尔组和七味散组。心功能、组织学分析及生化测定血清脑钠肽(BNP)、炎症因子水平。测定大鼠高迁移率组盒1 (HMGB1)、toll样受体4 (TLR-4)、晚期糖基化终产物受体(RAGE)和核因子-κB (NF-κB) mRNA和蛋白表达水平。对正常组、清饮组和DCM对照组进行心肌代谢显像,评价治疗效果。结果DCM对照组大鼠左室直径扩大,心功能受损,肌节紊乱,糖代谢异常,心重指数升高,脑钠肽水平升高,经七味散治疗后均有改善。此外,DCM基线组大鼠心脏HMGB1、TLR-4、RAGE、NF-κB、肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-1、白细胞介素-6、白细胞介素-10水平明显高于正常组。有趣的是,DCM基线组HMGB1 mRNA水平与TLR-4、RAGE、NF-κB、BNP、LVEDD呈正相关,与LVEF呈负相关。SQYXD抑制HMGB1表达上调及其下游炎性因子。结论参芪养心汤能有效降低扩张型心肌病患者左室直径,改善心功能。其作用机制涉及调节DCM大鼠模型中HMGB1基因和蛋白表达及其炎症信号通路。
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引用次数: 2
Effect of esculetin on bone metabolism in ovariectomized rats 去卵巢大鼠骨代谢的影响
IF 2.6 4区 医学 Q2 INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE Pub Date : 2018-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30989-0
Liu Meijie , Wang Ruihai , Li Yan , Bai Dong , Pan Jinghua , Liu Hong , Wang Shaojun , Wu Jiaying , Sun Gang , Miao Qing , Ju Dahong , Liu Limei

OBJECTIVE

To determine the effect of an esculetin formulation (at 97.4% purity) on osteoporosis, and to investigate the potential underlying molecular mechanism(s).

METHODS

Sixty specific pathogen free-grade female Wistar rats were randomly assigned to three groups: blank control (n = 12), sham (n = 12), and model (n = 36). The model group were bilaterally ovariectomized. The sham group had the tissue surrounding the ovaries removed, while the ovaries were retained. After 3 months, the model group was randomly divided into three subgroups: OVX (n = 12), positive control (n = 12), and esculetin (n = 12). The positive control group and the esculetin group were intragastrically administered diethylstilbestrol (0.046 mg • kg−1 • d−1) or esculetin (384 mg • kg−1 • d−1), respectively, once per day for 6 consecutive days; medication administration was then stopped for 1 d, before being administered for another 6 consecutive days. All rats were treated for 3 months. Samples were collected at the end of the treatment period. An Osteocore3 Digital 2D bone densitometer was used to test the bone mineral density, and histomorphometric analysis was performed to measure bone mass, bone formation, and bone resorption. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis was used to measure the serum concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL). Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were performed to detect the protein and mRNA expressions of OPG and RANKL in osteoblasts and bone marrow stromal cells.

RESULTS

Compared with the OVX group, the esculetin group had significantly greater femoral bone mineral density and tibial trabecular bone volume, and significantly smaller trabecular resorption surface. The percentage of trabecular formation surface, average osteoid width, trabecular bone mineralization rate, and cortical bone mineralization rate did not significantly differ between groups. Compared with the sham group, the esculetin group had significantly decreased serum levels of IL-6 and RANKL, and significant downregulation of RANKL protein and mRNA expression levels in osteoblasts and bone marrow stromal cells; however, there was no significant difference between groups in OPG.

CONCLUSION

Esculetin can increase bone mass by upregulating RANKL expression in osteoblasts and bone marrow stromal cells, and decreasing serum IL-6 concentration. This indicates that the therapeutic effect of esculetin on osteoporosis occurs via decreased bone resorption.

