Pub Date : 2019-10-05DOI: 10.4090/juee.2019.v13n2.219227
A. Kleshchov, C. Hugi, O. Terentiev, S. Zaichenko
The objective of this paper is to provide new research on the linkages between voltage asymmetry, energy efficiency, and resource efficiency to inform policymaking in this area about the possibilities of electricity saving potential. Asymmetry voltage coefficients value in Ukrainian grid were experimentally identified based on assessments of 23 Ukrainian companies during 2016-2018. It was estimated, that 26 % of transformers have asymmetry voltage coefficient of reverse sequence lower than 2 % and 12 % of transformers have asymmetry voltage coefficient of zero sequence lower than 2 %. The estimated resource saving potential for Ukrainian power generating plants is up to 1’978 GWhel/a, which is up to 1.5 % of total electricity produced. Equivalent reducing electricity generation at coal power plants could prevent emissions up to 292.79 t/a of ash emissions; 733 kt/a of CO2 emissions; 5.9 kt/a of SOx emissions; 2.9 kt/a of NOx emissions; 9.03 m3/a of nuclear waste.
{"title":"VOLTAGE ASYMMETRY INFLUENCE ON RESOURCE CON-SUMPTION AT POWER GENERATING PLANTS","authors":"A. Kleshchov, C. Hugi, O. Terentiev, S. Zaichenko","doi":"10.4090/juee.2019.v13n2.219227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4090/juee.2019.v13n2.219227","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this paper is to provide new research on the linkages between voltage asymmetry, energy efficiency, and resource efficiency to inform policymaking in this area about the possibilities of electricity saving potential. Asymmetry voltage coefficients value in Ukrainian grid were experimentally identified based on assessments of 23 Ukrainian companies during 2016-2018. It was estimated, that 26 % of transformers have asymmetry voltage coefficient of reverse sequence lower than 2 % and 12 % of transformers have asymmetry voltage coefficient of zero sequence lower than 2 %. The estimated resource saving potential for Ukrainian power generating plants is up to 1’978 GWhel/a, which is up to 1.5 % of total electricity produced. Equivalent reducing electricity generation at coal power plants could prevent emissions up to 292.79 t/a of ash emissions; 733 kt/a of CO2 emissions; 5.9 kt/a of SOx emissions; 2.9 kt/a of NOx emissions; 9.03 m3/a of nuclear waste.","PeriodicalId":17594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43137717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-05DOI: 10.4090/juee.2019.v13n2.235245
Anila Cyril, Raviraj H. Mulangi, Varghese George
The increasing interest in sustainable modes of transport such as public transport has triggered the need for evaluation of accessibility to and from the transit service. Accessibility to the transit service determines the service attractiveness and hence better accessibility increases the demand. Although accessibility has been the focus of research in the past few decades, it still remains a concept that has been poorly defined and hence finding a theoretically good and operationally sound measure of accessibility is a challenging task. The objective of this paper is to develop a composite public transport accessibility index using Geographic Information System (GIS) as a case study of an Indian city, Trivandrum. This concept is a spatio-temporal GIS-based public transport accessibility model which includes travel modes of walking and bus transit, travel impedance and service coverage of the transit network. The methodology used in the study is based on the factor that the index should measure the accessibility which comes from proximity to bus stops and land use destinations and the proportion of the population served.
