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Painting Architecture: Jiehua in Yuan China, 1271–1368 By Leqi Yu. 216 pp. Hong Kong, Hong Kong University Press, 2022. 《建筑绘画:1271-1368年中国元代的杰华》,余乐琪著,216页,香港,香港大学出版社,2022年。
4区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1017/s1356186323000081
Aurelia Campbell
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引用次数: 0
Sorry for what? Asking the right questions about the Bangladeshi liberation war and Pakistan's genocidal military operation in 1971 – ERRATUM 抱歉什么?就1971年孟加拉国解放战争和巴基斯坦种族灭绝军事行动提出正确的问题——勘误
4区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.1017/s1356186323000512
Ali Usman Qasmi
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引用次数: 0
A munshi discussion on religion, and the Simla Akhbār, circa 1850 – ERRATUM 关于宗教和西姆拉Akhbār的munshi讨论,大约1850年-勘误
4区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.1017/s1356186323000524
Carl Ernst
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引用次数: 0
Casteist demons and working-class prophets: subaltern Islam in Bengal, circa 1872–1928 种姓魔鬼和工人阶级先知:孟加拉次等的伊斯兰教,大约1872-1928年
4区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.1017/s1356186323000366
Layli Uddin
Abstract This article investigates the relationship between caste and Islam in Bengal at a time when they acquired heightened significance as markers of identity for the colonial state and between communities. Scholarship, mainly drawing on North India, has emphasised the contrast between the existence in practice of a hierarchical system of social stratification among Muslims and the ideals and traditions of Islamic egalitarianism. This article, however, shows that caste-based struggles and tensions produced a revolutionary Islam. I suggest that the subversive potential of Islamic egalitarianism, described in early Islam by Louise Marlow, was kept alive by low-caste Bengali Muslims. The social reality of caste enabled multiple understandings of what it meant to be a Muslim, and the more radical among them were subaltern ontologies—different meanings of what it was to be a Muslim in the world. Here, I analyse writings on caste by four unreliable narrators around the turn of the twentieth century—a British colonial ethnographer, an ashrāfī Muslim anthropologist, and two Muslim reformers—to describe the politics and lifeworlds of low-caste Muslim groups in Bengal. The article argues for a more nuanced understanding of this period of Islamic reform and development, one that is conscious of the subaltern currents shaping its course. I show how a reformist politics of ‘rejection’ of elite Islam emerged as a response to the problem of caste inequality. These discourses and practices repudiating elite Muslim titles, centring histories of labour, and emphasising equality as an embodied experience reveal the revolutionary potentialities of a subaltern Islam.
本文研究了种姓和伊斯兰教在孟加拉的关系,当时种姓和伊斯兰教作为殖民地国家和社区之间的身份标志具有高度的意义。主要以北印度为研究对象的学术研究强调了穆斯林社会分层的等级制度与伊斯兰平等主义的理想和传统之间的对比。然而,这篇文章表明,基于种姓的斗争和紧张局势产生了革命性的伊斯兰教。我认为,路易斯·马洛(Louise Marlow)在早期伊斯兰教中所描述的伊斯兰平等主义的颠覆性潜力,是由低种姓的孟加拉穆斯林保持的。种姓制度的社会现实使人们对成为穆斯林意味着什么有了多种理解,其中更激进的是下层本体论——在世界上成为穆斯林的不同含义。在这里,我分析了四位不可靠的叙述者在二十世纪之交写的关于种姓的文章——一位英国殖民民族学家,一位ashrāfī穆斯林人类学家和两位穆斯林改革者——来描述孟加拉低种姓穆斯林群体的政治和生活世界。这篇文章主张对这一时期的伊斯兰改革和发展进行更细致入微的理解,意识到塑造其进程的底层潮流。我展示了一种“拒绝”伊斯兰精英的改革派政治是如何作为对种姓不平等问题的回应而出现的。这些话语和实践否定了穆斯林精英的头衔,以劳动历史为中心,强调平等是一种具体化的经历,揭示了低等伊斯兰教的革命潜力。
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引用次数: 1
Letter writing as the mingling of souls: remote knowledge exchange among eighteenth-century Naqshbandis 书信写作是灵魂的交融:18世纪Naqshbandis之间的远程知识交流
4区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-02 DOI: 10.1017/s1356186322000852
Daniel Jacobius Morgan
