Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-06
Han Lee Jin, Lillybia Emily Ebin
This study reviewed the pattern of malocclusion among orthodontic patients in East Coast of Sabah and the type of treatment indicated for the patients. A total of 138 pre-treatment orthodontic records of patients who attended the orthodontic consultation clinic in year 2018 were included in this cross-sectional retrospective study. Data taken were demographic data, source of referral, BSI (British Standards Institutes) incisor classification, skeletal pattern, and type of treatment. All data were analysed descriptively using Stata 15. Based on the results, mean age of the patients was 16.89 ± 0.37 years. More females sought orthodontic treatment (n=101, 73.19%) than males. Majority of the patients were Chinese (n=68, 49.28%) and Bumiputera Sabah (n=55, 39.86%). Main source of referral was from dental officers (n=128, 92.75%). The distribution of malocclusion showed high percentage of Class II division 1 (n=56, 40.58%), followed by Class III (n=45, 32.61%), Class I (n=34, 24.64%) and Class II division 2 (n=3, 2.17%). For skeletal pattern, more patients presented with Class II (n=54, 39.13%), while the number of patients presented with Class I and Class III were equal (n=42, 30.43%). Class III malocclusion (n=29, 42.65%) and Class III skeletal pattern (n=29, 42.65%) were more common in Chinese patients. Treatment indicated was mostly fixed orthodontic appliance (n=120, 86.96%). In conclusion, Class II Division 1 malocclusion and Class II skeletal pattern were most common among the patients. Class III malocclusion and Class III skeletal pattern were typical features among the Chinese patients. Fixed orthodontic appliance was the most common treatment method. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-06
{"title":"Pattern of Malocclusion Among Orthodontic Patients in East Coast of Sabah","authors":"Han Lee Jin, Lillybia Emily Ebin","doi":"10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-06","url":null,"abstract":"This study reviewed the pattern of malocclusion among orthodontic patients in East Coast of Sabah and the type of treatment indicated for the patients. A total of 138 pre-treatment orthodontic records of patients who attended the orthodontic consultation clinic in year 2018 were included in this cross-sectional retrospective study. Data taken were demographic data, source of referral, BSI (British Standards Institutes) incisor classification, skeletal pattern, and type of treatment. All data were analysed descriptively using Stata 15. Based on the results, mean age of the patients was 16.89 ± 0.37 years. More females sought orthodontic treatment (n=101, 73.19%) than males. Majority of the patients were Chinese (n=68, 49.28%) and Bumiputera Sabah (n=55, 39.86%). Main source of referral was from dental officers (n=128, 92.75%). The distribution of malocclusion showed high percentage of Class II division 1 (n=56, 40.58%), followed by Class III (n=45, 32.61%), Class I (n=34, 24.64%) and Class II division 2 (n=3, 2.17%). For skeletal pattern, more patients presented with Class II (n=54, 39.13%), while the number of patients presented with Class I and Class III were equal (n=42, 30.43%). Class III malocclusion (n=29, 42.65%) and Class III skeletal pattern (n=29, 42.65%) were more common in Chinese patients. Treatment indicated was mostly fixed orthodontic appliance (n=120, 86.96%). In conclusion, Class II Division 1 malocclusion and Class II skeletal pattern were most common among the patients. Class III malocclusion and Class III skeletal pattern were typical features among the Chinese patients. Fixed orthodontic appliance was the most common treatment method. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-06","PeriodicalId":17686,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49534944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.17576/jskm-2021-1902-12
H. Abdullah, Norlida Mamat, N. Zakaria, Nur Iman Fatihah MOHD YUNAN, Muhammad Irfan NOOR HISHAM, Hermizi Hapidin
Breast cancer and cervical cancer are among the leading causes of death among women in the world. Even though chemotherapy is available as cancer treatment, the development of drug resistance in both cancer cells has reduced the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs in such treatment. The current study was aimed to evaluate the cell viability of human breast cancer cells, MCF -7, and cervical cancer cells, HeLa upon the combination treatment of ascorbic acid and tamoxifen. The cell viability was measured using the MTT assay, with an incubation period of 72 hours in a humidified CO 2 incubator. The concentrations of tamoxifen and ascorbic acid that reduced 50% of the cell population ( IC 50 ) were determined from the dose-response curve. The IC 50 concentration was used to determine the cell viability in the treated cells. CompuSyn software was used to evaluate the combined effects towards both cells upon treatment and the results were calculated as combination index ( CI ). The data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism (version 7) . Statistical analysis was performed using an independent t-test. The IC 50 values of tamoxifen and ascorbic acid on MCF -7 cells were 14.53 µg/ml and 15.8 µg/ml respectively, while the IC 50 values of tamoxifen and ascorbic acid on HeLa cells were 11.09 µg/ml and 202.3 µg/ml respectively. The combination of tamoxifen and ascorbic acid exerted a greater growth reduction percentage in both cells compared to tamoxifen alone. The results indicated that ascorbic acid synergizes the cytotoxic effect of tamoxifen at lower concentrations towards MCF -7 cells with a CI less than 1. However, the combination of tamoxifen and ascorbic acid exerted an antagonistic effect in HeLa cells, with a CI more than 1.