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF A GIS-BASED COMPOSITE PUBLIC TRANSPORT ACCESSIBILITY INDEX","authors":"Anila Cyril, Raviraj H. Mulangi, Varghese George","doi":"10.4090/juee.2019.v13n2.235245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4090/juee.2019.v13n2.235245","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing interest in sustainable modes of transport such as public transport has triggered the need for evaluation of accessibility to and from the transit service. Accessibility to the transit service determines the service attractiveness and hence better accessibility increases the demand. Although accessibility has been the focus of research in the past few decades, it still remains a concept that has been poorly defined and hence finding a theoretically good and operationally sound measure of accessibility is a challenging task. The objective of this paper is to develop a composite public transport accessibility index using Geographic Information System (GIS) as a case study of an Indian city, Trivandrum. This concept is a spatio-temporal GIS-based public transport accessibility model which includes travel modes of walking and bus transit, travel impedance and service coverage of the transit network. The methodology used in the study is based on the factor that the index should measure the accessibility which comes from proximity to bus stops and land use destinations and the proportion of the population served.","PeriodicalId":17594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43868589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-05DOI: 10.4090/juee.2019.v13n2.228234
Sarang Agarwal, Sowmya Vilvanathan, S. Shanthakumar
The present study evaluates the feasibility of an adsorbent prepared from Annona squamosa (custard apple) peel, in removing Congo red dye from its aqueous solution. Batch experiments were carried out to study the effect of various parameters like pH (2-8), adsorbent dose (0.005-0.5 g/100mL), contact time (5-120 min), initial dye concentration (25-200 mg/L) and temperature (298-308 K) to determine its effectiveness as an adsorbent. Maximum dye removal attained at pH 2, adsorbent dose 0.1 g/100mL in equilibrium time of 45 min at 308K. Adsorption kinetics using pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order models, and adsorption isotherm using Langmuir and Freundlich models were studied. The adsorption process was found to follow pseudo-second order kinetic model and more favourably described the Langmuir isotherm model. The Gibbs free energy was found to be negative, signifying the spontaneous nature of the adsorption process. Removal of Congo red dye from its aqueous solution by custard apple peel was found to be an endothermic process. The results of the present study suggest that custard apple can be effectively used as an adsorbent to remove Congo red dye from aqueous solution.
{"title":"ADSORPTION KINETICS, ISOTHERMS, THERMODYNAMICS STUDIES ON THE REMOVAL OF CONGO RED DYE USING ANNONA SQUAMOSA (CUSTARD APPLE) PEEL","authors":"Sarang Agarwal, Sowmya Vilvanathan, S. Shanthakumar","doi":"10.4090/juee.2019.v13n2.228234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4090/juee.2019.v13n2.228234","url":null,"abstract":"The present study evaluates the feasibility of an adsorbent prepared from Annona squamosa (custard apple) peel, in removing Congo red dye from its aqueous solution. Batch experiments were carried out to study the effect of various parameters like pH (2-8), adsorbent dose (0.005-0.5 g/100mL), contact time (5-120 min), initial dye concentration (25-200 mg/L) and temperature (298-308 K) to determine its effectiveness as an adsorbent. Maximum dye removal attained at pH 2, adsorbent dose 0.1 g/100mL in equilibrium time of 45 min at 308K. Adsorption kinetics using pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order models, and adsorption isotherm using Langmuir and Freundlich models were studied. The adsorption process was found to follow pseudo-second order kinetic model and more favourably described the Langmuir isotherm model. The Gibbs free energy was found to be negative, signifying the spontaneous nature of the adsorption process. Removal of Congo red dye from its aqueous solution by custard apple peel was found to be an endothermic process. The results of the present study suggest that custard apple can be effectively used as an adsorbent to remove Congo red dye from aqueous solution.","PeriodicalId":17594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48284717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-05DOI: 10.4090/juee.2019.v13n1.115124
Caroline Visentin, Pedro Nicola Zanella, Bruna Koppe Kronhardt, A. Trentin, A. Braun, A. Thomé
One of the main sources of soil and water (superficial and subterranean) contamination is the inadequate solid waste disposal. In this sense, sanitary landfills have great importance for environmental protection, and in these systems, the geosynthetics materials, such as the Geosynthetic Clay Liner (GCL), are widely employed. However, for landfills with leachate recirculation, the application of GCL is vetoed by many government agencies. In view of this, this study sought to provide an analysis of recent advances in application of GCL in landfill sites. For this reason, the main configurations of landfills and characteristics of its leachate were presented, as well as of the GCL by means of case studies applied to the context. The results indicated that the most important parameter to be evaluated in GCL performance is its hydraulic conductivity, which can be influenced directly by leachate composition (conventional and recirculated) as to the presence of cations and anions. Thus, it is concluded that the evaluation of these characteristics is essential to ensure the proper performance of GCL in landfills.