目的研究一种纯度为97.4%的艾斯维素制剂对骨质疏松症的治疗作用,并探讨其潜在的分子机制。方法60只无特定病原体级雌性Wistar大鼠随机分为空白对照组(n = 12)、假手术组(n = 12)和模型组(n = 36)。模型组均切除双侧卵巢。假手术组切除卵巢周围组织,保留卵巢。3个月后,模型组随机分为OVX组(n = 12)、阳性对照组(n = 12)、esculetin组(n = 12) 3个亚组。阳性对照组和esculletin组分别灌胃己烯雌酚(0.046 mg•kg−1•d−1)或esculletin (384 mg•kg−1•d−1),每天1次,连续6天;停药1 d,再连续用药6天。各组大鼠治疗3个月。在治疗期结束时采集样本。使用Osteocore3数字2D骨密度仪检测骨矿物质密度,并进行组织形态学分析以测量骨量、骨形成和骨吸收。采用酶联免疫吸附法测定血清白细胞介素-6 (IL-6)、骨保护素(OPG)和核因子κ B受体激活剂配体(RANKL)的浓度。采用免疫组织化学和原位杂交技术检测成骨细胞和骨髓基质细胞中OPG和RANKL蛋白和mRNA的表达。结果与OVX组比较,esculetin组股骨骨密度和胫骨小梁骨体积明显增大,小梁骨吸收面明显减小。小梁形成面百分比、平均类骨宽度、小梁骨矿化率、皮质骨矿化率组间无显著差异。与假手术组比较,护骨素组小鼠血清IL-6和RANKL水平显著降低,成骨细胞和骨髓基质细胞中RANKL蛋白和mRNA表达水平显著下调;OPG组间比较差异无统计学意义。结论护骨素可通过上调成骨细胞和骨髓基质细胞中RANKL的表达,降低血清IL-6浓度来增加骨量。这表明,骨质疏松症的治疗作用是通过减少骨吸收发生的。
{"title":"Effect of esculetin on bone metabolism in ovariectomized rats","authors":"Liu Meijie ,&nbsp;Wang Ruihai ,&nbsp;Li Yan ,&nbsp;Bai Dong ,&nbsp;Pan Jinghua ,&nbsp;Liu Hong ,&nbsp;Wang Shaojun ,&nbsp;Wu Jiaying ,&nbsp;Sun Gang ,&nbsp;Miao Qing ,&nbsp;Ju Dahong ,&nbsp;Liu Limei","doi":"10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30989-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30989-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><p>To determine the effect of an esculetin formulation (at 97.4% purity) on osteoporosis, and to investigate the potential underlying molecular mechanism(s).</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>Sixty specific pathogen free-grade female Wistar rats were randomly assigned to three groups: blank control (<em>n =</em> 12), sham (<em>n =</em> 12), and model (<em>n =</em> 36). The model group were bilaterally ovariectomized. The sham group had the tissue surrounding the ovaries removed, while the ovaries were retained. After 3 months, the model group was randomly divided into three subgroups: OVX (<em>n =</em> 12), positive control (<em>n =</em> 12), and esculetin (<em>n =</em> 12). The positive control group and the esculetin group were intragastrically administered diethylstilbestrol (0.046 mg • kg<sup>−1</sup> • d<sup>−1</sup>) or esculetin (384 mg • kg<sup>−1</sup> • d<sup>−1</sup>), respectively, once per day for 6 consecutive days; medication administration was then stopped for 1 d, before being administered for another 6 consecutive days. All rats were treated for 3 months. Samples were collected at the end of the treatment period. An Osteocore3 Digital 2D bone densitometer was used to test the bone mineral density, and histomorphometric analysis was performed to measure bone mass, bone formation, and bone resorption. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis was used to measure the serum concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL). Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were performed to detect the protein and mRNA expressions of OPG and RANKL in osteoblasts and bone marrow stromal cells.</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><p>Compared with the OVX group, the esculetin group had significantly greater femoral bone mineral density and tibial trabecular bone volume, and significantly smaller trabecular resorption surface. The percentage of trabecular formation surface, average osteoid width, trabecular bone mineralization rate, and cortical bone mineralization rate did not significantly differ between groups. Compared with the sham group, the esculetin group had significantly decreased serum levels of IL-6 and RANKL, and significant downregulation of RANKL protein and mRNA expression levels in osteoblasts and bone marrow stromal cells; however, there was no significant difference between groups in OPG.</p></div><div><h3>CONCLUSION</h3><p>Esculetin can increase bone mass by upregulating RANKL expression in osteoblasts and bone marrow stromal cells, and decreasing serum IL-6 concentration. This indicates that the therapeutic effect of esculetin on osteoporosis occurs <em>via</em> decreased bone resorption.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17513,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":"38 6","pages":"Pages 896-903"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30989-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47969891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
A model for anticancer surveillance was pharmacologically developed to evaluate vitality principle in breast cancer rats 建立了癌症大鼠抗癌药物监测模型,评价其活力原理
IF 2.6 4区 医学 Q2 INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE Pub Date : 2018-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30981-6
Liu Jinyu , Zhang Mengyang , Zhao Xin , Ge Shasha , Li Shuang , Peng Lin , Mu Yuxue , Chen Chen , Li Xiaoya , Zhang Rui , Feng Xuanye , Deng Bo , Jia Liqun , Lin Yulin , Wang Yueqi , Cheng Zhiqiang , TaeHoo Yi , Cai Dayong

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate vitality principle in breast cancer rats by pharmacologically developing a model for anticancer surveillance.

