Global Ecology and Biogeography最新文献_第7页

Global Distribution of Mammalian Cradles and Museums is Driven by Past Climate Dynamics and Present Water–Energy Balance 哺乳动物摇篮和博物馆的全球分布受过去气候动态和现在水-能量平衡的影响

IF 6.3 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Global Ecology and Biogeography

Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1111/geb.13914

Matheus L. Araujo, Marco Túlio P. Coelho, Fernanda A. S. Cassemiro, Thiago F. Rangel

Aim

To describe worldwide distribution of mammalian cradles and museums using the rates of phylogenetic lineage turnover as a surrogate. Additionally, we investigated the influences of current water–energy dynamics, climate instability, past climate changes and elevational ranges on the distribution of these evolutionary zones.

Location

Global.

Time Period

Current.

Major Taxa Studied

Terrestrial mammals.

Methods

We developed a new methodology that consists of calculating the spatial phylogenetic turnover for non-overlapping temporal segments of phylogenetic trees. By calculating the relative turnover in each tree segment, we quantified the rate of accumulation of phylogenetic turnover through time. We depicted cold and hotspots of rates of lineage turnover using bivariate maps and examined the effects of environmental factors using a path model.

Results

The distributions of cradles and museums of biodiversity are primarily driven by water–energy dynamics. Environments with higher water availability than energetic demand predominantly act as cradles, as seen in tropical rainforests, while xeric-like environments predominantly serve as museums. Conversely, regions undergoing higher historical climate changes become cradles, such as in higher northern latitudes, while climatically stable areas function as museums. Mountains play a dual role, acting as both cradles and museums by generating new lineages along their elevation bands while simultaneously providing climate refuges for ancient mammal lineages.

Main Conclusions

Our findings demonstrate that cradles and museums are not merely a dichotomy but exist along an evolutionary continuum. Furthermore, they reveal how spatial patterns of mammalian cradles and museums are intricately shaped by biogeographical processes governed by environmental forces. Uncovering these hidden effects provides insights into the ecological mechanisms by which ongoing climate changes continually shape evolutionary assemblages over time.

以系统发生系更替率为代用指标，描述哺乳动物摇篮和博物馆的全球分布。此外，我们还研究了当前水能动态、气候不稳定性、过去气候变化和海拔范围对这些进化区分布的影响。

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引用次数: 0

The Best of Two Worlds: Using Stacked Generalisation for Integrating Expert Range Maps in Species Distribution Models 两全其美：在物种分布模型中使用叠加泛化法整合专家范围图

IF 6.3 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Global Ecology and Biogeography

Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1111/geb.13911

Julian Oeser, Damaris Zurell, Frieder Mayer, Emrah Çoraman, Nia Toshkova, Stanimira Deleva, Ioseb Natradze, Petr Benda, Astghik Ghazaryan, Sercan Irmak, Nijat Hasanov, Gulnar Guliyeva, Mariya Gritsina, Tobias Kuemmerle

Aim

Species distribution models (SDMs) are powerful tools for assessing suitable habitats across large areas and at fine spatial resolution. Yet, the usefulness of SDMs for mapping species' realised distributions is often limited since data biases or missing information on dispersal barriers or biotic interactions hinder them from accurately delineating species' range limits. One way to overcome this limitation is to integrate SDMs with expert range maps, which provide coarse-scale information on the extent of species' ranges and thereby range limits that are complementary to information offered by SDMs.

Innovation

Here, we propose a new approach for integrating expert range maps in SDMs based on an ensemble method called stacked generalisation. Specifically, our approach relies on training a meta-learner regression model using predictions from one or more SDM algorithms alongside the distance of training points to expert-defined ranges as predictor variables. We demonstrate our approach with an occurrence dataset for 49 bat species covering four biodiversity hotspots in the Eastern Mediterranean, Western Asia and Central Asia.

Main Conclusions

Our approach offers a flexible method to integrate expert range maps with any combination of SDM modelling algorithms, thus facilitating the use of algorithm ensembles. In addition, it provides a novel, data-driven way to account for uncertainty in expert-defined ranges not requiring prior knowledge about their accuracy, which is often lacking. Integrating expert range maps into SDMs for bats resulted in more realistic predictions of distribution patterns that showed narrower niche breadths and smaller range overlaps between species compared to traditional SDMs. Our approach holds promise to improve assessments of species distributions, while our work highlights the overlooked potential of stacked generalisation as an ensemble method in species distribution modelling.