{"title":"USE OF GEOSYNTHETIC CLAY LINER AS A WATERPROOFING BARRIER IN SANITARY LANDFILLS","authors":"Caroline Visentin, Pedro Nicola Zanella, Bruna Koppe Kronhardt, A. Trentin, A. Braun, A. Thomé","doi":"10.4090/juee.2019.v13n1.115124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4090/juee.2019.v13n1.115124","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main sources of soil and water (superficial and subterranean) contamination is the inadequate solid waste disposal. In this sense, sanitary landfills have great importance for environmental protection, and in these systems, the geosynthetics materials, such as the Geosynthetic Clay Liner (GCL), are widely employed. However, for landfills with leachate recirculation, the application of GCL is vetoed by many government agencies. In view of this, this study sought to provide an analysis of recent advances in application of GCL in landfill sites. For this reason, the main configurations of landfills and characteristics of its leachate were presented, as well as of the GCL by means of case studies applied to the context. The results indicated that the most important parameter to be evaluated in GCL performance is its hydraulic conductivity, which can be influenced directly by leachate composition (conventional and recirculated) as to the presence of cations and anions. Thus, it is concluded that the evaluation of these characteristics is essential to ensure the proper performance of GCL in landfills.","PeriodicalId":17594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46278254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-05DOI: 10.4090/juee.2019.v13n1.125133
A. N. Fitriani, K. Dewi, L. Tursilowati
Urban Heat Island is usually caused by Land use Land-Cover Changes (LULCC), including in Jakarta-Indonesia. Rapid development in Jakarta causes green open space to decrease and increase surface temperature in urban areas. In addition, Urban Heat Island also affects the spread of pollutants due to increased turbulence. Therefore, this study aims to find the link between temperature rise in DKI Jakarta which is influenced by land cover changes to pollutant spread such as NO2, PM10, and O3. This research begins with data processing observation of average temperature of DKI Jakarta area with meteorology station Tangerang, Banten for spatial calculation from year 2011-2016. In addition, LANDSAT 8 satellite image data is processed for spatial land and temperature encapsulation with Remote Sensing software from 2013-2015. As a result, in 2013 and 2015 there is a reduction in the area of vegetation that turns into non-vegetation (residential and industrial areas) that affect the temperature of the DKI Jakarta region is increasing. After that, sought the linkage between Urban Heat Island and the spread of pollutant concentrations in DKI Jakarta in 2013 and 2015. As a result, the increase of Jakarta area temperature, especially in pollutant observation area at five points, influenced the distribution of pollutant NO2, O3, and PM10 pollutant concentration balance with the dominan area such as roadside, industry, settlement in the time and area study in DKI Jakarta.
{"title":"IDENTIFICATION OF URBAN HEAT ISLAND SPREADING TO CONCENTRATION OF NO2, O3, AND PM10 POLLUTANT IN DKI JAKARTA","authors":"A. N. Fitriani, K. Dewi, L. Tursilowati","doi":"10.4090/juee.2019.v13n1.125133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4090/juee.2019.v13n1.125133","url":null,"abstract":"Urban Heat Island is usually caused by Land use Land-Cover Changes (LULCC), including in Jakarta-Indonesia. Rapid development in Jakarta causes green open space to decrease and increase surface temperature in urban areas. In addition, Urban Heat Island also affects the spread of pollutants due to increased turbulence. Therefore, this study aims to find the link between temperature rise in DKI Jakarta which is influenced by land cover changes to pollutant spread such as NO2, PM10, and O3. \u0000This research begins with data processing observation of average temperature of DKI Jakarta area with meteorology station Tangerang, Banten for spatial calculation from year 2011-2016. In addition, LANDSAT 8 satellite image data is processed for spatial land and temperature encapsulation with Remote Sensing software from 2013-2015. As a result, in 2013 and 2015 there is a reduction in the area of vegetation that turns into non-vegetation (residential and industrial areas) that affect the temperature of the DKI Jakarta region is increasing. After that, sought the linkage between Urban Heat Island and the spread of pollutant concentrations in DKI Jakarta in 2013 and 2015. As a result, the increase of Jakarta area temperature, especially in pollutant observation area at five points, influenced the distribution of pollutant NO2, O3, and PM10 pollutant concentration balance with the dominan area such as roadside, industry, settlement in the time and area study in DKI Jakarta.","PeriodicalId":17594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47549969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-05DOI: 10.4090/juee.2019.v13n1.003012