METHODS

The breast cancer in rats was replicated with 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA, i.g., 100 mg/kg) at d001. The anticancer surveillance was defined as the intervals between the primary sensitization and the first challenge stirred with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), the various intervals (k = 0.80) were dominated from d025 (600.00 h) to d095 (2288.82 h). The optimal surveillant status was confirmed with the median effective interval (EI50) from tumor volume regressive curve, for developing the pharmacodynamic model. The tumor and tumor infiltrating lymphocyte histopathology was used to confirm the immune surveillance being affected with CFA in breast cancer tumorigenesis. The availability of this model was confirmed with Shugan Liangxue prescription (SLP), from the vitality principle, and assured further from interleukin-12 levels.

RESULTS

The regressive curve was set up between the intervals and tumor volumes, the EI50 in SLP-treated rats (1475.00 h, YSLP = 0.1026 + 0.8780/[1 + 10(27.1425-8.565×)]) was postponed, which was 1.87 multiple of the EI50 in CFA rats (791.40 h, y = −0.0525 + 0.9452/[1 + 10(30.4870-10.52×)], so did prepone the curve between the intervals and the immunological biomarker, serum inter-leukin-12 levels, the EI50 in SLP-treated rats (744.90 h, YSLP = −0.0145 + 0.7455/[1 + 10(52.09636-18.13×)]) be 0.78 multiple of the EI50 in CFA rats (960.10 h, YCFA = 0.2460 + 0.7270/[1 + 10(− 67.1546 + 22.52×)]), this immunological action being mediated the anticancer prognosis. Tumor histology was confirmed the more tumor infiltrating lymphocytes activated in SLP rats with CFA stirred immunity than rats only received CFA.

CONCLUSION

The model for anticancer surveillance was pharmacologically established as the optimal interval (791.40 h) between the primary sensitization and the first challenge stirred with complete Freund's adjuvant. This available model was confirmed with SLP, from the vitality principle, for evaluating immunological effects against breast cancer.