物种分布模型（SDM）是评估大面积和高空间分辨率适宜栖息地的有力工具。然而，SDM 在绘制物种真实分布图方面的作用往往受到限制，因为数据偏差或有关扩散障碍或生物相互作用的信息缺失会阻碍它们准确划定物种的分布范围界限。克服这一局限性的方法之一是将可持续数据集与专家分布图结合起来，专家分布图可提供关于物种分布范围的粗尺度信息，从而提供与可持续数据集所提供信息互补的分布范围限制。

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引用次数: 0

Hindcasted Body Temperatures Reveal Underestimated Thermal Stress Faced by Intertidal Species 后报体温显示潮间带物种面临的热应力被低估了

IF 6.3 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Global Ecology and Biogeography

Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1111/geb.13908

Lin-Xuan Ma, Jie Wang, Mark W. Denny, Yun-Wei Dong

Aim

As global climate changes, there is a clear mismatch between the temporal and spatial characteristics of body temperature and environmental temperature, confounding the assessment of thermal stress for organisms in many ecological studies. Here, we hindcast the hourly body temperatures of intertidal molluscs to explore the differences between them and environmental temperatures (air and water temperatures) in multiple metrics of thermal stress.

Location

Intertidal shores in East Asia (0°–45°N, 100°E–140°E).

Time Period

40 years, 1980 to 2019.

Major Taxa Studied

Mollusca.

Methods

We collected habitat zonation data and measured the morphological characteristics of 25 intertidal molluscs living in East Asia. For three different types of intertidal molluscs (i.e., bivalves, limpets and snails), we built corresponding heat budget models (HBMs) to hindcast the hourly body temperatures from 1980 to 2019. We analysed the thermal stress of intertidal species faced in three metrics, annual extreme high temperatures (T₉₉), seasonal daily maximum temperatures (DMT) and heatwaves, and compared them with environmental temperatures.

Results

We found that T₉₉ of body temperatures and their interannual warming rates are significantly higher than those of environmental temperatures. Moreover, there were non-negligible mismatches between the seasonal thermal pattern and heatwaves of body temperatures and environmental temperatures, suggesting that the deleterious impacts of global warming on intertidal species are underestimated and cannot be directly revealed by environmental temperatures.

Main Conclusions

Thermal stress patterns of body temperature were significantly different from those of environmental temperature, and the thermal stress faced by intertidal species had been persistently underestimated. These results emphasise that body temperature should be used as the appropriate metric for evaluating and predicting the impacts of global warming and weather extremes in the intertidal biological system.

随着全球气候的变化，体温与环境温度的时空特征明显不匹配，这给许多生态学研究中的生物热应力评估带来了困惑。在此，我们对潮间带软体动物的每小时体温进行了后向预测，以探讨它们与环境温度（气温和水温）之间在多个热应力指标上的差异。

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引用次数: 0

Functional Traits of the World's Late Quaternary Terrestrial Mammalian Predators 世界第四纪晚期陆生哺乳动物食肉动物的功能特征

IF 6.3 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Global Ecology and Biogeography

Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI: 10.1111/geb.13909

Eamonn I. F. Wooster, Erick J. Lundgren, Mairin Balisi, Rhys T. Lemoine, Christopher J. Sandom, Jens-Christian Svenning, John Rowan, Chris J. Jolly, Grant D. Linley, Mitchell. A. Cowan, Nick Wright, Dylan Westaway, Dale Nimmo, Hannah Nichols, Owen S. Middleton

Motivation

Terrestrial predators play key roles in cycling nutrients, as well as limiting prey populations, and shaping the behaviour of their prey. Prehistoric, historic and ongoing declines of the world's predators have reshaped terrestrial ecosystems and are a topic of conservation concern. However, the availability of ecologically relevant predator functional traits is limited, hampering efforts to understand macroecological changes in this ecologically important functional group. Here, we present CarniTraits, a comprehensive open-access functional trait database of all late Quaternary (~130,000 ybp) terrestrial mammalian predators (149 species, ≥1 kg body mass, ≥50% vertebrate meat consumption).