A. Ajayi-Banji, D. A. Jenyo, Jubril Bello, M. A. Adegbile
Ceramic ware waste generation is becoming a global concern because of the increasing volume, hazardous nature, limited reusability, and poor waste management practices. This study examined the feasibility and efficacy of the inclusion of this waste as complementary aggregate in solid masonry unit production with bias interest on the compressive strength and water absorbability. Three particle sizes (1.4, 1.7, and 2.0 mm) of crushed ceramic ware waste were blended with natural fine aggregate under three different mix ratios (10, 20, and 30%) to produce the masonry units cured for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days prior to compressive tests analysis. Afterwards, some of the categories cured for 28-days were subjected to water absorption test. Morphology and elemental composition of the aggregates were also inspected using SEM-EDM machine. Also investigated were some of the aggregates’ physical properties. Results indicated that most of the waste-modified solid masonry units not only had water absorption capacity within required standard. The values were equally lower than the unmodified dense block (control) by 27 - 50%. Of the eighteen different categories produced, all M20T14, M20T21, and M30T28 modified dense masonry unit series with P1.7 (1.7 mm) and P2.0 (2.0 mm) particle sizes had high crushing force, compressive strength, and modulus range, which were 57 - 70 kN, 57 - 61 kN, 59 - 76 kN; 5.1 - 5.2 MPa, 5.1 - 5.5 MPa, 5.3 – 6.8 MPa; and 400 – 441 MPa, 411 – 419 MPa, 468 – 480 MPa respectively. Hence, modified masonry units with particle sizes P1.7 and P2.0 under the M20T14, M20T21, and M30T28 series are suitable masonry units for non-loading construction purposes. Interestingly, modified masonry unit (M30P2.0T7) cured under 7 days could also fit into this category. Hence, utilization of ceramic ware waste as co-aggregate in dense masonry units with M20 and M30 series production were established in this study for non-loading construction purposes
{"title":"CERAMIC WASTE REUSABILITY: EFFECT OF AGGREGATE GRAIN SIZE AND MIX RATIO ON LIGHTWEIGHT DENSE MASONRY UNIT PRODUCTION","authors":"A. Ajayi-Banji, D. A. Jenyo, Jubril Bello, M. A. Adegbile","doi":"10.4090/juee.2019.v13n1.003012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4090/juee.2019.v13n1.003012","url":null,"abstract":"Ceramic ware waste generation is becoming a global concern because of the increasing volume, hazardous nature, limited reusability, and poor waste management practices. This study examined the feasibility and efficacy of the inclusion of this waste as complementary aggregate in solid masonry unit production with bias interest on the compressive strength and water absorbability. Three particle sizes (1.4, 1.7, and 2.0 mm) of crushed ceramic ware waste were blended with natural fine aggregate under three different mix ratios (10, 20, and 30%) to produce the masonry units cured for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days prior to compressive tests analysis. Afterwards, some of the categories cured for 28-days were subjected to water absorption test. Morphology and elemental composition of the aggregates were also inspected using SEM-EDM machine. Also investigated were some of the aggregates’ physical properties. Results indicated that most of the waste-modified solid masonry units not only had water absorption capacity within required standard. The values were equally lower than the unmodified dense block (control) by 27 - 50%. Of the eighteen different categories produced, all M20T14, M20T21, and M30T28 modified dense masonry unit series with P1.7 (1.7 mm) and P2.0 (2.0 mm) particle sizes had high crushing force, compressive strength, and modulus range, which were 57 - 70 kN, 57 - 61 kN, 59 - 76 kN; 5.1 - 5.2 MPa, 5.1 - 5.5 MPa, 5.3 – 6.8 MPa; and 400 – 441 MPa, 411 – 419 MPa, 468 – 480 MPa respectively. Hence, modified masonry units with particle sizes P1.7 and P2.0 under the M20T14, M20T21, and M30T28 series are suitable masonry units for non-loading construction purposes. Interestingly, modified masonry unit (M30P2.0T7) cured under 7 days could also fit into this category. Hence, utilization of ceramic ware waste as co-aggregate in dense masonry units with M20 and M30 series production were established in this study for non-loading construction purposes","PeriodicalId":17594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41694316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.4090/juee.2019.v13n1.034041
K. Noureddine, A. Mohammed, C. Santos, D. Abdelkader, Bradaï Abdelhamid Bradaï Abdelhamid, V. Nascimento