目的建立癌症大鼠抗癌监测模型,评价其活力原理。方法用7,12-二甲基苯[a]蒽(DMBA,i.g.,100mg/kg)在d001复制大鼠癌症。抗癌监测被定义为初次致敏和用完全弗氏佐剂(CFA)搅拌的第一次激发之间的间隔,不同的间隔(k=0.80)主要是从d025(600.00小时)到d095(2288.82小时)。用肿瘤体积回归曲线的中位有效区间(EI50)确定最佳监测状态,用于建立药效学模型。用肿瘤和肿瘤浸润性淋巴细胞组织病理学方法证实CFA对乳腺癌症肿瘤发生的免疫监测作用。舒肝凉血方(SLP)从活力原理证实了该模型的可用性,并从白细胞介素-12水平进一步保证了该模型。结果建立了间隔与肿瘤体积的回归曲线,SLP处理大鼠的EI50(1475.00h,YSLP=0.1026+0.8780/[1+10(27.1425-8.565×,血清白细胞介素-12水平,SLP治疗大鼠的EI50(744.90 h,YSLP=-0.0145+0.7455/[1+10(52.09636-18.13×)])是CFA大鼠的EI50(960.10 h,YCFA=0.246+0.77270/[1+10)的0.78倍,这种免疫作用介导了抗癌预后。肿瘤组织学证实,具有CFA搅拌免疫的SLP大鼠中激活的肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞比仅接受CFA.结论抗癌监测模型在药理学上被建立为初次致敏和用完全弗氏佐剂搅拌的第一次激发之间的最佳间隔(791.40 h)。从活力原理出发,用SLP证实了这种可用的模型,用于评估对癌症的免疫效果。
{"title":"A model for anticancer surveillance was pharmacologically developed to evaluate vitality principle in breast cancer rats","authors":"Liu Jinyu ,&nbsp;Zhang Mengyang ,&nbsp;Zhao Xin ,&nbsp;Ge Shasha ,&nbsp;Li Shuang ,&nbsp;Peng Lin ,&nbsp;Mu Yuxue ,&nbsp;Chen Chen ,&nbsp;Li Xiaoya ,&nbsp;Zhang Rui ,&nbsp;Feng Xuanye ,&nbsp;Deng Bo ,&nbsp;Jia Liqun ,&nbsp;Lin Yulin ,&nbsp;Wang Yueqi ,&nbsp;Cheng Zhiqiang ,&nbsp;TaeHoo Yi ,&nbsp;Cai Dayong","doi":"10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30981-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30981-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><p>To evaluate vitality principle in breast cancer rats by pharmacologically developing a model for anticancer surveillance.</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>The breast cancer in rats was replicated with 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA, i.g., 100 mg/kg) at d<sub>001</sub>. The anticancer surveillance was defined as the intervals between the primary sensitization and the first challenge stirred with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), the various intervals (k = 0.80) were dominated from d<sub>025</sub> (600.00 h) to d<sub>095</sub> (2288.82 h). The optimal surveillant status was confirmed with the median effective interval (EI<sub>50</sub>) from tumor volume regressive curve, for developing the pharmacodynamic model. The tumor and tumor infiltrating lymphocyte histopathology was used to confirm the immune surveillance being affected with CFA in breast cancer tumorigenesis. The availability of this model was confirmed with Shugan Liangxue prescription (SLP), from the vitality principle, and assured further from interleukin-12 levels.</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><p>The regressive curve was set up between the intervals and tumor volumes, the EI<sub>50</sub> in SLP-treated rats (1475.00 h, Y<sub>SLP</sub> = 0.1026 + 0.8780/[1 + 10<sup>(27.1425-8.565×)</sup>]) was postponed, which was 1.87 multiple of the EI<sub>50</sub> in CFA rats (791.40 h, y = −0.0525 + 0.9452/[1 + 10<sup>(30.4870-10.52×)</sup>], so did prepone the curve between the intervals and the immunological biomarker, serum inter-leukin-12 levels, the EI<sub>50</sub> in SLP-treated rats (744.90 h, Y<sub>SLP</sub> = −0.0145 + 0.7455/[1 + 10<sup>(52.09636-18.13×)</sup>]) be 0.78 multiple of the EI<sub>50</sub> in CFA rats (960.10 h, Y<sub>CFA</sub> = 0.2460 + 0.7270/[1 + 10<sup>(− 67.1546</sup> <sup>+</sup> <sup>22.52×)</sup>]), this immunological action being mediated the anticancer prognosis. Tumor histology was confirmed the more tumor infiltrating lymphocytes activated in SLP rats with CFA stirred immunity than rats only received CFA.</p></div><div><h3>CONCLUSION</h3><p>The model for anticancer surveillance was pharmacologically established as the optimal interval (791.40 h) between the primary sensitization and the first challenge stirred with complete Freund's adjuvant. This available model was confirmed with SLP, from the vitality principle, for evaluating immunological effects against breast cancer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17513,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":"38 6","pages":"Pages 823-833"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30981-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72261251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of Jianpi Bushen formula on aromatase-inhibitor-associated bone loss after menopause 健脾补肾方对绝经后芳香化酶抑制剂相关性骨丢失的影响
IF 2.6 4区 医学 Q2 INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE Pub Date : 2018-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30987-7
Dai Yan , Chen Qingqing , Guan Ruodan , Xu Rui , Qiu Chang , Song Xue , Guo Qianqian , Wang Zhiyu , Chen Qianjun

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the effect of Jianpi Bushen (JPBS) formula on aromatase inhibitor (AI)-associated bone loss after menopause.

METHODS

Six-month-old female rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: a sham group, an ovariectomized (OVX) group, an OVX treated with exemestane and 3 OVX groups each treated with a different dose of JPBS formula. Bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar vertebrae, histology, bone markers and serum levels of estrogen were assessed. Furthermore, a cohort study was conducted in 130 postmenopausal women with breast cancer that had undergone treatment with Als. The subjects were given JPBS + caltrate D or caltrate D only, administered orally. BMD at the lumbar vertebrae and femoral neck and bone markers were evaluated in both control and herbal treatment groups at baseline and 12 months.

RESULTS

Experimental results indicated that a high dose of JPBS significantly increased the trabecular bone area percentage (Tb.Ar %) and broadened the trabecular thickness (Tb.Th). The JPBS formula enriched the carboxyterrninal propeptide of type ipmcollagen and increased serum estrogen level significantly. The clinical investigation revealed that bone loss was decreased in the group treated with JPBS vs control (BMD T score at lumbar vertebrae, 3.9% increased vs 14.58% decreased, respectively, P = 0.004 and BMD T score on femoral neck, 1.8% decreased vs 22.45% decreased, respectively, P = 0.008). Besides, JPBS formula elevated N-middle osteocalcin and decreased type I collagen cross-linked C-terminal telopeptide.