Main Types of Variables Contained

Mammalian terrestrial predator functional traits including body mass, diet, scavenging, locomotion, cooperative hunting, hunting habitat, hunting method, bone consumption, temporal activity patterns, brain mass and encephalisation quotient.

Spatial Location and Grain

Global.

Time Period and Grain

Late Quaternary (the last ~130,000 years).

Major Taxa and Level of Measurement

All late Quaternary terrestrial mammalian predators (149 species, ≥1 kg body mass, ≥50% vertebrate meat consumption).

Software Format

csv.

动机陆地食肉动物在营养物质循环、限制猎物数量和影响猎物行为方面发挥着关键作用。史前、历史上和目前世界上捕食者数量的减少重塑了陆地生态系统，并成为一个值得关注的保护问题。然而，与生态相关的捕食者功能特征却很有限，这阻碍了人们了解这一具有重要生态意义的功能类群的宏观生态变化。主要变量类型哺乳动物陆生食肉动物的功能特征包括体重、饮食、食腐、运动、合作狩猎、狩猎栖息地、狩猎方法、骨消耗、时间活动模式、脑容量和脑化商。空间位置和粒度全球.时间段和粒度第四纪晚期（过去约 13 万年）.主要类群和测量水平所有第四纪晚期陆生哺乳动物食肉动物（149 种，体重≥1 千克，脊椎动物肉类消耗量≥50%）.软件格式csv.

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引用次数: 0

Disentangling the Influence of Phylogeny and Traits on Climatic Risk of European Butterflies 厘清系统发育和性状对欧洲蝴蝶气候风险的影响

IF 6.3 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Global Ecology and Biogeography

Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1111/geb.13907

Andros T. Gianuca, Oliver Schweiger, Luis Mauricio Bini, Martin Wiemers, Victor Rocha di Cavalcanti, José Alexandre Diniz-Filho, Michiel F. WallisDeVries, Niklaus E. Zimmermann, Josef Settele

<div> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>The relative importance of traits and phylogeny to predict species extinction risk is unclear and it depends on which traits are measured and their phylogenetic conservatism. Here, we evaluate the power of functional traits, ecological characteristics, such as range size and specialization, and phylogeny to predict climatic risks in European butterflies.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Location</h3> <p>Europe.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Time Period</h3> <p>Distribution data from 1981 to 2002 was used to project range shifts up to 2080.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3> <p>In total, 268 European butterfly species (<i>Rhopalocera</i>).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>We extracted information on climatic risk for each species from the literature. Two hypothetical conditions were assumed: full climate tracking and no climate tracking. We used variation partitioning to quantify and disentangle the effects of phylogeny, four traits (wingspan, voltinism, overwintering and egg volume) and two ecological characteristics (range size and specialization) on climatic risk. We used Random Forest as an imputation method to predict climatic risk values for additional European butterfly species that have not been previously modelled.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Range size and degree of specialization strongly predicted climatic risk of European butterflies, but only for no climate tracking scenarios. Overall, more generalist species have larger ranges and are less vulnerable to climate change. Furthermore, we found that phylogenetic information adds strong power to explain climatic risk, especially, but not exclusively for scenarios that assume full climate tracking.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main Conclusions</h3> <p>Considering current scenarios of habitat fragmentation in Europe, it is likely that species with smaller ranges and high degree of specialization will be unable to track their climates and thus be more at risk. However, our results imply that assisting dispersal and colonization might allow small ranged species to cope with climate change. Our analysis also indicate that phylogeny can be used as a proxy of unmeasured traits to predict climatic risk under certain c