Soil salinity is one of the most damaging environmental issues worldwide, essentially in arid and semi-arid regions, caused by various factors. Spatial estimation and prediction of salinity is important to predict land evaluation in order to develop and determine leaching factor and the precise management for maximum production. The Lower Cheliff is characterized by the augmentation of rate of soil salinity with 80 % of area. In this study, we have analyzed the relationship between both elevation and soil salinity, giving their role in understanding and estimating the spatial distribution of soil salinity in the Lower Cheliff plain. To conduct this work, we have taken 406 samples and analysis of electric conductivity as well as measurement of the elevation with a GPS, we analyzed the correlations of soil salinity with elevation. In this study we have given a great focus on the use of the multiple linear regressions, Ordinary kriging and artificial neural network methods, the results showed that soil salinity had a good correlation with elevation, and according to the values of coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE), implied superiority of MLP model with the value of R² = 0.994, RMSE= 0.63 and MAE = 0.33.
土壤盐分是世界范围内最具破坏性的环境问题之一，主要发生在干旱和半干旱地区，由各种因素引起。盐碱度的空间估算与预测是土地评价预测的重要内容，是开发和确定浸出因子、进行精确管理、实现产量最大化的重要手段。下切里夫的特征是土壤盐度增加，面积增加了80%。在本研究中，我们分析了海拔与土壤盐度的关系，给出了它们在理解和估计下切里夫平原土壤盐度的空间分布中的作用。为了开展这项工作，我们采集了406个样品，并利用GPS进行了电导率分析和海拔测量，分析了土壤盐度与海拔的相关性。本研究重点运用多元线性回归、普通克里格和人工神经网络等方法，结果表明土壤盐分与海拔高度具有良好的相关性，根据决定系数(R2)、均方根误差(RMSE)和平均绝对误差(MAE)的值，表明MLP模型的优越性，其R²= 0.994,RMSE= 0.63, MAE = 0.33。
{"title":"Spatial modeling of soil salinity using multiple linear regression, ordinary kriging and artificial neural network methods in the Lower Cheliff plain, Algeria","authors":"K. Noureddine, A. Mohammed, C. Santos, D. Abdelkader, Bradaï Abdelhamid Bradaï Abdelhamid, V. Nascimento","doi":"10.4090/juee.2019.v13n1.034041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4090/juee.2019.v13n1.034041","url":null,"abstract":"Soil salinity is one of the most damaging environmental issues worldwide, essentially in arid and semi-arid regions, caused by various factors. Spatial estimation and prediction of salinity is important to predict land evaluation in order to develop and determine leaching factor and the precise management for maximum production. The Lower Cheliff is characterized by the augmentation of rate of soil salinity with 80 % of area. In this study, we have analyzed the relationship between both elevation and soil salinity, giving their role in understanding and estimating the spatial distribution of soil salinity in the Lower Cheliff plain. To conduct this work, we have taken 406 samples and analysis of electric conductivity as well as measurement of the elevation with a GPS, we analyzed the correlations of soil salinity with elevation. In this study we have given a great focus on the use of the multiple linear regressions, Ordinary kriging and artificial neural network methods, the results showed that soil salinity had a good correlation with elevation, and according to the values of coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE), implied superiority of MLP model with the value of R² = 0.994, RMSE= 0.63 and MAE = 0.33.","PeriodicalId":17594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44816062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.4090/juee.2019.v13n1.042058
Jussara Freire de Souza Viana, S. Montenegro, B. B. Silva, R. Silva, R. Srinivasan
The aim of this research is to estimate the sediment yield in the Pirapama River Basin and in the area of contribution of the Pirapama Reservoir and to identify areas susceptible to soil erosion for identification of critical erosion watersheds during the period from 2000 to 2010. This study was conducted to design a framework for evaluating and identifying critical erosion in Pirapama watershed, based on the tolerable erosion concept, by using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. SWAT was calibrated and validated for two streamflow stations (Cachoeira Tapada and Destilaria Inexport) for the period from 2000 to 2010. The results show that the simulated data for Cachoeira Tapada station were considered good (NS = 0.68 and R² = 0.71) and very good (PBIAS = 1.46%). Regarding the statistical data in the validation, the values of NS (0.67), R² (0.85), and PBIAS (19.18%) were considered good, very good, and satisfactory, respectively. The statistical data obtained in the calibration of the model for the fluviometric station Destilaria Inexport indicated that the simulated data are considered very good, with R² = 0.84, NS = 0.81, and PBIAS = 2.33%. In the validation, the statistics showed values consistent with the literature, with NS = 0.72, R² = 0.86, and PBIAS = –19.11%, which are considered good, very good, and satisfactory, respectively. The estimated average sediment yield in the Pirapama River basin ranged from 0.10 to 129.90 ton/ha.year. The results of the sediment yield estimates in the contribution area of the Pirapama Reservoir showed that the mean sediment yield of the sub-basins upstream of the Pirapama Reservoir was 61.49 ton/ha.year for the period analysed. According to the annual estimates performed, 5.59 ton/ha.year of this amount reaches the Pirapama Reservoir, which corresponds to 9% of the soil losses incident in the area. Thus, the sub-basins upstream of the Pirapama Reservoir were identified as portions of the basin that are susceptible to the erosion process. Sediment yield in these portions can interfere with the volume of water of the Pirapama Reservoir when the eroded material is carried to the depth of the lake.