CONCLUSION

JPBS formula prevented aromatase-inhibitor-associated bone loss after menopause by inhibiting bone resorption and promoting bone formation.

目的探讨健脾补肾方对绝经后芳香化酶抑制剂(AI)相关性骨质流失的影响。方法6月龄雌性大鼠随机分为6组:假手术组、去卵巢组、依西美坦治疗组和不同剂量JPBS方治疗组。评估腰椎骨密度(BMD)、组织学、骨标志物和血清雌激素水平。此外,一项队列研究对130名接受过Als治疗的绝经后乳腺癌妇女进行了研究。受试者口服JPBS +钙化D或仅钙化D。在基线和12个月时,对对照组和草药治疗组腰椎和股骨颈的骨密度和骨标志物进行评估。结果高剂量JPBS可显著提高大鼠骨小梁面积百分比(Tb)。Ar %),小梁厚度增宽(th . th)。JPBS配方丰富了ipmcollagen型羧基终端前肽,显著提高了血清雌激素水平。临床调查显示,与对照组相比,JPBS组骨量丢失减少(腰椎BMD T评分分别增加3.9%比减少14.58%,P = 0.004;股骨颈BMD T评分分别减少1.8%比22.45%,P = 0.008)。此外,JPBS配方提高了n -中骨钙素,降低了I型胶原交联c端端肽。结论jpbs配方通过抑制骨吸收和促进骨形成来预防绝经后芳香酶抑制剂相关性骨质流失。
{"title":"Effect of Jianpi Bushen formula on aromatase-inhibitor-associated bone loss after menopause","authors":"Dai Yan ,&nbsp;Chen Qingqing ,&nbsp;Guan Ruodan ,&nbsp;Xu Rui ,&nbsp;Qiu Chang ,&nbsp;Song Xue ,&nbsp;Guo Qianqian ,&nbsp;Wang Zhiyu ,&nbsp;Chen Qianjun","doi":"10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30987-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30987-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><p>To investigate the effect of Jianpi Bushen (JPBS) formula on aromatase inhibitor (AI)-associated bone loss after menopause.</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>Six-month-old female rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: a sham group, an ovariectomized (OVX) group, an OVX treated with exemestane and 3 OVX groups each treated with a different dose of JPBS formula. Bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar vertebrae, histology, bone markers and serum levels of estrogen were assessed. Furthermore, a cohort study was conducted in 130 postmenopausal women with breast cancer that had undergone treatment with Als. The subjects were given JPBS + caltrate D or caltrate D only, administered orally. BMD at the lumbar vertebrae and femoral neck and bone markers were evaluated in both control and herbal treatment groups at baseline and 12 months.</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><p>Experimental results indicated that a high dose of JPBS significantly increased the trabecular bone area percentage (Tb.Ar %) and broadened the trabecular thickness (Tb.Th). The JPBS formula enriched the carboxyterrninal propeptide of type ipmcollagen and increased serum estrogen level significantly. The clinical investigation revealed that bone loss was decreased in the group treated with JPBS <em>vs</em> control (BMD T score at lumbar vertebrae, 3.9% increased <em>vs</em> 14.58% decreased, respectively, <em>P</em> = 0.004 and BMD T score on femoral neck, 1.8% decreased <em>vs</em> 22.45% decreased, respectively, <em>P</em> = 0.008). Besides, JPBS formula elevated N-middle osteocalcin and decreased type I collagen cross-linked C-terminal telopeptide.</p></div><div><h3>CONCLUSION</h3><p>JPBS formula prevented aromatase-inhibitor-associated bone loss after menopause by inhibiting bone resorption and promoting bone formation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17513,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":"38 6","pages":"Pages 879-889"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30987-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45725411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of Cuzhi liquid on learning and memory dysfunction in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease 枳实液对阿尔茨海默病模型小鼠学习记忆功能障碍的影响
IF 2.6 4区 医学 Q2 INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE Pub Date : 2018-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30988-9
Liu Lijuan , Yu Chen , Liu Junbao

OBJECTIVE

To examine the effects of Cuzhi liquid on learning and memory abilities in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

METHODS

One hundred mice were divided into the normal, AD model, piracetam group, Cuzhi liquid low dose and Cuzhi liquid high dose, each group 20 mice. The AD mouse model was induced by daily intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose and sodium nitrite. AD mice then received intragastric administration of piracetam or Cuzhi liquid for 60 d, and changes in learning and memory abilities were assessed using the water maze test. The activity of acetylcholinsterase (AchE) and monamine oxidase (MAO), and the levels of nitrogen monoxidum (NO) and malonaldehyde (MDA), were measured in brain tissues. Amyloid protein deposition was assessed by methyl violet staining, and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) expression in the hippocampal cornus ammonis 1 region was detected by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTS

In the water maze test, the escape latency of the model group was longer than that of the normal group (P < 0.01). The escape latency of the three using drug treatment groups was significantly less than that of the normal group (P < 0.05). The activity of AchE and MAO, and the levels of NO and MDA, in the brain of the model group were significantly higher than that of the normal group (P < 0.01), but significantly reduced in the three drug treatment groups compared with the model group (P < 0.05). AchE activity showed a greater reduction in the two Cuzhi liquid groups compared with the piracetam group (P < 0.01), to levels similar to the normal group. There were no differences in MAO activity or NO levels between the three drug treatment groups, while MDA levels were reduced more in the high-dose Cuzhi liquid group compared with the other treatment groups (P < 0.01). Hippocampal Bcl-2 expression was significantly reduced in the model group compared with the normal group (P < 0.01), but significantly improved in the three drug treatment groups (P < 0.05). The high-dose Cuzhi liquid group showed a significantly greater recovery in Bcl-2 expression compared with the other treatment groups.

CONCLUSION

Cuzhi liquid can improve learning and memory impairment in an AD mouse model. The mechanism of action may relate to reduced AchE and MAO activity, and reduced NO and MDA levels, in the brain, and improved Bcl-2 expression, an inhibitor of apoptosis.

目的观察枳椇液对阿尔茨海默病(AD)模型小鼠学习记忆能力的影响。方法100只小鼠随机分为正常、AD模型、吡拉西坦组、祛脂液低剂量组和祛脂液高剂量组,每组20只。采用每日腹腔注射d -半乳糖和亚硝酸钠建立AD小鼠模型。然后给AD小鼠灌胃吡拉西坦或苦之液60 d,采用水迷宫测试评估学习记忆能力的变化。甲基紫染色检测淀粉样蛋白沉积,免疫组化检测海马氨角1区b细胞淋巴瘤-2 (Bcl-2)表达。结果在水迷宫实验中,模型组小鼠的逃避潜伏期明显长于正常组(P <0.01)。3个药物治疗组的逃避潜伏期均显著小于正常组(P <0.05)。0.01),但与模型组比较,3个药物治疗组均显著降低(P <0.05)。与吡拉西坦组相比,两种枳实液组乙酰胆碱酯酶活性明显降低(P <0.01),至与正常组相近的水平。0.01)。模型组大鼠海马Bcl-2表达较正常组明显降低(P <0.01),但三个药物治疗组均有显著改善(P <0.05)。高剂量组Bcl-2表达恢复明显高于其他治疗组。结论枳椇液能改善AD模型小鼠的学习记忆功能。
{"title":"Effect of Cuzhi liquid on learning and memory dysfunction in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease","authors":"Liu Lijuan ,&nbsp;Yu Chen ,&nbsp;Liu Junbao","doi":"10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30988-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30988-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><p>To examine the effects of Cuzhi liquid on learning and memory abilities in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD).</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>One hundred mice were divided into the normal, AD model, piracetam group, Cuzhi liquid low dose and Cuzhi liquid high dose, each group 20 mice. The AD mouse model was induced by daily intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose and sodium nitrite. AD mice then received intragastric administration of piracetam or Cuzhi liquid for 60 d, and changes in learning and memory abilities were assessed using the water maze test. The activity of acetylcholinsterase (AchE) and monamine oxidase (MAO), and the levels of nitrogen monoxidum (NO) and malonaldehyde (MDA), were measured in brain tissues. Amyloid protein deposition was assessed by methyl violet staining, and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) expression in the hippocampal cornus ammonis 1 region was detected by immunohistochemistry.</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><p>In the water maze test, the escape latency of the model group was longer than that of the normal group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). The escape latency of the three using drug treatment groups was significantly less than that of the normal group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The activity of AchE and MAO, and the levels of NO and MDA, in the brain of the model group were significantly higher than that of the normal group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), but significantly reduced in the three drug treatment groups compared with the model group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). AchE activity showed a greater reduction in the two Cuzhi liquid groups compared with the piracetam group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), to levels similar to the normal group. There were no differences in MAO activity or NO levels between the three drug treatment groups, while MDA levels were reduced more in the high-dose Cuzhi liquid group compared with the other treatment groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Hippocampal Bcl-2 expression was significantly reduced in the model group compared with the normal group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), but significantly improved in the three drug treatment groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The high-dose Cuzhi liquid group showed a significantly greater recovery in Bcl-2 expression compared with the other treatment groups.</p></div><div><h3>CONCLUSION</h3><p>Cuzhi liquid can improve learning and memory impairment in an AD mouse model. The mechanism of action may relate to reduced AchE and MAO activity, and reduced NO and MDA levels, in the brain, and improved Bcl-2 expression, an inhibitor of apoptosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17513,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":"38 6","pages":"Pages 890-895"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30988-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46303812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Risk assessment model for endpoints of ischemic stroke: A study protocol for a registry study 缺血性卒中终点的风险评估模型:一项注册研究的研究方案
IF 2.6 4区 医学 Q2 INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE Pub Date : 2018-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30994-4
Zhang Yin , Liu Yue , Wang Guiqian , Sun Shuailing , Gao Yang , Xie Yanming