{"title":"Combination Effect of Tamoxifen and Ascorbic Acid Treatment on Breast Cancer Cells (MCF-7) and Cervical Cancer Cells (HeLa)","authors":"H. Abdullah, Norlida Mamat, N. Zakaria, Nur Iman Fatihah MOHD YUNAN, Muhammad Irfan NOOR HISHAM, Hermizi Hapidin","doi":"10.17576/jskm-2021-1902-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jskm-2021-1902-12","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer and cervical cancer are among the leading causes of death among women in the world. Even though chemotherapy is available as cancer treatment, the development of drug resistance in both cancer cells has reduced the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs in such treatment. The current study was aimed to evaluate the cell viability of human breast cancer cells, MCF -7, and cervical cancer cells, HeLa upon the combination treatment of ascorbic acid and tamoxifen. The cell viability was measured using the MTT assay, with an incubation period of 72 hours in a humidified CO 2 incubator. The concentrations of tamoxifen and ascorbic acid that reduced 50% of the cell population ( IC 50 ) were determined from the dose-response curve. The IC 50 concentration was used to determine the cell viability in the treated cells. CompuSyn software was used to evaluate the combined effects towards both cells upon treatment and the results were calculated as combination index ( CI ). The data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism (version 7) . Statistical analysis was performed using an independent t-test. The IC 50 values of tamoxifen and ascorbic acid on MCF -7 cells were 14.53 µg/ml and 15.8 µg/ml respectively, while the IC 50 values of tamoxifen and ascorbic acid on HeLa cells were 11.09 µg/ml and 202.3 µg/ml respectively. The combination of tamoxifen and ascorbic acid exerted a greater growth reduction percentage in both cells compared to tamoxifen alone. The results indicated that ascorbic acid synergizes the cytotoxic effect of tamoxifen at lower concentrations towards MCF -7 cells with a CI less than 1. However, the combination of tamoxifen and ascorbic acid exerted an antagonistic effect in HeLa cells, with a CI more than 1.","PeriodicalId":17686,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46158837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-01
Nadiah Mohamad Nor, L. Wee, Caryn Hsien Chan Mei
{"title":"Workplace Health Intervention For Physical Activity And Or Nutrition In Middle Income And Low Income Countries : A Systematic Review","authors":"Nadiah Mohamad Nor, L. Wee, Caryn Hsien Chan Mei","doi":"10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17686,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42222934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-02
H. Ibrahim
Articulation errors commonly occur in children with Cleft Lip and/or Palate (CLP) and adversely affect overall speech intelligibility. It is important to address articulation errors early to reduce the impact on long term communication skills. Parental involvement has been shown to increase the effectiveness of speech therapy because parents were able to carry out speech therapy tasks consistently with their children in their own homes. This study aimed to develop a Parent-Led Interactive Board Game (PLIBG) for articulation therapy in children with CLP. In Phase I, market survey and website search regarding existing board game were conducted. In Phase II, board game prototypes using the motor approach for speech intervention were developed and trialled. Finally, in Phase III, the usability of the newly developed board game called Monstack [1] was evaluated. Nineteen respondents comprising eight experienced speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and eleven parents of children with CLP or SSD were recruited to test the board game prototype. Findings show that majority of the participants (94.7%) were satisfied with the Monstack board game as a tool for articulation therapy. 89.4% of the participants agreed that the board game is fun and all children wants to play the board game again. Suggestions to improve the board game were also documented. Overall, the first PIBG was developed and may potentially provide a viable alternative to articulation therapy amongst speech-language therapists in Malaysia. [1] The board game developed was named ‘Monstack Board Game’ and used throughout this study. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-02
{"title":"Usability Of An Interactive Board Game As Therapy Tool In Children With Speech Sound Disorders","authors":"H. Ibrahim","doi":"10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-02","url":null,"abstract":"Articulation errors commonly occur in children with Cleft Lip and/or Palate (CLP) and adversely affect overall speech intelligibility. It is important to address articulation errors early to reduce the impact on long term communication skills. Parental involvement has been shown to increase the effectiveness of speech therapy because parents were able to carry out speech therapy tasks consistently with their children in their own homes. This study aimed to develop a Parent-Led Interactive Board Game (PLIBG) for articulation therapy in children with CLP. In Phase I, market survey and website search regarding existing board game were conducted. In Phase II, board game prototypes using the motor approach for speech intervention were developed and trialled. Finally, in Phase III, the usability of the newly developed board game called Monstack [1] was evaluated. Nineteen respondents comprising eight experienced speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and eleven parents of children with CLP or SSD were recruited to test the board game prototype. Findings show that majority of the participants (94.7%) were satisfied with the Monstack board game as a tool for articulation therapy. 89.4% of the participants agreed that the board game is fun and all children wants to play the board game again. Suggestions to improve the board game were also documented. Overall, the first PIBG was developed and may potentially provide a viable alternative to articulation therapy amongst speech-language therapists in Malaysia. [1] The board game developed was named ‘Monstack Board Game’ and used throughout this study. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-02","PeriodicalId":17686,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42167352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-08