Abstract Historians of Islamicate intellectual practices in pre-colonial South Asia have long argued that authoritative knowledge was located in persons rather than books, and that religious texts were thus typically transmitted in the context of face-to-face meetings between teacher and student. While it has been noted that some early modern Sufi networks engaged in the remote transmission of authoritative knowledge by means of letters, with reduced emphasis on face-to-face meetings, the causes for this development are still debated. Looking at the correspondence, theoretical treatises, and authorisations ( ijāza s) produced in the circle of the celebrated eighteenth-century Naqshbandi reformer Shah Wali Allah of Delhi, this article argues that the willingness to engage in the transmission of remote knowledge was not simply a product of the changing material conditions of late-Mughal India, but rather was underwritten by emergent spiritual and psychological ideas about the nature of personhood. Because a person was not merely a material entity bounded by a corporeal (living) body, bodily proximity between two individuals was less valuable than their spiritual congruence. This congruence could be strengthened during periods of face-to-face companionship but could also be generated and maintained through letters alone. Indeed, these scholars sometimes assert the superiority of the letter over physical companionship because it allowed for a coming together of two spirits without the intrusion of the gross material body. Working within this intellectual framework, scholars in this network regularly exchanged books of all genres as well as ijāza s remotely (often over vast distances).
研究前殖民时期南亚伊斯兰教知识实践的历史学家长期以来一直认为,权威知识来自于人而不是书本,因此宗教文本通常是在老师和学生面对面交流的背景下传播的。虽然已经注意到一些早期现代苏菲网络通过信件的方式从事权威知识的远程传播,减少了对面对面会议的强调,但这种发展的原因仍然存在争议。通过对18世纪著名的Naqshbandi改革者德里的Shah Wali Allah圈子中产生的信件、理论论文和授权(ijāza s)的研究,本文认为,参与传播远程知识的意愿不仅仅是莫卧儿王朝晚期印度不断变化的物质条件的产物,而是由关于人格本质的新兴精神和心理观念所支持的。因为一个人不仅仅是一个由肉体(活着的)束缚的物质实体,两个人之间身体上的接近不如他们精神上的一致更有价值。这种一致性可以在面对面的陪伴中得到加强,但也可以通过单独的信件来产生和维持。事实上,这些学者有时会断言书信比肉体的陪伴更有优势,因为它允许两种精神在没有肉体侵扰的情况下走到一起。在这个知识框架内工作,这个网络中的学者定期交换各种类型的书籍以及远程(通常是很远的距离)ijāza。
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引用次数: 0
JRA volume 33 issue 4 Cover and Front matter JRA 第 33 卷第 4 期封面和封底
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1356186323000482
Daud Ali, Ismail Alatas, Aparna Kapadia, Williams College, Weipin Tsai, Wang Shih-pe, Bradley Davis - Book, Andrea Acri, École, Francis Robinson, Royal Holloway, Taylor Sherman, London, Seema Alavi, Tim Barrett, Jere Bacharach, Edhem Eldem, Carl Ernst, Richard Gombrich, Andrew Gordon, Edmund Herzig, Sepp Linhart, Rana Mitter, Tariq Rahman, Anthony Reid, Richard G. Salomon, Oktor Skjaervo, Nancy Steinhardt, Roel Sterckx, Wang Gungwu, Muhammad Q. Zaman
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引用次数: 0
Toward a human brain extracellular vesicle atlas: Characteristics of extracellular vesicles from different brain regions, including small RNA and protein profiles. 建立人脑细胞外囊泡图谱:不同脑区细胞外囊泡的特征,包括小核糖核酸和蛋白质特征。
4区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-15 DOI: 10.1002/INMD.20230016
Yiyao Huang, Tanina Arab, Ashley E Russell, Emily R Mallick, Rajini Nagaraj, Evan Gizzie, Javier Redding-Ochoa, Juan C Troncoso, Olga Pletnikova, Andrey Turchinovich, David A Routenberg, Kenneth W Witwer

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released from different cell types in the central nervous system (CNS) and play roles in regulating physiological and pathological functions. Although brain-derived EVs (bdEVs) have been successfully collected from brain tissue, there is not yet a "bdEV Atlas" of EVs from different brain regions. To address this gap, we separated EVs from eight anatomical brain regions of a single individual and subsequently characterized them by count, size, morphology, and protein and RNA content. The greatest particle yield was from cerebellum, while the fewest particles were recovered from the orbitofrontal, postcentral gyrus, and thalamus regions. EV surface phenotyping indicated that CD81 and CD9 were more abundant than CD63 in all regions. Cell-enriched surface markers varied between brain regions. For example, putative neuronal markers NCAM, CD271, and NRCAM were more abundant in medulla, cerebellum, and occipital regions, respectively. These findings, while restricted to tissues from a single individual, suggest that additional studies are warranted to provide more insight into the links between EV heterogeneity and function in the CNS.