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the risk of ischemic stroke endpoints by establishing risk assessment models that combine Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and modern medicine indicators.

METHODS/DESIGN

The proposed study is a registry-based participant survey conducted in seven hospitals nationwide in China. After obtaining informed consent, 3000 patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke will be recruited. One-year follow-ups will be performed on-site in hospitals and by telephone to track endpoint events. Comparative analysis of the prevalence of endpoint events and other TCM or modern medicine features in different groups will be conducted using frequency analysis and χ2 tests, and the results will be expressed as composition ratios. Comparative analysis of quantitative scores and related patterns or symptoms will be conducted using a rank-sum test. Correlation analysis of endpoint events and TCM or modern medicine factors will be performed using a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model.

DISCUSSION

Previous reports have described modern medicine indicator-based risk assessment models for ischemic stroke endpoint events, but no such studies have included TCM features. Our new risk assessment model combines TCM and modern medicine indicators and thus has the potential to facilitate early warning, early intervention, and early control of ischemic stroke endpoint events.

目的建立中医指标与现代医学指标相结合的缺血性脑卒中终点风险评估模型,评价缺血性脑卒中终点风险。方法/设计本研究是一项基于登记的参与者调查,在中国7家医院进行。在获得知情同意后,将招募3000名诊断为缺血性卒中的患者。将在医院现场进行为期一年的随访,并通过电话跟踪终点事件。采用频率分析和χ2检验对不同组的终点事件发生率及其他中医或现代医学特征进行比较分析,结果以构成比表示。将使用秩和检验对定量分数和相关模式或症状进行比较分析。终点事件与中医或现代医学因素的相关性分析将使用多变量Cox比例风险模型进行。先前的报告描述了基于现代医学指标的缺血性卒中终点事件风险评估模型,但没有此类研究包括中医特征。我们的新风险评估模型结合了中医和现代医学指标,具有促进缺血性脑卒中终点事件早期预警、早期干预和早期控制的潜力。
{"title":"Risk assessment model for endpoints of ischemic stroke: A study protocol for a registry study","authors":"Zhang Yin ,&nbsp;Liu Yue ,&nbsp;Wang Guiqian ,&nbsp;Sun Shuailing ,&nbsp;Gao Yang ,&nbsp;Xie Yanming","doi":"10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30994-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30994-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><p>To evaluate the risk of ischemic stroke endpoints by establishing risk assessment models that combine Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and modern medicine indicators.</p></div><div><h3>METHODS/DESIGN</h3><p>The proposed study is a registry-based participant survey conducted in seven hospitals nationwide in China. After obtaining informed consent, 3000 patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke will be recruited. One-year follow-ups will be performed on-site in hospitals and by telephone to track endpoint events. Comparative analysis of the prevalence of endpoint events and other TCM or modern medicine features in different groups will be conducted using frequency analysis and χ<span><sup>2</sup></span> tests, and the results will be expressed as composition ratios. Comparative analysis of quantitative scores and related patterns or symptoms will be conducted using a rank-sum test. Correlation analysis of endpoint events and TCM or modern medicine factors will be performed using a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model.</p></div><div><h3>DISCUSSION</h3><p>Previous reports have described modern medicine indicator-based risk assessment models for ischemic stroke endpoint events, but no such studies have included TCM features. Our new risk assessment model combines TCM and modern medicine indicators and thus has the potential to facilitate early warning, early intervention, and early control of ischemic stroke endpoint events.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17513,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":"38 6","pages":"Pages 936-942"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30994-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48554689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Effectiveness of Traditional Chinese Medicine on chemo-radiotherapy induced leukaemia in patients with lung cancer: a Meta-analysis 中药治疗肺癌放化疗白血病疗效的meta分析
IF 2.6 4区 医学 Q2 INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30904-X
Li Yu , Xiong Chan , Qin Erqi , Li Lin , Zhuang Guangtong , Yu Zheng

OBJECTIVE

To assess the curative effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) on leukopenia induced by chemo-radiotherapy in patients with lung cancer.