目的性状和系统发育在预测物种灭绝风险方面的相对重要性尚不明确，这取决于所测量的性状及其系统发育的保守性。在此，我们评估了功能性状、生态特征（如分布区大小和专一性）以及系统发育预测欧洲蝴蝶气候风险的能力。方法我们从文献中提取了每个物种的气候风险信息。我们假设了两种情况：完全气候跟踪和无气候跟踪。我们使用变异分区法量化并分离了系统发育、四种性状（翼展、伏蛰、越冬和卵量）和两种生态特征（分布区大小和特化）对气候风险的影响。我们使用随机森林（Random Forest）作为一种估算方法，预测了以前未模拟过的其他欧洲蝴蝶物种的气候风险值。结果分布区大小和特化程度强烈预测了欧洲蝴蝶的气候风险，但仅限于无气候跟踪情景。总体而言，通性物种的活动范围更大，更不容易受到气候变化的影响。此外，我们发现系统发育信息对气候风险的解释能力很强，尤其是在假设完全追踪气候的情景下。主要结论考虑到目前欧洲栖息地破碎化的情景，范围较小且高度专业化的物种很可能无法追踪其气候，从而面临更大的风险。然而，我们的研究结果表明，协助扩散和殖民化可能会使范围较小的物种应对气候变化。我们的分析还表明，在某些情况下，系统发育可以作为未测量特征的替代物来预测气候风险。

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引用次数: 0

What is the Relationship Between Plant Trait Diversity and Geodiversity? A Plot-Based, Pan-European Analysis 植物性状多样性与地理多样性之间有什么关系？基于地块的泛欧分析

IF 6.3 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Global Ecology and Biogeography

Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1111/geb.13904

Grant Vernham, Joseph J. Bailey, Richard Field, Franziska Schrodt

<div> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>Heterogeneity of the Earth's abiotic surface and subsurface (geodiversity) is increasingly recognised as an important driver of biodiversity. Theoretically, species' traits should match to abiotic conditions in the local environment. Here, we test this for the first time at a continental extent by analysing the relationships between geodiversity and plant trait diversity in forested vegetation plots across Europe, at three plot sizes (100, 400 and 1000 m<sup>2</sup>).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Location</h3> <p>Europe.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Time Period</h3> <p>1930–present.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3> <p>Plants.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>We analysed geodiversity–trait diversity relationships across Europe at 1 km resolution using 2637 forested vegetation plots from the sPlotOpen database. We computed geodiversity (topographic, landform, wetness and soil physical and chemical heterogeneity) variables, combined with climate and land use data to analyse the direct and indirect effects of geodiversity on plant trait diversity, using structural equation modelling.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Topographic heterogeneity, and annual temperature to a lesser degree, showed significant positive weak to moderately strong association with plant trait richness and evenness across all plot sizes. We also detected multiple highly significant but weak effects of geodiversity components on trait diversity dimensions. Some notable exceptions include moderate negative effects of soil silt heterogeneity on trait divergence across 1000 m<sup>2</sup> plots and positive and weak negative effects of TWI and soil sand heterogeneity on trait evenness, respectively. Explained variance was low across models, but higher for models from 1000 m<sup>2</sup> vegetation plots. Evidence for the indirect effects of geodiversity on trait diversity was extremely weak.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main Conclusions</h3> <p>Our findings suggest variable-specific effects of geodiversity on trait diversity, with significant effects of multiple geodiversity components but dominated by topographic heterogeneity. Importantly, data precision is limited, and we are thus trying to detect sig

目的地球表面和地下的非生物多样性（地质多样性）越来越被认为是生物多样性的重要驱动因素。从理论上讲，物种的特征应与当地环境的非生物条件相匹配。我们利用 sPlotOpen 数据库中的 2637 块森林植被小块，以 1 千米的分辨率分析了欧洲的地理多样性与植物性状多样性之间的关系。我们计算了地理多样性（地形、地貌、湿度以及土壤物理和化学异质性）变量，并结合气候和土地利用数据，使用结构方程建模法分析了地理多样性对植物性状多样性的直接和间接影响。我们还发现了地理多样性成分对性状多样性维度的多种高度显著但微弱的影响。值得注意的例外情况包括：土壤淤泥异质性对 1000 平方米地块的性状差异有中等程度的负效应，TWI 和土壤沙异质性分别对性状均匀度有正效应和弱负效应。各模型的解释方差较低，但来自 1000 平方米植被小区的模型解释方差较高。主要结论：我们的研究结果表明，地貌多样性对性状多样性有特定的影响，多种地貌多样性成分都有显著影响，但地形异质性的影响最大。重要的是，数据精度有限，因此我们试图在高噪音中发现信号。因此，我们检测到的重要但微弱的信号可能表明了比我们的效应大小所显示的更重要的潜在模式。

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引用次数: 0

The Phylogenetic Structure Patterns of Angiosperm Species and Their Determinants in East Eurasia 东欧亚地区被子植物物种的系统发育结构模式及其决定因素