Azizah Ahmad Fauzi, C. Ng, L. L. Wong, S. Ho, A. Ashar
The aim of this study was to evaluate the reject rate of periapical and bitewing radiographs among dental undergraduate students of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), identify the type of radiographic errors which are frequently encountered and compare reject rates between Year 3, Year 4 and Year 5 dental undergraduates. 118 rejected periapical radiographs and 27 rejected bitewing radiographs were collected from the UKM dental undergraduates’ polyclinics for a duration of 10 months. These rejected radiographs were further evaluated to determine the type of radiographic error. A spiking increase in periapical radiographs reject rate from Year 3 (4%) to Year 4 (11%) was observed. This finding was consistent with the statistically significant difference in the periapical radiographs reject rates for Year 3 and Year 4 ( p = 0.0475). In periapical radiographs, the most frequently committed radiographic error was apical cut, followed by high density film. Vice versa, high density film was accounted as the most common radiographic error in bitewing radiography. Analysis of periapical and bitewing radiographs’ reject rates among UKM dental undergraduate entails the necessity to supervise undergraduate students regardless of the year of their undergraduate training in all aspects of the radiographic procedures which include positioning radiographic armamentarium, the setting of radiographic exposure time and the film processing procedure. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-08
{"title":"Radiograph’s Reject Rate Among Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Dental Undergraduates And Its Implications","authors":"Azizah Ahmad Fauzi, C. Ng, L. L. Wong, S. Ho, A. Ashar","doi":"10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-08","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the reject rate of periapical and bitewing radiographs among dental undergraduate students of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), identify the type of radiographic errors which are frequently encountered and compare reject rates between Year 3, Year 4 and Year 5 dental undergraduates. 118 rejected periapical radiographs and 27 rejected bitewing radiographs were collected from the UKM dental undergraduates’ polyclinics for a duration of 10 months. These rejected radiographs were further evaluated to determine the type of radiographic error. A spiking increase in periapical radiographs reject rate from Year 3 (4%) to Year 4 (11%) was observed. This finding was consistent with the statistically significant difference in the periapical radiographs reject rates for Year 3 and Year 4 ( p = 0.0475). In periapical radiographs, the most frequently committed radiographic error was apical cut, followed by high density film. Vice versa, high density film was accounted as the most common radiographic error in bitewing radiography. Analysis of periapical and bitewing radiographs’ reject rates among UKM dental undergraduate entails the necessity to supervise undergraduate students regardless of the year of their undergraduate training in all aspects of the radiographic procedures which include positioning radiographic armamentarium, the setting of radiographic exposure time and the film processing procedure. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-08","PeriodicalId":17686,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44956067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.17576/jskm-2021-1902-11
Norhasniza Yaacob, Ruzita Abd Talib, A. Ismail, M. I. Mahmud
Obesity among school children has now reached an alarming level in most developing countries, including Malaysia. Thus, numerous strategies to curb the rising of obesity focusing on school children have been taking place. However, this issue management is complex, and a holistic approach is needed to address it comprehensively. This scoping review aimed to identify the characteristics of obesity interventions conducted among school children in Malaysia as a principal recommendation to develop a comprehensive obesity intervention. Arksey and O'Malley’s framework used to guide the scoping review process. Published articles on intervention studies conducted for school children in Malaysia from 2007 to 2020 retrieved based on keyword using the selected electronic and local databases. The NVivo 12 Plus software used to place findings in the systematic framework matric form and evidence tables. The final results reported in descriptive tables. Eighteen studies only reviewed among 3417 extracted articles. Thirteen aspects of the characteristics of the interventions identified. The influence of environmental intervention (family and school communities) on children lifestyle identified as a research gap. Combined environmental interventions and educational guides with technology application recognised as one of the potential components for future obesity intervention design amongst school children.