METHODS

A comprehensive electronic search in Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Libary database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI) and Wanfang Database was conducted up to July 2017. Random-effects model was used to estimate the standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Eleven studies with a total of 957 patients were included in this meta-analysis.

RESULTS

The effectiveness in TCM group was higher than control group [RR = 1.60, 95% CI (1.38, 1.85), P < 0.000 01]. Compare with Western Medicine group, the effectiveness has no significant difference [RR = 0.96, 95% CI (0.82, 1.12), P = 0.57]. The ineffective rate in test group was lower than the control group [RR = 0.30, 95% CI (0.21, 0.42), P < 0.000 01].

CONCLUSION

By meta-regression it was suggested that TCM has curative effect on leukopenia induced by chemo-radiotherapy in patients with lung cancer, but by the influence of number and quality of researches, publication bias, more evidence from high quality studies, and larger cohorts for observational trials are needed.

目的探讨中药治疗肺癌放化疗所致白细胞减少症的疗效。方法截至2017年7月,在Medline、Embase、Cochrane library数据库、中国知网(CNKI)和万方数据库中进行综合电子检索。采用随机效应模型估计标准化平均差(SMDs),置信区间为95%。这项荟萃分析纳入了11项研究,共957例患者。结果中药组有效率高于对照组[RR = 1.60, 95% CI (1.38, 1.85), P <0.000 01]。与西药组比较,疗效无显著差异[RR = 0.96, 95% CI (0.82, 1.12), P = 0.57]。试验组无效率低于对照组[RR = 0.30, 95% CI (0.21, 0.42), P <0.000 01]。结论经meta回归分析,中药对肺癌放化疗所致白细胞减少有疗效,但受研究数量和质量的影响,存在发表偏倚,需要更多高质量研究的证据,需要更大的观察性试验队列。
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引用次数: 7
Mechanism underlying treatment of diabetic kidney disease using Traditional Chinese Medicine based on theory of Yin and Yang balance 基于阴阳平衡理论的中医治疗糖尿病肾病的机制
IF 2.6 4区 医学 Q2 INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30921-X
Piao Yuanlin , Yin Dehai

The pathogenic mechanism of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is complex. The development of DKD cannot be fully explained by a single mechanism. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been applied extensively for the treatment of DKD in China. However, studying the mechanism of DKD using theories and methods that are appropriate for TCM characteristics and searching for theoretical bases for TCM clinical application are topics that still need to be explored and researched. Activation of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/Smad and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways functions as a self-protection mechanism against renal microinflammation in DKD. However, the persistent abnormal overactivation of reactions causes secondary cell dysfunction, cell apoptosis, increased extracellular matrix (ECM) secretion, and eventually renal fibrosis. During this process, the dysregulation of self-balance among a variety of signaling pathways and the loss of self-feedback regulatory mechanisms downstream of these signaling pathways are critical causes of the occurrence and development of DKD. TCM may both inhibit the expression or activation of “hyperactive” signaling pathways (NFB, Smad3, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR) and increase the expression or activation of “deficient” signaling pathways (Smad7 and PTEN) to restore balance to cells with an abnormal pathophysiological status and achieve the goal of DKD treatment.

糖尿病肾病(DKD)的发病机制复杂。DKD的发展不能完全用单一的机制来解释。中医药在中国广泛应用于DKD的治疗。然而,运用适合中医特点的理论和方法研究DKD的作用机制,为中医临床应用寻找理论依据,仍是有待探索和研究的课题。激活转化生长因子(TGF)-β1/Smad和PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路可作为DKD患者肾脏微炎症的自我保护机制。然而,持续的异常过度激活反应会导致继发性细胞功能障碍、细胞凋亡、细胞外基质(ECM)分泌增加,最终导致肾纤维化。在这一过程中,多种信号通路之间的自我平衡失调以及这些信号通路下游自反馈调节机制的缺失是DKD发生发展的关键原因。中药既可以抑制“过活跃”信号通路(NFB、Smad3、PI3K/Akt/mTOR)的表达或激活,又可以增加“缺失”信号通路(Smad7、PTEN)的表达或激活,使病理生理异常的细胞恢复平衡,达到治疗DKD的目的。
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引用次数: 9
期刊
Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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