IF 6.3 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Global Ecology and Biogeography

Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1111/geb.13897

Wenqi Song, Yichao Li, Ao Luo, Xiangyan Su, Yunpeng Liu, Yuan Luo, Ke Jiang, Denis Sandanov, Wei Wang, Zhiheng Wang

Aim

The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework requires that evolutionary histories of species should be considered in conservation planning. The phylogenetic structure of species assemblages quantifies species evolutionary histories and increasingly becomes an endeavour for ecologists. Understanding the geographic patterns of phylogenetic structure of species assemblages and their drivers can provide a fundamental reference for conservation planning. Although several theoretical hypotheses based on the effects of contemporary environment, historical climate change and evolutionary niche conservatism had been widely discussed in previous studies, the relative contributions of these hypotheses on phylogenetic structure of angiosperms, especially herbaceous species, remain debated.

Location

East Eurasia.

Major Taxa Studied

Angiosperms.

Methods

We compiled distributions of 43,023 angiosperm species in east Eurasia at spatial resolution (100 × 100 km²). Using this newly compiled database and a species-level phylogeny, we estimated the phylogenetic structure patterns for species with different growth forms. We explored the relationships of these patterns with contemporary environment and historical climate change to test predictions of the tropical niche conservatism hypothesis (TCH) and to compare the contribution of different hypotheses using generalised linear models and hierarchical partitioning.

Results

We found that phylogenetic structure of angiosperms displayed significant latitudinal gradients. Notably, phylogenetic structure patterns and their drivers differed between woody and herbaceous species. Actual evapotranspiration was the best predictor of phylogenetic structure patterns for all and herbaceous species, while the mean temperature of the coldest quarter was the best predictor for woody species. The effect of historical climate change on phylogenetic structure patterns was weak.

Main Conclusions

Our results suggest that the TCH only explains the phylogenetic structure pattern of woody species, not herbaceous species. Moreover, contemporary climate influences the phylogenetic structure of angiosperms in east Eurasian by affecting herbaceous and woody species differently.

昆明-蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架》要求在保护规划中考虑物种的进化史。物种集合的系统发育结构可以量化物种的进化历史，日益成为生态学家的一项工作。了解物种群系统发育结构的地理模式及其驱动因素可为保护规划提供基本参考。尽管基于当代环境、历史气候变化和进化生态位保守性影响的几种理论假说在以往的研究中被广泛讨论，但这些假说对被子植物（尤其是草本物种）系统发育结构的相对贡献仍存在争议。方法我们以空间分辨率（100 × 100 km2）编制了东欧亚大陆 43023 种被子植物的分布。利用这个新编制的数据库和物种水平的系统发育，我们估计了具有不同生长形式的物种的系统发育结构模式。我们探讨了这些模式与当代环境和历史气候变化之间的关系，以检验热带生态位保守主义假说（TCH）的预测，并利用广义线性模型和层次划分法比较了不同假说的贡献。值得注意的是，木本植物和草本植物的系统发生结构模式及其驱动因素各不相同。实际蒸散量是所有植物和草本植物系统发育结构模式的最佳预测因子，而最冷季度的平均气温则是木本植物系统发育结构模式的最佳预测因子。主要结论我们的研究结果表明，TCH 只能解释木本物种的系统发生结构模式，而不能解释草本物种的系统发生结构模式。此外，当代气候对欧亚大陆东部被子植物系统发育结构的影响是通过对草本和木本物种的不同影响来实现的。

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引用次数: 0

Spatially Heterogeneous Responses of Planktonic Foraminiferal Assemblages Over 700,000 Years of Climate Change 浮游有孔虫集合体在 70 万年气候变化中的空间异质性响应

IF 6.3 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Global Ecology and Biogeography

Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1111/geb.13905

Gregor H. Mathes, Carl J. Reddin, Wolfgang Kiessling, Gawain S. Antell, Erin E. Saupe, Manuel J. Steinbauer

Aim

To determine the degree to which assemblages of planktonic foraminifera track thermal conditions.

Location

The world's oceans.

Time Period

The last 700,000 years of glacial–interglacial cycles.

Major Taxa Studied

Planktonic foraminifera.