细胞外囊泡(EVs)由中枢神经系统(CNS)中不同类型的细胞释放,在调节生理和病理功能方面发挥作用。虽然已经成功地从脑组织中收集到了脑源性EVs(bdEVs),但目前还没有一份包含不同脑区EVs的 "bdEV图谱"。为了填补这一空白,我们从单个个体的八个脑部解剖区域分离出了EVs,并通过数量、大小、形态、蛋白质和RNA含量对其进行了表征。小脑的EV颗粒数量最多,而眶额叶、中央后回和丘脑的EV颗粒数量最少。EV表面表型显示,在所有区域,CD81和CD9的含量都高于CD63。不同脑区的细胞富集表面标记物各不相同。例如,推定的神经元标记物 NCAM、CD271 和 NRCAM 分别在延髓、小脑和枕叶区域含量更高。这些发现虽然仅限于来自单个个体的组织,但表明有必要进行更多的研究,以便更深入地了解中枢神经系统中 EV 异质性与功能之间的联系。
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引用次数: 0
JRA volume 33 issue 4 Cover and Back matter JRA 第 33 卷第 4 期封面和封底
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1356186323000494
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引用次数: 0
Tabula Gratulatoria Tabula Gratulatoria
4区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-09-29 DOI: 10.1017/s1356186323000457
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引用次数: 0
Tokugawa Yoshimune and his healthcare projects 德川吉本和他的医疗项目
4区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1017/s1356186323000445
Regina Huebner
Abstract In Japanese scholarship, the notion of public health is closely associated with modernisation and the adoption of Western medicine in the nineteenth century, which influenced the centralisation of medical affairs and the establishment of hospitals. This article aims to challenge this assumption. A closer look at Japan's medical history shows that government institutions caring for the sick and destitute existed before the introduction of Western concepts of medicine. Furthermore, Japan had other ways of providing welfare, in addition to establishing hospitals. These included government-sponsored medical manuals designed to deliver healthcare via published texts, an aspect of welfare that has been neglected in the history of public health in Japan. This article fills this gap by illuminating and grasping lesser-known strands of healthcare delivery to enhance our understanding of the relationship between the state and medicine in early modern Japan. In particular, it examines welfare initiatives implemented by the tenth shogun, Tokugawa Yoshimune (r. 1716–1745), a prominent and well-researched figure in the history of Tokugawa Japan and a key player who laid the foundations of welfare in this era.
在日本学术界,公共卫生的概念与19世纪的现代化和西医的采用密切相关,这影响了医疗事务的集中化和医院的建立。本文旨在挑战这一假设。仔细研究日本的医学史就会发现,在西方医学概念传入之前,政府就已经有了照顾病人和穷人的机构。此外,除了建立医院外,日本还有其他提供福利的方式。其中包括政府资助的医疗手册,旨在通过出版的文本提供医疗保健,这是日本公共卫生史上被忽视的福利方面。这篇文章填补了这一空白,通过阐明和掌握鲜为人知的医疗保健服务,以增强我们对近代早期日本国家与医学之间关系的理解。特别地,它考察了第十代幕府将军德川吉本(1716-1745年)实施的福利倡议,德川吉本是日本德川历史上一位杰出的、被充分研究的人物,也是这个时代奠定福利基础的关键人物。
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Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
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