{"title":"The Characteristic of Obesity Intervention Studies Among School Children in Malaysia: A Scoping Review","authors":"Norhasniza Yaacob, Ruzita Abd Talib, A. Ismail, M. I. Mahmud","doi":"10.17576/jskm-2021-1902-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jskm-2021-1902-11","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity among school children has now reached an alarming level in most developing countries, including Malaysia. Thus, numerous strategies to curb the rising of obesity focusing on school children have been taking place. However, this issue management is complex, and a holistic approach is needed to address it comprehensively. This scoping review aimed to identify the characteristics of obesity interventions conducted among school children in Malaysia as a principal recommendation to develop a comprehensive obesity intervention. Arksey and O'Malley’s framework used to guide the scoping review process. Published articles on intervention studies conducted for school children in Malaysia from 2007 to 2020 retrieved based on keyword using the selected electronic and local databases. The NVivo 12 Plus software used to place findings in the systematic framework matric form and evidence tables. The final results reported in descriptive tables. Eighteen studies only reviewed among 3417 extracted articles. Thirteen aspects of the characteristics of the interventions identified. The influence of environmental intervention (family and school communities) on children lifestyle identified as a research gap. Combined environmental interventions and educational guides with technology application recognised as one of the potential components for future obesity intervention design amongst school children.","PeriodicalId":17686,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41993428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.17576/jskm-2021-1902-05
Febrial Hikmah, N. Hardiany
{"title":"Articles Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells","authors":"Febrial Hikmah, N. Hardiany","doi":"10.17576/jskm-2021-1902-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jskm-2021-1902-05","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17686,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42100561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-07
Xian Lew, A. Ashari, A. M. Mohamed, May Nak Lau, Rohaya Megat Abdul Wahab, A. Asma, Farinawati Yazid
{"title":"The Use of Removable Retainers to Maintain the Results of Post-Orthodontic Treatment – A Review","authors":"Xian Lew, A. Ashari, A. M. Mohamed, May Nak Lau, Rohaya Megat Abdul Wahab, A. Asma, Farinawati Yazid","doi":"10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-07","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17686,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49173630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-09
A. Ashari, A. Shaari, Khairil Aznan Mohamed Khan, A. Abdullah
{"title":"Intermaxillary Tooth Size Discrepancies and Its Effect on Orthodontic Treatment Outcome","authors":"A. Ashari, A. Shaari, Khairil Aznan Mohamed Khan, A. Abdullah","doi":"10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-09","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17686,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48813938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-04
Nur Syafiqah Mohmed Nor, Afifah Nawi, W. Ahmad, L. Noordin
Sleep deprivation has been identified as a risk factor for various diseases. Number of patients suffering from sleep deprivation is increasing daily, subsequently, increasing the risk to develop various diseases including cardiovascular disease. However, there is a limitation to elucidate the pathophysiological changes following sleep deprivation in human. Thus, the need arises for sleep deprivation models using animal, which will serve the purpose of understanding the disease in a better way. Several techniques have been developed to model sleep deprivation in animals, including the inverted flower pot and multiple platforms techniques. Genetic and environmental factors, cost, infrastructure, and animal life spans are some of the factors need to be considered when choosing a particular model. Besides, when studying sleep deprivation, tissue samples like peripheral blood, brain samples and aorta are used to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of a particular disease. Currently, more than ninety percent of all laboratory animal experiments are conducted in rats and mice. This review article focuses on sleep deprivation models in Rodents, which are generally used in research labs. The article also tries to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each of the technique discussed, also gives guidance toward the sleep deprivation model and helps researchers in deciding a particular model for their own purpose. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-04
{"title":"Sleep Deprivation Models in Rodents","authors":"Nur Syafiqah Mohmed Nor, Afifah Nawi, W. Ahmad, L. Noordin","doi":"10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-04","url":null,"abstract":"Sleep deprivation has been identified as a risk factor for various diseases. Number of patients suffering from sleep deprivation is increasing daily, subsequently, increasing the risk to develop various diseases including cardiovascular disease. However, there is a limitation to elucidate the pathophysiological changes following sleep deprivation in human. Thus, the need arises for sleep deprivation models using animal, which will serve the purpose of understanding the disease in a better way. Several techniques have been developed to model sleep deprivation in animals, including the inverted flower pot and multiple platforms techniques. Genetic and environmental factors, cost, infrastructure, and animal life spans are some of the factors need to be considered when choosing a particular model. Besides, when studying sleep deprivation, tissue samples like peripheral blood, brain samples and aorta are used to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of a particular disease. Currently, more than ninety percent of all laboratory animal experiments are conducted in rats and mice. This review article focuses on sleep deprivation models in Rodents, which are generally used in research labs. The article also tries to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each of the technique discussed, also gives guidance toward the sleep deprivation model and helps researchers in deciding a particular model for their own purpose. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-04","PeriodicalId":17686,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44595414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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