Methods

We investigate assemblage dynamics in planktonic foraminifera in response to temperature changes using a global dataset of Quaternary planktonic foraminifera, together with a coupled Atmosphere–Ocean General Circulation Model (AOGCM) at 8000-year resolution. We use ‘thermal deviance’ to assess assemblage responses to climate change, defined as the difference between the temperature at a given location and the bio-indicated temperature (i.e., the abundance-weighted average of estimated temperature optima for the species present).

Results

Assemblages generally tracked annual mean temperature changes through compositional turnover, but thermal deviances are evident under certain conditions. The coldest-adapted species persisted in polar regions during warming but were not joined by additional immigrants, resulting in minimal assemblage turnover. The warmest-adapted species persisted in equatorial regions during cooling with similarly minimal assemblage change. Assemblages at mid-latitudes mostly tracked temperature cooling and warming.

Main Conclusions

Planktonic foraminiferal assemblages were generally able to track or endure temperature changes: as climate warmed or cooled, bio-indicated temperature also became warmer or cooler, although to a variable degree. At polar sites under warming and at equatorial sites under cooling, the change in bio-indicated temperature was less than, or even opposite to, what would be expected from estimated environmental change. Nevertheless, all studied species persisted across the study interval, regardless of thermal deviance—a result that highlights the resilience and inertia of planktonic foraminifera on an assemblage level to the last 700,000 years of climate change.

确定浮游有孔虫集合体对热条件的追踪程度。

{"title":"Spatially Heterogeneous Responses of Planktonic Foraminiferal Assemblages Over 700,000 Years of Climate Change","authors":"Gregor H. Mathes, Carl J. Reddin, Wolfgang Kiessling, Gawain S. Antell, Erin E. Saupe, Manuel J. Steinbauer","doi":"10.1111/geb.13905","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.13905","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To determine the degree to which assemblages of planktonic foraminifera track thermal conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The world's oceans.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The last 700,000 years of glacial–interglacial cycles.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Planktonic foraminifera.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We investigate assemblage dynamics in planktonic foraminifera in response to temperature changes using a global dataset of Quaternary planktonic foraminifera, together with a coupled Atmosphere–Ocean General Circulation Model (AOGCM) at 8000-year resolution. We use ‘thermal deviance’ to assess assemblage responses to climate change, defined as the difference between the temperature at a given location and the bio-indicated temperature (i.e., the abundance-weighted average of estimated temperature optima for the species present).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Assemblages generally tracked annual mean temperature changes through compositional turnover, but thermal deviances are evident under certain conditions. The coldest-adapted species persisted in polar regions during warming but were not joined by additional immigrants, resulting in minimal assemblage turnover. The warmest-adapted species persisted in equatorial regions during cooling with similarly minimal assemblage change. Assemblages at mid-latitudes mostly tracked temperature cooling and warming.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Planktonic foraminiferal assemblages were generally able to track or endure temperature changes: as climate warmed or cooled, bio-indicated temperature also became warmer or cooler, although to a variable degree. At polar sites under warming and at equatorial sites under cooling, the change in bio-indicated temperature was less than, or even opposite to, what would be expected from estimated environmental change. Nevertheless, all studied species persisted across the study interval, regardless of thermal deviance—a result that highlights the resilience and inertia of planktonic foraminifera on an assemblage level to the last 700,000 years of climate change.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"33 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.13905","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142045763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Habitat Suitability of European Land Systems for Terrestrial Vertebrates 欧洲陆地系统对陆生脊椎动物的生境适宜性

IF 6.3 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Global Ecology and Biogeography

Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1111/geb.13903

Louise M. J. O'Connor, Julien Renaud, Yue Dou, Dirk Nikolaus Karger, Luigi Maiorano, Peter H. Verburg, Wilfried Thuiller

Motivation

Accurate estimates of species distributions are crucial for biogeography, spatial conservation, and for assessing the impacts of human activities on species. However, existing approaches to estimate species distributions have typically neglected the influence of land use intensity, potentially overlooking the negative impacts of high-intensity land uses on biodiversity. Here, we build a dataset documenting the habitat suitability of European land systems for terrestrial vertebrate species, based on a novel land system map of Europe that factors in land use intensity. Our database offers refined and up-to-date information on terrestrial vertebrate distributions in Europe by explicitly considering land use intensity.