{"title":"SWAT parameterization for identification of critical erosion watersheds in the Pirapama River basin, Brazil","authors":"Jussara Freire de Souza Viana, S. Montenegro, B. B. Silva, R. Silva, R. Srinivasan","doi":"10.4090/juee.2019.v13n1.042058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4090/juee.2019.v13n1.042058","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research is to estimate the sediment yield in the Pirapama River Basin and in the area of contribution of the Pirapama Reservoir and to identify areas susceptible to soil erosion for identification of critical erosion watersheds during the period from 2000 to 2010. This study was conducted to design a framework for evaluating and identifying critical erosion in Pirapama watershed, based on the tolerable erosion concept, by using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. SWAT was calibrated and validated for two streamflow stations (Cachoeira Tapada and Destilaria Inexport) for the period from 2000 to 2010. The results show that the simulated data for Cachoeira Tapada station were considered good (NS = 0.68 and R² = 0.71) and very good (PBIAS = 1.46%). Regarding the statistical data in the validation, the values of NS (0.67), R² (0.85), and PBIAS (19.18%) were considered good, very good, and satisfactory, respectively. The statistical data obtained in the calibration of the model for the fluviometric station Destilaria Inexport indicated that the simulated data are considered very good, with R² = 0.84, NS = 0.81, and PBIAS = 2.33%. In the validation, the statistics showed values consistent with the literature, with NS = 0.72, R² = 0.86, and PBIAS = –19.11%, which are considered good, very good, and satisfactory, respectively. The estimated average sediment yield in the Pirapama River basin ranged from 0.10 to 129.90 ton/ha.year. The results of the sediment yield estimates in the contribution area of the Pirapama Reservoir showed that the mean sediment yield of the sub-basins upstream of the Pirapama Reservoir was 61.49 ton/ha.year for the period analysed. According to the annual estimates performed, 5.59 ton/ha.year of this amount reaches the Pirapama Reservoir, which corresponds to 9% of the soil losses incident in the area. Thus, the sub-basins upstream of the Pirapama Reservoir were identified as portions of the basin that are susceptible to the erosion process. Sediment yield in these portions can interfere with the volume of water of the Pirapama Reservoir when the eroded material is carried to the depth of the lake.","PeriodicalId":17594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45544391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-16DOI: 10.4090/juee.2019.v12n1.102105
K. Naouaoui, A. Bouyahyaoui, T. Cherradi
Recycled aggregate concrete is considered the next generation in the field of construction: it respects the environment, solves the problem of debris management and is economically profitable. In order to better adapt its use, technical studies, experimental studies and simulations are carried out in all research centers around the world in order to define its field of application. Our study falls within this framework. It is concerned with the study of the mechanical characteristics of recycled aggregate concrete essentially the compression test for various percentages of replacement. The purpose of this study is to confirm the results of studies by other researchers and to find techniques that will maximize the replacement of natural aggregates with recycled aggregates. The concrete chosen for these tests is an old building in the region of Rabat, Morocco which has been built more than 40 years and demolished in the year of 2017. The tests carried out showed a decrease in the compressive resistance noted when the replacement rates exceed 50% rate. The first improvement methods were put in place and being tested: the partial replacement of cement with pozzolan (20% rate) known by his improving of the compressive strength for ordinary concrete, the partial replacement of the large proportion [12.5-31.5] only in recycled concrete and work with natural gravels. Other improvements will be proposed as the studies progress.