Main Types of Variables Contained

We created a table defining the suitability of land use classes as habitats for each species. We then built Area of Habitat (AOH) maps for each species by filtering out unsuitable habitat from the latest available estimates of species ranges. AOH maps were then compared with occurrence records from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). Processed datasets and R scripts are publicly available online, facilitating the use of our approach to refine expert-based distributions for other taxa, land system classifications and regions worldwide.

Spatial Location and Grain

The AOH maps cover the spatial extent of the European Union (EU) with the United Kingdom, Norway, Switzerland, and the Western Balkans. The AOH maps are at a 1 km² resolution.

Time Period and Grain

The dataset uses information published during the last 10 years.

Major Taxa and Level of Measurement

Habitat suitability was documented for 1155 terrestrial vertebrate species known to occur in Europe: 279 mammals, 520 birds, 251 reptiles and 104 amphibians.

Software Format

We provide the habitat suitability table in a comma-separated values (csv) format. The AOH maps are available as raster files. R scripts are publicly accessible on GitHub.

准确估计物种分布对于生物地理学、空间保护以及评估人类活动对物种的影响至关重要。然而，现有的物种分布估计方法通常忽视了土地利用强度的影响，从而可能忽略了高强度土地利用对生物多样性的负面影响。在这里，我们基于一个考虑了土地利用强度因素的新型欧洲土地系统地图，建立了一个数据集，记录了欧洲土地系统对陆生脊椎动物栖息地的适宜性。通过明确考虑土地利用强度，我们的数据库提供了有关欧洲陆生脊椎动物分布的最新详细信息。

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引用次数: 0

Diet Evolution and Body Temperature in Tetrapods: Cool Old Carnivores and Hot Young Herbivores 四足动物的饮食进化与体温：冷的老食肉动物和热的年轻食草动物

IF 6.3 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Global Ecology and Biogeography

Pub Date : 2024-08-18 DOI: 10.1111/geb.13900

Kristen E. Saban, John J. Wiens

Aim

Diet is a key aspect of life in animals. There have been numerous independent origins of herbivorous diet across animals, but the factors that explain these origins remain poorly understood. One potentially crucial factor is body temperature (T_b), as the gut-dwelling bacteria that help digest cellulose in many herbivores are thought to require high temperatures. However, analyses in birds, lizards and mammals found only limited evidence for higher T_b in herbivores than in carnivores. These analyses tested whether diet explains T_b evolution. Here, we focus instead on testing whether T_b helps explain the evolution of diet across tetrapods.

Location

Global.

Time Period

Past 350 million years.

Major Taxa Studied

Tetrapods.

Methods

We analysed 1712 species with matched data on diet and T_b using diverse phylogenetic methods.

Results

Ancestral reconstructions indicated that tetrapods likely had a carnivorous ancestor, followed by repeated transitions to omnivory and herbivory, especially in the last 110 million years. Thus, extant herbivorous lineages in tetrapods are relatively young, in contrast to many older carnivorous lineages. They are also relatively unstable in that reversals from herbivory back to omnivory and from omnivory back to carnivory were as frequent as the origins of herbivory and omnivory. Using phylogenetic logistic regression, we support the hypothesis that higher T_b helps explain the evolution of herbivory across tetrapods and within birds, mammals, lepidosaurs and turtles. Phylogenetic path analyses suggest that T_b generally drives the evolution of herbivory, and not vice versa. Our analyses also suggest that T_b is more important for the evolution of herbivory than large body size or diurnal diel activity, which are both significant predictors of herbivory in some cases.

Main Conclusions

Our results show for the first time that T_b is a significant predictor of diet evolution among and within many major animal clades.

饮食是动物生活的一个重要方面。不同动物的草食性饮食有许多独立的起源，但人们对解释这些起源的因素仍然知之甚少。一个潜在的关键因素是体温（Tb），因为许多食草动物体内帮助消化纤维素的肠道细菌被认为需要高温。然而，对鸟类、蜥蜴和哺乳动物的分析只发现了有限的证据，证明草食动物的体温比肉食动物高。这些分析测试了饮食是否可以解释总胆红素的进化。在这里，我们将重点放在检验总热量是否有助于解释四足动物的食性进化。

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引用次数: 0