{"title":"IMPACT OF USING RECYCLED AGGREGATES ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE","authors":"K. Naouaoui, A. Bouyahyaoui, T. Cherradi","doi":"10.4090/juee.2019.v12n1.102105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4090/juee.2019.v12n1.102105","url":null,"abstract":"Recycled aggregate concrete is considered the next generation in the field of construction: it respects the environment, solves the problem of debris management and is economically profitable. In order to better adapt its use, technical studies, experimental studies and simulations are carried out in all research centers around the world in order to define its field of application. Our study falls within this framework. It is concerned with the study of the mechanical characteristics of recycled aggregate concrete essentially the compression test for various percentages of replacement. The purpose of this study is to confirm the results of studies by other researchers and to find techniques that will maximize the replacement of natural aggregates with recycled aggregates. The concrete chosen for these tests is an old building in the region of Rabat, Morocco which has been built more than 40 years and demolished in the year of 2017. The tests carried out showed a decrease in the compressive resistance noted when the replacement rates exceed 50% rate. The first improvement methods were put in place and being tested: the partial replacement of cement with pozzolan (20% rate) known by his improving of the compressive strength for ordinary concrete, the partial replacement of the large proportion [12.5-31.5] only in recycled concrete and work with natural gravels. Other improvements will be proposed as the studies progress.","PeriodicalId":17594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44725337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Model reference adaptive system(MRAS) based techniques are one of the best method to estimate the rotor speed due to its performance and straight forward stability approach.These techniques use two different models which have made the speed estimation a reliable scheme especially when the variations.The scheme use the stator equation and rotor equation as the reference model and the adjustable model respectively.The output error from both models is tuned using a PI controller yielding the estimated rotor speed.It presents the identification and parameter estimation of an induction motor model with parameters varying as functions of the operating conditions. A Sensorless torque control system for induction motors is developed. The system allows for fast and precise torque tracking over a wide range of speed.The induction motor is controlled through field orientation techniques that require knowledge of the rotor speed.Since speed sensors decrease the reliability of a drive system (and increase its price), a common trend in motor control is to use an observer to estimate speed.
{"title":"A STUDY OF MRAS BASED SPEED ESTIMATION OF SENSORLESS INDUCTION MOTOR USING MATLAB AND SIMULINK MODELLING","authors":"Surya Prakash Pattanayak, Divya Prakash Pattanayak","doi":"10.4090/juee.2019.v13n2.246256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4090/juee.2019.v13n2.246256","url":null,"abstract":"Model reference adaptive system(MRAS) based techniques are one of the best method to estimate the rotor speed due to its performance and straight forward stability approach.These techniques use two different models which have made the speed estimation a reliable scheme especially when the variations.The scheme use the stator equation and rotor equation as the reference model and the adjustable model respectively.The output error from both models is tuned using a PI controller yielding the estimated rotor speed.It presents the identification and parameter estimation of an induction motor model with parameters varying as functions of the operating conditions. A Sensorless torque control system for induction motors is developed. The system allows for fast and precise torque tracking over a wide range of speed.The induction motor is controlled through field orientation techniques that require knowledge of the rotor speed.Since speed sensors decrease the reliability of a drive system (and increase its price), a common trend in motor control is to use an observer to estimate speed.","PeriodicalId":17594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45408096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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